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cgf}krfl/s lzIffsf kf7\oj|md / kf7\o;fdu|Lx¿df s'g} g s'g} ¿kdf af9L klx/f],

cfunfuL, e'Or “ fnf], /f]usf] dxfdf/L, åGå / o;af6 x'g] xflg gf]S;fgL;DaGwL ljifoj:t'x¿
;d]l6Psf 5g\ . ;j{ky| d t ljklQx¿ cfpg} glbg] pkfox¿ ckgfpg dflg;x¿nfO{ ;r]t
agfpg' k5{ . e'Or “ fnf], x'/L, cf“wL, ;'gfdL h:tf ljklQx¿nfO{ dflg;n] lgoGq0f ug{
;Sb}g . o:tf ljklQx¿af6 x'g] wghgsf] xflg gf]S;fgL sd ug{] pkfo ckgfpg' kb{5 .
af9L, klx/f], cfunfuL /f]usf] dxfdf/L, åGådf eg] dflg;sf] c1fgtf, nfk/afxL, l/;/fu,
3[0ff cflbn] sf/s tŒjsf ¿kdf e"ldsf v]N5g\ . cgf}krfl/s lzIff dfk{mt k|sf]k hf]lvd
Go"gLs/0f / cfkt\sfnLg cj:yfdf lzIffsf] Joj:yfkg ug{] ;DaGwdf ;r]tgfsf] ljsf;
ug{ ;lhnf] xf];\ eGg] p2]Zon] of] :jfWoog k'l:tsf tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .
o; k'l:tsfsf] n]vg sfo{ dw';b' g lqkf7L, u0f]zk|;fb e§/fO{ / k|d] e§/fO{ ;lDdlnt
sfo{bnaf6 ePsf] xf] . lrqfª\sg uf}td dfgGw/ / 6fOk;]l6ª tyf n]cfp6 l8hfOg
ho/fd s'Os “ n] af6 ePsf] xf] . of] ;fdu|L tof/ ubf{ ;xof]u / ;'emfj lbg' x'g] ;Dk"0f{
dxfg'efjx¿k|lt of] s]Gb| cfef/ JoSt ub{5 . o; ;fdu|Lsf] cWoogaf6 cgf}krfl/s
lzIffsf l;sf?x¿ / pT;'s kf7s ju{nfO{ ;DalGwt ljifodf s]xL hfgsf/L lng ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg] 5 eGg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .
cGTodf o; ;fdu|Ldf b]lvPsf sdLsdhf]/Lx¿ cf}N“ ofO{ lbg' x'g, ;'wf/sf nflu ;'emfj,
;Nnfx / k|ltlj|mof lbO{ cfufdL lbgdf o;nfO{ ce}m+ Jofjxfl/s / pkof]uL agfpg d2t
ug'x{ g' 5
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 kf7 ! l;Dn] ufp“sf] b'Mv

lbjfg l;+x /fO{ l;Dn] ufp“ ljsf; ;ldltsf k"j{ cWoIf x'g\ . pgsf]
sfo{sfndf ufp“df lgs} /fd|f sfd eP . gof“ ljBfno vf]lnof] . vfg]kfgLsf]
wf/f h8fg eP . y'DsLlt/ l;d]G6sf 7"nf7"nf £ofDkf agfOof] . ltgdf
5fgfaf6 aiff{ts \ f] kfgL hDdf ug{] Joj:yf ldnfOof] . af6f] klg vlgof] .
gfª\uf] 8f“8fdf ljleGg k|sf/sf la?jf / cld|;f] nufotsf 3f“;
/f]lkof] . xf“8Lvf]nfaf6 lah'nL lgsflnof] . l;“rfOsf nflu s'nf] klg vGg]
sfd eof] . k'/fgf] s'nf] dd{t ul/of] . ;fIf/tf sIffx¿ ;~rfng
eP . ufp“nx] ¿ ldn]/ cfocfh{g ;d"x u7g u/] . yf]/} yf]/} k};f hDdf
u/]/ art sf]if v8f ul/of] . art ul/Psf] /sd yk cfDbfgL x'g]
sfddf nufOof] . oL ;a} sfdx¿sf] ;+of]hg ug{] sfd lbjfg l;+xn]
u/]sf x'g\ . o;}n] ufp“nx] ¿ pgnfO{ ljsf;jfbL g]tf eg]/ ;Ddfg
u5{g\ .
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 1
cfÇgf] sfo{sfn ;lsP klg pgn] ufp“nx] ¿sf] ;]jf ul//x]s} 5g\ . pgn]
ljsf;sf sfd ug{ 5f8]sf 5}gg\ . ufp“df cfOk/]sf gof“ vfn] ;d:ofx¿n]
pgnfO{ lk/f]ln/xG5 . tf/]eL/sf] klx/f] a9\b} uP/ ufp“ g} aufpg] xf] ls
eGg] 8/ 5 . o;} jif{ xf“8Lvf]nfsf] af9L 6f/L v]tlt/ k:of] . /f]ks
] f] wfg
aufP/ nUof] . b;f}“ /f]kgL v]t 9'ªu\ ] au/df kl/0ft x'g uof] . o;} jif{
emf8f kvfnfsf] dxfdf/L k}mlnP/ tLghgf s]6fs]6Lsf] Hofg uof] . pgL
lk/f]lnPs} lyP . o;}aLr Pslbg ufp“nx] ¿ pgsf] 3/d} hDdf eP .
ufp“df cfOk/]sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{] s]xL pkfo vf]Hg'k¥of] egL cg'/f]w
u/] . pgn] s]xL g s]xL pkfo vf]Hg] cfZjf;g lbP/ ufp“nx] ¿nfO{ 3/
kmsf{P .

2 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 pgL Ps lbg cfÇg} sfdn] lhNnf ;b/d'sfd uPsf lyP . kmls{Pkl5
pgn] uflj; sfof{no glhs}sf] rf}tf/fdf ufp“nx] ¿sf] e]nf 8fs] .
ufp“nx] ¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ eg], æbfh'efO tyf lbbLalxgLx¿, of] ufp“df
xfdL lhh'afh]sf kfnfb]lv g} a:b} cfPsf xf}“ . cfh l;Dn] ufp“ vt/fdf
k/]sf] 5 . tf/] eL/sf] klx/f]n] ufp“ g} aufpnf h:tf] 5 . xf“8Lvf]nfsf]
af9Ln] wfg vfg] v]t vfOlbg] ef] . kvfnf nfu]/ s]6fs]6Ln] Hofg u'dfpg'
k¥of] . cfuf] nfu]/ 3/s6]/f] / cGgkft kf]lnPkl5 /ftf3/] dfOnf bfOn]
ufp“ g} 5f8] . o:tf] ljklQ cfpg'df xfd|f] klg s]xL g s]xL bf]if x'g]
/x]5 .Æ
æx}g P ;fNbfO ¤ tf/]le/df klx/f] hfg', xf“8Lvf]nfdf af9L cfpg', emf8f
kvfnf k}mng', 3/df cfuf] nfUg'df xfd|f] s] bf]if x“ < af9L klx/f] xfdLn]
cf eGbf cfpg] / gcf eGbf g cfpg] xf] /Æ /Tgk|;fb af]n] .
æds}sf] 9f]8 ;Nsfp“bf PSsfl; x'/L atf; cfPsfn] glhs}sf] uf]7sf]
5fgf]df cfuf] ;lNsPsf] ;a}n] b]v] s} x'g\ . s;}n] 3/df cfuf] ;NsfOlbPsf]
xf]Og Sof/]Æ lxdsnfn] elgg\ .
æP ;fOnf, t“ s] eO;\ x“ < o:t} bf]if nufpg xfDnfO{ rf}tf/fdf af]nfPsf] <
k]ml/ gof“ dfG5] klg ;“u} b]V5' . xfdL ;f]emf ufp“nn] fO{ b'Mv lbg] dlt
lnO;\ ls Sof xf] <Æ wgxs{n] zª\sf JoSt u/] .
æoL efO sf] x'g\ t ;fNbfO <Æ lbjfs/n] ;f]w] .
g]qjL/n] cfÇgf] kl/ro lb“b} eg], æd]/f] gfd g]qjL/ yfkf du/ xf] . d
lhlj;sf] sfof{nodf a;]/ sfd ug{ tkfO{x“ ¿sf] lhNnfdf vl6Psf] 5' .
d]/f] sfd k|fs[lts / cGo sf/0faf6 cfOkg{] ljklQaf6 hf]lug] tl/sf
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 3
atfpg' xf] . To:t} ljklQ k/]sf] cj:yfdf To;af6 x'g] xflg gf]S;fgL
sd ug{] pkfox¿sf af/]df of]hgf klg ug'{ 5 .
wgs];/L M P, afa' t xfdLnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ kf] cfpg' ePsf] /x]5 ¤
xfd|f] ufp“df :jfut 5 x} afa' ¤
/Tgk|;fb M o:tf] cfkt\ljkt\af6 hf]lug s] ug'k{ nf{ t afa' <
g]qjL/ M sfsfn] cl3 eGg' ePsf] s'/f 7Ls} xf] . e'Or “ fnf], cf“wL,
x'/Latf; / r6\ofª\ h:tf ljklQx¿ slxn] cfp“5g\ eGg]
s'/fsf] 7]ufg x'b“ g} . o:tf ljklQx¿ cfpg g} glbg] pkfo
ug{ ;lsg] s'/f ePg . t/ o:tf ljklQx¿ cfOk/]sf]
cj:yfdf o;af6 x'g] xflg gf]S;fgLx¿nfO{ sd ug{] pkfox¿
eg] ckgfpg ;lsG5 .

4 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 /Tgk|;fb M xfdL l;Dn]af;Lx¿sf] ;d:of rflx“ cs{] 5 afa' . xfd|f] zq'
t tf/]le/sf] klx/f] / xf“l8vf]nf kf] eOlbof] .
g]qjL/ M clxn] af9L klx/f] cfof], clxn] g} /f]syfd ug'k{ ¥of] eg]/
sxf“ x'G5 / /Tg sfsf . o;sf nflu t nfdf] ;dosf] ;f]r
/fVg'k5{ . clxn] xfdLn] ;f]rljrf/ k'¥ofPdf 5f]/f gfltn]
b'Mv kfp“bg} g\ . klx/f] ghfcf];\ eGgfsf nflu kfvfdf ¿v
la?jf, af“; / cld|;f] h:tf 3f“; /f]Kg' k5{ . ltgnfO{ htg
u/L x'sg{ lbg'k5{ . kfgL au]/ hfg] plrt lgsf;sf] Joj:yf
ldnfpg'k5{ . le/fnf] kfvf]df u/f la/fP/ sfGnfdf kvf{n
nufpg'k5{ . 3f“; pld|g lbg'k5{ . kfgL lgsf;sf] plrt
k|aGw ug'k{ 5{ . o;f] u/]df klx/f] lgo{Gq0f ug{ ;lsG5 .
kz'sf] clt r/gn] klg le/fnf] 7fp“sf] df6f] v'sn' f] x'G5 /
klx/f] hfG5 . sltko 7fp“df t hldg g} v'sn' f] / aUg]
vfnsf] x'G5 . To:tf] 7fp“df :yfoL ¿kdf 3/ agfP/ a:g'
x'b“ g} . hxf“;Dd af9L cfpg] s'/f 5, o;sf nflu klg
gbLsf] b'at} k{m ¿v, af“;, cld|;f] cflb /f]Kg'k5{ / x'sg{
lbg'k5{ . cfjZostfcg';f/ gbLsf] b'jt} k{m af“w, kvf{n
nufpg' k5{ . oL ;a} tkfO“x{ ¿n] b]vs ] f, ef]us
] f / hfg]s}
s'/f t x'g\ lg .
lxdsnf M hfg]/ dfq s] ug'{ afa' . o;} jif{ emf8f kvfnf k}mlnP/
tLghgf s]6fs]6Lsf] Hofg uof] . :jf:Yo rf}sLsf dfG5]
cfP/ ufp“el/sf dfG5]x¿nfO{ e]nf u/]/ ljleGg lzIff
lbP . 3/leq / aflx/ ;kmf /fVg'k5{ . lkpg] kfgL ;kmf /
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 5
 ;'/lIft x'gk' 5{ . kfgLsf] ;|ft] sf] jl/kl/ kmf]xf]/ / lb;f
lk;fa ug'{ x“b' g} . ;s];Dd pdfn]sf kfgL lkpg'k5{ . k|To]s
3/df rkL{ agfpg'k5{ . rkL{df dfq lbzf lk;fa ug'k{ 5{ .
/f]u lj?4 vf]k lbg'k5{ . emf8fkvfnf nfu]df g'g lrgL kfgL
jf hLjghn v'jfpg'k5{ . k|z:t emf]n vfg]s/' f v'jfpg'k5{
eg]/ tflnd glbPsf sxf“ x'g\ / ¤ ljklQ gcfp~h]n ;a}
cf–cfÇgf] tfndf lx“85\ g\ . hfg] a'em] sf] s'/f klg Jojxf/df
k|of]u ub}g{ g\ . eujfg\n] h] u5{g\ u5{g\ . s]xL k/] pg} k|en' ]
arfp“5g\ eg]/ 9'Ss x'G5g\ . k"j{ ;fjwfgL ckgfp“bg} g\ .
ljklQ kl/;s]kl5 ?g s/fpg yfN5g\ . sfnsf] d'vdf kl/
;s]kl5 xf]; v'n/] s] ug'{ <

