A DATE WITH DESTINY
By: Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago permanent ideals. If you do that, you will be patient when the
When and Where: Commencement speech before the U.P.
College of Medicine graduates on 20 May 2012 at the U.P.
Theater in Diliman campus.)
Type: Manuscript, Persuasive and Informative Speech
Allow me to introduce myself. I am the UP
graduate who has, in a modest way, focused national attention
on the political malady known as logopaedics, the branch of
medicine that deals with speech disabilities and their treatment.
Kasi ang ibang tao sa impeachment trial, hindi marunong
magsabi ng totoo, kaya binibigyan ko sila ng speech therapy.
For politicians like me, commencement speeches are a regular
feature of the calendar year. But when the invitation comes
from U.P. graduates, I consider the invitation to be more
powerful than a subpoena, above any "Objection!" It is not
only a professional honor; it is an invitation to return to the
sublime cradle of the most intellectual and the most idealistic
leaders of the professions in our country. I love this school
which has the highest standard of academic excellence and the
most unforgiving standard of moral excellence - the great
University of the Philippines.
Today, you stand at the cusp of your medical career. You bid
goodbye to the distant past - when your parents struggled,
emotionally and perhaps financially, to send you to the best
medical school in the country. You also bid goodbye to the
recent past - when your professors audaciously took the clay of
your undergraduate studies and molded you into the 159 youth
I see before me now - each one of you a young, godlike
person, trembling on the edge of an entirely new and dazzling
universe, or perhaps of many universes. Whatever
astrophysics may conclude, each one of you stands as a master
of the universe.
At this point, let me share with you what the wise man said:
The adventure of life is to learn.
The nature of life is to change.
The purpose of life is to grow.
The challenge of life is to overcome.
The Adventure of Life is to Learn.
Your graduation is not an end point in your education. Now
that your proud professors have done their best, you must start
the adventure of learning from life itself. Michelangelo said
that genius is eternal patience. And Gandhi put it in another
way, by saying that there is more to life than increasing its
speed. I will simply say that life is what you make it. Dare
beyond your strength, hazard beyond your judgment, and in
extremities, proceed in excellent hope. Bear the accidents of
life with dignity and grace, making the best of circumstances.
To paraphrase the advice of a wise man, you should live in the
presence of great truths and eternal laws. You should be led by
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world ignores you, and you will be calm and unspoiled when
the world praises you.
You are trained doctors - heal yourselves. The wise man said
that we should seek elegance rather than luxury, refinement
rather than fashion, worth rather than respectability, and wealth
rather than riches. You have studied hard. Now think quietly,
talk gently with your patients, and act frankly. In addition, listen
to stars and birds, leaders and sages, with open heart. Await
occasions and never hurry. Your most important lesson is that
in the common, mundane things in life, the spiritual, the
hidden, and even the unconscious will slowly enlighten you.
The Nature of Life is to Change.
You will live and work in circumstances far different from
today. The changes in the medical profession will be dictated
by at least ten medical breakthroughs:
1. Scientists now use cloning to create stem cells. One day,
stem cells may treat diseases such as spinal cord injury and
Parkinson's.
2. There has never been a vaccine against a human parasite
before, or against malaria, which infects millions of children
each year. But a first-ever malaria vaccine - which cut the risk
of infection by half - has been tested in children in sub-Saharan
Africa.
3. HIV treatment can also serve as prevention, by protecting
HIV-free people from becoming infected.
4. The food pyramid is now presented as a food plate. It has
four sections: fruits, vegetables, grains, and protein.
5. In a new world of regenerative medicine, healthy body
tissues can be created to replace diseased ones. Scientists have
already created in the laboratory a real functioning urethra, but
right now it costs US$5,000.
6. Colon cancer could likely be caused by bacteria. Two
research groups have reported that a bacteria called
Fusobacteria seem to flourish in colon cancer cells.
7. In the world of weight loss, researchers reported that obese
patients taking an experimental drug called Qnexa lost 10
percent of their body weight in a year. The pill combines two
existing drugs: the weight-loss drug phentermine, and the anti-
epilepsy medication topiramate.
8. German researchers have found that if trained, dogs can
detect the presence of cancer on a person's breath.
9. Researchers from UCLA have reported that it may now be
possible for scientists to glean the age of a dead body from
genetic material. They work with saliva samples.
10. At Uppsala University in Sweden, researchers reported that
a simple blood test may be able to predict who is most likely to
die of heart disease or cancer. They found that people with
higher levels of an enzyme called cathepsin S were more likely
to die.
The Purpose of Life is to Grow.
What is the meaning of life? This meaning is not for you to
find, but for you to define. The meaning of life is found in the
purposes that we pursue as we grow older. Each one must
interpret individually the meaning of life. You must read
meaning into the situations you find yourselves in, case by
case.
From my book, Philosophy of Religion, let me read for you:
Even if life is meaningless, we have to go on living, as a form
of rebellion against cosmic meaninglessness. Your slogan
should be: "Dare to become what you are." If there is no God,
and no other world than this one, then we are the creators of
our own values. The supreme value is life-assertion. And the
next highest value is the will to power over evil. We must
confront the most difficult truth about ourselves. In a godless
world, we have no alternative but to choose - and in that sense
to create - our own values. In other words, we create the
meaning of our life.
Perhaps life has no meaning, but perhaps those who are
religious can find meaning in the four categories of human
experience: suffering, hope, effort, and grace. The various
religions are responses to the realization of the agony of life.
Religion seeks to transform the underlying agony and anxiety
of life into the joy and gratitude we can feel for the gift of love.
The Challenge of Life is to Overcome.
Now, allow me to read the conclusion of my book,
Philosophy of Religion:
If we want to build earth pyramids pointing to the stars, the best
procedure is not the infliction of selfish cruelty on those we
wish to make our subjects, but to enlist their free commitment
to the human enterprise. You should struggle for freedom
from selfishness, from hatred, and from slavery to pleasure and
instant gratification. We should find inspiration in our Third
World circumstances, and thus empower ourselves in the
pursuit of excellence in creativity, compassion in poverty, and
happiness in serving others.
Life is not a race among the vain. Vanity merely yields the
prize of material riches, which endanger the spiritual outlook.
Life is a journey to the absolute truth, in the course of which we
develop the ability to communicate with God.
Nothing that any person does, no matter how rich or famous,
really matters. All that matters is the faith to believe that
something is better than nothing. If this something contains
evil, it is conscious and constant revolt against evil that gives
life its value.
In the final analysis, life is a kaleidoscopic process of education
sourced from the infinite intelligence, the dazzling supermind.
Class of 2012: You have received more than others in health,
in talents, and in education. Possessions, outward success,
publicity, luxury - all these will come to you. But you have to
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pay the price. Like all UP alumni, be prepared to render an
unusually great sacrifice of your life for other life.
During this, your date with destiny, I quote the famous poem
"Ode to Duty," by William Wordsworth:
Oh, let my weakness have an end!
Give unto me, made lowly wise,
The spirit of self-sacrifice;
The confidence of reason give;
And in the light of truth thy Bondman let me live!
Class of 2012: Like all true UP alumni, embrace the spirit of
self-sacrifice, of reason, and of truth! Never forget that I -
together with millions of our fellow alumni - are marching in
lockstep, on your transport into the beckoning future. On that
journey, you have our highest respect and all of our love.1
Jimmy Carter Speech, Inaugural address
By: Jimmy Carter
When and Where: Thursday, January 20, 1977 on United
States Capitol, Washington, D.C.
Type: Manuscript, Persuasive and Informative Speech
For myself and for our Nation, I want to thank my
predecessor for all he has done to heal our land.
In this outward and physical ceremony we attest once again to
the inner and spiritual strength of our Nation. As my high
school teacher, Miss Julia Coleman, used to say: "We must
adjust to changing times and still hold to unchanging
principles."
Here before me is the Bible used in the inauguration of our first
President, in 1789, and I have just taken the oath of office on
the Bible my mother gave me a few years ago, openedto a
timeless admonition from the ancient prophet Micah:
"He hath showed thee, O man, what is good; and what doth
the Lord require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy,
and to walk humbly with thy God." (Micah 6:8)
This inauguration ceremony marks a new beginning, a new
dedication within our Government, and a new spirit among us
all. A President may sense and proclaim that new spirit, but
only a people can provide it.
Two centuries ago our Nation's birth was a milestone in the
long quest for freedom, but the bold and brilliant dream which
excited the founders of this Nation still awaits its
1
(http://www.senate.gov.ph/press_release/2012/0519_santiag
o1.asp)
consummation. I have no new dream to set forth today, but
rather urge a fresh faith in the old dream.
Ours was the first society openly to define itself in terms of
both spirituality and of human liberty. It is that unique self-
definition which has given us an exceptional appeal, but it also
imposes on us a special obligation, to take on those moral
duties which, when assumed, seem invariably to be in our
own best interests.
You have given me a great responsibility--to stay close to you,
to be worthy of you, and to exemplify what you are. Let us
create together a new national spirit of unity and trust. Your
strength can compensate for my weakness, and your wisdom
can help to minimize my mistakes.
Let us learn together and laugh together and work together and
pray together, confident that in the end we will triumph
together in the right.
The American dream endures. We must once again have full
faith in our country--and in one another. I believe America can
be better. We can be even stronger than before.
Let our recent mistakes bring a resurgent commitment to the
basic principles of our Nation, for we know that if we despise
our own government we have no future. We recall in special
times when we have stood briefly, but magnificently, united.
In those times no prize was beyond our grasp.
But we cannot dwell upon remembered glory. We cannot
afford to drift. We reject the prospect of failure or mediocrity or
an inferior quality of life for any person. Our Government
must at the same time be both competent and compassionate.
We have already found a high degree of personal liberty, and
we are now struggling to enhance equality of opportunity. Our
commitment to human rights must be absolute, our laws fair,
our natural beauty preserved; the powerful must not persecute
the weak, and human dignity must be enhanced.
We have learned that "more" is not necessarily "better," that
even our great Nation has its recognized limits, and that we can
neither answer all questions nor solve all problems. We cannot
afford to do everything, nor can we afford to lack boldness as
we meet the future. So, together, in a spirit of individual
sacrifice for the common good, we must simply do our best.
Our Nation can be strong abroad only if it is strong at home.
And we know that the best way to enhance freedom in other
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lands is to demonstrate here that our democratic system is
worthy of emulation.
To be true to ourselves, we must be true to others. We will not
behave in foreign places so as to violate our rules and standards
here at home, for we know that the trust which our Nation
earns is essential to our strength.
The world itself is now dominated by a new spirit. Peoples
more numerous and more politically aware are craving and
now demanding their place in the sun--not just for the benefit
of their own physical condition, but for basic human rights.
The passion for freedom is on the rise. Tapping this new spirit,
there can be no nobler nor more ambitious task for America to
undertake on this day of a new beginning than to help shape a
just and peaceful world that is truly humane.
We are a strong nation, and we will maintain strength so
sufficient that it need not be proven in combat--a quiet strength
based not merely on the size of an arsenal, but on the nobility
of ideas.
We will be ever vigilant and never vulnerable, and we will
fight our wars against poverty, ignorance, and injustice--for
those are the enemies against which our forces can be
honorably marshaled.
We are a purely idealistic Nation, but let no one confuse our
idealism with weakness.
Because we are free we can never be indifferent to the fate of
freedom elsewhere. Our moral sense dictates a clear cut
preference for these societies which share with us an abiding
respect for individual human rights. We do not seek to
intimidate, but it is clear that a world which others can
dominate with impunity would be inhospitable to decency and
a threat to the well-being of all people.
