HIGH RISE TOPIC 2

Parameters:

-Mixed occupancy state-of-the-art 60 level tower

-Mixed occupancy (Office, Residential, leisure)

Average Floor area of 2300sqm and total area of 59X2300sqm

-Theme “Working From Home”

-Maximum height is 210m and vertical load resisting elements shall not exceed 15% of floor area

-Landscape/community garden provided every 5th level of residential

-NO Internal columns, NO external bracing on façade

PROPOSED LOCATION & SITE ANALYSIS

Southbank Research Outcome

 Second most high-rise dwellers in the City of Melbourne (22%)
 Mostly occupied with residential accommodation (37620 sqm), indoor common area (14885 sqm), and Office
(11190 sqm)
 Residents weekly income > $1000 – 29% (Southbank) and 23% (Melbourne LGA)
 Residents weekly income < $250 – 20% (Southbank) and 26% (Melbourne LGA)
 Central features – Crown Casino, Victorian Arts Centre, Southgate Arts and Leisure Precinct, Melbourne
Exhibition and Convention Centre, etc.

Architectural Qualities
 Accessibility – Pedestrian, trams
 Main Views – Yarra river, Southbank nightlife, Reflective façade
 Activities – Shopping, Cafes, Alleys, Sight-seeing, Office work
 Social Factors – Modern, High status
 Connectivity – Poor interaction between humans and nature
INTERIOR CONNECTIVITY
DESIGN FORM 1
DESIGN FORM 2
DESIGN FORM 3 (PROPOSED)
 DIVISION OF FLOORS
Office
Census of employment and building use in Australia shows an average office has 18.57 sqm per worker. Taking average 2300
sqm per floor and deduct vertical load resisting elements (15%).

Allow 0.75 livable spaces: [2300 – (0.15 * 2300)] * 0.75 = 1466 sqm

Number of workers per floor = 1466 / 19 sqm = 77 persons / floor, hence approximately 900-1000 employee

Residential
Main targets – Young adults (single & couple) and small families (1-2 child/s)

single 1 bedroom apartment (50sqm) , 2 bedrooms apartment (70sqm), 3 bedrooms apartment (95sqm)

Ratio of single bedroom : double bedrooms : triple bedrooms = 10 : 15 : 8

Number of working adults in 2 residential floor = 10 (1) + 15 (2) + 8 (2) = 30 persons per level, hence approximately 900
residents

Ratio of Residential to Office

77 / 30 = 2.6 (rounded to 1.5)

Ratio of residential units to office – 2.6 : 1 (2 levels offices require 5 levels of residential units)

Gardens
5 conceptual gardens proposed

Miscellaneous
Breakdown assumptions for remaining levels
TITANIA TOWER DISTRIBUTION
Office

Maximum Area (L7) 3781 m2

Functions Levels
Residential 27 Minimum Area (L20) 2289 m2
Office 12
Community Garden 5 Residential
Shopping 5 Maximum Area (L60) 2162 m2
Entertainment 1 Minimum Area (L40) 1123 m2
Facilities 3
Structural (M/E) 5
Service 2
Total
Maximum Area 3988 m2
Minimum Area 1123 m2
Division of Floor Levels
2. 3%
5. 8%
Residen al
3. 5%
Office
1. 2%
Community Garden
5. 8% 27. 45% Shopping

Entertainment

5. 9% Facili es

Structural (M/E)

Service
12. 20%
TITANIA TOWER LIFT ARRANGEMENT
TITANIA TOWER TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
TITANIA TOWER TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
TITANIA TOWER TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
TITANIA TOWER TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
TITANIA TOWER TYPICAL FLOOR PLAN
PERSPECTIVE SITE VIEW & SCALE RATIO
 Gravity Load

Timothy & Marcello

Load Paths (Level 22-60)
Load Paths (Level 1-21)
 Design Gravity Loads

Dead Load (G)

 Self Weight of the Building
 Bulk Density of Building: 380 kg/m3
 Imposed Dead Load (AS1170.1)
 Partitions: 1.0 kPa
 Floor Finishes: 0.2 kPa
 Ceiling and Services 0.4 kPa

Live Load (Q) (AS1170.1)

 Residential: 2.0 kPa
 Office: 3.0 kPa
 Shopping: 4.0 kPa
 Garden: 4.0 kPa
 Facilities (e.g: gym and tennis court): 5.0 kPa
 M & E: 5.0 kPa
 Entertainment (Cinema, Ballroom): 5.0 kPa
 Load Combination
Ultimate Limit State:
 1.35 G
 1.2 G + 1.5 Q

Serviceability Limit State:

 G+𝜓𝑠 𝑄
Where 𝜓𝑠 is equal to 0.7

L ive L o ad L o ad L o ad
Dead L o ad (G)
(Q) Co mb inatio n Co mb inatio n
Area Height
L evels Functio n Imp . 1.2G+1.
(sqm) (m) L ive L o ad 1.35G
SW (kPa) DL 5Q G+0.7Q
(kPa) (kPa)
(kPa) (kPa)
52 1524 5.0 Garden 18.6 1.6 5.0 27.3 31.8 23.7
51 1461 3.0 M&E 11.2 1.6 5.0 17.2 22.8 16.3
56 1816 3.3 Residential 12.3 1.6 2.0 18.8 19.7 15.3
29 1465 3.3 Facilities 12.3 1.6 5.0 18.8 24.2 17.4
20 2289 3.5 Office 13.0 1.6 3.0 19.8 22.1 16.7
6 3852 3.5 Entertainment 13.0 1.6 5.0 19.8 25.1 18.1
5 3909 3.5 Shopping 13.0 1.6 4.0 19.8 23.6 17.4
AVERAGE 2107 3.5 13.0 1.6 3.0 19.7 22.0 16.7
M aximum 3988 5.0 18.6 1.6 5.0 27.3 30.3 23.7
M inimum 1123 3.0 11.2 1.6 2.0 17.2 19.7 14.2
 Preliminary Beams and Slabs Dimension
PRIMARY BAND BEAM
Maximum Span
Code Level (m) Size (BxD) (mm) M* (kNm) V*(kN)
BP1 22-60 11 2400 x 500 4483 1630
BP2 21 12.6 2400 x 700 4233.6 672
BP2 12 15.5 2400 x 700 5665.6 1096
BP2 2 17.2 2400 x 700 8227 1435
SECONDARY BAND BEAM
Maximum Span
Level (m) Size (BxD) (mm) M* (kNm) V*(kN)
BS 21 10.4 2400 x 500 1146/-978 801
BS 12 9.4 2400 x 500 481/-1318.11 525.07
BS 2 10.6 2400 x 500 488 / -1858 733
SLAB
Maximum Span
Level (m) Thickness (mm)
S1 21 5.6 200
S1 12 5.6 200
S1 2 5.6 200
The Depth of the beam is calculated using the assumption D: span / 20 or 25
The thickness of slab is calculated using the assumption D: span / 25 or 30
The Width of the beam is assumed 2400 to reduce the slab span 1421 kN 1421 kN
127.4 kN/m

5.4 m 9.4 m 6.9 m 17 m

991 kN 353 kN 1421 kN 1421 kN

1421 kN

BS – lvl 2 IDEALISATION BP2 – lvl 2 IDEALISATION

 Walls/Columns

EXTERNAL SHEAR WALL ( Catch. Area: 198 m2; H:

3.5m)
Level Load (kN) Size (Lxtw) (mm)
21 4368 2000 x 200
12 42700 5830 x 350
2 92800 10150 x 450
INTERNAL SHEAR WALL ( Catch. Area: 93 m2; H: 3.5m)
Level Load (kN) Thickness
21 2032 150
12 20580 200
2 41740 300
The size of the wall is calculated using Simplified Method AS3600
Clause 11.5 considering the functionality of the wall

Level 2 – Structural Floor Plan (Green: Beam; Pink: Shear Wall)

Walls/Columns
Cables/Hangers

Cable 1 Cable 2
Catchment
31.2 m2 98.4 m2
Area
Average
Floor 22 kPa 22 kPa
Pressure ULS
Average
Floor 17.6 kPa 17.6 kPa
Pressure SLS
Applied ULS
5,491 kN 17,318 kN
Load
Applied SLS
4,393 kN 13,855 kN
Load
Area of Steel
Grade 300 18,000 mm2 58,000 mm2
Cable
Truss System
 Truss SPACE GASS Analysis

Deflection Limit: l/125 = 188.8 mm

Max. Deflection: 145.4 mm
Max. Axial Load: 37,480 kN (C) & 36,185 (T)
Lateral Load

Amir & Panha

 Design Criteria

• Strength
– Limit Stresses
• Serviceability
– Drift limits in the range of H/600 to H/1000
– Acceleration (Human Response) 10 to 20milli-g
• Stability
– Sufficient factor of safety against buckling
– P-Delta effects (Factor of safety is around 1.67-1.92)
 Key lateral resisting structural elements

• Core Wall
• Coupling System
Wind Surface Area With Reduced Levels
Typical Floor Plan Of Core Walls
 Section Properties Of Core Wall
(Space Gass)

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 1.65 × 107 𝑚𝑚2 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 1.65 × 107 𝑚𝑚2

𝐼𝑦 = 2.07 × 1014 𝑚𝑚4 𝐼𝑦 = 1.30 × 1014 𝑚𝑚4
𝐼𝑧 = 1.03 × 1014 𝑚𝑚4 𝐼𝑧 = 5.26 × 1013 𝑚𝑚4
Side & Plan Views Of Core Walls
(Coupling System Of Core Walls)

N
 Static Analysis Results
(Close Up For N-S & W-E)

W-E

Δmax = 144mm

N-S

Δmax = 97mm