6 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 lbjfgl;+x M cfkt\ljkt\ eGg] s'/f afhf ahfP/ cfp“bg} . k]ml/ of] Pshgfsf
nflu dfq cfpg] s'/f klg xf]Og . To;}n] o:tf] ljklQ cfpg
glbg ;a} ldn]/ a'l4 k'¥ofP/ sfd ug'k{ 5{ . kl5 ;d:ofdf
kl/G5 eg]/ cfh} rgfvf] eOPg eg] b'Mv kfpg] t kSsf g}
5 lg . cfuf] nflu ;s]kl5 s'jf vg]/ s] ug'{ <
wgxs{ M ;fO“nfn] eg]sf] l7s} xf] . /ftf3/] dfOnfn] ;fgf] s'/fdf
nfk/afxL u/]sfn] 3/ uf]7 ;vfk eof] . ljr/f ufp“ g}
5f]8/] lx“8] . b'MvLnfO{ hxf“ uP klg pxL xf] . oxf“ hlQsf
;xof]uL 5/l5d]s sxf“ kfpnfg\ / ¤ s]6fs]6LnfO{ af/Lsf
ds}sf 9f]8 hDdf u/]/ afNb} u/ eg]/ a];L v]tlt/ em/]sf
lyP /] . s]6fs]6Ln] uf]7 s} 5]pdf 9f]8 y'kf/]/ cfuf] ;NsfP5g\ .
atf; e'd/L k/]/ uf]7sf] w'/Ldf lemNsf]n] l6lkxfn]5 .
s]6fs]6Lsf] e/df cfuf] 5f]8g\ ' x“b' g} . s]6fs]6LnfO{ ;nfO{,
nfO6/ h:tf lrh lbg' x'b“ g} . jg hª\undf 89]nf] nufpg
x'b“ g} eg]/ pgnfO{ yfxf gePsf] xf] / ¤ vlt x'g] a]nfdf dlt
lau|G5 eg]sf] oxL xf] .
g]qjL/ M ca ;a} ufp“n] bfh'efO tyf lbbLalxgLx¿ hDdf x'g'
k¥of] . cfÇgf] ufp“df cfpg ;Sg] ljklQx¿ s]s] x'g ;S5g\
eg]/ n]vfhf]vf ug'k{ ¥of] . oL ljklQx¿af6 af“Rg ckgfpg'
kg{] k"j;{ fjwfgL / ug'k{ g{] sfdx¿ Plsg ug'k{ ¥of] . s;n]
s] ug{] / slxn] ug{] eGg] of]hgf agfpg' k¥of] . cfjZos
k/] ljz]if1x¿ af]nfP/ /fo ;Nnfx lng'k¥of] . cfkt\ljkt\
k/]sf] a]nfdf rflxg] ;fdu|L / cf}hf/x¿ ufp“ s} s'g}
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 7
 ;'/lIft 7fp“df /fVg' k¥of] . cfkt\ljkt\ kbf{ rflxg] vr{sf
nflu ;a}af6 yf]/} yf]/} rGbf p7fP/ ljklQ sf]if v8f
ug'k{ ¥of] .
lbjfgl;+x M ;a} ufp“nx] ¿nfO{ hfu¿s agfpg 3/3/ 8'n/] k|rf/k|;f/
klg t ug'k{ ¥of] lg, xf]Og t g]qjL/ efO <
g]qjL/ M bfh'n] 7Ls eGg'eof] . ;a}n] Jojl:yt ¿kdf sfd ug{
Pp6f ;ldlt u7g u/] s;f] xf]nf <
g]qjL/sf] k|:tfjdf ;a}n] ;xdlt hgfP . ufp“en] faf6 ;a}sf] ;xdltdf
æufp“ b}jLk|sf]k ;ldltÆ u7g ul/of] . lbjfg l;+xnfO{ g} ;f] ;ldltsf]
cWoIf agfOof] . pgs} cu'jfOdf ;a} ufp“n] ldn]/ sfd ug]{ ;xdlt
eof] . csf]{ xKtf o;}u/L e]nf eP/ ;/;Nnfx ug]{ lg0f{o u/]/ ufp“ e]nf
;lsof] .

8 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 kf7 @ d'uL{of ufp“sf] cfunfuL
r}tsf] dlxgf lyof] . udL{ w]/} a9]sf] lyof] . d'uL{of ufp“df dflg;x¿
udL{n] un]sf lyP . æn' rNnf h:tf] 5 .Æ eutn] uD5fn] kl;gf
k'5o\ f] . ækfgL klg k/]g . vfg]kfgL 5}g . o:tf] x'/L rN5 . k/f/ h:t}
pkb|f] eof] eg]Æ wd]G{ b|n] lrGtf u¥of] .
v]t hf]Tg' lyof] . eut km]l/ hf]Tg yfNof] . wd]G{ b|n] v]tsf] 3f“;kft hDdf
kf/]/ Ps 7fp“df e]nf u¥of] . lbge/ sfd u/]/ pgLx¿ 3/ kms]{ .
vfgf;fgf vfP/ pgLx¿ rf“8} ;'t] .
lj/]g, /ltnfn / pk]Gb| ufp“sf p/G7]pnf s]6f x'g\ . pgLx¿ hf“8/S;L
vfP/ xNnf u5{g\ . slxn] ;fOsnsf] xfjf v':sfOlbG5g\ . slxn] sfxL“
ufp“ns ] f 3/sf leQf kmf]//] rf]g{ ;d]t k:5g\ . cfh a]nv ' L kv klg
pgLx¿n] /S;L vfP . r'/f]6 ;NsfP / 3/ kms]{ .
æcf]O{ Û eut]n] 3'/ hDdf kfl/xfn]5 . cfuf] nfcf}“ g . s:tf] dHhf
x'G5 .Æ /ltnfnn] k|:tfj /fVof] .
ænfO6/ 5 <Æ lj/]g af]Nof] .
æwt\ Û o:tf] 3'/ t r'/f]6sf] 7'6fn] hlnxfN5 . ;NsfOxfNg'k5{ .Æ
pk]Gb|sf] of]hgfdf ;a}n] r'/f]6sf 7'6f glgefO{ 3'/df kmfn] . km]l/ xNnf
ub}{ ufp“ k;] .
3'/ la:tf/} ;NSof] . x'/L rn]sf] lyof] . cfuf] bgbgL aNof] . Ps} l5gdf
cfuf]n] ufp“ l6Kof] . ufp“sf ;fgf ;fgf 3/ bgbgL aNg yfn]] . uf“pdf
kfgL lyPg\ . /ftsf] ;do lyof] . dflg;n] k|x/LnfO{ kmf]g u/] . bdsn
klg af]nfP . t/ bdsn cfOgk'Ub} ufp“ ;vfk eof] . 3/ hn] . ;fdfg
hNof] . kz'x¿ hn] . tLg hgf a[4 3fOt] eP . Ps aRrfsf] hn]/ d[To'
eof] . dflg; ufp“af6 efu]/ 6f9f k'u] . eut / wd]G{ b|n] klg efu]/ Hofg
arfP .
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 9
eGg'xf];\ t M
– d'uL{ofdf cfuf] nfUg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <
– o;nfO{ s;/L arfpg ;lsGYof] <
– s] lj/]g, /ltnfn / pk]Gb|h:tf dflg; tkfO{s
+ f] ufp“df 5g\ <
– To:tf dflg;nfO{ ;Demfpg tkfO{“ s] ug{ ;Sg'xG' 5 <
– cfunfuLaf6 hf]lug s]–s] ug'k{ nf{ <
10 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 kf7 # vf/fkfgLsf] syf
sf:sL lhNnf df5fk'5«] ;]tL d'xfg dfly
s'lx/f]n] 8\ofDd} 9fsL eof] jiff{ clt .
;De“mbf g} lbSs nfU5 j0f{g ug'{ slt
hg, wg, hldgsf] 7"nf] eof] vlt ..

pQ/df 6lNsPsf] ;]tf] lxdfn sfv,

xl/ofnL 3f“; a'6f lyP eL/ kfvf .
To:s} d'lg ;fgf ufp“ lyP a]“;L b'g
nxnx v]tLafnL e'mNYof] ltGdf ;'g ..

;'v ;on vf]Hb} cfof} ufp“ 5f]8L tn

;fgf 3/ k;n, xf]6n To:d} cndn .
ko{6s l/emfP/ u¥of}“ sdfO /fd|f]
;'v;“u a;L eGYof} of] xf] ;a} xfd|f] ..

;nnn aUg] ;]tL lsgf/df af;

kl/jf/ kfN5f}“ eGg] 7"nf] lnGYof}“ cf; .
cgfof; lbp“;f]d} cfof] 7"nf] e]n
x]bf{x]b}{ l5Gg leGg hLjgsf] v]n ..

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 11
Tof] ;DklQ hf]ufpg] kfOPg a]nf
kl/jf/ arfpg eOuof] ca]nf .
lxdgbL k'm6\of] ls s] klxl/of] kfv}
aufP/ kl/jf/ l/Qf] kf¥of] sfv} ..

9'ª\uf d'9f sf7kft l;ª\uf] ¿v af]sL

cfsfl;“b} cfsf] e]n k|nog} xf] sL .
eGg] efg eof] xf]nf cfjfh ;'Gbf v]l/
Ps} l5g /f]lsP/ pnL{ cfp“bf k]ml/ ..

kf6L kf}jf w]/} lyP /f]uL cfO{ a:y]

lgsf] x'g] ljZjf;n] vf/fkfgL k:y] .
;a} hfGy] /dfp“b} lgsf]kf/L afy
d]/} aofg uy]{ ;a} cfkmGtsf ;fy ..

g t P]n] vf/kfgL, g 5g\ kf6L kf}jf

s] vfgnfO{ a;]sf x'g\ au/ el/ sf}jf .
3/}leq wg dfn dfG5] k'l/lbof]
gk'u/]sf] aufO{ nUof] oxf“ h]h] lyof] ..

df5fk'R5«] k]mbLb]lv ;]tL au];Dd

bfof“afof“ lsgf/fdf lxnf] u]u/ 6Dd .
3/, uf]7, j:t'efp aufO nUof] hDd}
kmf“8]kfgL pln{P/ 9fSof] lt/ ;Dd} ..

12 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 af6f] 3f6f] vfg]kfgL tf/]sf tL k'n
aufP/ nUof] ;a} k'¥of] ;a} d"n .
lsgf/fdf /fv]sf tL uf8L sf7kft
sxf“ k'u] yfx} 5}g nUof] Ps};fy ..

ufp“ 5f8L gbL lsgf/ a;fO“ g;f/

cfÇg} k}nf] a:tLnfO{ x/f e/f kf/ .
wfg e'mnfpm a]“;L el/ kfvf v]tL nufpm
To} 7fp“sf] ljsf; u/L b'Mv si6 eufpm ..

k|s[ltnfO{ g6]/]/ dg v';L ubf{

aNn r]t cfof] ls t 7"nf] cfkb kbf{
Hofb} lvGg eP/} xf] kf]v]“ d}n] b'Mv
P]No}af6 ;r]t xf]pm vf]H5f} eg] ;'v ..

