ID : in-10-Polynomials [1]

Class 10
Polynomials
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Answer the questions

(1) If α and β are the zeros of quadratic polynomial x 2 + px + 2q, find the value of α2 + β2.

1 1
(2) If a and b are the zeros of quadratic polynomial x 2 + 2px + q, find the value of + .
a b

(3) If α and β are the zeros of quadratic polynomial x2 + 3x - 4, find the value of α3 + β3.

(4) Find the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 - 12x2 + 47x - 60, if it is given that sum of its two zeros is 9.
(5) Find the quadratic polynomial such that sum of its zeros is 10 and difference between zeros is 8.

(6) Find a quadratic polynomial whose zeros are reciprocals of the zeros of the polynomial x2 + 7x + 12.

(7) If two zeros of polynomial x 3 + bx2 + cx + d are 3+√3 and 3-√3, find its third zero.

(8) If α and β are the zeros of polynomial x2 - 6x + k, such that α2 + β2 = 20. Find the value of k.

(9) If α and β are the zeros of quadratic polynomial x2 - 4x - 5, find the value of 1/α 3 + 1/β 3.

(10) Find the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 - 21x2 + 143x - 315, if it is given that the zeros are in
arithmetic progression.

(11) If α and β are the zeros of polynomial x2 - 7x + k, such that α - β = 3. Find the value of k.

(12) If α and β are the zeros of polynomial x2 - x - 2, find a polynomial whose zeros are α 2/β2 and β2/α2.

(13) If α and β are the zeros of polynomial x2 + 3x - 4, find a polynomial whose zeros are 3α+1 and 3β+1.

(14) Find the zeros of the polynomial f(x) = x3 - 2x2 - 25x + 50, if it is given that two of its zeros are equal in
magnitude but opposite in sign.

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [2]

Answers

(1) p2 - 4q

Step 1
Sum of zeros = α + β = -(p/1) = -p

Step 2
Product of zeros = αβ = 2p/1 = 2q

Step 3

α2 + β2 = (α + β) 2 - 2αβ = (-p)2 - 2(2q)

Step 4

α2 + β2 = p2 - 4q

-2p
(2)
q

Step 1
2p
Since, sum of zeros = a + b = - = -2p
1

Step 2
q
Since, product of zeros = ab = =q
1

Step 3
1 1 a+b -2p
Therefore, + = = .
a b ab q

(3) -63

Step 1
Sum of zeros = α + β = -(3/1) = -3

Step 2
Product of zeros = αβ = -4/1 = -4

Step 3

α3 + β3 = (α + β) 3 - 3αβ(α+β) = (-3)3 - 3(-4)(-3) = -63

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [3]
(4) 4, 5 and 3

Step 1
Let α, β and γ be the zeros of polynomial

Step 2
α+β=9

Step 3
α + β + γ = 12

Step 4
γ = 12 - 9 = 3

Step 5
Product of zeros = αβγ = 60

Step 6
αβ = 60/3 = 20

Step 7
α (9 - α) = 20

Step 8

9α - α2 = 20

Step 9

α2 - 9α + 20 = 0

Step 10
(α - 4) (α - 5) = 0

Step 11
α = 4 or 5

Step 12
β = (9 - 4) = 5 or (9 - 5) = 4

Step 13
Hence zeros are 4, 5 and 3

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [4]

(5) k [x2 - 10x + 9]

Step 1
Let α and β be the zeros of the required polynomial

Step 2
Sum of zeros α + β = 10

Step 3
Difference of zeros α - β = 8

Step 4

(α + β) 2 - (α - β) 2 = 4αβ

Step 5

(10)2 - (8) 2 = 4αβ

Step 6
36 = 4αβ

Step 7
αβ = 36/4 = 9

Step 8

Required polynomial will be k [x 2 - (α + β)x + αβ] = k [ x2 - 10x + 9]

(k is a constant)

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [5]

(6)