The world is still engaged in a massive armaments race
designed to ensure continuing equivalent strength among
potential adversaries. We pledge perseverance and wisdom in
our efforts to limit the world's armaments to those necessary
for each nation's own domestic safety. And we will move this
year a step toward ultimate goal--the elimination of all nuclear
weapons from this Earth. We urge all other people to join us,
for success can mean life instead of death.
Within us, the people of the United States, there is evident a
serious and purposeful rekindling of confidence. And I join in
the hope that when my time as your President has ended,
people might say this about our Nation:
that we had remembered the words of Micah and renewed
our search for humility, mercy, and justice;
that we had torn down the barriers that separated those of
different race and region and religion, and where there had
been mistrust, built unity, with a respect for diversity;
that we had found productive work for those able to perform it;
that we had strengthened the American family, which is the
basis of our society;
that we had ensured respect for the law, and equal treatment
under the law, for the weak and the powerful, for the rich and
the poor;
and that we had enabled our people to be proud of their own
Government once again.
I would hope that the nations of the world might say that we
had built a lasting peace, built not on weapons of war but on
international policies which reflect our own most precious
values.
These are not just my goals, and they will not be my
accomplishments, but the affirmation of our Nation's
continuing moral strength and our belief in an undiminished,
ever-expanding American dream.2
-Jimmy Carter
Abraham Lincoln Speech, Second Inaugural
Address
By: Abraham Lincoln
When and Where: Saturday, March 4, 1865 in Washington
DC
Type: Manuscript, Persuasive and Informative Speech
Fellow-Countrymen:
At this second appearing to take the oath of the
Presidential office there is less occasion for an extended
address than there was at the first. Then a statement somewhat
in detail of a course to be pursued seemed fitting and proper.
Now, at the expiration of four years, during which public
declarations have been constantly called forth on every point
and phase of the great contest which still absorbs the attention
and engrosses the energies of the nation, little that is new could
be presented.
The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends,
is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, I trust,
2
(http://www.famous-speeches-and-speech-
topics.info/presidential-speeches/jimmy-carter-speech-
inaugural-address.htm)
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reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all. With high hope
for the future, no prediction in regard to it is ventured.
On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago all
thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war.
All dreaded it, all sought to avert it. While the inaugural address
was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to
saving the Union without war, insurgent agents were in the city
seeking to destroy it without war--seeking to dissolve the
Union and divide effects by negotiation. Both parties’
deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than
let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather
than let it perish, and the war came.
One-eighth of the whole population were colored slaves, not
distributed generally over the Union, but localized in the
southern part of it. These slaves constituted a peculiar and
powerful interest. All knew that this interest was somehow the
cause of the war. To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this
interest was the object for which the insurgents would rend the
Union even by war, while the Government claimed no right to
do more than to restrict the territorial enlargement of it. Neither
party expected for the war the magnitude or the duration which
it has already attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the
conflict might cease with or even before the conflict itself
should cease. Each looked for an easier triumph, and a result
less fundamental and astounding. Both read the same Bible
and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against
the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask
a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat
of other men's faces, but let us judge not, that we be not judged.
The prayers of both could not be answered. That of neither has
been answered fully. The Almighty has His own purposes.
"Woe unto the world because of offenses; for it must needs be
that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense
cometh." If we shall suppose that American slavery is one of
those offenses which, in the providence of God, must needs
come, but which, having continued through His appointed
time, He now wills to remove, and that He gives to both North
and South this terrible war as the woe due to those by whom
the offense came, shall we discern therein any departure from
those divine attributes which the believers in a living God
always ascribe to Him? Fondly do we hope, fervently do we
pray, that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away.
Yet, if God wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the
bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall
be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash
shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said
three thousand years ago, so still it must be said "the judgments
of the Lord are true and righteous altogether."
With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in
the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish
the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for
him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his
orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and
lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.3
-Abraham Lincoln
Inaugrual Address of John F. Kennedy
By: John F. Kennedy
When and where: on January 20, 1961 at the eastern portico of
the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.
Type: Memorized, Persuasive and Informative Speech
Vice President Johnson, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Chief
Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, President
Truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens:
We observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of
freedom — symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning —
signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before
you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears
prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.
The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal
hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all
forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs
for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the
globe — the belief that the rights of man come not from the
generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.
We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first
revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to
friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new
generation of Americans — born in this century, tempered by
war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our
ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permit the slow
undoing of those human rights to which this nation has always
been committed, and to which we are committed today at
home and around the world.
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we
shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship,
support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and
the success of liberty.
This much we pledge — and more.
To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we
share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United there is
little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided
there is little we can do — for we dare not meet a powerful
challenge at odds and split asunder.
3
(http://www.famous-speeches-and-speech-
topics.info/presidential-speeches/abraham-lincoln-speech-second-
inaugural-address.htm)
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To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the
free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall
not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron
tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting
our view. But we shall always hope to find them strongly
supporting their own freedom — and to remember that, in the
past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of
the tiger ended up inside.
To those people in the huts and villages of half the globe
struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our
best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period
is required — not because the Communists may be doing it,
not because we seek their votes, but because it is right. If a free
society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the
few who are rich.
To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special
pledge: to convert our good words into good deeds, in a new
alliance for progress, to assist free men and free governments
in casting off the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution
of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. Let all our
neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose
aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let
every other power know that this hemisphere intends to
remain the master of its own house.
To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United
Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of
war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our
pledge of support — to prevent it from becoming merely a
forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the
weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.
Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our
adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides
begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of
destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in
planned or accidental self-destruction.
We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our
arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond
doubt that they will never be employed.
But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take
comfort from our present course — both sides overburdened
by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the
steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that
uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s
final war.
So let us begin anew — remembering on both sides that
civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject
to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear
to negotiate.
Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of
belaboring those problems which divide us.
Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise
proposals for the inspection and control of arms, and bring the
absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute
control of all nations.
Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of
its terrors. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts,
eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths, and encourage the arts
and commerce.
Let both sides unite to heed, in all corners of the earth, the
command of Isaiah — to “undo the heavy burdens, and [to] let
the oppressed go free.”¹
And, if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle
of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor —
not a new balance of power, but a new world of law — where
the strong are just, and the weak secure, and the peace
preserved.
All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor
will it be finished in the first one thousand days; nor in the life
of this Administration; nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this
planet. But let us begin.
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the
final success or failure of our course. Since this country was
founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned
to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young
Americans who answered the call to service surround the
globe.
Now the trumpet summons us again — not as a call to bear
arms, though arms we need — not as a call to battle, though
embattled we are — but a call to bear the burden of a long
twilight struggle, year in and year out, “rejoicing in hope;
patient in tribulation,”² a struggle against the common enemies
of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global
alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a
more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic
effort?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have
been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of
maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility — I
welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange
places with any other people or any other generation. The
energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor
will light our country and all who serve it. And the glow from
that fire can truly light the world.
And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can
do for you; ask what you can do for your country.
My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do
for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.
Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the
world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and
sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good conscience our
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only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let
us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and
His help, but knowing that here on earth God’s work must
truly be our own.4
Obama Inaugural Address
By: Barack Obama
When and where: on 20th January 2009 at United States
Capitol Washington, D.C.
Type: Memorized, Informative, and Persuasive Speech
My fellow citizens:
I stand here today humbled by the task before us,
grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the
sacrifices borne by our ancestors. I thank President Bush for his
service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation
he has shown throughout this transition.
Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath.
The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity
and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often the oath is
taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these
moments, America has carried on not simply because of the
skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the
People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers,
and true to our founding documents.
So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.
That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our
nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and
hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of
greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our
collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation
for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses
shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too
many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we
use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.
These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics.
Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of
confidence across our land - a nagging fear that America's
decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its
sights.
Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They
are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in
a short span of time. But know this, America - they will be
4(http://www.artofmanliness.com/inaugrual-address-of-
john-f-kennedy/)
met.
On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over
fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.
On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty
grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out
dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.
We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the
time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come
to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to
carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from
generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are
equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full
measure of happiness.
In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that
greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has
never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. It has not been
the path for the faint-hearted - for those who prefer leisure over
work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it
has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things - some
celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their
labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards
prosperity and freedom.
For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and
traveled across oceans in search of a new life.
For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured
the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.
For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and
Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sahn.
Time and again these men and women struggled and
sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we
might live a better life. They saw America as bigger than the
sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences
of birth or wealth or faction.
This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most
prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less
productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less
inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they
were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains
undiminished. But our time of standing pat, of protecting
narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions - that time
has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up,
dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
America.
For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of
the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act -
not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for
growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids
and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together.
We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield
technology's wonders to raise health care's quality and lower its
cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel
our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our
schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a
new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do.
Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions -
who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big
plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what
this country has already done; what free men and women can
achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and
necessity to courage.
What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted
beneath them - that the stale political arguments that have
consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask
today is not whether our government is too big or too small,
but whether it works - whether it helps families find jobs at a
decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified.
Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where
the answer is no, programs will end. And those of us who
manage the public's dollars will be held to account - to spend
wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of
day - because only then can we restore the vital trust between a
people and their government.
Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for
good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is
unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a
watchful eye, the market can spin out of control - and that a
nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous.
The success of our economy has always depended not just on
the size of our Gross Domestic Product, but on the reach of our
prosperity; on the ability to extend opportunity to every willing
heart - not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our
common good.
As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice
between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers,
faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to
assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded
by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world,
and we will not give them up for expedience's sake. And so to
all other peoples and governments who are watching today,
from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father
was born: know that America is a friend of each nation and
every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and
dignity, and we are ready to lead once more.
Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism and
communism not just with missiles and tanks, but with the
sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood
that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to
do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows
through its prudent use; our security emanates from the
justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering
qualities of humility and restraint.
We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles
once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even
greater effort - even greater cooperation and understanding
between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its
people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With
old friends and former foes, we’ll work tirelessly to lessen the
nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet.
We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in
its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by
inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now
that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot
outlast us, and we will defeat you.
For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a
weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews
and Hindus - and non-believers. We are shaped by every
language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth; and
because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and
segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and
more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds
shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve;
that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall
reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a
new era of peace.
To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on
mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the
globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on
the West - know that your people will judge you on what you
can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power
through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent,
know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we
will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.
To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside
you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to
nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no
longer afford indifference to the suffering outside our borders;
nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to
effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it.
As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember
with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very
hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have
something to tell us, just as the fallen heroes who lie in
Arlington whisper through the ages. We honor them not only
because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they
embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in
something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment - a
moment that will define a generation - it is precisely this spirit
that must inhabit us all.
For as much as government can do and must do, it is
ultimately the faith and determination of the American people
upon which this nation relies. It is the kindness to take in a
stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers
who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job
which sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter's
courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a
parent's willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our
fate.
Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we
meet them may be new. But those values upon which our
success depends - honesty and hard work, courage and fair
play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism - these
things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet
force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded
then is a return to these truths. What is required of us now is a
new era of responsibility - a recognition, on the part of every
American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the
world, duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize
gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying
to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a
difficult task.
This is the price and the promise of citizenship.
This is the source of our confidence - the knowledge that God
calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.
This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed - why men
and women and children of every race and every faith can join
in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man
whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been
served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a
most sacred oath.