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 13
 kf7 $ e'Or
“ fnf] cfof] eg] j]m ug]{ <
ebf}sf] dlxgf lyof] . pHofnf] x'g} nfu]sf] lyof] . d p7\g nfu]sf] lyP“ .
PSsfl; vf6 xlNng yfNof] . æP, e'Or “ fnf] cfof], efuf}Æ“ lbbL lrRofpg'
eof] .
æefUg' x'Gg . vf6d'lg a:g'k5{ . 9f]sfsf] rf}sf];d'lg a;] klg x'G5 . 6]an
d'lg a;] klg x'G5 .Æ d}n] k9]sf] s'/f ;'gfP“ .
cfdfaf csf]{ sf]7fdf x'gx' G' Yof] . ToxL“ ;'/lIft a:g'eof] . 3/ aflx/
dflg; lrRofPsf] ;'lgof] . cfwf ldg]6 hlt 3/ xlNnof] . x]bf{xb] {} xfd|}
sf]7fsf] leQf] klg rls{of] .
Ps} l5gkl5 xlNng 5f8\of] . xfdL aflx/ lg:Sof}“ . l5d]sLsf 3/ klg
rs]5{ g\ . /fds[i0fsf] 3/sf] Pp6f sf]7f eTs]5 . nLnfsf] cf“ugdf
lr/f k/]5 . d}n] k|x/LnfO{ kmf]g ug{ vf]h“] . kmf]g t lau|5] . lah'nLsf]
nfOg klg sfl6P5 . æP aflx/ ghfcf] x} ¤ e'Or “ fnf] kmls{g ;S5 .Æ
cfdfn] ;r]t u/fpg'eof] .
æx}g cfdf ¤ ca cfp“bg} xf]nf . s;}nfO{ cfkt\ kf] k¥of] ls ¤ xfdLn]
x]gk{' 5{ .Æ lbbL / d aflx/ lg:Sof}“ .
aflx/ lg:sgf;fy yfxf eof], /fDrfsf] 3/ eTs]5 . &$ jif{sf xh'/af
3/df k'l/P/ 7x/} x'ge' P5 . ;'DgLnfO{ klg rf]6 nfu]5 . xg'dGt]
vf]nfsf] kSsL k'n t b'O{ 6'jm| f eP5 . xfdL a'4 rf]sdf k'Uof}“ . sf7df8f}“
/ eStk'/ hf]8g\ ] 5 n]gsf] af6f] rflx“ s]xL ePg 5 . of] hfkfgn]
agfOlbPsf] af6f] xf] . ;fgf]ltgf] e"sDkn] s]xL ub}g{ /] . geGb} ToxL
14 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 af6f]af6 PDa'nG] ; cfof] . dflg; vrfvr lyP . PDa'nG] ; gful/s
c:ktfnlt/ uof] . t/ c:ktfn ejg eTs]sf] lyof] . g;{ / 8fS6/
qflxqflx lyP . af6f]df w]/} PDa'nG] ;sf] cfjfh ;'lgof] . bdsn klg
s/fof] . Ps}lbgdf Psf]xf]/f] ;fO/g aHof] . cfsfzdf Pp6f x]lnsK6/
klg 3'Dof] .
æP h'ug] ¤ ;'g t sf7df8f}d“ f t 7"nf] Iflt eof] /] lg . ;u/dfyf 6fj/
eTSof] /] . h'un Jofkfl/s ejgsf] gfdf]lg;fg 5}g /] .Æ ;fyL pQdn]
;'gfof] .
æcGoq s] eof] xf]nf < wGg af“lrof] . oxf“ t w]/} Iflt ePg . cGt s] eof] <
;xof]u ug{ hfg'k5{ . dflg; d/]sf, RoflkPsf jf 3fOt] ePsf x'g
;S5g\ x]gk{' 5{ .Æ d k'gM kms+{] .
/]l8of]df ;dfrf/ cfof] – cfh laxfg rf/ ah]/ k}t“ fnL; ldg]6df
sf7df8f}d“ f * /]S6/ :s]nsf] e'Or
“ fnf] uof] . xfn;Dd @ ;o dflg;
d/]sf] ;dfrf/ 5 . Ifltsf] k"0f{ ljj/0f cfpg af“sL 5 . /fi6«kltn]
;a}nfO{ cfÇgf] 5/l5d]sdf ;xof]u ug{ cfx\jfg ug'e{ Psf] 5 . cfÇgf]
cfÇgf] 6f]ndf p4f/ sfo{df ;xof]u ug{ xfd|f] klg cg'/f]w 5 .
;dfrf/ g;ls“b} lbbL / d bf}l8of}“ . olt a]nf;Dd dflg;x¿ ;8sdf
lgl:s;s]sf lyP . xfdL p4f/sf nflu vl6Psf] :jo+;j] s 6f]nLdf ;fd]n
eof}“ .Æ
ca eGg'xf];\ t ¤
o;/L g} e'Or
“ fnf] uof] eg] xfdLn] s] s] ug'{ k5{ <

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 15
c;'/lIft 3/

;'/lIft 3/

16 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 cfkm" / kl/jf/nfO{ arfpg d o;f] u5'{ M
 d PSsfl; cflQP/ eflUbg . c¿nfO{ gcflQg eG5' .

 vf6d'lg, 6]an ' d'lg, 9f]sfsf] rf}s;df a:g eG5' .

 emf]nf, tlsof, l;/s / s]xL geP xft}n] 6fpsf] 9fS5' .

 aQL, :6f]e, Uof; cflb lgefp“5' .

 ‰ofnaf6 xfd kmflNbg .

 e'Ot“ nfdf 9f]sf glhs eP t'?Gt aflx/ lg:sG5' .

 ‰ofnlt/ al:bg .

l5d]sL / cGonfO{ arfpg d o;f] u5{' M

 cfjZostfcg';f/ k|fylds pkrf/ u5'{ . pkrf/ ljlw hflg/fVg

;xof]u u5'{ .
 v'nf 7fp“df e]nf x'g eG5' . gcflQg eG5' .

 sf]xL 3fOt] eP gePsf] hfgsf/L lnG5' . PDa'nG] ;, :6«r

] /sf] Joj:yf
ug{ ;xof]u u5'{ .
 p4f/ sfo{sf nflu ;lj|mo x'G5' .

 lah'nLsf] tf/ / cUnf 3/sf] glhs ga:g eG5' .

p4f/ ug{ d o;f] u5'{ M

 ;s];Dd l56f] Ifltsf] ljj/0f lnG5' .

 k|fylds pkrf/ ug]{ Joj:yf u5'{ .

 :yfgLo k|x/L k|zf;g;“u ;Dks{ u5'{ .

 :yfgLo :jf:Yo ;+:yf;“u ;Dks{ u5'{ .

 3fOt] / kLl8tnfO{ vt/faf6 hf]ufpg k|of; u5'{ .

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 17
 kf7 % b'O{ lzIfsaLrsf] s'/fsfgL
xl/lk|of M dfgj l;lh{t / k|fs[lts ljkt\ k9]kl5 dnfO{ Pp6f s'/f
;f]Wg dg nfUof] . elglbg] xf] <
eSt/fd M s] xf]nf < hfg“] eg] elgxfN5' lg ¤
xl/lk|of M ljkt\sf cj:yfdf lzIffdf klg 7"nf] c;/ kg{] /x]5 . o:tf]
cj:yfdf s] s] ug'{ knf{ <
eSt/fd M af9L, e'Or “ fnf], 89]nf], cfunfuL / åGån] cfkt\sfn l;h{gf
u5{g\ . logaf6 leGgleGg vfnsf cfkt\ cfOk5{g\ . t/
;a}df afnaflnsfnfO{ a9L ;d:of k5{ . pgLx¿sf]
k7gkf7gnfO{ lg/Gt/ /fVg lgs} s'/fsf] ljrf/ ug'k{ 5{ .
xl/lk|of M To;f] eP ;aeGbf klxn] t afnaflnsfsf] tYofª\s ;ª\sng
ug'k{ 5{, xf]Og <
eSt/fd M xf] ¤ k|wfgfWofks / lzIfsnfO{ ljBfyL{af/] yfxf x'G5 .
lhlzsfaf6 klg tYofª\s lng ;lsG5 . lzlj/ / c:yfoL
SofDkaf6 klg tYofª\s k|fKt x'G5 . cfÇgf] If]qdf /x]sf
afnaflnsfsf] tYofª\s yfxf ePkl5 lzIff lbg] Joj:yf
ldnfpg ;lhnf] x'G5 .
xl/lk|of M tYofª\s ;ª\sngkl5 s] ug]{ lg <
eSt/fd M s'g 7fp“df slt afnaflnsf 5g\ < s;/L a;]sf 5g\ <
ltgsf] cj:yf s] 5 < klxn] of] a'‰g'k5{ . To;kl5 pgLx¿
/x]s} 7fp“df hfg'k5{ . ltgnfO{ k':ts, snd cflbsf] Joj:yf
ul/lbg'k5{, pgLx¿ tgfjdf x'G5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ /dfOnf
syf ;'gfpg'k5{ . uLt ;'gfpg'k5{, v]n v]nfpg'k5{ .
18 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 sltkonfO{ zf/Ll/s ;d:of x'G5 . ltgsf] :jf:Yo, vfgkfgdf
Wofg lbg'k5{ . dgf]/~hgsf] klg Joj:yf ug'k{ 5{ .
xl/lk|ofM ltgn] cfkmGt / cleefjs u'dfPsf x'g ;S5g\ . s;/L
k9\g ;Snfg\ <
eSt/fd M /fd|f] s'/f ug'e{ of] . ltgnfO{ k9fpg] xf]Og l;sfpg'k5{ .
o:tf] cfkt\df lhpg l;sfpg'k5{ . ljleGg vfn] cfkt\af6
cfk"mnfO{ arfpg l;sfpg'k5{ . kL8f e'Ng l;sfpg'k5{ .
o;sf nflu k':ts g} rflxG5 eGg] 5}g . lzIfsn] ljBfyL{sf]
dgf]lj1fg a'em\g cTofjZos 5 . pgLx¿sf] dg a'‰g'k5{ .
cfTdLotf lbg'k5{ . cleefjs aGg'k5{ . clg dfq l;sfO
;Dej x'G5 .
xl/lk|of M pgLx¿ ljBfno cfPgg\ eg] <
eSt/fd M oltv]/ pgLx¿ a;]sf] 7fp“ g} 3/ xf] . Tof] g} ljBfno
xf] . ToxL“ l;sfOsf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f u'gk{ 5{ . o; a]nf
lzIfs g} kf7\oj|md xf] . pm g} kf7\ok':ts xf] . pgLx¿
a;]sf] 7fp“df g} c:yfoL ¿ksf] l;Sg] l;sfpg] s]Gb| agfpg'
k5{ . pknAw ePsf ;fdu|Lsf] k|of]u ug'k{ 5{ .
xl/lk|of M To;f] eP o; cj:yfdf cg'ejL lzIfs cfjZos x'G5
xf]nf lg <
eSt/fd M Tof] klg xf]Og . h;n] klg l;sfpg ;S5 . wd{, ;+:s[lt,
Oltxf;, ;dfh, 3/fo;L ul0ft h:tf ljifo k9fpg'k5{ .
sfd / lzIff hf]8g\ k' 5{ . ;+:sf/ / lzIff hf]8g\ k' 5{ .
k'Vof}nL 1fg / lzIff hf]8g\ k' 5{ . a;] s} 7fp“df l;Sg ;Sg]
jftfj/0f agfpg'k5{ . ljBfno / 3/sf] cefj x'g lbg' x'b“ g} .
lzIffsf] of]hgf eg]s} oxL xf] .
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 19
xl/lk|of M o;f] eP o:tf a]nfdf lzIf0f ;fdu|L s;/L h'6fpg] t <
eSt/fd M ljkt\sf] a]nf kLl8tx¿nfO{ /flvPsf] 7fp“df h] kfOG5 Tof]
g} ;fdu|L xf] . To;}nfO{ k|of]u u'gk{ 5{ . af9Ln] k'/s] f] 7fp“df
df6f], kfgL, afn'jfsf ljifodf l;sfpg ;lsG5 . l;sfOnfO{
:yfgLo kl/j]z;“u hf]8g\ k' 5{ .
xl/lk|of M cf] xf] ¤ xfdLn] t w]/} sfd ug'k{ g]{ /x]5 . of] s'/f t c¿nfO{
klg eGg'k¥of] .
eSt/fd M cfkt\sfndf ;a}sf] ;xof]u lnP/ dfq ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{
;lsG5 .

