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Euder
Buckling".
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2. Definition of the Finite Element Model
q 2.1. Definition of Geometry
First of all from " Geometry> Curve - Line> Coordinates " we define the centerline of the beam between the coordinates (0,0,0) and (10,0,0). We will
work in the international unit system (SI), with loads in Newton (N), length in meters (m) and tension in Pascal (Pa, N / m2).
In " Curve Mesh Attributes " click on the button to create a new property and assign it to the curve-longitudinal axis of the beam:
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In the next window " Define Property - PLATE Element Type " click on the " Element / Property Type ... " button and select the type of element
" BAR " that in NX Nastran corresponds to the element CBAR:
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A window appears with all the fields blank to enter the properties of the BAR element. First of all I recommend entering a title, for example
" Rectangular Beam (0.1mx0.02m) ", and instead of entering the numerical values "by hand" we will let FEMAP calculate them using a section of
the profile library, for which click on the " Shape " button :
Unfold the " Shape " button and select the type of section " Rectangular Bar " and enter the dimensions of the section " Height = 0.1 " and " Width =
0.02 ". Another thing I like to do is to define the Y-axis vertically as the main axis of inertia of the section by clicking on " Up " in the " Orientation
Direction (Y)" field . Press OK:
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And in the following image we see that FEMAP fills all the fields with the inertial properties of the previously introduced section. We see that they
correspond perfectly with the values of the problem statement. If we click OK button we see that FEMAP forces us to assign a material next to the
properties of the element, it is a good method so that we do not forget to assign a material to the element, so we click on the button to define a
new material:
We put the properties of the material, which by their values I see that it is Aluminum. I like to put in the title of the material the name and the system
of units in which the properties of the material are defined, so if someone opens the model, it will be clear what material it is and its units simply by
title:
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Next we press OK in the window " Define Material - ISOTROPIC ", again OK in the window " Define Property - BAR Element Type ", and we return
to the original window of " Curve Mesh Attributes " in which in the field " Property" we select the previously defined property. In this window we have
numerous options that will allow us to define the orientation of the beam by means of a vector or the position of a point, the " OFFSET End-A / End-
B " of the same or the " END RELEASE CODES End-A / End -B "which is a method to release degrees of freedom from the end nodes of a
beam.Orient Using - Vector "and press OK :
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A window appears requesting the definition of a vector, for example we use " Base (0,0,0) " and " Tip (0,1,0) ", in this way we are orienting the main
axis of inertia of the section ( local Y-axis) of the beam that is parallel to the Y-axis of the Cartesian global coordinate system " 0. Basic
Rectangular "
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To see the beam represented in 3D with its cross section go to " F6> Labels, Entities and Colors> Element - Orientation / Shape> 3 ... Show Cross
Section> OK " and you will see something similar to the following image:
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Repeat again from " Model> Constraint> Nodal ", select the node # 11 located at the right end of the beam and define the roller support by making
TY = TZ = 0 leaving free the displacement in the direction of the X-axis:
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3. Definition of the Linear Buckling Analysis
From " Model> Analysis> Analysis Set Manager> New " we created the Linear Buckling analysis " 7..Buckling " with the NX Nastran solver and
requested the calculation of the first five buckling modes of the beam using the Lanczos Own Value Extraction Method:
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4. Post-processing of Results
The following list shows the results of the file * .F06 of the result output gnerated by the NX Nastran solver with the first five bending modes of the
beam. The value of the first buckling mode (" eigenvalue ") is λ 1 = 0.4672 for a value of the applied load FX = -1000 N. Therefore, the value of the
first buckling mode of the beam will be equal to:
REALEIGENVALUES
MODE EXTRACTION EIGENVALUE RADIANS CYCLES GENERALIZED
GENERALIZED
DO NOT. ORDER MASS STIFFNESS
1 1 4.671651E-01 6.834948E-01 1.087816E-01 4.934667E + 02 2.305304E + 02
2 2 1.868976E + 00 1.367105E + 00 2.175815E-01 2.181378E + 03 4.076942E + 03
3 3 4.208506E + 00 2.051464E + 00 3.265007E-01 4.431846E + 03 1.865145E + 04
4 4 7.497434E + 00 2.738144E + 00 4.357892E-01 4.973294E + 03 3.728694E + 04
5 5 1.168143E + 01 3.417079E + 00 5.438451E-01 4.934653E + 02 5.761913E + 03
Note that the first four buckling modes of the beam develop in the XZ plane, and the first buckling mode in the XY plane is the fifth buckling
mode. Therefore, the lowest buckling load in the XY plane will be equal to:
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Postprocessing of Results in FEMAP
As we approach the higher modes, the shape of the mode becomes less and less smooth. This effect occurs because at equal mesh density, the
higher modes have fewer elements per sine wave buckling than the lower modes. If you are interested in calculating the higher modes, you should
increase the mesh density of the model to follow the general rule of having a minimum of six elements per half sine wave. In any case, the higher
buckling modes are of no interest in real applications.
Greetings,
Blas.
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