So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and
how far we have traveled. In the year of America's birth, in the
coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying
campfires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was
abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was
stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our
revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered
these words be read to the people:
"Let it be told to the future world...that in the depth of winter,
when nothing but hope and virtue could survive...that the city
and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth
to meet [it]."
America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of
our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With
hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and
endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children's
children that when we were tested we refused to let this
journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and
with eyes fixed on the horizon and God's grace upon us, we
carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to
future generations.
Thank you. God bless you and God bless the United States of
America.5
The Great Dictator's Speech
By: Charlie Chaplin
When and where: October 1940 and was released in the
television.
Type: Memorized, Entertainment, Informative and Persuasive
Speech
I’m sorry, but I don’t want to be an emperor. That’s
not my business. I don’t want to rule or conquer anyone. I
should like to help everyone – if possible – Jew, Gentile –
black man – white. We all want to help one another. Human
beings are like that. We want to live by each other’s happiness
– not by each other’s misery. We don’t want to hate and
despise one another. In this world there is room for everyone.
And the good earth is rich and can provide for everyone. The
way of life can be free and beautiful, but we have lost the way.
Greed has poisoned men’s souls, has barricaded the world
with hate, has goose-stepped us into misery and bloodshed.
We have developed speed, but we have shut ourselves in.
Machinery that gives abundance has left us in want. Our
knowledge has made us cynical. Our cleverness, hard and
unkind. We think too much and feel too little. More than
5
(http://obamaspeeches.com/)
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
machinery we need humanity. More than cleverness we need
kindness and gentleness. Without these qualities, life will be
violent and all will be lost….
The aeroplane and the radio have brought us closer together.
The very nature of these inventions cries out for the goodness
in men – cries out for universal brotherhood – for the unity of
us all. Even now my voice is reaching millions throughout the
world – millions of despairing men, women, and little children
– victims of a system that makes men torture and imprison
innocent people.
To those who can hear me, I say – do not despair. The misery
that is now upon us is but the passing of greed – the bitterness
of men who fear the way of human progress. The hate of men
will pass, and dictators die, and the power they took from the
people will return to the people. And so long as men die,
liberty will never perish. …..
Soldiers! Don’t give yourselves to brutes – men who despise
you – enslave you – who regiment your lives – tell you what to
do – what to think and what to feel! Who drill you – diet you –
treat you like cattle, use you as cannon fodder. Don’t give
yourselves to these unnatural men – machine men with
machine minds and machine hearts! You are not machines!
You are not cattle! You are men! You have the love of
humanity in your hearts! You don’t hate! Only the unloved
hate – the unloved and the unnatural! Soldiers! Don’t fight for
slavery! Fight for liberty!
In the 17th Chapter of St Luke it is written: “the Kingdom of
God is within man” – not one man nor a group of men, but in
all men! In you! You, the people have the power – the power
to create machines. The power to create happiness! You, the
people, have the power to make this life free and beautiful, to
make this life a wonderful adventure.
Then – in the name of democracy – let us use that power – let
us all unite. Let us fight for a new world – a decent world that
will give men a chance to work – that will give youth a future
and old age a security. By the promise of these things, brutes
have risen to power. But they lie! They do not fulfil that
promise. They never will!
Dictators free themselves but they enslave the people! Now let
us fight to fulfil that promise! Let us fight to free the world – to
do away with national barriers – to do away with greed, with
hate and intolerance. Let us fight for a world of reason, a world
where science and progress will lead to all men’s happiness.
Soldiers! In the name of democracy, let us all unite!6
Pope Francis’ impromptu speech at Festival of
Families in Philadelphia
By: Pope Francis
6(http://www.charliechaplin.com/en/synopsis/articles/29-
The-Great-Dictator-s-Speech)
When and where: September 26, 2015 in Philadelphia during
the Festival of Families
Type: Impromptu and Informative Speech
Dear brothers and sisters, dear families:
Thank you to those who have given their
testimonies. Thank you to those who have brought us joy with
their art, with beauty, which is the path to reach God. Beauty
brings us to God. And a true testimony brings us to God,
because God also is the truth, He is beauty, He is goodness,
and a testimony given to serve is good, it makes us good
people, because God is good. It brings us to God. All that is
good, all that is true, all that is beautiful brings us to God.
Because God is good, God is beautiful, God is the truth.
Thank you to everyone who gave us a message here and
[thank you] for the presence of all of you, which is also a
testimony, a true testimony that it is worthwhile to live as a
family, that a society grows strong, grows in goodness, grows
in beauty and truly grows if it is built on the foundation of the
family.
Once, a boy asked me — you know that children ask hard
questions — he asked me, "Father, what did God do before
He created the world?" I can tell you that it was hard for me to
come up with an answer. I told him what I’m saying now to
you. Before creating the world, God loved, because God is
love. But there was so much love that He had within Himself,
this love between the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, it
was so great, so overflowing that — I don’t know if this is very
theological, but you’ll understand what I mean — it was so
great that He couldn't be egotistical. He had to come out of
Himself so as to have that which He could love outside of
Himself.
And there God created the world. There God made this
marvel in which we live and, since we’re a little mixed up, we
are destroying it. But the most beautiful thing that God made,
the Bible says, was the family. He created man and woman,
and He gave them everything. He gave them the world!
Grow, multiply, cultivate the earth, make it produce, make it
grow. He presented to a family all of the love that He made in
this marvelous creation.
Let’s go back a bit. All of the love that God has in Himself, all
of the beauty that God has in Himself, all of the truth that God
has in Himself, He gives to the family. And a family is truly a
family when it is able to open its arms and receive all of this
love.
Obviously, earthly paradise is here no longer. Life has its
problems. Men, because of the devil’s astuteness, learned to
have divisions among themselves. And all of this love that
God had given was nearly lost. And shortly thereafter, the first
crime, the first fratricide. A brother kills another brother: war.
The love, the beauty, and the truth of God — and the
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
destruction of war. And between these two poles, we walk
today. We have to decide. We have to decide on which path to
walk.
But let’s go back. When the man and his wife made the
mistake and distanced themselves from God, God did not
leave them alone. There was so much love, so much love that
He began to walk with humanity. He began to walk with His
people, until the fullness of time arrived, and He gave the
greatest sign of His love, His Son.
And His Son, where did He send Him? To a palace? To a city,
to start a business? He sent Him to a family! God came into the
world in a family.
And he was able to do this because this family was a family
that had its heart open to love, that had the doors open to love.
Let’s think of Mary, this young woman. She couldn’t believe
it. "How can this be?" And when it was explained to her, she
obeyed. Let’s think of Joseph, full of dreams to form a
household. He finds himself with this surprise that he doesn’t
understand. He accepts. He obeys. And in the obedience of
love of this woman, Mary, and of this man, Joseph, a family is
created into which comes God.
God always knocks at the door of hearts. He likes to do this. It
comes from His heart. But, do you know what He likes best?
To knock on the doors of families and find families that are
united, to find families that love each other, to find the families
that bring up their children and educate them and help them to
keep going forward and that create a society of goodness, of
truth, and of beauty.
We are in the Festival of Families. The family has a divine
passport, is that clear? The passport that a family has is issued it
by God, so that within its heart, truth, love, and beauty would
grow more and more.
Sure, one of you could say to me, "Father, you speak this way
because you’re single." In families, there are difficulties. In
families, we argue; in families, sometimes the plates fly; in
families, the children give us headaches. And I’m not even
going to mention the mother-in-law. But in families, there is
always, always, the cross. Always. Because the love of God,
of the Son of God, also opened for us this path. But, in families
as well, after the cross, there is the resurrection. Because the
Son of God opened for us this path. Because of this, the family
is — forgive the term I’ll use — it is a factory of hope, of hope
of life and of resurrection. God was the one who opened this
path.
And the children. The children make us work. We, too, as
sons and daughters also created work.
Sometimes, at home, I see some of my collaborators who
come into work with dark circles under their eyes. They have a
baby who is a month old, or two moths old, and I ask them,
"You didn’t sleep?" "Oh no, he cried all night long." In
families, there are difficulties, but these difficulties are
overcome with love. Hate doesn’t overcome any difficulty.
Division of hearts doesn’t overcome any difficulty. Only love
is capable of overcoming difficulties. Love is a festival. Love is
joy. Love is to keep moving forward.
And I don’t want to continue talking, because this will get too
long. But I would like to stress two points regarding the family
which I would like you to pay special attention to. Not only
would I like you to do this, but we must pay special attention to
this: the children and the grandparents. Children and young
people are the future, they are the strength, those who take us
forward. They are the ones in which we place our hope.
Grandparents are the memory of a family, they are the ones
who gave us the faith, transmitted to us the faith.
To take care of the grandparents and to take care of the children
is the sign of love — I don’t know if it’s the greatest but I
would say the most promising [sign of love] of the family,
because it promises the future. A people that does not know
how to care for the children and a people that does not know
how to care for the grandparents is a people without a future,
because it doesn’t have strength and it doesn’t have the
memory that will carry it forward.
And well, the family is beautiful, but it is costly. It brings
problems. In the family, sometimes there is enmity. The
husband fights with the wife or they give each other dirty
looks, or the children with the parents … I advise one thing:
Never end the day without making peace in the family. In a
family, a day cannot end at war.
May God bless you. May God give you strength. May God
strengthen you to keep moving forward. Let us care for the
family. Let us defend the family, because there, there, our
future is in play. Thank you, may God bless you and pray for
me, please.7 (Transcripted and translated by ZENIT)
Richard Nixon’s Farewell Speech
By: Richard Nixon
When and where: August 9, 1974 at 1600 Pennsylvania Ave
NW, Washington, DC 20500, United States
Type: Impromptu, Informative and Persuasive Speech
I think the record should show that this is one of
those spontaneous things that we always arrange whenever the
President comes in to speak, and it will be so reported in the
press, and we don't mind, because they have to call it as they
see it.
But on our part, believe me, it is spontaneous.
7(https://www.osv.com/OSVNewsweekly/PapalVisit/Articl
es/Article/TabId/2727/ArtMID/20933/ArticleID/18334/Pop
e-Francis-impromptu-speech-at-Festival-of-Families-in-
Philadelphia.aspx)
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
You are here to say goodbye to us, and we don't have a good
word for it in English -- the best is au revoir. We'll see you
again.
I just met with the members of the White House staff, you
know, those who serve here in the White House day in and
day out, and I asked them to do what I ask all of you to do to
the extent that you can and, of course, are requested to do so: to
serve our next President as you have served me and previous
Presidents -- because many of you have been here for many
years -- with devotion and dedication, because this office, great
as it is, can only be as great as the men and women who work
for and with the President.
This house, for example -- I was thinking of it as we walked
down this hall, and I was comparing it to some of the great
houses of the world that I have been in. This isn't the biggest
house. Many, and most, in even smaller countries, are much
bigger. This isn't the finest house. Many in Europe, particularly,
and in China, Asia, have paintings of great, great value, things
that we just don't have here and, probably, will never have until
we are 1,000 years old or older.
But this is the best house. It is the best house, because it has
something far more important than numbers of people who
serve, far more important than numbers of rooms or how big it
is, far more important than numbers of magnificent pieces of
art.
This house has a great heart, and that heart comes from those
who serve. I was rather sorry they didn't come down. We said
goodbye to them upstairs. But they are really great. And I recall
after so many times I have made speeches, and some of them
pretty tough, yet, I always come back, or after a hard day -- and
my days usually have run rather long -- I would always get a
lift from them, because I might be a little down but they always
smiled.