20 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 kf7 ^ eL/ufp“sf] 89]nf]

r}tsf] dlxgf lyof] . udL{ c;fWo} a9\of] . vf]nf ;'s] . 3f“;kft ;'Sof] .
j:t'nfO{ 3f“; kfOPg . dflg;x¿ 3f“; vf]Hg hª\un rfxfg{ yfn] .
eL/ufp“df klg oxL bzf b]lvof] .
lbp“;f] !@ ah]lt/sf] ;do lyof] . /fddfg x“l;of gfDnf] af]s/] 3f“;
sf6\g lx“8o\ f] . p;n] kTgLnfO{ eGof], æv8]/L a9]sf] 5 . x'/L rNb} 5 .
cfuf] v/fgLn] 5f]k x} . pkb|f] xf]nf .Æ
/fddfg cf]/fnf] nfUof] . ;f]Rg yfNof], æv/L kfvfdf 3f“; 5}g . ;flnDaf]
;d]t ;'Sof] . dfG5]n] v/ klg af]sg] g\ . j}zfv nfUg cf“6o\ f] . 3/ 5fKg'
kb}g ls < pm ;f]Rb} em¥of] . cfh bfD;] vf]nf kfl/ hfg'knf{ . vs{gl] t/
clns xl/of]kl/of] 5 . zLtn klg 5 . 3f“; klg kfOG5 .Æ
/fddfg lrnfpg]sf] ¿vlg/ a:of] . uf]hLaf6 ;'tL{ lgsfn]/ vf];n] fdf
a]¥of] . nfO6/n] ;Nsfof] / w'j“ f lkpg yfNof] . æv8]/Ln] klg x}/fg
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 21
kf¥of] . 3f“; s;/L vf]Hg] <Æ ;f]Rbf ;f]Rb} s“s8 vfO;Sof] . 7'6f] 5]plt/
kmfn]/ pm vf]nflt/ em¥of] . vs{g] k'u/] ;';N] b} 3F;“ sf6\g nfUof] .
æP sfG5f sfsf ¤ jL/dfg bfO ¤ v/Lkfvfdf cfuf] nfUof] . ufp“n] xf] ¤
cfuf] nfUof] ¤ lgefpg cfpg'k¥of] .Æ ?b|] ;fO“nf] rsf]{ :j/df s/fof] .
ufp“df sf]xL 3/d} lyP . sf]xL ds}af/Ldf sfd ub}{ lyP . sf]xL csf{sf]
d]nfdf lyP . k'ikdfgsf 3/df ev{/ gfltgL hGd]sL lyO{ . pgLx¿
;'Ts]/L :ofxfb}{ lyP . eStbfOx¿ hª\undf bfp/f sf6\b} lyP . ?b|s ] f]
cfjfhn] oL ;a}nfO{ ;r]t u/fof] . ;a} cfÇgf sfd 5f8]/ bf}8] .
v/Lkfvfsf] 88]nf]n] ufp“ g} ;vfk kfg{ ;SYof] . s;}n] kfgL af]s] . s;}n]
sf]bfnf af]s] . sf]xL :ofpnf sf6\g bf}8] . sf]xL 3/sf ;fdfg hf]ufpglt/
nfu] . æP, j:t' bfDnfd} dnf{g\ < km'sfOb]cf} x},Æ *) jif{sf z]kf{ bfOn]
o'jfnfO{ ;DemfP, ækfgL t 5}g . df6f] / :ofpnfn] lgefcf] x} cfuf] ¤Æ
æx/] O{Zj/ ¤ ufp“ ;vfk x'g] ef] . s;/L nfUof] of] cfuf] <Æ pgL lrlGtt
ag] .
xNnf vNnf /fddfgn] klg ;'Gof] . Ps d'7f] 3f“; af]s/] pm klg bf}8o\ f] .
s;/L nfUof] cfuf] < v/ t ;vfk eP5 . Nof ¤ e'jfg]sf] 3/ t
e]l6xfNof] lg ¤ bftf/fd sfsfsf] 3/ klg e]65\ xf]nf . pm klg 3f“; kmfn]/
v/Lkfvflt/ bf}8o\ f] .
;a} kfvfdf k'u] . cfuf] bgbg aNb} lyof] . cem r}t] x'/L klg ylkof] .
cfufsf] d':nf] x\jf/x\jftL{ aNg yfNof] .
P, kfgLn] dfq x'b“ g} . :ofpnf sf6 / lxsf{cf] . df6f]n] 5f]k . u'?ª–bfOnfO{
3/sf ;fdfg lgsfNg eg . e'jfg] bfO ¤ gfgLx¿ eufpm . ufO{afv|f

22 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 km'sfOb]pm . o:t} cfjfh ;'Gg yflnof] . cfuf] a9\b} lyof] . Ps} l5gdf
xf]xNnf km}lnof] . ufp“sf dlxnf k'?if e]nf eP . kNnf] ufp“sf dflg; klg
cfOk'u] . s;}n] 3/ / vf]nfaf6 kfgL cf];f/] . s;}n] :ofpnf / df6f]n]
cfuf] 5f]k] . s]6fs]6Ln] klg cfunfuLaf/] k9]sf lyP . pgLx¿ kfvf] /
ufp“sf aLrdf vf8n vGg / kTs/ kG5fpg yfn] . æolt 7fp“ vfnL
kf/]kl5 t cfuf] a9\bg} xf]nf .Æ pgLx¿ clUg/]vf agfpg yfn] .

ufp“nn] ] cfuf] lgefpg cys k|of; u/] . rf/ 3G6fkl5 cfuf] lgoGq0fdf
cfof] . kf6] cf]8f/df s]xL d'9f hNb} lyP . t/ To;sf] 8/ lyPg . aNn
pgLx¿n] 7"nf] ;f; km]/] . vfg] kfgL;d]t cfuf] lgefp“bf ;lsof] .
æaNn ufp“ hf]luof] . n ;a} rf}/df a;f} Ps} l5g .Æ slkn ;/n] k|:tfj
/fv] . ;a} ;]/frf}/df a;] .
æx]/ t s'g km6fxfn] cfuf] nfof] o;/L <Æ dfOnL sfsL ql;t :j/df
af]lng\ .
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 23
æslxn]sfxL“ ¿v, af“; 3f]l6P/ klg cfuf] nfU5 . s;}n] hfgLhfgL cfuf]
nfp“5g\ . s;}n] r'/f]6 vfP/ glgefO 7'6f kmfN5g\ . slxn]sfxL“ hª\undf
uf]n kf]Nbf cfuf] pDsG5 . ufp“df 89]nf] nfUg] t log} sf/0f x'g\ .Æ
k'/t] af]n] .
æca r'/f]6 vfg] vf]Hg'k5{ . cfuf] nfpg] e]l6OxfN5 lg ¤ clg To;sf]
kftf kmsf{P/ =======Æ k"0f{l;+x s8\lsP .
æx}g of] eGbf klxn] t Iflt a'‰g'k5{ . s;}nfO{ rf]6 nfUof] ls < cfuf]n]
kf]Nof] ls < ltgsf] pkrf/ klxn] ug'k{ 5{ <Æ x]Ny kf]:6df sfd ug]{ ofbj
bfO af]n] .
æ P afa' xf] ¤ d/] d t ¤ emGg} Hofg uof] . l3ps'df/L s; sxf“ 5 <
blnb]cf] g ¤ d]/f] xft hNof] .Æ ldhf/ sfsfn] kL8f kf]v] .

24 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 cf]xf] ¤ l3ps'df/L b]n/] dfq x'b“ g} . lx“8g\ x' f];\ x]Ny kf]:6 . c¿
s–s;nfO{ kf]ns ] f] 5 < d;“u cfpg'xf];\ .
ldhf/ sfsf, lhtaxfb'/, d'gf, ;fgL efph" / kbdnfn ofbj bfO;“u
lx“8] . c¿ ss;sf] s]–s] eof] <
æd]/f] t 3/} hNof]Æ e'jfg] bfO af]n] .
æd]/f] rflx“ 3/ aRof], kfvL hNof]Æ bftf/fd sfsfn] ;'gfP .
æd]/f b'O{6f s'v'/f hn]5g\ . afv|f rflx“ k'G6Ln] km'sfO5Æ km'jf{n]
;'gfof] .
æolt xf] Iflt < xfdL ;a} ldNbf cfh ufp“ aRof] . cfufn] kf]Ng]sf] t
pkrf/ eOxfN5 . ca /x\of] e'jfg] bfOsf] s'/f . s] ug]{ xf]nf <Æ
 cf]8g\ ] cf]5o\ fpg] d lbG5' .
 cfh d]/] d} f a:5g\ . ;ft lbgnfO{ vfg]s/' f d lbG5' .
 af“; / v/ d lbG5' . 3/ agfOlbp“m g xfdLn] .
 n ufx«f] d nufOlbg] eP“ .
;a}n] PsPs lrh lbP/ e'jfg] bfOnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ lgwf] eof] . bftf/fd
/ km'jf{n] cfk"mx¿nfO{ s]xL ug'{ gkg]{ hgfP .
æn t le/ufp“af;L ;a} ufp“nx] ¿, ca 3/3/ nfuf}“ . cfuf] nfu]kl5
h;/L cfh xfdLn] ufp“ v/fgL x'gaf6 arfof}“ . cfkt\sfndf xfdL ;a}
o;/L g} ldNg'k5{ . o:tf a]nfdf hft, wd{, l/; cflb s]xL x]g{' x'Gg . ;a}
ldn]/ ;a}nfO{ ;xof]u ug'k{ 5{ . udL{sf] a]nf 5 . cfuf] rflx“ ;'/lIft
/fVg'k5{ x} .Æ
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 25
kVg'xf];\ k'/t] af, d}n] dfkmL dfUg} 5 . d a'9LnfO{ cfuf] hf]uf x} eg]/
lx“8] . lrnfpg]sf km]bdf k'u/] s“s8 vfP“ . d}n] 7'6f] glgefO{ kmfn] 5',
cfk}m“ nfO{ yfxf ePg . 7"nf] e"n u/] d}n] . ghfgL u/]sf] x'“ dfkmL kfp“m .
cl3 ldhf/ bfOnfO{ cfuf]af6 lgsfNbf d]/f xftv'66\ f hn] . 8/n] eGg}
;lsg“ . cfuf]n] ;hfo t lbOxfNof] lg . ?b} af]ln/x]sf] /fddfg k'nS{ s
n8\of] . pm t lgs} 3fOt] ePsf] /x]5 . p;nfO{ ;a} ldn]/ af]s] / t'?Gt
x]Nykf]:6 k'¥ofP .

26 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 kf7 & ;]tLsf] af9L / zf:qL af
>f]tfu0f, xfd|f] zf:q ax't Jofjxfl/s 5 . o;n] ;xh / c;xh
cj:yfdf Jojxf/ ug{ l;sfp“5 . lxGb'wd{df h]7fh'n] a'xf/LnfO{ 5'g x'Gg
eG5g\ . t/ cfkt\sfndf x'G5 . cfunfuL, e'Or “ fnf], af9L, vf]nf] tg'k{ bf{
/ ;xof]u ug]{ c¿ gx'b“ f wd{n] 5'6 lbG5 . ;+:sf/n] klg 5'6 lbG5 . –
zf:qL u'?sf] k|jrg xf] of] .
pgL jrgdf ;a}sf] ;Ddfg uy]{ . Jojxf/df rflx“ s6\6/ 5g\ egL ;a}
s'/f sf6\y] . o'jfx¿ ;dfgtf logsf] b]vfpg] bf“t xf] eGy] . pgsf]
s'/f sf6\g] y'k}| e]l6Gy] . pgsf k|z;+ s klg lyP . n]vgfyb]lv 3fGb|s
' ;Dd
pgsf] k|z;+ f ;'lgGYof] .
j}zfvsf] dlxgf lyof] . zf:qL afh] st} >f4 ;s]/ 3/ kms{b} lyP . ;]tL
gbLsf] lsgf/ p/f7 b]lvGYof] . udL{ dlxgf kfgL ;'ss ] f] lyof] . gbLsf
lsgf/df sf]xL lu§L s'6b\ } lyP . s]6fs]6L ;fgf bxdf kf}8L v]Nb} lyP .
zf:qL 5ftf cf]8/] cf]/fnf] nfUb} lyP . æP ;]tLdf af9L cfof] . efu ¤
efu ¤Æ dflylt/af6 rsf]{ :j/df s/fPsf] cfjfh pgsf] sfgdf k¥of] .
klxn] t kTofPgg\ . o;f] dflylt/ x]/s ] f] dflg;x¿ efUb} /x]5g\ . zf:qL
klg 6f]kL lems]/ efUg yfn] . s]xL tn k'Ubf pgn] b]v] – uGwj{ a'9L
vf]nfdf lu6\6L s'6b\ } lyOg\ . emgs kl/of/sf b'O6L 5f]/L kfgLdf v]Nb}
lyP . /ldtf afn'jf cf];f{b} lyO{ . zf:qL lrRrfP . P af9L cfof] ¤
efu ¤ dWolbgsf] rsf{] udL{df s;n] kTofcf];\ pgsf] s'/f . Ps sfgn]
;'g/] csf]{] sfgn] p8fOlbP . pgL km]l/ lrRrfP P efu ¤ af9L cfof] ¤

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 27
s]6Lx¿ / /ldtfn] t 7fp“ 5f8] . uGwj{ a'9L sfg ;'lGbglyg\ .
al;/lxg\ .
æn a"9L dg]{ eOg\ arfpg'k5{ .Æ zf:qL bu'b{} a"9L 5]p k'u] . s]xL gaf]nL
a'9LnfO{ tfg] . æaf9L cfof] . ;'Gg] xf]Og .Æ eGb} Toxf“af6 clns k/
k'¥ofP .
geGb} ;]tLdf ljzfn af9L cfof] . cGgk"0f{ lxdfndf lxp“ klx/f] cfP5 .
To;n] ;]tLsf] d'xfg y'g5] . Toxf“ tfn g} ag]5 . tfn km'6/] af9L cfPsf]
/x]5 . Ps} l5gdf ;]tLn] w]/} ;vfk kf¥of] . gbL 5]psf] uGwj{ a'9Lsf]
em'kf| ] klg aufof] . ;]tLn] eofgs ¿k lnof] . emgssf 5f]/L / /ldtf
8/n] y/y/ sfd] .
x]/ ¤ cfh d}n] geg]sf] eP Hofg hfGYof] . h] eP klg o:tf] cfkt\df
arfpg kfOof] . zf:qn] cfktdf ;a}nfO{ arfpg' eg]sf] 5 . n, gfgLx¿
hfcf] 3/lt/ .
pgn] uGwj{ a"9Lsf] sfg}df eg], ælbbL ¤ lx“8g\ x' f];\ . af9Ln] 3/ aufOxfNof] .
PSnL x'gx' G' 5 . s]xL lbg d]/d} f a:g'xf];\ . lrGtf glng'xf];\ .Æ
uGwj{ a"9L ufp“df x]lkPsL lyOg\ . zf:qLsf oL s'/f ;'g/] eSsflgP/ ?g
yflng\ . olt a]nf w]/} dflg; e]nf eO;s]sf lyP . pgLx¿n] dx;';'
u/] – zf:qL t jrg / Jojxf/ b'jd} f zf:qL /x]5g\ .

