Wet Gas Compressor

1. Why compressor is required?

2. What is the nitrogen pressure?
3. What is buffer gas pressure?
4. What is purpose of buffer gas?
5. What is the meaning of separation gas?
6. What is differential pressure?
7. Why lube oil circulation is required?
8. What is the control oil pressure?
9. What is the control oil bladder?
10. Why hydraulic amplifier is required?
11. Why lube oil O/H tank is required?
12. Why lube oil pressure is required?
13. Why lube oil cooler is required?
14. Why type of control valve is provided in cooler bypass?
15. If lube oil temp. is less than 30 C then how we will increase the temp.?
16. Which type of pump is provided for lube oil circulation?
17. What is the minimum lube oil and control oil pressure?
18. How many impellers are there in WGC?
19. How many bearings in WGC?
20. Why is bearing is required?
21. How many seals are there in WGC ?
22. Why seal is required?
23. What are lube oil tests ?
24. How you can know lube oil is leaking?
25. Why N2 is required in reservoir oil tank?
26. Why inter stage condenser is required?
27. Why hydrocarbon and water are not separated in interstage receiver?
28. What is the purpose of wash water injection?
29. What is the compressor strainer Del P?
30. What is TTV ? Why is required?
31. What is barring gear?
32. What is trip speed of WGC?
33. What is critical speed?
34. Which type of coupling is provided in WGC?
35. Which causes compressors to trip?
36. Why warm up is required?
37. What is the purpose of gland condenser?
38. What is the steam temp. and pressure?
39. What is the molecular weight required for WGC?
40. What is governor? How it is operated?
41. Why mechanical trip is provided?
42. What is pressure relief valve? Where is it?
Answers:
1. C1 and C2 are non condensable gases. So with increase in main column pressure LPG and other
heavier components condenses.So, to separate them from LPG Wet Gas Compressor is required.
Absorption occurs at high pressures and low temp..So, to maximize LPG pressure of gas required is
more.So, WGC is required.
2 Nitrogen pressure in lube oil tank :- 4.6 kg/cm 2
Nitrogen pressure in supply header :- 7 kg/cm2

3. Buffer gas supply pressure :- 6.8 kg/cm2

4. The buffer gas is used for sealing purpose. It prevents leakage of hydrocarbon from casing to

atmosphere.
5. Nitrogen is used as separation gas. I t separates the lube oil and hydrocarbon. It is applied near
bearings.
6. The differential pressure is the difference in pressure between two points.
7. Lube oil circulation is required for following purposes.
 It removes heat produced and keeps the rotating parts in cool condition.
 It avoids the friction between the moving and stationary parts.
 It gives smooth movement to moving parts.
Due to this lube oil temp. also increases.So, that it is sent back to lube oil tank and then cooled in cooler
and then supplied to the bearings.
8. Control oil pressure :- 13.5 kg/cm2
It is used in
 Hydraulic amplifier
 TTV
 Emergency Governor
 Bladder
 Steam Turbine Governor
 oil relief valve & solenoid(it is normally closed)
9. Accumulator contains Nitrogen bladder. Initially the oil is accumulated due to control oil pressure.
When the control oil pressure decreases then Nitrogen creates pressure . so, the control oil from
accumulator is supplied.
10. The hydraulic amplifier converts the electrical signals into hydraulic pressure for steam turbine
governor.
11. In case of emergency when the lube oil stopped to the compressor at At that time lube oil inlet line to
the rundown tank or overhead tank having an orifice through which the lube oil is directly supplied to the
lube oil supply line and through it to the bearings.
12. If the lube oil pressure is high then it can increase the vibration of the shaft. If it is low then it indicates

improper lubrication.

13. Lube oil inlet to cooler is at about 55 C as it takes heat from the bearing of the compressor. Lube oil
cooler cools the lube oil up to the temp. below 45 C. If the lube oil supply temp. is more then its viscosity
will decrease. So, it will not create proper film between stationary and moving parts which will minimize
the friction.
14. The TCV(temp. control valve) is provided at the lube oil cooler bypass If lube oil temp. after cooler is
less than required then TCV will open And bypass the lube oil. If lube oil temp. after cooler is higher than
required then TCV will close. So, more oil will pass through cooler.
15. If the lube oil temp. is lower than 30 C ,for that purpose an electrical Heater is provided.
16. There are two pumps for lube oil circulation.
 MOP :- main oil pump (MP steam turbine driven)
 AOP :- auxilliary oil pump (auto) . It will start when the lube oil pressure is less than 0.8 kg/cm2.If the
control oil pressure is less than 11 kg/cm2 then also it starts.
17. Minimum lube oil pressure – 0.8 kg/cm2
Minimum control oil pressure – 11 kg/cm2
18. There are seven impellers in WGC. Which are close type impellers.
19. There are two types of bearings in WGC
 Thrust bearing :- 2
 Journal bearing :- 4
20. Thrust bearing;- It is used to prevent axial motion of the rotating shaft There by maintaining its
axial position of the rotor. Assembly within the compressor
Journal bearing :- It is used to support the rotor load in steady state and to control the rotor
position.
21. There total 4 seals in WGC 2 labyrinth type and 2 dry gas seal.
22. The seal is required to prevent the leakage of hydrocarbon in the atmosphere.
23. Lube oil tests:
 viscosity
 copper test( corrosion and acidity)
 moisture
 wear particle (value of oxidation)
24. Decrease in lube oil pressure From compressor base plate
25. It removes any moisture, dust, corrosive gases to the atmosphere by preventing their contact with oil.
25. In compressor power required for adiabatic compression is greater Than the power required for
isothermal ( constant temp.) compression So, to keep process isothermal as far as possible inter stage
coolers are necessary.
26. Water and Hydrocarbon doesn’t get separated in inter stage drum due very low retention time

27. Wash water is injected in 1st stage discharge to dissolve salts such as ammonium choride.
28. For C01 first stage suction strainer delta P 204.2 mm WC
For C51 second stage suction strainer delta p 102.6 mm WC
29. TTV means trip and throttle valve
It is having spring action due to control oil pressure. If control oil pressure decreases then spring will loose
tension and it will close cut off the steam supply to the governor and the compressor trips,
30. Barring gear is provided to run the shaft at 4rpm so that to provide unif uniform sagging and
expansion of the shaft.

31. Trip speed of WGC is 5325 rpm

32. This is the speed at which shaft vibration is more and can damage the Shaft.
33. In WGC coupling is flexible diaphragm type and does not need lubrication.

34. Compressor will trip in following circumstances.

 low suction flow
 Liquid level in compressor suction drum high
 Low lube oil or control oil pressure
 Temp of 1st and 2nd stage discharge increases.
 Liquid level in compressor inter stage drum is high
 Vibration of shaft.

35. Warm up is required to avoid thermal shock and damage.

36. Gland steam condenser is required to condense the steam coming out from governor bottom.

37. HP steam in turbine temp 391 C Pressure 43 kg/cm2

38. Molecular weight of hydrocarbon required for WGC – 42

39. Governor is a devise that controls the flow of steam to the turbine at a desired value without hunting.

40. Mechanical trip is provided to trip the compressor by push button in case of emergency.

41. Control oil pressure is 13.5 kg/cm2. It is supplied to TTV, pressure relief valve, solenoid through main
header. Normally solenoid is closed but when is actuated at that time open solenoid and spring tension of
pressure relief valve is going in upward direction and at that time control oil from TTV is depressurised
and going to reservoir through the PRV .