And so it is with you. I look around here, and I see so many on
this staff that, you know, I should have been by your offices
and shaken hands, and I would love to have talked to you and
found out how to run the world -- everybody wants to tell the
President what to do, and boy, he needs to be told many times -
- but I just haven't had the time. But I want you to know that
each and every one of you, I know, is indispensable to this
Government.
I am proud of this Cabinet. I am proud of all the members who
have served in our Cabinet. I am proud of our sub-Cabinet. I
am proud of our White House Staff. As I pointed out last night,
sure, we have done some things wrong in this Administration,
and the top man always takes the responsibility, and I have
never ducked it. But I want to say one thing: We can be proud
of it -- five and a half years. No man or no woman came into
this Administration and left it with more of this world's goods
than when he came in. No man or no woman ever profited at
the public expense or the public till. That tells something about
you.
Mistakes, yes. But for personal gain, never. You did what you
believed in. Sometimes right, sometimes wrong. And I only
wish that I were a wealthy man -- at the present time, I have got
to find a way to pay my taxes -- and if I were, I would like to
recompense you for the sacrifices that all of you have made to
serve in government.
But you are getting something in government -- and I want
you to tell this to your children, and I hope the Nation's children
will hear it, too -- something in government service that is far
more important than money. It is a cause bigger than yourself.
It is the cause of making this the greatest nation in the world,
the leader of the world, because without our leadership, the
world will know nothing but war, possibly starvation or worse,
in the years ahead. With our leadership it will know peace, it
will know plenty.
We have been generous, and we will be more generous in the
future as we are able to. But most important, we must be
strong here, strong in our hearts, strong in our souls, strong in
our belief, and strong in our willingness to sacrifice, as you
have been willing to sacrifice, in a pecuniary way, to serve in
government.
There is something else I would like for you to tell your young
people. You know, people often come in and say, "What will I
tell my kids?" They look at government and say, sort of a
rugged life, and they see the mistakes that are made. They get
the impression that everybody is here for the purpose of
feathering his nest. That is why I made this earlier point -- not
in this Administration, not one single man or woman.
And I say to them, there are many fine careers. This country
needs good farmers, good businessmen, good plumbers, good
carpenters.
I remember my old man. I think that they would have called
him sort of a little man, common man. He didn't consider
himself that way. You know what he was? He was a streetcar
motorman first, and then he was a farmer, and then he had a
lemon ranch. It was the poorest lemon ranch in California, I
can assure you. He sold it before they found oil on it.
[Laughter] And then he was a grocer. But he was a great man,
because he did his job, and every job counts up to the hilt,
regardless of what happens.
Nobody will ever write a book, probably, about my mother.
Well, I guess all of you would say this about your mother --
my mother was a saint. And I think of her, two boys dying of
tuberculosis, nursing four others in order that she could take
care of my older brother for three years in Arizona, and seeing
each of them die, and when they died, it was like one of her
own.
Yes, she will have no books written about her. But she was a
saint.
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
Now, however, we look to the future. I had a little quote in the
speech last night from T.R. [Theodore Roosevelt]. As you
know, I kind of like to read books. I am not educated, but I do
read books -- and the T.R. quote was a pretty good one. Here is
another one I found as I was reading, my last night in the
White House, and this quote is about a young man. He was a
young lawyer in New York. He had married a beautiful girl,
and they had a lovely daughter, and then suddenly she died,
and this is what he wrote. This was in his diary.
He said, "She was beautiful in face and form and lovelier still
in spirit. As a flower she grew and as a fair young flower she
died. Her life had been always in the sunshine. There had
never come to her a single great sorrow. None ever knew her
who did not love and revere her for her bright and sunny
temper and her saintly unselfishness. Fair, pure and joyous as a
maiden, loving, tender and happy as a young wife. When she
had just become a mother, when her life seemed to be just
begun and when the years seemed so bright before her, then
by a strange and terrible fate death came to her. And when my
heart's dearest died, the light went from my life forever."
That was T.R. in his twenties. He thought the light had gone
from his life forever -- but he went on. And he not only
became President but, as an ex-President, he served his
country, always in the arena, tempestuous, strong, sometimes
wrong, sometimes right, but he was a man.
And as I leave, let me say, that is an example I think all of us
should remember. We think sometimes when things happen
that don't go the right way; we think that when you don't pass
the bar exam the first time -- I happened to, but I was just
lucky; I mean, my writing was so poor the bar examiner said,
"We have just got to let the guy through." We think that when
someone dear to us dies, we think that when we lose an
election, we think that when we suffer a defeat that all is ended.
We think, as T.R. said, that the light had left his life forever. Not
true.
It is only a beginning, always. The young must know it; the old
must know it. It must always sustain us, because the greatness
comes not when things go always good for you, but the
greatness comes and you are really tested, when you take
some knocks, some disappointments, when sadness comes,
because only if you have been in the deepest valley can you
ever know how magnificent it is to be on the highest
mountain.
And so I say to you on this occasion, as we leave, we leave
proud of the people who have stood by us and worked for us
and served this country. We want you to be proud of what you
have done. We want you to continue to serve in government,
if that is your wish.
Always give your best, never get discouraged, never be petty;
always remember, others may hate you, but those who hate
you don't win unless you hate them, and then you destroy
yourself.
And so, we leave with high hopes, in good spirit, and with
deep humility, and with very much gratefulness in our hearts. I
can only say to each and every one of you, we come from
many faiths, we pray perhaps to different gods -- but really the
same God in a sense -- but I want to say for each and every one
of you, not only will we always remember you, not only will
we always be grateful to you but always you will be in our
hearts and you will be in our prayers.
Thank you very much.8
Pope Francis' message, youth encounter, UST
By: Pope Francis
When and where: January 18, 2015 at the University of Sto.
Thomas
Type: Impromptu, Informative and Persuasive Speech
Dear Young Friends,
When I speak spontaneously I do it in Spanish,
because I don’t know the English language. May I do it?
Thank you very much. This Fr Mark, a good translator.
First of all, a sad piece of news. Yesterday, as Mass was about
to start, a piece of scaffolding fell and, upon falling, hit a young
woman who was working in the area and she died. Her name
is Kristel. She worked for the organization preparing for that
Mass. She was 27 years old, young like yourselves. She
worked for Catholic Relief Services as a volunteer. I would
like all of you who are young like her to pray for a moment in
silence with me and then we will pray to Our Mother in
Heaven. Let us pray.
Leads prayer of Hail Mary…
Let us also pray for her parents. She was an only child. Her
mother is coming from Hong Kong and her father is here in
Manila.
Leads prayer of Our Father…
It is a joy for me to be with you this morning. I greet each of
you from the heart, and I thank all those who made this
meeting possible. During my visit to the Philippines, I wanted
in a particular way to meet with young people, to listen to you
and to talk with you. I want to express the love and the hopes
of the Church for you. And I want to encourage you, as
Christian citizens of this country, to offer yourselves
passionately and honestly to the great work of renewing your
society and helping to build a better world.
In a special way, I thank the young people who have offered
words of welcome to me.
8
(http://www.historyplace.com/speeches/nixon-
farewell.htm)
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
To Jun and Leandro Santos II and to Rikki, thank you very
much. There’s only a very small representation of girls among
you. Too little. Women have much to tell us in today’s society.
Sometimes we are too “machistas” and we don’t allow
enough space to women. But women can see things from a
different angle to us, with a different eye. Women are able to
pose questions we men are unable to understand. Look out for
this fact: she is the only one who has put a question for which
there is no answer. She couldn’t put it into words but expressed
it with tears. So when the next pope comes to Manila, please
let there be more girls.
I thank you Jun for talking about your experience so bravely.
As I said, the heart of your question has no reply. Only when
we too can cry about the things you said can we come close to
answering that question. Why do children suffer so much?
Why do children suffer? When the heart is able to ask itself
and weep, then we can understand something. There is a
worldly compassion which is useless. You expressed
something like this. It’s a compassion that makes us put our
hands in our pockets and give something to the poor. But if
Christ had had that kind of compassion he would have greeted
a couple of people, given them something, and walked on. But
it was only when he was able to cry that he understood
something of our lives. Dear young boys and girls, today’s
world doesn’t know how to cry. The emarginated people,
those left to one side, are crying. Those who are discarded are
crying. But we don’t understand much about these people in
need. Certain realities of life we only see through eyes cleansed
by our tears. I invite each one here to ask yourself: have I
learned how to weep? Have I learned how to weep for the
emarginated or for a street child who has a drug problem or for
an abused child? Unfortunately there are those who cry
because they want something else.
This is the first thing I want to say: let us learn how to weep as
she has shown us today and let us not forget this lesson. The
great question of why so many children suffer, she did this in
tears. The response that we can make today is: let us really
learn how to weep.
In the Gospel, Jesus cried for his dead friend, he cried in his
heart for the family who lost its child, for the poor widow who
had to bury her son. He was moved to tears and compassion
when he saw the crowds without a pastor. If you don’t learn
how to cry, you cannot be a good Christian. This is a
challenge. When they posed this question to us, why children
suffer, why this or that tragedy occurs in life – our response
must be either silence or a word that is born of our tears. Be
courageous, don’t be afraid to cry.
Then came Leandro Santos II and his question. He also posed
a good question: the world of information. Today, with so
many means of communication we are overloaded with
information. Is that bad? No. It is good and can help. But there
is a real danger of living in a way that we accumulate
information. We have so much information but maybe we
don’t know what to do with that information. So we run the
risk of becoming museums of young people who have
everything but not knowing what to do with it. We don’t need
young museums but we do need holy young people. You
may ask me: Father, how do we become saints? This is
another challenge. It is the challenge of love. What is the most
important subject you have to lean at university? What is most
important subject you have to learn in life? To learn how to
love. This is the challenge that life offers you: to learn bow to
love. Not just to accumulate information without knowing
what to do with it.. But through that love let that information
bear fruit.
For this the Gospel offers us a serene way forward: using the
three languages of the mind, heart and hands – and to use them
in harmony. What you think, you must feel and put into effect.
Your information comes down to your heart and you put it
into practice. Harmoniously. What you think, you feel and you
do. Feel what you think and feel what you do. Do what you
think and what you feel. The three languages...
Can you repeat this? To think. To feel. To do. And all in
harmony...
Real love is about loving and letting yourself be loved. It’s
harder to let yourself be loved than to love. That is why it is so
difficult to come to the perfect love of God. We can love Him
but we must let ourselves be loved by Him. Real love is being
open to the love that comes to you. The love that surprises us. If
you only have information you are not surprised. Love
surprises because it opens a dialogue of loving and being
loved. God is a God of surprise because He loved us first. God
awaits us to surprise us. Let us allow ourselves to be surprised
by God. Let us not have a computer psychology that makes us
think we know it all. All answers on computers - but no
surprises. The challenge of love. God reveals himself through
surprises.
Think of St Matthew. He was a good banker. But he let people
down because he imposed taxes against his own people to
give to the Romans. He was full of money. Jesus passed by,
looked at him and said: “Follow me”. He couldn’t believe it. It
you have the opportunity, see Caravaggio’s picture of him.
Jesus calls him and those around say: “Him? He betrayed us!
He is no good! He hoards money!” But the surprise of being
loved overcomes him. The day when Matthew left home for
work, saying goodbye to his wife, he couldn’t imagine he
would come home without money and have to prepare a feast
for the one who loved him first. God surprised Matthew more
than the money he had. Allow yourselves to be surprised by
God. Don’t be afraid of surprises. They shake the ground
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
beneath our feet and make us insecure, but they move us
forward in the right direction.