28 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 kf7 * tkfO“ eP s] ug'{x'G5 <
xfdLnfO{ ljleGg ljklQx¿ cfOk5{g\ . slxn] e'Or “ fnf] cfp“5 . ;'vf
v8]/L k5{ . cf“wL x'/L cfp“5 . af9L / klx/f]n] 3/v]t aufp“5 .
;d'b|sf lsgf/sf a:tLx¿df ;d'b|L cf“wL / ;'gfdLn] b'Mv lbG5 . oL
;a} k|fs[lts ljklQx¿ x'g\ . o:tf ljklQx¿nfO{ /f]Sg ;ls“b}g .
o;af6 x'g] wghgsf] gf]S;fgL sd ug{] pkfox¿ ckgfpg' k5{ .
ljklQ cfOkbf{ To;sf] ;fdgf ug]{ k"j{ tof/L ug'{ kb{5 .
tkfO{“ a;]sf] 7fp“df s] s] ljklQx¿ cfp“5g\ < To:tf ljklQdWo] s'g
s'gdf dflg;n] lgoGq0f ug{ ;S5g\ / s'gnfO{ dflg;n] lgoGq0f ug{
;Sb}gg\ < dflg;sf] c1fgtf / nfk/afxLsf sf/0f cfOkg{] ljklQx¿
s]s] xf]nfg\ <
sltko ljklQsf] sf/0f t dflg; cfk}“m xf] . dflg;x¿ 3/leq /
jl/kl/ ;kmf ;'U3/ /fVb}gg\ . /f]u lj¿4sf] vf]k ln“b}gg\ cfÇgf] /
s]6fs]6Lx¿sf] :jf:Yodf Wofg lb“bg} g\ . ;kmf, tfhf / kf]l;nf] vfg]s/' f
vf“b}gg\, v'jfp“b}gg\ . o;n] ubf{ /f]usf] dfxfdf/L k}mlnG5 .
cfuf] k|of]u ubf{ ;fjwfgL ckgfp“b}gg\ s]6fs]6LnfO{ cfuf] afNg
lbG5g\ . ;nfO{, nfO6/, Uof; h:tf cfuf] aNg] lrhx¿ rnfpg
lbG5g\ . o:tf] nfk/jfxL ugf{n] cfuf]nfuL x'g ;S5 . slxn]sflx“ t
ufp“ g} hn]/ ;vfk x'G5 .
slxn]sf“xL dflg;x¿ e}memu8f ub}{5g\ . ;fgf]ltgf] emu8fn] 7"nf] ¿k
lnG5 . hftkft 5'jf5't / wd{ klg e}memu8fsf] sf/0f x'g ;S5 .
e}memu8fdf xltof/ klg k|of]u x'g;S5 . df/sf6 x'g;S5 . oL ;a}
csf{nfO{ x]Kg], xf]Rofpg] / lyrf]ldrf] ug{] k|j[lQn] ubf{ x'G5 . n8fO“
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 29
u/]/ s;}nfO{ kmfObf x'“b}g . c1fgtf / 3d08n] emu8f lgDTofp“5 .
l/;sf] lgoGq0f ug{ g;Sg' klg emu8fsf] sf/0f xf] .
n8fO“ emu8faf6 afnaflnsf czSt / a"9fa"9Lx¿n] 7"nf] b'Mv
kfp“5g\ . n8fO“ emu8f ug{]x¿ t 3fOt] x'g] jf dg{] g} eP . åGåsf]
a]nf s]6fs]6Lx¿ ljBfno hfg kfp“b}gg\ . pgLx¿ 3fOt] x'g
;S5g\ . n8fO ePsf] a]nf 5fl8Psf xftxltof/ / ad af?b k8\s]/
3fOt] x'g ;S5g\ . pgLx¿sf] d[To' x'g ;S5 .
åGåsf] a]nf afnaflnsfsf] ckx/0f x'g ;S5 / pgLx¿nfO{ xltof/
/ cGo ;fdfg af]Sg nufOG5 . vfgf ksfpg] ef“8f dfe\mg] / ;kmf
;'U3/ ug{] sfddf nufOG5 . pgLx¿nfO{ ;'/fsL ug{] sfddf ;d]t
v6fpg] ul/G5 . pgLx¿nfO{ xKsfpg], lk6\g], wDsfpg] klg
ul/G5 . pgLx¿nfO{ of}g b'Jo{jxf/sf] l;sf/ x'g ;S5g\ . o;af6
pgLx¿sf] dl:tisdf g/fd|f] c;/ k5{ . cf3ft k'U5 . pgLx¿df
lx+;fTds efjgfsf] ljsf; x'G5 . 3[0ff / abnfsf] efjgf k}bf x'G5 .
dflg;x¿ ;jf/L ;fwg rnfp“bf nfk/jfxL u5{g\ . ;jf/L ;fwg
rn]sf] ;8sdf hyfefjL af6f] sf6\5g\ . 6«flkms lgodsf] kfngf
ub}g{ g\ . /fd|f;] u“ gl;lssg g} ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg yfN5g\ . lah'nLsf]
;fdfg / cGo xftxltof/ k|of]u ubf{ nfk/jfxL ub{5g\ . o:tf] nfk/
jfxLaf6 b'3{6gfsf] l;sf/ x'G5g\ . o;af6 a;{]gL wghgsf] 7"nf] Iflt
x'G5 .
tkfO{“n] cfÇgf] ufp“3/ / j:tLdf dfly pNn]v ul/Ph:tf 36gfx¿
ePsf] b]Vg'ePsf] 5 < o:tf ljklQx¿sf] slxNo} ;fdgf ug'{ ePsf]
5 < cfk}“mn] gef]u]sf] gb]v]sf] eP klg cjZo klg ;'Gg' ePSf] xf]nf .
o:tf 36gfx¿ s;/L ePsf xf]nfg\ < o:tf ljklQ cfp“g} glbg] pkfo

30 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 ug{ ;lsGgYof] ls < o;af6 s;nfO{ s:tf] c;/ k/]sf] 5 < Psl5g
;f]Rg'xf];\ / 5/l5d]s / ;fyLefO;“u o; af/]df 5nkmn ug'{xf];\ .
slxn]sfxL“ t Pp6f ljklQ k/]sf] a]nfdf csf{} ljklQ ;d]t ylkG5 .
3/df cfunfuL x'G5 . cfunfuL kLl8tx¿ lj:yflkt eP/ c¿
s;}sf] 3/df ;fj{hlgs ejg / ljBfnox¿df jf v'nf rp/df
c:yfoL 6x/f / kfn 6f“u]/ a:g'kg{] x'g ;S5 . Toxf“ vfg]s'/fsf] cefj
x'g ;S5 . lkpg]kfgL kmf]xf]/ / b"lift x'g ;S5 . emf8fkvfnfsf]
dxfdf/L k}mlng ;S5 . a:g] vfg] 7fp“sf] cefj ePkl5 dflg;x¿
e}memu8f ug{ tlD;G5g\ . ;fdfg vf];fvf]; ug{ ;S5g\ . e}memu8f
a9\b} uP/ df/sf6sf] l:ylt k}bf x'g;S5 . 3/jf/ 5f8]/ aflx/
a;]sf] a]nfdf cGgafnL / cGo lrhljhsf] rf]/L / n'6kf6 x'g
;S5 . u/uxgf / gubdf cf“vf nufpg ;S5g\ .
sNkgf ug'{xf];\ t, tkfO{+nfO{ g} o:tf] ;d:of cfOk/]sf] 5 . Pp6f
ljklQaf6 kLl8t ePs} a]nfdf csf]{ ;d:of cfpg glbg tkfO{“ ss]
ug'{x'G5 < ljklQ hf];'s}nfO{ hlxn] klg kg{ ;S5 . o; s'/fsf]
Vofn ub}{ bf]x]f/ ljklQ cfpg glbg] / cfOxfn]df To;sf] ;fdgf
ug]{ pkofsf af/]df cfÇgf ;fyLefO / 5/l5d]sdf s'/fsfgL ug'{xf];\
x} ¤

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 31
 kf7 ( lj:yflktx¿sf] Joj:yfkg
tLglbg;Ddsf] clj/n aiff{n] ;Nn] ufp“ af9L / klx/f]sf] rk]6fdf
k¥of] . af9Ln] 3/v]t aufPkl5 lj:yflkt ePsf ufp“n]x¿nfO{ l;h{gf
k|fylds ljBfnodf a:g] Joj:yf ldnfOof] . !% lbg;Dd ljBfnosf]
k7\gkf7g aGb ul/of] . lj:yflktx¿n] ljBfno jl/kl/ hyfefjL
lb;flk;fa u/]/ b'u{lGwt agfP . ljBfnosf 8]:s, a]Gr, s';L{, 6]a'n
lr/]/ bfp/f afn] . 5fgf]df nufPsf] sf7;d]t aflnof] . ljBfno
xftdf /f]lkPsf ¿vsf xf“ufx¿ sfl6of] . kvf{n k'm6fP/ O“6f lgsflnof]
/ r'Nxf] agfOof] . htftt} vf8n vlgof] . k"mnaf/Lsf af]6lj?jfsf]
gfd lgzfgf /x]g . vfgf ksfpg] s'g} lglZrt :yfg lyPg .
vfg]s'/f / t/sf/L sf6]sf] kmf]xf]/ htftt} b]lvg yfNof] . cfuf]

32 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 afn]sfn] v/fgL / sf]Onf htftt} 5l/Psf] lyof] . leQfx¿ w'jf“n]
sfnf b]lvP . s]6fs]6Lx¿n] glhs} ufp“n]sf s/];faf/Lleq k;]/
kmnk"mn / t/sf/L l6k]/ Nofpg yfn] . Pp6f 3/af6 t s'v/' f /
v;L;d]t rf]/L eof] eGg] xNnf k}mlnof] .
ufp“n]x¿n] ljBfno aGb u/]sf] / lj:yflktx¿nfO{ nfdf] ;do;Dd
ljBfnodf /fv]sf]df lj/f]w ug{ yfn] . !% lbgkl5 pgLx¿dWo]
s]xLnfO{ 3/ kmsf{Oof] . s]xLnfO{ cs}{ 7fp“df ;fl/of] . ;fg{] sfd
;DkGg ePkl5 klg b'O{ xKtf;Dd sIff ;~rfng x'g ;s]g . eTs]sf]
kvf{n agfpg dd{t ;Def/ ug{ / 8]:s a]Gr, s';L{, 6]a'nsf] Joj:yf
ug{ 7"nf] /sd vr{ ug'{ k¥of] .