Step 1

Let α and β be the zeros of polynomial x2 + 7x + 12

Step 2
Sum of zeros α + β = -(7/1) = -7

Step 3
Product of zeros αβ = (12/1) = 12

Step 4
Let S and P respectively be the sum and products of zeros of the required polynomial

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Required polynomial will be k [x 2 - Sx + P] =

(k is a constant)

(7) -b - 6

Step 1
Let third zero be x

Step 2
Sum of zeros = -b/1 = -b

Step 3
(3+√3) + (3-√3) + x = -b

Step 4
6 + x = -b

Step 5
x = -b - 6

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [6]
(8) 8

Step 1
Sum of zeros α + β = -(-6/1) = 6

Step 2
Product of zeros αβ = (k/1) = k

Step 3

(α + β) 2 = (6)2

Step 4

(α2 + β2) + 2αβ = 36

Step 5
20 + 2k = 36

Step 6
2k = 16

Step 7
k=8

(9) -124/125

Step 1
Sum of zeros = α + β = -(-4/1) = 4

Step 2
Product of zeros = αβ = -5/1 = -5

Step 3

= -124/125

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [7]
(10) 5, 7 and 9

Step 1
Let α = (a - d), β = a and γ = (a + d) be the zeros of polynomial

Step 2
α + β + γ = 21

Step 3
(a - d) + a + (a + d) = 21

Step 4
3a = 21

Step 5
a = 21/3 = 7

Step 6
Product of zeros = αβγ = 315

Step 7
(a - d)(a)(a + d) = 315

Step 8

a(a2 - d 2) = 315

Step 9

7(72 - d 2) = 315

Step 10

72 - d 2 = 315/7 = 45

Step 11

d2 = 4

Step 12
d = 2 or - 2

Step 13
Hence zeros are (7 - 2), 7 and (7 + 2) => 5, 7 and 9
OR
(7 + 2), 7 and (7 - 2) => 9, 7 and 5

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [8]
(11) 10

Step 1
Sum of zeros α + β = -(-7/1) = 7

Step 2
Product of zeros αβ = (k/1) = k

Step 3

(α - β) 2 = (3)2

Step 4

(α + β) 2 - 4αβ = 9

Step 5

(7)2 - 4k = 9

Step 6

(7)2 - 4k = 9

Step 7
49 - 4k = 9

Step 8
4k = 40

Step 9
k = 40/4 = 10

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [9]

(12)

Step 1
Sum of zeros α + β = -(-1/1) = 1

Step 2
Product of zeros αβ = (-2/1) = -2

Step 3
Let S and P respectively be the sum and products of zeros of the required polynomial

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

P = (α2/β2) (β 2/α2) = 1

Step 7

Required polynomial will be k [x 2 - Sx + P] =

(k is a constant)

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [10]

(13) k [x2 + 7x - 44]

Step 1
Sum of zeros α + β = -(3/1) = -3

Step 2
Product of zeros αβ = (-4/1) = -4

Step 3
Let S and P respectively be the sum and products of zeros of the required polynomial

Step 4
S = 3α + 1 + 3β + 1 = 3(α + β) + 2(1)

Step 5
S = 3(-3) + 2(1) = -7

Step 6
P = (3α + 1) (3β + 1) = 9αβ + 3α + 3β + 1 = 9αβ + 3(α + β) + 1

Step 7
P = 9 × -4 + 3 × -3 + 1 = -44

Step 8

Required polynomial will be k [x 2 - Sx +P] = k [x2 + 7x - 44]

(k is a constant)

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 ID : in-10-Polynomials [11]
(14) 5, -5 and 2

Step 1
Let α, β and γ be the zeros of polynomial

Step 2
It is given than β = -α

Step 3
α+β+γ=2

Step 4
α + (-α) + γ = 2

Step 5
γ=2

Step 6
Product of zeros = αβγ = -50

Step 7
(α)(-α)(2) = -50

Step 8

α2 = -50/(-2) = 25

Step 9
α = 5 or -5

Step 10
β = -5 or 5

Step 11
Hence zeros are 5, -5 and 2

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