Real love allows you to spend yourselves, to leave your
pockets empty. Think of St Francis who died with empty
hands and empty pockets but with a full heart. Remember: no
young museums, and wise young people. To be wise use
three languages: think well, feel well and do well. And to be
wise allow yourselves to be surprised by the love of God. That
will guarantee a good life.
Rikki came up with a good plan for what we can do in life
with all young people’s activities.
Thank you, Rikki, for what you and your friends do. I’d like to
ask you a question: you and your friends help others but do
you allow yourselves to receive? Answer in your heart.
In the Gospel we just heard, there was a beautiful phrase, for
me the most important of all: Jesus looked at the young man
and he loved him. When you see Rikki and his friends you
love them because they do good things. Jesus says something
very important: you lack one thing. Let us listen to this word in
silence: you lack only one thing.
What is it that I lack? To all of you who Jesus loves so much, I
ask you: do you allow others to give you from their riches to
you who have not? The Sadducees, Doctors of the Law, in the
time of Jesus, gave much to the people, they taught the people
the law, but they never allowed the people to give them
something. Jesus had to come to allow himself to feel
compassion and to be loved.
How many young people among you are like this? You know
how to give and yet you have ever learned how to receive.
You still lack one thing. Become a beggar. This is what you
still lack. Learn how to beg. This isn’t easy to understand. To
learn how to beg. To learn how to receive with humility. To
learn to be evangelized by the poor, by those we help, the sick,
orphans, they have so much to give us. Have I learned how to
beg? Or am I self-sufficient? Do I think I need nothing? Do
you know you too are poor? Do you know your own poverty
and your need to receive? Do you let yourselves be
evangelized by those you serve? This is what helps you
mature in your commitment to give to others. Learn how to
open your hand from your very own poverty.
There are some points I have prepared. The first, I already told
you: to learn how to love and to learn how to be loved. There is
a challenge which is a challenge of u. This is not only because
your country more than many others is likely to be seriously
affected by climate change. There is the challenge, the concern
for the environment. And finally, there is the challenge for the
poor, to love the poor, with your bishops. Do you think of the
poor? Do you feel with the poor? Do you do something for the
poor? Do you ask the poor to give you the wisdom they have?
This is what I wish to tell you all today. Sorry if I haven’t read
what I prepared for you but there is a phrase that consoles me:
that reality is superior to ideas. The reality that you have is
superior to the paper I have in front of me.
Thank you very much. Pray for me!9
Obama’s funny speech at the Gridiron Club
By: Barack Obama
When and Where: March 13, 2011 at the Gridiron Club in
Washington, D.C.
Type: Entertainment and Informative Speech
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you! (Applause.)
Can we go with the song that we talked about? (Laughter.)
(“Born In The USA” plays.) (Laughter and applause.)
THE PRESIDENT: Some things just bear repeating.
(Laughter.) Good evening. As we gather here tonight, all
across the world a powerful spirit of change is tearing down
old regimes, decaying institutions, remnants of the past. So,
look out, Gridiron Club! (Laughter.)
I mean, look at this getup. (Laughter.) Forget about winning
the future. How about entering the present? (Laughter and
applause.)
Anyway, it’s great to be here. And I’m glad we’re ending on
time because I really couldn’t stay here much longer.
(Laughter.) I have to get back to not being involved in the
budget negotiations. (Laughter.) My schedule is just packed
with meetings that I’m not attending. (Laughter.)
You know, the last time I attended this dinner was in 2006. A
lot has changed in those past five years. Back
then I was a newcomer who couldn’t get anything done in the
Senate. Now I’m a President who can’t get anything done in
the Senate. (Laughter.)
But it’s good to be back and have a chance to spend time with
so many members of the press. And, Susan, thank you for the
extraordinary job that you’ve done tonight. (Applause.) I know
people say that I have a testy relationship with the media —
but how can that be? I hardly ever see you. (Laughter.)
Come on, I love the press. I even sat for an interview with Bill
O’Reilly right before the Super Bowl. That was a change of
pace. (Laughter.) I don’t often get a chance to be in a room
with an ego that’s bigger than mine. (Laughter.)
And while I know I have my share of critics out there, I don’t
focus on the negative stuff. I just don’t pay much attention to it.
Most days I barely skim through the comment section of
Huffington Post — Daily Kos — Fire Dog Lake — The
Daily Dish — boingboing.net. (Laughter.)
All right, I hear the criticisms. I do. For example, I know that
people think I’m not passionate enough. That I’m too cool.
That I’m too detached. But as I was going through my daily
9
(http://www.rappler.com/specials/pope-francis-
ph/81203-full-text-pope-francis-message-youth-ust)
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
routine — sitting alone in my study — (laughter) —
meditating, thinking about how to win the future — (laughter)
— I pondered this critique, and calmly rejected it — (laughter
and applause) — as thoroughly illogical. (Laughter.)
And for all those who think I golf too much, let me be clear.
I’m not spending time on the golf course — I’m investing
time on the golf course. (Laughter.)
Here’s another criticism I haven’t paid much attention to —
we heard a little bit of it tonight — my reliance on the
teleprompter. Republicans even tried to take it away from me.
And I’m fine with that. As if I can’t speak without a —
without a — (laughter) — a teleprompter. (Laughter.) I want
to acknowledge a few people in the house tonight. Kathleen
Sebelius did a great job, didn’t she? (Applause.)
She does a great job each and every day. In these tough times
I’ve asked all my Cabinet members to cut even those things
that they care deeply about.
In Kathleen’s case, it was her once-promising political career.
(Laughter.)
My understanding is the Speaker of the House, John Boehner
— is he here? He couldn’t show up, huh? Okay. I
mean, we’ve heard a few jokes about John, and I’ve made a
few jokes over the years about John’s unusual coloring.
(Laughter.)
I used to think that it was a tan, but after seeing how often he
tears up I’ve come to realize that’s not a tan — that’s rust.
(Laughter.) Think about it. (Laughter.) I want to congratulate
my dear friend Chris Dodd on his new role as head of the
MPAA. Though I’m wondering what life experience could
possibly prepare Chris to deal with a town full of blowhards
and inflated egos. (Laughter.)
America’s favorite voyeur, TSA Administrator John Pistole is
in the house. No hard feelings, John. I mean that literally.
Please. (Laughter and applause.) Last but not least, Rahm
Emanuel is here — already hard at work on Chicago’s
problems. (Laughter.) Let me just be the first to say: Welcome
home. (Laughter and applause.) Unless anybody from the
Illinois Supreme Court is here — then welcome to
Washington. (Laughter.)
You know, the day I hired Rahm as my chief of staff,
unemployment was under 8 percent and my approval ratings
were in the 60s. So, good luck, Chicago. (Laughter.)
Thankfully, Bill Daley came over from Wall Street to take his
place. And the senior staff actually seems pretty happy with the
change — particularly the new executive bonus plan.
(Laughter.) I do have a couple of regrets to pass along. My
Secretary of State could not be with us.
I’ve dispatched Hillary to the Middle East to talk about how
these countries can transition to new leaders — though, I’ve
got to be honest, she’s gotten a little passionate about the
subject. (Laughter.) These past few weeks it’s been tough
falling asleep with Hillary out there on Pennsylvania Avenue
shouting, throwing rocks at the window. (Laughter.) Settle
down. (Laughter.)
Former Congressman Chris Lee wanted to be here tonight.
But apparently he didn’t know the rules — no shoes, no shirt,
no service. (Laughter.) Speaking of Republican exploratory
activities — (laughter) — we have quite a few considering
presidential candidacies. Of course, there’s our outstanding
speaker for the evening, Mitch Daniels. (Applause.) Did a
great job.
Mitch, I heard your friends over at FOX News told you that
you don’t look like a President. But I wouldn’t worry about it
— they say the same thing about me every single day.
(Laughter.) I know some people discount Mitch because he’s
not — as they say in the NBA — long enough. (Laughter.)
But the don’t realize how scrappy he is. I watched him during
dinner. He tore into that fillet like it was a public employee.
(Laughter and applause.) And Mitch is experienced. Before he
was governor Mitch was a pharmaceutical executive and he
was George W. Bush’s budget director. I don’t have a joke
here. I just want to point it out. (Laughter and applause.)
To all the journalists in case you didn’t know. (Laughter.)
Haley Barbour is here. And I want to thank him for working
with Michelle on the “Let’s Move” campaign. I do have one
thing to clear up, though, Haley. You know, when Michelle
said, you need to run, she didn’t mean for President. (Laughter
and applause.) I wanted to be clear about that.
Tim Pawlenty is not here. But he’s hard on the campaign trail.
To be honest, I think the American people are going to have
some tough questions for Tim — specifically, who are you?
(Laughter.) And where did you come from? (Laughter.)
Which is okay — two years into my presidency and I’m still
getting those questions. (Laughter.) But I have to say, as much
as I admire Haley, Mitch, Tim, all the others, I’m a little biased
towards my dear, dear friend, Jon Huntsman. (Laughter.)
In fact, I was just telling the Des Moines Register, nobody has
done more for my administration than Jon Huntsman.
(Laughter.) As his good friends in China might say, he is truly
the yin to my yang. (Laughter.) And I’m going to make sure
that every primary voter knows it. (Laughter.) If there’s a fish
fry for Jon Huntsman in Cedar Rapids, guess who’s going to
be at the grill. (Laughter.)
Barack Obama. (Laughter and applause.) If you see me on the
streets of Nashua, wearing my parka and waving a sign, give
me a honk for Huntsman. (Laughter.) The next GOP nominee
for President. Love that guy. (Laughter.) All these jokes are in
good fun. (Laughter.) They’re all in the spirit of bipartisanship,
a spirit that’s sweeping the nation. (Laughter.)
We’re seeing people with strong disagreements get along as
never before. You have the former Massachusetts governor
Mitt Romney, current Republican presidential candidate Mitt
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
Romney — working together every day, sharing a host body.
(Laughter.) It’s inspiring. (Laughter.) Or creepy. (Laughter.)
Depending on how you look at it. (Laughter.)
Allow me to close on a serious note.
As has already been mentioned, we meet tonight in
celebration, but also great sorrow over the loss of one of
the Gridiron’s most beloved members and one of America’s
most respected journalists. For nearly half a century, David
Broder set the standard for political coverage. He was fair. He
was honest. He was insightful. Nobody worked harder than
David or with greater dignity — even as he covered a process
that’s sometimes lacking in those qualities. He appreciated the
great pageant of democracy like nobody else. But he also
understood its deeper meaning. And his passing only reminds
us of the importance of the work that all of you do. These are
momentous times. We face extraordinary economic
challenges here at home.
We have young men and women who are making
extraordinary sacrifices, sometimes the ultimate sacrifice, for us
overseas. We’re seeing transformative change all around the
world. And yesterday we were reminded how tragedy can
strike at any moment. Tonight, of course, our thoughts and
prayers are with the people of Japan. And I want to reiterate
that the American people will stand with Japan as they recover
and they rebuild.
But whatever challenges we face and however history unfolds,
we rely on all of you — the press — to tell the story. Those of
us who are fortunate enough to be in positions of power may
have our gripes about how the media covers us, but that’s only
because your job is to hold us accountable. And none of us
would want to live in a country without that failsafe — without
a free press and freedom of expression. That’s what people all
around the world are fighting for as we speak. In some cases,
they’re dying for those rights. And that’s what many reporters
risk their lives to uphold — from Kandahar to Tripoli.