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 33
r]tgf k|fylds ljBfnodf klg lj:yflkt ePsf dflg;x¿nfO{ /
flvPsf] lyof] . Toxf“ ;xof]uL / :jo+;]js ;+:yfsf dflg;x¿ cfP .
:yfgLo k|x/L / k|zf;gsf dflg;x¿ cfP . ;a}sf] pkl:yltdf ljBfno
Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] a}7s a:of] . ljBfnosf zf}rfnox¿ v'nf
ul/P . yk c:yfoL zf}rfnox¿ agfOof] . k'?if / dlxnfsf nflu
5'6\6f5'6\6} zf}rfnosf] Joj:yf ul/of] . sl/a @) hgfsf nflu
Pp6f zf}rfnosf] Jofj:yf ul/of] zf}rfnosf] b'/L %) ld6/eGbf
a9L gxf];\ eGg] s'/fdf Vofn ul/of] . vfg]kfgLsf] klg Joj:yf
ul/of] . kfgLsf] lgsf;sf] klg Joj:yf ul/of] .
:jo+;j] sx¿n] ;a}sf] ljj/0f lnP . pgLx¿sf ;d:of / cfjZostfsf
af/]df ;f]wk'5 u/] . pgLx¿sf] :jf:Yo hf“r ul/of] . cf}ifwL ljt/0f
ul/of] . s]6fs]6Lx¿nfO{ k9\g] n]Vg], /ª eg{] / v]ns'bsf ;fdu|Lx¿
ljt/0f ul/of] . 7fp“–7fp“df kmf]xf]/ hDdf ug{] Knfl:6ssf aflN6gx¿
/flvof] .
vfgf ksfpg bfp/f, Uof;, dl6t]n ljt/0f ul/of] . :yfgLo a'l4hLjL,
;dfh;]jL / o'jfx¿ ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf :jod\;j] s ;d"x agfOof] .
s]6fs]6Lx¿nfO{ s] ug{ x'g] s] ug{ gx'g] eGg] af/]df hfgsf/L
lbOof] . kfgL pdfn]/ jf cf}ifwL xfn]/ z'4 agfP/ lkpg] ;Nnfx
lbOof] . ;/;kmfOsf af/]df hfgsf/L lbOof] .
ljBfnodf cWoog ul//x]sf ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu Ps xKtfsf] 5'6\6L
lbOof] . u[xsfo{ / kl/of]hgf sfo{ lbOof] . lj:yflkt eP/ cfPsf
afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ Pp6f sf]7fdf /fv]/ k7gkf7g ug{] Joj:yf

34 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 ldnfOof] . ljBfno vfnL ug{} lbg :yfgLo afl;Gbf, lzIfs, ljBfyL{ /
lj:yflkt ;d]tsf] 6f]nLn] ljBfnosf] ;/;kmfO / dd{t ;+ef/ sfo{
;DkGg u¥of] . ef]lnkN6b]lv g} sIff ;~rfng eof] .
lbOPsf] kf7 k9\gx' f];\ / tnsf k|Zgsf] pQ/ s] x'g\ ;Snf < Psl5g
;f]r]/ hjfkm lbg'xf];\ x} t <
-s_ dflysf] kf7 k9]/ s] yfxf kfpg' eof] <
-v_ l;h{gf k|fylds ljBfnodf /flvPsf] lzlj/df s]s] ;d:ofx¿
b]vfk/]] <
-u_ tL ;d:of b]lvg'sf sf/0fx¿ s]s] x'g\ <
-3_ r]tgf k|fylds ljBfnodf /flvPsf] lzlj/df To:tf ;d:of
lsg gb]lvPsf xf]nfg\ <
-ª_ b}jL ljklQdf k/]sfx¿sfnflu lzlj/x¿ ;~rfng ubf{ s]s]
s'/fdf Wofg k'¥ofpg' kg{{] /x]5 <

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 35
 kf7 !) ljkt\sf] a]nf ljz]if ;xof]u
sIffdf k:gf;fy lgd{nf ld;n] ;'gfpg'eof], cfh /]l8of] ;'gs ] f] xf] <
hfkfgdf 7"nf] e'Or “ fnf] uof] lg < t/ dflg;x¿ rflx“ d/]gg\ . lsg
xf]nf <
 e'O“rfnf]af6 hf]lug] 3/ 5g\ xf]nf .
 dflg;x¿ e'Or “ fnf]af6 hf]lug hfGb5g\ xf]nf .
of] t 7Ls 5 . xfd|f] b]zdf klg o:t} 7"nf] e'Or“ fnf] uof] eg] s] xf]nf <
 xfdL ;a} d5f}{ xf]nf .
;a} d/] t ;lsOxfNof] . dl/Pg jf 3fOt] jf ckfª\u eOof] eg] <
 lhp“b} d/]h:tf] x'G5 xf]nf .
xf] ¤ o:t} x'g ;S5 . g]kfn klg e'Or “ fnf]sf] If]qdf k5{ . oxf“ !(() ;fn
@)$% ;fn / @)^* ;fndf 7"nf e'Or “ fnf] cfP . w]/} dflg; klg d/] .
wghgsf] Iflt eof] . e'Or “ fnf] slxn] cfp“5 eGg] yfxf x'b“ g} . o;af6
hf]lug s] ug'k{ nf{ <
 e'Or“ fnf]n] gn8\g] 3/ agfpg'k5{ .
 e'Or “ fnf] cfp“bf 6]and'lg jf 9f]sfdf cf8 nfu]/ a:g'k5{ .
 vfg]s/' f / kfgL /flv/fVg'k5{ .
 v'nf 7fp“df efUg'k5{ .
v'nf 7fp“df ;a} efUg ;S5g\ t <
 ;Sb}gg\ .
36 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 o:tf] cfkt\sfnLg cj:yfdf dfgl;s tyf zf/Ll/s ckfª\utf ePsf
JolStnfO{ emg 7"nf] c;/ k5{ . dflg;df ljleGg k|sf/sf ckfª\utf
x'G5g\ . sf]xL af]Ng ;Sb}gg\ . sf]xL ;'Gg ;Sb}gg\ . sf]xL sd ;'G5g\ .
sf]xL sd b]V5g\ . s;}sf xftv'66\ f rNb}gg\ . s;}sf] z/L/ rNb}g .
s;}sf] z/L/ c:jefljs x'G5 . cfkt\ kbf{ o:tf] ckfª\utf ePsf
JolStnfO{ ;xof]usf] cfjZostf k5{ . e'Or “ fnf] h:tf] cfkt\ cfp“bf ;an
dflg;n] a9L v6\gk' 5{ . cf“vf gb]Vg] dflg;nfO{ 8f]¥ofP/ ;'/lIft 7fp“df
k'¥ofpg'k5{ . af]Ng g;Sg]n] cfÇgf] kL8f ;'gfpg ;Sb}gg\ . pgLx¿sf]
;ª\st] a'em]/ ;xof]u ug'k{ 5{ . v'§f grNg]x¿nfO{ af]s/] cGoq n}hfg'k5{ .
c:jfefljs z/L/ x'gn] fO{ af]s/] cGoq n}hfg'k5{ . ckfª\utf ePsf
dflg; 3fOt] x'g ;S5g\ . of] cem 7"nf] kL8f xf] . of] kL8faf6 arfpg
t'?Gt c:ktfn k'¥ofpg'k5{ . ckfª\utf ePsf JolStnfO{ ljleGg cf}ifwLsf]
cfjZostf kg{ ;S5 . o;sf] Joj:yf ul/lbg'k5{ . xfdLn] ;'Gg g;Sg]sf
nflu ;'lglbg'k5{ . af]Ng g;Sg]nfO{ a'lemlbg'k5{ . tkfO{+ xfdL hf];s ' d} f
ckfª\utf x'g ;S5 . cfkt\sfndf pgLx¿nfO{ ljz]if ;xof]u cfjZos
k5{ .
cfkt\sfndf ;a} k|sf/sf ckfª\utfnfO{ Ps} tl/sfn] Joj:yfkg ug{
;ls“bg} . ckfª\utfsf] k|sf/ a'em]/ ;f]xLcg';f/ ;xof]u u'gk{ 5{ .
ca e'Or“ fnf] cfof] eg] klxn] d ckfª\unfO{ ljz]if ;xof]u u5'{ . d
ckfª\u eP“ eg] klg ;xof]u ug'x{ f];\ x} .

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 37
38 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 kf7 !! ;]jf g} wd{ xf]
cfh d}n] cfkt\ljkt\ cfOk/]sf] a]nf dflg;x¿nfO{ s;/L ;]jf ug{]
eGg]af/]df sljtf ;'gfpg' lyof] . d}n] tn n]lvPsf] sljtf ;'gfP“ . tkfO{
klg of] k9\gx' f];\ / dgdf nfu]sf] s'/f eGg'xf];\ x} ¤
hGd]kl5 a9\gk' 5{ Pslbg dg'{ k5{,
lhGbuLsf] af6f] lx“8b\ f cfkt klg k5{ .
cfktdf a'l4 nufO{ sfd ug'k{ 5{,
;a} hft, wd{, lnª\u Ps} aGg'k5{ ..
xfdL w]/} hfthflt b]z xfd|f] 3/,
3/leq cfkt\ cfP ;'/lIft sf] 5 / .
cfkt\df ;a} la;L{ cfkt\nfO{ g} ;Dem,
c¿nfO{ arfpg] dfu{lt/ nDs ..
k|To]s hft, ;Dk|bfo ;+:s[lt 5g\ cfÇgf,
;+:s[lt t dfGg} k5{ cfÇg} dfg /fVg .
cfkt\ kbf{ cfÇgf] cfsf]{ ldq k/fO{ la;L{,
dfG5] dfG5] nfpg'k5{ ;+:s[ltsf] lktL{ ..
wd{ eGg' ;]jf g} xf], ;]jf xfd|f] dg,
cfkt\ k5{ ;a}nfO{ ;a} ;r]t ag .
xfd|f] hft wd{ dfG5], ;+:s[lt xf] dfG5],
dfG5] arfpm, dfG5] ar, gq s]sf] dfG5] <
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 39
ljb]zdf ldq lrg :jb]zdf dg,
dfG5] lrg cfktdf, ljktdf wg .
wd{ lrg pksf/df, b'Mv lbg' kfk,
lzIff lrg b'Mv kbf{, ;ª\s6df ;fy ..

Ps} l5g ;f]r/] hjfkm lbg';\ n ¤

 sljtfdf eg]sf s'/f 7Ls 5g\ < lsg <
 sljtfdf s] s] ug'k{ 5{ elgPsf] 5 <
 cfkt\ljkt\ kbf{ s;/L sfd ug'k{ g{] /x]5 <
 s] xfdL sljtfdf eg] h:tf] ug{ ;S5f}“ t <

40 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 kf7 !@ cfkt\ljkt\df s;n] ;xof]u u5{g\ <
cK7\of/f] g+= !
ebf} !@ ut] laxfg % ah] PSsfl; ;fO/g aHof] . t/fO{sf dflg;x¿n]
pQ/lt/ x]/] . cfsfz d8fl/Psf] lyof] . 7"nf] kfgL k/]5 . af9L cfpg]
;ª\st] b]lvof] . dfem3f6, a:tLk'/ / tL/vf]nfsf dflg; v'a cflQP .
af9L cfof] eg] 3/ aufp“5 . ufO{j:t' s;/L hf]ufpg] < n'ufsk8f /
ef“8fs'8“ f s] ug]{ < ;asf] lrGtf a9\of] . k'g M ;fO/g aHof] . ufp“ns
] f]
;ftf] uof] . sf]xL efUg yfn] . sf]xL s]6fs]6L p7fpg yfn] .
tkfO{s
“ f] ufp“df o:t} eof] eg] s] ug'x{ G' 5 < ;f]r/] eGg'xf];\ .
cK7\of/f] g+= @

x]/ Û ca s;/L
af“Rg] xf]nf <

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 41
 k'ln; afa', d cf“vf
b]lVbg, k/
k'¥ofO{lbg'; x} ¤
x'G5, cfdf ¤

af9L a9\nf h:tf]

5 . dflg;x¿nfO{
ljBfno /;fd'bflos
ejgdf ;fg'{k5{ .

42 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 ljBfnodf ldn]/ a:g'xf];\ .
jl/kl/ lbzflkzfa gug'x{ f]nf .
Toxf“ ljBfnosf] rkL{ 5“b5} .
t/ s';L{, a]Gr gef“Rg'xf];\ x} ¤

dflysf] lrq x]gx{' f];\ / tnsf s'/f a'‰g'xf];\ M

 af9L k|fs[lts k|sf]k xf] . of] slxn] cfp“5 eGg] yfxf x'b“ g} . af9Laf6
aRg gbLsf 5]p5fpdf jf af9L k:g ;Sg] 7fp“df 3/ agfpg' x“b' g} .
 af9Ln] 3/jf/ / wghgsf] Iflt u5{ .
 af9L cfPsf] yfxf kfpg;fy ;'/lIft 7fp“df hfg'k5{ .

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 43
 ufp“sf] ljBfno / ;fd'bflos ejg
;'/lIft 7fp“ x'g\ . c¿ To:t} ;'/lIft 7fp“
x'g ;S5g\ .
 cfkt\ljkt\ kbf{ ;]gf / k|x/Ln] ;xof]u
u5{g\ . cfkt\ kgf{;fy k|zf;gnfO{ va/
ug'k{ 5{ . /]8j|m;

 /]8j|m;, :sfp6n] klg cfkt\ljkt\df ;xof]u u5{g\ .

 u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf klg ;xof]uL x'g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ va/ u'gk{ 5{ . s]xL
;+:yf cfk}“m ;xof]u ug{ cfp“5g\ . tL
:jod;]jL ;+:yfx¿ x'g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ klg
;xof]u ug'k{ 5{ .
 cfkt\sfndf :jf:YosdL{ cfP/ pkrf/ u5{g\ .
pgLx¿nfO{ klg va/ ug'k{ 5{ .
 cfkt\ ;a}nfO{ k5{ . s;}nfO{ cfkt\ kgf{;fy
;xof]u ug{ k'Ug'k5{ . :sfp6
 cfkt\sfnLg cj:yfdf ;xof]u ug'{ dflg;sf]
wd{ xf] .

44 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 kf7 !# ;'Gb/k'/sL ;fGgfgL
æP ;'GtnL ¤ gf6s x]g{ hfg] x}g < cfh :s'ndf gf6s 5 /] lg ¤ hfcf}“ ¤ ;a}
uP ¤Æ
æP xf] / ¤ kv g t . d klg n'uf nufOxfN5' ¤Æ
;'GtnL / ;fGgfgL gf6s x]g{ k'u] . ljBfnosf] k|fª\u0fdf gf6s ug]{
lyof] . dflg;x¿ vrfvr lyP . Ps} l5gdf kbf{ v'Nof] . d~rdf s]xL
clegostf{ b]lvP . ;'Gb/k'/ ufp“sf] syf /x]5 . ufp“df PSsfl; dxfdf/L
km}lnP5 . w]/} dflg; la/fdL k/]5g\ . s]xL d/]5g\ . ca s] ug]{ egL
5nkmn kf] x'b“ } /x]5 .
æP ;fGgfgL x]/ ¤ slt kmf]xf]/ ufp“ ¤ To:tf] ePkl5 dxfdf/L km}lnb}g
t ¤ d5{g\ xf]nf ;a} ¤ ufp“ t ;kmf kf] /fVg'k5{ ¤Æ ;'GtnLn] sfg]v;' L
u/L .
gf6s cl3 a9\of] . dxfdf/L km}lnPsf] ;'Gb/k'/ ufp“df ;fd'bflos g]tfx¿
/ ;dfh;]jL e]nf eP . s;}n] ufp“ kmf]xf]/ ePsfn] dxfdf/L km}lnPsf]
eg] . s;}n] b]jLb]jtf kf] l/;fPsf] eGg] ;f]r] . s;}n] wfdL emf“qmL nfpg]
s'/f u/] . s;}n] la/fdLnfO{ c:ktfn nu]/ pkrf/ u/f}“ eg] .
æxf], o; g]tfn] 7Ls eGof] x} . b]jL l/;fP/ dxfdf/L km}ng] eP lsg k"hf
ug]{ < la/fdLnfO{ t c:ktfn kf] nfg'k5{ .Æ ;fGgfgLn] ;'GtnL;“u ;fptL u/L .
gf6s rNb} lyof] . Toxf“ s]xL wfld{s g]tf b]lvP / eGg yfn], æcf“ug
kmf]xf]/ eP /f]u nfU5 . vfgkfgdf Wofg glbP klg /f]u nfU5 . xfdLn]
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 45
z/L/ :j:y /fVg'k5{ . 3/cf“ug / dg b'ul{ Gwt /fVg]nfO{ /f]u nfU5 . of]
O{Zj/sf] r]tfjgL xf] . O{Zj/n] dfxfdf/L km}nfP/ xfdLnfO{ r]tfjgL lbPsf
x'g\ . ca O{Zj/sf] k|fy{gf u/L ufp“ ;kmf kfg'k{ 5{ . O{Zj/s} s[kfn] la/fdL
7Ls x'G5g\ . O{Zj/s} s[kfn] d[tsx¿n] d'lSt kfp“5g\ .Æ
æO{Zj/n] df/] kf] eG5g\ af oL t ¤ x}g lg xlu ¤ 3/ cf“ug ;a}lt/ ;kmf
eP t sfn klg v';L eP/ kms{GYof] xf]nf ¤Æ ;'GtnLn] lvTsf 5f8L .
km]l/ d~rdf s]xL dflg; b]lvP . pgLx¿n] cfk"mnfO{ gful/s ;dfh egL
lrgfP . pgLx¿ eGg yfn], ædxfdf/L km}lng'df ;/sf/sf] bf]if 5 .
xfdLn] klxn] g} eg]sf] ;/sf/n] ;'gg] . uf“pdf :j:Yo rf}sL 5}g . cf}ifwL
5}g . :jf:YosdL{ 5}gg\ . clg dxfdf/L km}lnb}g t < ca xfdL ;a} ldn]/
;/sf/nfO{ ;r]t u/fpg'k5{ .Æ
æcfunfuL em'k8L 8]9 38L eb«f eg] h:tf] . ufp“df dflg; ;f]Q/ 5g\ .
3f6 k'¥ofpg] ls c:ktfn eGg] lrGtf 5 . oL ;/sf/nfO{ bf]if lbG5g\ .
;/sf/n] /f]u nfOlbPsf] xf] < cfk"mn] ;Sg] sfd t cfk}m“ ug'k{ 5{ .
logLx¿n] la/fdL af]s/] c:ktfn k'¥ofP x'Gg <Æ k"/f s'/f g} g;'gL
;fGgfgL hª\luO{ .
gf6s k'gM cl3 a9\of] . d~rdf ljleGg gfdsf ;fd'bflos ;+:yf Jofg/
lnP/ cfP . sf]xL :6]r
« / af]s/] cfP . pgLx¿n] la/fdLnfO{ af]s/] lx“8] .
ToxL a]nf Ps hgf j[4sf] d[To' eof] . ?jfjf;L klg rNof] . s]xL nf;nfO{
3f6 n}hfg] t/v/df nfu] . ;+:yfdf :jf:YosdL{ klg /x]5g\ Sof/] ¤
pgLx¿n] la/fdLnfO{ cf}ifwL klg lbP . s]xL rflx“ 3/ cf“ug, af6f] ;kmf
ug{ nfu] . s;}n] la/fdLsf] n'uf km]l/lbP . sf]xL pgLx¿nfO{ vfgf kfgL
lbg yfn] .
46 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 æo;f] kf] ug'k{ 5{ dfG5]n] ¤ oL efOalxgL slt 1fgL /x]5g\ xlu ¤Æ
;'GtnLn] cf“vfsf] sf]; k'5b\ } egL . pm t leqleq} eSsflg;s]sL /lx5 .
gf6s cGTolt/ k'Uof] . :s'n k9\g] Ps 5fqf / 5fq b]lvP . pgLx¿n]
eGg yfn], æbz{s j[Gb ¤ gf6s x]l/xfNg'eof] ¤ xfd|f] ;'Gb/k'/ ufp“nfO{
dxfdf/Ln] RofKof] . cfkt k¥of] . cfktaf6 ufp“nfO{ arfpg g]tf,
;dfh;]jL, ;ª\;:+ yfn] s]s] eg] < s] s] u/] < ;'lgxfNg'eof] . xfd|f+ ] ljrf/
df t dxfdf/L xfdLn] g} lgDTofpg] u/]sf 5f}“ . xfd|f] vfgkfg, ;/;kmfO
cflbsf sf/0f dxfdf/L km}lnG5 . cfktdf t c¿n] ;xof]u unf{g\ . cfkt
cfpg} glbg xfdL g} cl3 ;g'k{ 5{ . xfdL g} ;r]t aGg'k5{ . dxfdf/L nfUg}
g;Sg] u/L clt ;'Gb/k'/ agfpg'k5{ . xfd|f] o; cleofgdf s;n]
;xof]u ug'x{ G' 5 <Æ
;'GtnL / ;fGgfgLsf xft ;“u} p7] . ;a} bz{s pgLx¿nfO{ g} x]l//x]sf
lyP .
ca eGg'xf];\ t M
 gf6sdf ;aeGbf /fd|f] e"ldsf s;n] lgjf{x u/] < lsg <

 gf6sdf aLraLrdf ;'GtnL / ;fGgfgLn] s]s] eg] < pgLx¿n] eg]sf

s'/fdf tkfO{“ ;xdt x'gx' G' 5 < lsg <
 dxfdf/L km}n/ ] tkfO{s
“ f] ufp“ klg b'uG{ wk'/ h:t} aGnf lg ¤ o;nfO{
/f]Sg tkfO{“ s]s] ug'x{ G' 5 <
 tkfO{s“ f] ufp“df klg dxfd/L k}mlnO{ g} xfNof] eg] s] ug'x{ G' 5 <
;fyLefO;“u 5nkmn u/]/ eGg'xf];\ .

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 47
kf7 !$ cfkt\sfnsf] l;sfO

ca xfdLn]
s;/L k9\g]
xf]nf <Æ

dflysf] lrq x]gx{' f];\ t . oL b'O{ afnaflnsf s:tf] cfkt\df 5g\ < x'g t
oL ;a} cfkt Ps} rf]6L kb}g{ g\ . t/ oL s'g} cfkt\ cfOk/] s] xf]nf
xfdLnfO{ < cl:t uPsf] e'Or “ fnf]n] xfd|f] ljBfno eTsfof] . 7"nf] Iflt t
ePg . t/ s'g} lbg 7"nf] Iflt x'g klg ;S5 lg ¤ cfh o;} af/]df
5nkmn u/f}“ x} .

48 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 e'Or
“ fnf]n] ufx|f] rls{Psf] ejgleq lzIfs kbdk|;fbn] 5nkmn ;'?
u/] . æo:tf] eof] eg] t s;/L k9\g] lg ;/ <Æ zzLsnf af]lng\ .
o:tf] eP klg k9\gk' 5{ lg ¤ lzIff t hLjgsf] cf“vf xf] lg ¤ hLjgdf
cfkt\sfn klg cfOnfU5 . h:tf] ;'s} cfkt\ k/] klg k9\g 5f8\gx' G' g .
æcfkt\sfn eg]sf] s] xf] lg ;/ <Æ
cfkt\sfn eg]sf] ;dfhsf] ;fdfGo cj:yf uDeL/ ¿kdf lau|s ] f] l:ylt
xf] . o;df dfgjLo, ef}lts / jftfj/0fLo x«f; ePsf] x'G5 . of] PSsfl;
jf la:tf/} cfpg ;S5 . cfkt\sfn k|fs[lts jf dfG5]sf sf/0fn] 36]sf]
7"nf] 36gf xf] . o;df dfG5]n] cfÇgf ;|ft] sf] cfwf/df af“Rg ;Sg] Ifdtf
u'dfp“5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf :yfgLo ;|ft] / ;fwg ck'u x'G5 . aflx/L
;xof]u / p4f/sf] cfjZostf x'G5 . x]/ t e'Or “ fnf] cfp“bf /d]zsf
lstfa 3/df k'l/P . ca c¿n] lbg' k/]g t <
æ Tof] t kl/xfN5 lg ¤Æ
af9L cfp“bf 3/, ljBfno, k9\g] ;fdu|L ;a} gi6 x'g ;S5g\ . e"sDk
cfp“bf klg oxL cj:yf x'G5 . cfunfuLn] t cem ljeT; ¿k lng
;S5 . dxfdf/Laf6 klg aRrfsf] cf>o u'Dg ;S5 . o'4sf] l:ylt cem
eofjx x'G5 . oL ;a} kl/l:yltdf afnaflnsf z/Ll/s ;ª\s6 /
dfgl;s tgfa x'g ;S5g\ . o;dfly cfly{s ;fdflhs ;ª\s6 klg
ylkG5g\ .
æxfd|} :s'n b]v/] dnfO{ t k9\g dg nfUof 5}g . emg\ 7"nf] cfkt\ cfp“bf
s;/L k9\g] < s;/L l;Sg ;lsG5 <Æ gLtfn] elgg\

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 49
cfkt\sfndf l;Sg d"n ¿kdf xfdLnfO{ tLg ;Lk rflxG5g\ . xfdL hxf“
a:5f}“ ToxL l;Sg ;Sg'k5{ . ;'/lIft x'g,] JolStut ;/;kmfO / /f]uaf6
aRg], cfktdf k/]sf ;a};u“ ;dfg efj /fVg] / cfÇgf] jftfj/0f ;'/lIft
/fVg] 1fg tyf ;Lk o;df k5{g\ . cfkt\sfndf l;sfOsf nflu c:yfoL
l;sfO:yn agfpg'k5{ . / o:tf] l;sfO :yndf ;a} ldn]/ pko'St
jftfj/0f l;h{gf u/L lbg'k5{ .
æcfkt\ljkt\sf] cj:yfdf clxn] h:t} u/L k9\g ;lsG5 t, u'? <Æ >]ofn]
lh1f;f /fvL .
xf], o:tf a]nfdf ;w“s
} f] eGbf c¿ s'/f klg l;Sg'k5{ . ;a};u“ ldNg],
zfGt eP/ a:g], ;xof]u ug],{ ldn]/ ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ kIf l;sfO
xf]Og / <
lzIfssf] o; s'/fdf ljBfyL{n] ;xdlt hgfP . lzIfsn] k'gM yk],
æcfkt\sfndf afnaflnsfnfO{ sfd u/]s} jf a;]s} 7fp“df l;sfpg
;lsG5 . h:tf] cfÇgf gf]S;fg ePsf ;fdfg uGg nfP/ ul0ft l;sfpg
;lsG5 . cfkt\sf] syf j0f{g u/]/ efiff l;sfpg ;lsG5 . o; cj:yfdf
tTsfn k|fKt ;fdu|Laf6 l;sfpg'k5{ . l;Sgsf nflu ;w}“ kf7\ok':ts g}
rflxG5 eGg] 5}g .Æ
æo:tf] cj:yfdf lstfasf] k9fO ;Sg'kb}g{ t ;/ <Æ
o:tf a]nfdf ljBfno eTs] lau|s
] f x'g ;S5g\ . l;sfO ;fdu|L cJojl:yt
x'g ;S5g\ . afnaflnsf lzlj/, v'nf 7fp“ / vfnL ejgx¿df a;]sf
x'G5g\ . oxL 7fp“df afnaflnsfnfO{ l;sfpg'k5{ . cfkt\df k/]sf