So let us protect and cherish those freedoms here at home, and
never take them for granted. And enjoy yourselves for the rest
of the evening. My understanding is — although, Susan, you
did an outstanding job keeping things on time, that the bar is
still open and will be open until midnight. Last I checked, so is
the government. (Laughter.) Thank you very much,
everybody. Thank you. (Applause.)10
Amy Schumer’s Powerful Speech About
Confidence
By: Amy Schumer
When and where: May 1, 2014 at Gloria Awards and Gala
Type: Entertainment and Informative Speech
10
(http://www.escapetyranny.com/2011/03/13/transcript-of-
obamas-funny-speech-last-night-at-the-gridiron-club/)

Here I go, and if it doesn't go well, please just don't
blog about it.
Right before I left for college, I was running my high school.
Feel it. I knew where to park, I knew where to get the best
chicken-cutlet sandwich, I knew which custodians had pot.
People knew me. They liked me. I was an athlete and a good
friend. I felt pretty, I felt funny, I felt sane. Then I got to college
in Maryland. My school was voted number one ... for the
hottest freshman girls inPlayboy that year. And not because of
me. All of a sudden, being witty and charismatic didn't mean
shit. Day after day, I could feel the confidence drain from my
body. I was not what these guys wanted. They wanted thinner,
blonder, dumber ... My sassy one-liners were only working on
the cafeteria employees, who I was visiting all too frequently,
tacking on not the Freshman 15, but the 30, in record-breaking
time, which led my mother to make comments over winter
break like, "You look healthy!" I was getting no male attention,
and I'm embarrassed to say, it was killing me.
But one guy paid me some attention — Matt. Matt was six
feet tall, he looked like a grown-up von Trapp child, and he
was five years older than me. What?! An older boy, paying
attention to me? I must be okay. Uff. I made him laugh in our
bio lab, and I could tell a couple times that we had a vibe. He
was a super senior, which is a sexy way of saying "should
have graduated, but needed an extra year." He barely spoke,
which was perfect for all the projecting I had planned for him.
We grew up in the same town, and getting attention from him
felt like success. When I would see him on campus, my heart
would race, and I would smile as he passed. I'd look in the
mirror and see all the blood rise to my face. I'd spend time
analyzing the interaction, and planning my outfit for the next
time I saw him. I wanted him to call. He never called. But then
finally, he called.
It was 8 a.m., my dorm room phone rang. "Amy, wassup? It's
Matt. Come over." Holy shit! This is it, I thought. He woke up
thinking about me! He realized we're meant to start a life
together! Let's just stop all this pretending that we weren't free
just to love one another! I wondered, would we raise our kids
in the town we both grew up in, or has he taken a liking to
Baltimore? I don't care. I'll settle wherever he's most
comfortable. Will he want to raise our kids Jewish? Who
cares? I shaved my legs in the sink, I splashed some water
under my armpits, and my randomly assigned Albanian
roommate stared at me from under her sheets as I rushed
around our shitty dorm room. I ran right over to his place,
ready for our day together. What would we do? It's still early
enough, maybe we're going fishing? Or maybe his mom's in
town, and he wanted me to join them for breakfast. Knock-
knock. Is he going to carry me over the threshold? I bet he's
fixing his hair and telling his mom, "Be cool, this may be the
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
one!" I'll be very sweet with her, but assert myself, so she
doesn't think she's completely in charge of all the holiday
dinners we're going to plan together. I'll call her by her first
name, too, so she knows she can't mess with me. "Rita! I'm
going to make the green bean casserole this year, and that's
that!" Knock-knock. Ring ring. Where is he?
Finally, the door opens. It's Matt, but not really. He's there, but
not really. His face is kind of distorted, and his eyes seem like
he can't focus on me. He's actually trying to see me from the
side, like a shark. "Hey!" he yells, too loud, and gives me a
hug, too hard. He's fucking wasted. I'm not the first person he
thought of that morning. I'm the last person he called that night.
I wonder, how many girls didn't answer before he got to fat
freshman me? Am I in his phone as Schumer? Probably. But I
was here, and I wanted to be held and touched and felt desired,
despite everything. I wanted to be with him. I imagined us on
campus together, holding hands, proving, "Look! I am
lovable! And this cool older guy likes me!" I can't be the troll
doll I'm afraid I've become.
He put on some music, and we got in bed. As that sexy
maneuver where the guy pushes you on the bed, you know,
like, "I'm taking the wheel on this one. Now I'm going to blow
your mind," which is almost never followed up with anything.
He smelled like skunk microwaved with cheeseburgers,
which I planned on finding and eating in the bathroom, as soon
as he was asleep. We tried kissing. His 9 a.m. shadow was
scratching my face — I knew it'd look like I had fruit-punch
mouth for days after. His alcohol-swollen mouth, I felt like I
was being tongued by someone who had just been given
Novocain. I felt faceless, and nameless. I was just a warm
body, and I was freezing cold. His fingers poked inside me like
they had lost their keys in there. And then came the sex, and I
use that word very loosely. His penis was so soft, it felt like one
of those de-stress things that slips from your hand? So he was
pushing aggressively into my thigh, and during this failed
penetration, I looked around the room to try and distract myself
or God willing, disassociate. What's on the wall?
A Scarfaceposter, of course. Mandatory. Anything else? That's
it? This Irish-Catholic son of bank teller who played JV soccer
and did Mathletes feels the most connection with a Cuban
refugee drug lord. The place looked like it was decorated by an
overeager set designer who took the note "temporary and
without substance" too far.
He started to go down on me. That's ambitious, I think. Is it still
considered getting head if the guy falls asleep every three
seconds and moves his tongue like an elderly person eating
their last oatmeal? Chelsea? Is it? Yes? It is. I want to scream
for myself, "Get out of here, Amy. You are beautiful, you are
smart, and worth more than this. This is not where you stay." I
feel like Fantine and Cosette and every fucking sad French
woman from Les Miz. And whoever that cat was who sang
"Memories," what was that musical? Suze Orman just goes,
"Cats." The only wetness between my legs is from his drool,
because he's now sleeping and snoring into me. I sigh, I hear
my own heartbreak, I fight back my own tears, and then I
notice a change in the music. Is this just a bagpipe solo? I shake
him awake. "Matt, what is this? The Braveheart soundtrack?
Can you put something else on, please?" He wakes up
grumpily, falls to the floor, and crawls. I look at his exposed
butt crack, a dark, unkempt abyss that I was falling into. I felt
paralyzed. His asshole is a canyon, and this was my 127
Hours. I might chew my arm off.
I could feel I was losing myself to this girl in this bed. He stood
up and put a new CD on. "Darling, you send me, I know you
send me, honest, you do ..." I'm thinking, "What is this?" He
crawled back into bed, and tried to mash at this point his third
ball into my vagina. On his fourth thrust, he gave up and fell
asleep on my breast. His head was heavy and his breath was
so sour, I had to turn my head so my eyes didn't water. But
they were watering anyway, because of this song. Who is this?
This is so beautiful. I've never heard these songs before.
They're gutting me. The score attached to our morning couldn't
have been more off. His sloppy, tentative lovemaking was
certainly not in the spirit of William Wallace. And now the
most beautiful love songs I've ever heard play out as this man-
boy laid in my arms, after diminishing me to a last-minute
booty call. I listened to the songs and I cried. I was looking
down at myself from the ceiling fan. What happened to this
girl? How did she get here? I felt the fan on my skin and I
went, "Oh, wait! I am this girl! We got to get me out of here!" I
became my own fairy godmother. I waited until the last perfect
note floated out, and escaped from under him and out the door.
I never heard from Matt again, but felt only grateful for being
introduced to my new self, a girl who got her value from
within her. I'm also grateful to Matt for introducing me to my
love Sam Cooke, who I'm still with today.
Now I feel strong and beautiful. I walk proudly down the
streets of Manhattan. The people I love, love me. I make the
funniest people in the country laugh, and they are my friends. I
am a great friend and an even better sister. I have fought my
way through harsh criticism and death threats for speaking my
mind. I am alive, like the strong women in this room before
me. I am a hot-blooded fighter and I am fearless. But I did
morning radio last week, and a DJ asked, "Have you gained
weight? You seem chunkier to me. You should strike while
the iron is hot, Amy." And it's all gone. In an instant, it's all
stripped away. I wrote an article for Men's Health and was so
proud, until I saw instead of using my photo, they used one of
a 16-year-old model wearing a clown nose, to show that she's
hilarious. But those are my words. What about who I am, and
what I have to say? I can be reduced to that lost college
freshman so quickly sometimes, I want to quit. Not
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
performing, but being a woman altogether. I want to throw my
hands in the air, after reading a mean Twitter comment, and
say, "All right! You got it. You figured me out. I'm not pretty.
I'm not thin. I do not deserve to use my voice. I'll start wearing a
burqa and start waiting tables at a pancake house. All my self-
worth is based on what you can see." But then I think, Fuck
that. I am not laying in that freshman year bed anymore ever
again. I am a woman with thoughts and questions and shit to
say. I say if I'm beautiful. I say if I'm strong. You will not
determine my story — I will. I will speak and share and fuck
and love and I will never apologize to the frightened millions
who resent that they never had it in them to do it. I stand here
and I am amazing, for you. Not because of you. I am not who
I sleep with. I am not my weight. I am not my mother. I am
myself. And I am all of you, and I thank you.11
Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago Doing Stand-
up Comedy at UP
By: Miriam Defensor-Santiago
When and where: September 15, 2011 at UP Law
Type: Entertainment and Informative Speech
[…] because I got a message from my friends from Twitter
and Facebook. The message is:
 “Para fair ang labanan sa susunod magpadala tayo
ng interpreter sa Ms. Universe. Ipadala natin si
Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago. Pwede na rin si
Kuya Kim Atienza para may kaunting trivia.”
When I was a student here I was a very, very committed
student, I was very, very busy not only trying to stay in the
honor roll, but also in many various extra-curricular activities.
For example, I was editor of the Philippine Collegian, and at
the same time I was [co-sponsor] of the UP ROTC not once
but twice. This only shows that lightning can strike twice. I
never had time to get picked up by any of the males, because at
that time I was fully convinced that all males had the brains of
an amoeba.
[…] someone very close to me and actually, you’ll be
surprised, someone very shy. So I told her, you must meet the
students of Metro Manila, and you’ll see how impressive they
are. I want her to stand up so you can see her, Ms. Heart
Evangelista. She’s a twice-awarded best actress in Philippine
films, but she has no self-confidence, I discovered. If you want
to teach her self-confidence, can you please first get in touch
11
(http://www.vulture.com/2014/05/read-amy-
schumers-ms-gala-speech.html)
with me, so I can verify if your intentions are honorable.
Actually she’s available at Facebook.
She told me yesterday when she got lost in Hong Kong and a
man was following her from floor to floor in a department
store. She got very frightened and had an almost traumatic
experience, and burst into tears. That is the kind of feminine
personality Heart has. So I told her, “No, why should you get
frightened? You should have turned around and confronted
your fears. You should’ve stood up very straight in front of that
Chinaman, and you should have said, ‘See anything you like?
Anything? It’s 50 dollars. For 50 dollars more your wife can
watch.’” If you keep coming with me, Heart, you will get
educated.
I was a very, very committed student. I always woke up at five
o’clock and then went to church. And then I devoted myself to
studying the entire day and the entire night, which was the
opposite of what my dormmates used to do. They devoted
themselves to, let us call it, extra-sexual activities. And when
exam week came, they all went to St. Jude, the patron saint of
the impossible.
I never got picked up by anybody, either here in the Philippines
or abroad. But now I know there are certain pick-up lines
which will prove irresistible.
Why don’t you try the following?
 Kung magkakaroon ako ng sariling planeta, gusto
ko ikaw ang axis nito, para sayo lang iikot ang
mundo ko.
 Sana FB status ka na lang, para pwede kitang i-like.
 Ibenta mo na bahay mo, total nandidito ka na,
nakatira sa puso ko.
 Sana naka-off ang ilaw, para tayo na lang mag-on.
 Noodles ka ba, kasi Lucky Me?
 […] parang see-saw, pag wala ka, down ako.
 Para kang hold-upper, lahat ibibigay ko sayo, wag
mo lang akong saktan.
 Galing mo din, ano? Di mo pa ko binabato
tinamaan mo na ako.
 Maglaro tayo ng kahit ano, wag lang taguan, kasi a
girl like you is hard to find.
 Sana exam mo na lang ako, para sagutin mo rin
ako.
 Bastos ka rin, ano? Di ka man lang nagpapaalam
tuloy-tuloy kang pumasok sa puso ko.
 Google ka ba? Lahat kasi ng hinahanap ko sayo ko
natagpuan.
 Nakalimutan ko pangalan mo, eh. Pwede bang
tawagin na lang kitang… akin?
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
 Nakalunok ka ba ng kwitis, kasi pag ngumiti ka,
may spark
This is what Dr. […] Cabral said to Dr. Esperanza Cabral,
when they were both students in the UP College of Medicine.
 Sana ikaw ang cardiologist ko, para ikaw ang mag-
aalaga sa puso ko.
 Sana scientist ako, para ikaw naman ang lab ko.
 Tindera ka ba ng yosi? Kasi you give me Hope…
and More.
 Para kang cactus, kasi handa akong masaktan,
mayakap ka lang.
 Pag wala ka ang buhay ko parang lapis na hindi
natasahan: pointless.
Let’s go to Q&A.
Q: Pano mo sasabihin sa isang babae na mataba siya na hindi
siya mababastos?
A: Excuse me, Miss, Mang Tomas ba ang lotion mo?
GUY 1: May sagot ka ba sa exam?
GUY 2: Puro blanko.
GUY 1: Patay.
GUY 2: Bakit?
GUY 1: Baka isipin nila nagkopyahan tayo.
I never thought I was going to enter politics coz I was studying
hard here in UP to prepare for my future. I always thought that
I would someday be a rocket scientist, astrophysicist, or even a
lion-tamer. I never wanted to enter politics. I was simply forced
by the circumstances. I’m afraid I was seduced by the young
people of this country.
Once I entered politics, it became natural, being a civil, God-
fearing, law-abiding citizen, for me to lose my temper, because
politicians are… [waves hand down].
So… kelangan minsan sa politika, para lang mabuhay sa
pulitika, to survive, if not to prevail, kelangan mataray ka. Iba
naman klaseng taray ito. Eto nga yun sinasabi ko.
 Di ko sinasabing maganda ako. Sinasabi ko lang,
pangit ka.
 Pag nakikita kita, parang gusto kong magsorry sa
mga mata ko.
 Wife: Ibili mo ako ng bagong bra.
Husband: Wag ka ng mag-bra, maliit naman boobs mo.
Wife: Eh bakit ikaw, nagbebrief ka pa?
Heart Evangelista is so beautiful people often tell her how
beautiful she is. And she always says she feels extremely
mortified when she hears it. So I told her, “Don’t do that! Why
should you be so shy and why should you be embarrassed?”
And I told her, “When someone told me, ‘Ang ganda mo’ I
answered ‘Sana ikaw rin.’”
In a swimming pool:
Classmate 1: I’m sure lulutang ka.
Classmate 2: Bakit? Dahil payat ako?
Classmate 1: Hindi, dahil plastic ka.
When the cashier at the grocery said, “Miss, pwedeng candy
na lang ang sukli ko sa iyo?” I answered “Bakit, tsokolate ba
ang ibinayad ko?”
The husband said, “When I’m gone you’ll never find another
man like me.” The wife replied, “What makes you think I’d
want another man like you?”
This is what I learned in my eight years in UP. I never learned
this when I went to Harvard, Cambridge or Oxford, they were
just dull. I will now go to my assigned topic. [Licks lips]12
Barack Obama Speech - Against Going To War
With Iraq
By: Barack Obama
When and where: Wednesday, October 2, 2002 at Chicago
Type: Informative and Persuasive Speech
Good afternoon. Let me begin by saying that although this
has been billed as an anti-war rally, I stand before you as
someone who is not opposed to war in all circumstances.
The Civil War was one of the bloodiest in history, and yet it
was only through the crucible of the sword, the sacrifice of
multitudes, that we could begin to perfect this union, and drive
the scourge of slavery from our soil. I don’t oppose all wars.
My grandfather signed up for a war the day after Pearl Harbor
was bombed, fought in Patton’s army. He saw the dead and
dying across the fields of Europe; he heard the stories of fellow
troops who first entered Auschwitz and Treblinka. He fought
in the name of a larger freedom, part of that arsenal of
democracy that triumphed over evil, and he did not fight in
vain.
I don’t oppose all wars.
12
(http://akinpinoy.blogspot.com/2011/09/funny-
speech-by-senator-miriam-defensor.html)
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
After September 11th, after witnessing the carnage and
destruction, the dust and the tears, I supported this
Administration’s pledge to hunt down and root out those who
would slaughter innocents in the name of intolerance, and I
would willingly take up arms myself to prevent such a tragedy
from happening again.
I don’t oppose all wars. And I know that in this crowd today,
there is no shortage of patriots, or of patriotism. What I am
opposed to is a dumb war. What I am opposed to is a rash war.
What I am opposed to is the cynical attempt by Richard Perle
and Paul Wolfowitz and other arm-chair, weekend warriors in
this Administration to shove their own ideological agendas
down our throats, irrespective of the costs in lives lost and in
hardships borne.
What I am opposed to is the attempt by political hacks like
Karl Rove to distract us from a rise in the uninsured, a rise in
the poverty rate, a drop in the median income – to distract us
from corporate scandals and a stock market that has just gone
through the worst month since the Great Depression.
That’s what I’m opposed to. A dumb war. A rash war. A war
based not on reason but on passion, not on principle but on
politics.
Now let me be clear – I suffer no illusions about Saddam
Hussein. He is a brutal man. A ruthless man. A man who
butchers his own people to secure his own power. He has
repeatedly defied UN resolutions, thwarted UN inspection
teams, developed chemical and biological weapons, and
coveted nuclear capacity.
He’s a bad guy. The world, and the Iraqi people, would be
better off without him.
But I also know that Saddam poses no imminent and direct
threat to the United States, or to his neighbors, that the Iraqi
economy is in shambles, that the Iraqi military a fraction of its
former strength, and that in concert with the international
community he can be contained until, in the way of all petty
dictators, he falls away into the dustbin of history.
I know that even a successful war against Iraq will require a
US occupation of undetermined length, at undetermined cost,
with undetermined consequences. I know that an invasion of
Iraq without a clear rationale and without strong international
support will only fan the flames of the Middle East, and
encourage the worst, rather than best, impulses of the Arab
world, and strengthen the recruitment arm of al-Qaeda.
I am not opposed to all wars. I’m opposed to dumb wars.
So for those of us who seek a more just and secure world for
our children, let us send a clear message to the president today.
You want a fight, President Bush? Let’s finish the fight with
Bin Laden and al-Qaeda, through effective, coordinated
intelligence, and a shutting down of the financial networks that
support terrorism, and a homeland security program that
involves more than color-coded warnings.
You want a fight, President Bush? Let’s fight to make sure that
the UN inspectors can do their work, and that we vigorously
enforce a non-proliferation treaty, and that former enemies and
current allies like Russia safeguard and ultimately eliminate
their stores of nuclear material, and that nations like Pakistan
and India never use the terrible weapons already in their
possession, and that the arms merchants in our own country
stop feeding the countless wars that rage across the globe.
You want a fight, President Bush? Let’s fight to make sure our
so-called allies in the Middle East, the Saudis and the
Egyptians, stop oppressing their own people, and suppressing
dissent, and tolerating corruption and inequality, and
mismanaging their economies so that their youth grow up
without education, without prospects, without hope, the ready
recruits of terrorist cells.
You want a fight, President Bush? Let’s fight to wean
ourselves off Middle East oil, through an energy policy that
doesn’t simply serve the interests of Exxon and Mobil.
Those are the battles that we need to fight. Those are the battles
that we willingly join. The battles against ignorance and
intolerance. Corruption and greed. Poverty and despair.
The consequences of war are dire, the sacrifices immeasurable.
We may have occasion in our lifetime to once again rise up in
defense of our freedom, and pay the wages of war. But we
ought not – we will not – travel down that hellish path blindly.
Nor should we allow those who would march off and pay the
ultimate sacrifice, who would prove the full measure of
devotion with their blood, to make such an awful sacrifice in
vain.13
John Wilkes Speech - Coercive Measures In
America
By: John Wilkes
13
(http://www.famous-speeches-and-speech-
topics.info/famous-speeches/barack-obama-speech-against-
going-to-war-with-iraq.htm)
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
When and where: During 1775 on the House of Commons
Type: Informative and Persuasive Speech
The address to the king, upon the disturbances in
North America, now reported from the Committee of the
whole House, appears to be unfounded, rash, and sanguinary.
It draws the sword unjustly against America. It mentions, sir,
the particular Province of Massachusetts Bay as in a state of
actual rebellion. The other provinces are held out to our
indignation as aiding and abetting. Arguments have been
employed to involve them in all the consequences of an open,
declared rebellion, and to obtain the fullest orders for our
officers and troops to act against them as rebels.
Whether their present state is that of rebellion, or of a fit and just
resistance to unlawful acts of power—resistance to our
attempts to rob them of their property and liberties, as they
imagine—I shall not declare. This I know: a successful
resistance is a revolution, not a rebellion! Rebellion indeed
appears on the back of a flying enemy; but revolution flames
on the breast-plate of the victorious warrior. Who can tell, sir,
whether, in consequence of this day’s violent and mad address
to his majesty, the scabbard may not be thrown away by them
as well as by us; and, should success attend them, whether, in a
few years, the independent Americans may not celebrate the
glorious era of the Revolution of 1775, as we do that of 1688?
The policy, sir, of this measure, I can no more comprehend,
than I can acknowledge the justice of it. Is your force adequate
to the attempt? I am satisfied it is not. Boston, indeed, you may
lay in ashes, or it may be made a strong garrison; but the
province will be lost to you. Boston will be like Gibraltar. You
will hold, in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, as you do in
Spain, a single town, while the whole country remains in the
power and possession of the enemy. Where your fleets and
armies are stationed, the possession will be secured, while they
continue; but all the rest will be lost. In the great scale of
empire, you will decline, I fear, from the decision of this day;
and the Americans will rise to independence, to power, to all
the greatness of the most renowned states! For they build on
the solid basis of general public liberty.
I tremble, sir, at the almost certain consequences of such an
address, founded in cruelty and injustice, equally contrary to
the sound maxims of true policy, and the unerring rule of
natural right. The Americans will certainly defend their
property and their liberties with the spirit which our ancestors
exerted, and which, I hope, we should exert, on a like occasion.
They will sooner declare themselves independent, and risk
every consequence of such a contest, than submit to the galling
yoke which administration is preparing for them. An address
of this sanguinary nature cannot fail of driving them to despair.