50 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 afnaflnsfsf nflu tTsfnsf nflu c:yfoL k|sl[ tsf] l;sfO jftfj/0f
l;h{gf ug'k{ 5{ .
æo:tf] a]nfdf lrGtf / tgfj ePsf] x'G5 . l;sfOdf dg} hf“bg} . clg
s;/L l;Sg] <Æ bfgLgfnn] z+sf u/] .
æxf], 7Ls eGof} . cfkt sfndf l;sfOdf dg hfb}g . cfktsf] kL8fnfO{
e'nfpg l;sfOnfO{ sfd;“u hf]8g\ k' 5{ . xfdLn]] vf“bf, a:bf, ukm ubf{ g}
l;Sg ;S5f} .Æ d Pp6f syf ;'gfp“5' x} t .
hfkfgsf] Pp6f :s'nsf ljBfyL{ ul0ft k9\g dg ub}g{ y] . To; ljBfnon]
ul0ft k9fpg Ps ;] Ps lzIfs lemsfof] . s;}n] l;sfpg ;s]gg\ .
cGTodf Pshgf lzIfsn] sIffdf k;]/ eg], æefOalxgLx¿ cfh xfdL
ul0ft gk9\g] . ;a} v]Ng hfcf}“ lx“8 .Æ pgn] glhs}sf] hª\undf nu]/
r/f, d[u, k'tnL b]vfP . lrq agfpg klg nufP . lrqdf cf“vf, v'66\ f,
kv]6f cflb ldnfpg nufP . w]/} a]/ hª\un 8'Nbf ef]s nfUof] . ToxL
a]nf Ps ;'Gtnf Jofkf/L ;'Gtnf a]Rg cfP5 . ljBfyL{n] ;'Gtnf vfg]
ljrf/ u/] . lzIfsn] eg], æn, ltdLx¿ slt hgf 5f} ug . clg b'O{ b'O{
bfgf ;'Gtnf k'Ug] u/L lsg . slt k};f rflxG5, dnfO{ eg .Æ of] ;'Gg]
lalQs} Ps ljBfyL{n] eGof], æefu, efu ¤ of] ;/n] klg ul0ft k9fpg
yfNg'eof] .Æ
o; syfdf ul0ft l;sfPsf] 5}g t < clg g]kfnL < lj1fg klg 5 lg <
;fdflhs < of] klg 5 . x}g t <
;a} ljBfyL{ xf“;] .

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 51
kf7 !% sf]zLsf] af9L
d]xLnfn d:t lgGb|fdf lyof] . p;sf afa'n] p;nfO{ b'a} xftn] tfg]/
p7fP . pm em:s]/ p7\of] . afa'n] cflQb} eg], æsf]zLsf] af9L ufp“df k:of] .
t'?Gt} efUg'k5{ . l56f] p7 .Æ
p;sf afa'n] p;nfO{ prfn]/ sf“wdf /fv] . afa'sf] sDd/;Dd kfgL lyof] .
alxgLnfO{ cfdfn] af]ss] L lyOg\ . afa'n] cfdfsf] xft ;dft]sf lyP .
pgLx¿ lgy'S| s leh]/ ;8\sdf cfOk'u] . blIf0ftk{m /fhdfu{ l5rf]n/] e]n
alu/x]sf] lyof] . jl/kl/ dflg;sf] eL8 lyof] . sf]xL ¿“b} lyP . sf]xL
lrRofp“b} lyP . 7"nf dflg;x¿ /f]Psf] ;'g/] ;fgf s]6fs]6Lx¿ lrRofO
lrRofO /f]O/x]sf lyP .

52 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 d]xLnfnn] k'nS' s a'afsf] d'vdf xf]¥of] . a'af 6'jm'| Ss a;]sf lyP . pgL
r'krfk af9Lsf] d"n eª\ufnf]tk{m x]l//x]sf lyP . ;fgf s]6fs]6Lx¿
pgsf cfdfa'afsf] 9f8df sfvdf rkSs 6f“l;P/ a;]sf lyP . pgLx¿sf]
cg'xf/df 8/qf; lyof] . d]xLnfnnfO{ egGg l/+u6f nfUof] . p;nfO{
jfSjfsL cfpnf h:tf] eof] . pm a'afsf] ce}m glhs uof] / 6f“l;P/
a:of] . p;sL alxgL cfdfsf] sfvdf rkSs 6f“l;P/ a;]sL lyO{ .
af9Lsf] cfjfh / dflg;sf] sNofª\dNofª\n] a]nfa]nfdf em;ª\u x'GYoL .
olQs}df b'O{ tLghgf dflg;sf] ;d"x cfP/ pgLx¿sf] ljj/0f lnP .
/fhdfu{ 5]p5fpsf] vfnL 7fp“df 5fk|fx¿ ag] . s]xL dflg;x¿nfO{
ljBfno / ;fd'bflos ejgdf /flvof] . pgLx¿ Pp6f af“;sf] 5fk|fd] f
a:g yfn] . aLrsf] Pp6f 5fk|fd] f k9\g] k9fpg] sfd ;'? ul/of] .
zLn'jtL ufp“s} k|fylds lzIfs x'g\ . pgL af9Laf6 lj:yflkt eP/ of]
c:yfoL c>o:yndf a:g cfPsL lyOg\ . pgn] s]6fs]6Lx¿nfO{ afnsyfx¿
;'gfOg\ . ;d"xdf v]n v]nfOg\ . ljleGg ;ª\3;+:yfx¿n] afn cWoog
;fdu|Lx¿ ljt/0f u/]sf lyP . tL ;fdu|Lsf lrq x]g{ / lrGg nufOg\ .
lrqdf /ª eg{ nufOg\ . lrq sf]g{ nufOg\ . xfdL lsg oxf“ a:g cfpg'
k/]sf] < af9L lsg cfPsf] < eGg] h:tf k|Zgx¿ ;f]w/] pQ/ lbg nufOg\
s'/fsfgL ul/g\ . s]6fs]6Lx¿ pgL;“u e\moflDdb} uP . 8/qf; sd x'b“ }
uof] . gof“ 7fp“df klg pgLx¿ /dfp“b} hfg yfn] . pgLx¿sf cg'xf/df
pHofnf] / v';L b]lvof] .
csf{] sIffdf %–^ jif{bl] v !)–!! jif{;Ddsf s]6ss]6Lx¿ /flvPsf
lyP . u'?n] pgLx¿nfO{ ljleGg v]nx¿ v]nfpg'eof] . /dfOnf syfsf
k':ts lbg'eof] . Toxf“ 3/kl/jf/ / ;fyLefO;“usf] ldqtf;DaGwL syf
cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 53
lyP . cfkt\ljkt\ k/]sf] a]nfdf a'l4 k'¥ofP/ sfd u/]sf] Psn] csf{n] fO{
;xof]u u/]sf] syfx¿ lyP . u'?n] pgLx¿nfO{ 5fk|fx¿df dflg;
s;/L a;]sf 5g\ 3'd/] x]g{ eg] . pgLx¿sf ;d:ofx¿ s] s] /x]5g\ .
;f]w/] cfpg cx|fP . pgLx¿ a;]sf] 7fp“ ;kmf;'U3/ 5 5}g cjnf]sg ug{
eg] . d]xLnfnn] klg oL ;a}df ;lj|motfk"js { efu lnof] . p;nfO{ lrGtf
/ tgfj sd x'b“ } uPsf] dx;'; eof] .
csf{] sIffdf d]xLnfneGbf a9L pd]/sf lszf]/lszf]/Lx¿nfO{ /flvPsf]
lyof] . pgLx¿n] klg uLt ufP, gfr], lrq agfP . k':tssf syf sljtf
/ lgaGwx¿ k9] . u'?n] Pslbg ljklQ s;/L cfOk5{ < ljklQ cfpg

54 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff
 glbg s] ug'{ k5{ < ljklQ cfOk/]df To;sf] ;fdgf s;/L ug'k{ 5{ < eGg]
af/]df af]Ng nufpg'eof] .
k'nlst bf;n] p7]/ eg], æKof/f ;fyLx¿ ¤ cfh xfdL k|fs[lts ljklQsf]
df/df k/]sf 5f}“ . o;df xfd|f] klg s]xL ulNt, sdhf]/L 5 . af“w k'm6\of]
eg] xfd|f] ufp“ aufp“5 eGg]df xfdLn] klxn] g} xf];\ ug'k{ Yof{] . af“w alnof]
5 5}g eg]/ a]nfa]nfdf x]g{' kYof{] . af9L klx/f] cfpg'sf] sf/0f jghª\un
/ af]6lj?jfsf] ljgfz klg xf] . af“;3f/L ePsf] 6f]ndf w]/} s6fg ePsf]
5}g . sf“;3f/Ln] klg 3/v]t gf]S;fg x'gaf6 w]/} hf]ufPsf] 5 . jl/kl/
l;;f}, cf“k, gl/jn, ;'kf/L cflb af]6lj?jf ePsf] 3/df sd gf]S;fg
k'us
] f] 5 .Æ
cfkt\ k/]sf] a]nfdf cflQP/ x'b“ g} . /f]P/, s/fP/ klg ;d:of ;dfwfg
x'b“ g} . cfkt\ ljkt\ cfOgnfuf];\ eg]/ k"j{ ;fjwfgL ckgfpg' kb{5 .
;d:of cfO g} k/]kl5 ;fjwfgLk"js { ;fdgf ug'k{ b{5 / ;dfwfg klg
vf]Hg' kb{5 .
k'nlst bf;sf] af]Ng] kfnf] ;lsof] . casf] af]Ng] kfnf] kmf/fx vft'gsf]
lyof] . pgn] p7]/ elgg\ –
k'nlstsf] egfOdf d ;xdt 5' . k|fs[lts ljklQaf6 ;+;f/sf w]/}
dflg;x¿ kLl8t x'G5g\ . cfh xfdL kLl8t eof}“ . ljZjsf w]/} 7fp“df
e'Or
“ fnf] cfP/ ljgfz u/]sf] xfdLn] ;'gs
] f 5f}“ . ;d'bL| lsgf/sf b]z /
;x/x¿df ;'gfdL cfp“5 . ;d'bL| cf“wL cfp“5 . oL t dflg;n] rfx]/
cfpg] / grfx]/ gcfpg] xf]Ogg\ . o:tf ljklQx¿sf] ;fdgf ug'k{ 5{ .
o;af6 x'g] xflg gf]S;fgLaf6 a“Rg] tl/sf ckgfpg' kb{5 . k"j{ tof/L

cfkt\sfnLg lzIff 55
ug'{ kb{5 . dflg;x¿nfO{ ;r]t agfpg' kb{5 . af9L cfpg] ;Defjgfsf
af/]df xfdL klxn] g} ;r]t gePs} xf}“ . a]nd} f Wofg lbPsf] eP af“w k'm6\g
gkfp“b} dd{t ug{ ;lsGYof] . cflv/ gf]S;fg t xfd|} eof] lg . o;n]
xfdLnfO{ gof“ kf7 l;sfPsf] 5 . cfÇgf] ;'/Iffsf nflu cfk}m“ n] sfd
ug'k{ 5{ eGg] lzIff k|fKt ePsf] 5 . af9L, klx/f], cfunfuLsf 36gfsf]
k"0f{ lgd"n{ t gxf]nf t/ To:tf 36gf x'g] ;DefjgfnfO{ sd ug{ t kSs}
klg ;lsG5 .
ljBfyL{n] af]ns ] f] c¿ ;fyL / u'¿n] klg Wofg lbP/ ;'lg/x]sf lyP .
pgLx¿sf] ts{, af]Ng] Ifdtf / cfTd ljZjf; b]v/] u'? lgs} v';L
x'ge' of] . ljBfyL{x¿ klg v';L b]lvP .

56 cfkt\sfnLg lzIff