They will see that you are preparing, not only to draw the
sword, but to burn the scabbard. In the most harsh manner you
are declaring them rebels! Every idea of a reconciliation will
now vanish. They will pursue the most vigorous course in their
own defence. The whole continent of North America will be
dismembered from Great Britain, and the wide arch of the
raised empire will fall. But may the just vengeance of the
people overtake the authors of these pernicious counsels! May
the loss of the first province of the empire be speedily followed
by the loss of the heads of those ministers who have persisted
in these wicked, these fatal, these most disastrous measures!14
King Edward VIII - Abdication Speech
By: King Edward VIII
When and where: December 11, 1936 at England
Type: Informative Speech
At long last I am able to say a few words of my own. I have
never wanted to withhold anything, but until now it has not
been constitutionally possible for me to speak.
A few hours ago I discharged my last duty as King and
Emperor, and now that I have been succeeded by my brother,
the Duke of York, my first words must be to declare my
allegiance to him. This I do with all my heart.
You all know the reasons which have impelled me to
renounce the throne.
But I want you to understand that in making up my mind I did
not forget the country or the empire, which, as Prince of Wales
and lately as King, I have for twenty-five years tried to serve.
But you must believe me when I tell you that I have found it
impossible to carry the heavy burden of responsibility and to
discharge my duties as King as I would wish to do without the
help and support of the woman I love.
And I want you to know that the decision I have made has
been mine and mine alone. This was a thing I had to judge
entirely for myself. The other person most nearly concerned
has tried up to the last to persuade me to take a different course.
I have made this, the most serious decision of my life, only
upon the single thought of what would, in the end, be best for
all.
This decision has been made less difficult to me by the sure
knowledge that my brother, with his long training in the public
affairs of this country and with his fine qualities, will be able to
take my place forthwith without interruption or injury to the life
and progress of the empire. And he has one matchless
14
(http://www.famous-speeches-and-speech-
topics.info/famous-speeches/john-wilkes-speech-coercive-
measures-in-america.htm)
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
blessing, enjoyed by so many of you, and not bestowed on me
-- a happy home with his wife and children.
During these hard days I have been comforted by her majesty
my mother and by my family. The ministers of the crown, and
in particular, Mr. Baldwin, the Prime Minister, have always
treated me with full consideration. There has never been any
constitutional difference between me and them, and between
me and Parliament. Bred in the constitutional tradition by my
father, I should never have allowed any such issue to arise.
Ever since I was Prince of Wales, and later on when I
occupied the throne, I have been treated with the greatest
kindness by all classes of the people wherever I have lived or
journeyed throughout the empire. For that I am very grateful.
I now quit altogether public affairs and I lay down my burden.
It may be some time before I return to my native land, but I
shall always follow the fortunes of the British race and empire
with profound interest, and if at any time in the future I can be
found of service to his majesty in a private station, I shall not
fail.
And now, we all have a new King. I wish him and you, his
people, happiness and prosperity with all my heart. God bless
you all! God save the King!15
Angelina Jolie’s powerful speech at the first ever
End Sexual Violence in Conflict summit in London.
By: Angelina Jolie
When and Where: July 28, 2013 at the Sexual Violence in
Conflict summit in London
Type: Persuasive and Informative Speech
Mr. President, Secretary General, Foreign Ministers;
it is an honour to address this Council; and I thank Foreign
Secretary Hague for the United Kingdom’s leadership.
The Security Council was established 67 years ago, and has
witnessed 67 years of wars and conflict.
But the Security Council has yet to take up warzone rape as a
serious priority.
Hundreds of thousands – if not millions – of women, children
and men have been raped in conflicts in our lifetimes.
The numbers are so vast, and the subject so painful that we
have to stop to remember that…
…behind each number is someone with a name, a personality,
a story, and dreams no different from ours and those of our
children.
15
(http://www.famous-speeches-and-speech-
topics.info/famous-speeches/king-edward-viii-
speech-abdication.htm)
Let us be clear what we are speaking of:
Young girls raped and impregnated before their bodies are
able to carry a child, causing fistula.
Boys held at gunpoint and forced to sexually assault their
mothers and sisters.
Women raped with bottles, wood branches and knives to
cause as much damage as possible.
Toddlers and even babies dragged from their homes, and
violated.
I will never forget the survivors that I have met, or what they
told me:
The mother in Goma whose five year old daughter had been
raped right outside a police station; in plain view.
Or the woman who I met Syria last week, who asked I hide
her name and face; because she knew if she spoke out about
the crimes committed against her, she would be attacked
again – and possibly killed.
Rape is a tool of war. It is an act of aggression, and a crime
against humanity.
It is inflicted intentionally to destroy the woman, the family and
the community.
It ruins lives and fuels conflict.
The United Nations Charter is clear: You, the Security
Council, have “primary responsibility for the maintenance of
international peace and security”.
Rape as a weapon of war is an assault on security. And the
world in which these crimes happens is one in which there is
not and never will be peace.
Addressing warzone sexual violence is therefore your
responsibility, as well as the duty of governments in countries
afflicted by it.
The fact is that in many conflict situations there is no
government to take responsibility. So there is no protection
and no accountability.
When governments cannot act, the UN Security Council must
step in to provide leadership and assistance.
For these crimes happen not because they are inherent to war,
but because the global climate allows it. That five year old girl
was raped because her attacker knew he would get away with
it.
FULGENCIO, JAYVEE P. TYPES OF SPEECHES
STEM-1 ORAL COMMUNICATION
And because the world has not treated this as a priority, there
have only been a handful of prosecutions for hundreds of
thousands of survivors.
They suffer most at the hands of their rapists, but they are also
victims of this culture of impunity.
That is the sad, upsetting and indeed shameful reality.
I understand that there are many things that are difficult for the
UN Security Council to agree on. But sexual violence in
conflict should not be one of them.
That it is a crime to rape young children is not something I
imagine anyone in this room would not be able to agree on.
The rights and wrongs of this issue are straightforward; and the
actions that need to be taken have been identified.
What is needed is political will, and that is what is being asked
of your countries today:
To act on the knowledge of what is right and what is unjust;
and to show the determination to do something about it.
Every country in the world is affected by sexual violence in
one form or another, from domestic abuse to female genital
mutilation.
So all countries have a responsibility to step forward. But the
starting point must be you, the UN Security Council,
shouldering your responsibilities and showing leadership.
To women in refugee camps, or those struggling to survive in
war-torn communities, there is no greater power in the world
that can stand by them.
That young Syrian rape victim is here, because you represent
her.
That five year old child in the Congo must count, because you
represent her.
And in her eyes, if her attacker gets away with his crimes, it is
because you have allowed it.
You set the bar. If the United Nations Security Council sets
rape and sexual violence in conflict as a priority it will become
one and progress will be made.
If you do not, this horror will continue.
I thank and encourage those countries that are already setting a
powerful example. My plea to all of you is to adopt and
implement the Resolution before you; So that perpetrators are
finally held to account, and survivors can at last feel safer on the
ground.
And please, do not let this issue fall when you leave this
chamber: Meet your commitments, debate this issue in your
parliaments, mobilize people in your countries, and build it
into all your foreign policy efforts; so that together you can turn
the tide of global opinion, shatter impunity and finally put an
end this abhorrence.
Thank you.16
I have a dream
By: Martin Luther King
When and Where: August 28, 1963 in Washington, D.C.
Type: Persuasive and Informative Speech
I am happy to join with you today in what will go
down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in
the history of our nation.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic
shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation
Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon
light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared
in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous
daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.
But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One
hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled
by the manacles of segregation and the chains of
discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a
lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material
prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still
languished in the corners of American society and finds
himself an exile in his own land. And so we've come here
today to dramatize a shameful condition.
In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check.
When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent
words of the Constitution and the Declaration of
Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which
every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that
all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be
guaranteed the "unalienable Rights" of "Life, Liberty and the
pursuit of Happiness." It is obvious today that America has
defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of
color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation,
America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check
which has come back marked "insufficient funds."
16
(http://www.duarte.com/blog/great-persuasive-
speech-2013-angelina-jolie/)
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But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.
We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the
great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so, we've come
to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the
riches of freedom and the security of justice.
We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America
of the fierce urgency of Now. This is no time to engage in the
luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of
gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of
democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate
valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is
the time to lift our nation from the quicksand of racial injustice
to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make
justice a reality for all of God's children.
It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the
moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate
discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of
freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a
beginning. And those who hope that the Negro needed to
blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude
awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. And there
will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is
granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will
continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright
day of justice emerges.
But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand
on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice: In
the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty
of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for
freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We
must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity
and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to
degenerate into physical violence. Again and again, we must
rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul
force.
The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro
community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people,
for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence
here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up
with our destiny. And they have come to realize that their
freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.
We cannot walk alone.
And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall
always march ahead.
We cannot turn back.
There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights,
"When will you be satisfied?" We can never be satisfied as
long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of
police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our
bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in
the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.*We
cannot be satisfied as long as the negro's basic mobility is from
a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as
long as our children are stripped of their self-hood and robbed
of their dignity by signs stating: "For Whites Only."* We
cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot
vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for
which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be
satisfied until "justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness
like a mighty stream."¹
I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of
great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from
narrow jail cells. And some of you have come from areas
where your quest -- quest for freedom left you battered by the
storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police
brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering.
Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is
redemptive. Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go
back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to
Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern
cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be
changed.
Let us not wallow in the valley of despair, I say to you today,
my friends.
And so even though we face the difficulties of today and
tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in
the American dream.
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out
the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-
evident, that all men are created equal."
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the
sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will
be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.
I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a
state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the
heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of
freedom and justice.
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a
nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin
but by the content of their character.
I have a dream today!
I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious
racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the
words of "interposition" and "nullification" -- one day right
there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to
join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and
brothers.
I have a dream today!
I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and
every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places
will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made
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straight; "and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all
flesh shall see it together."2
This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South
with.
With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of
despair a stone of hope. With this faith, we will be able to
transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful
symphony of brotherhood. With this faith, we will be able to
work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail
together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we
will be free one day.
And this will be the day -- this will be the day when all of
God's children will be able to sing with new meaning:
My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.
Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride,
From every mountainside, let freedom ring!
And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.
And so let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New
Hampshire.
Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.
Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of
Pennsylvania.
Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado.
Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California.
But not only that:
Let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia.
Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.
Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.
From every mountainside, let freedom ring.
And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring,
when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from
every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day
when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews
and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join
hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:
Free at last! Free at last!
Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!17
The Great Society
By: Lyndon B. Johnson
When and Where: May 22, 1964 at the University of
Michigan
Type: Persuasive and Informative Speech
17
(http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkiha
veadream.htm)
 President Hatcher, Governor Romney, Senators
McNamara and Hart, Congressmen Header and Staebler, and
other members of the fine Michigan delegation, members of
the graduating class, my fellow Americans:
It is a great pleasure to be here today. This university has been
coeducational since 1870, but I do not believe it was on the
basis of your accomplishments that a Detroit high school girl
said, "In choosing a college, you first have to decide whether
you want a coeducational school or an educational school."
Well, we can find both here at Michigan, although perhaps at
different hours. I came out here today very anxious to meet the
Michigan student whose father told a friend of mine that his
son's education had been a real value. It stopped his mother
from bragging about him.
I have come today from the turmoil of your Capital to the
tranquillity of your campus to speak about the future of your
country.
The purpose of protecting the life of our Nation and preserving
the liberty of our citizens is to pursue the happiness of our
people. Our success in that pursuit is the test of our success as a
Nation.
For a century we laboured to settle and to subdue a continent.
For half a century we called upon unbounded invention and
untiring industry to create an order of plenty for all of our
people.
The challenge of the next half century is whether we have the
wisdom to use that wealth to enrich and elevate our national
life, and to advance the quality of our American civilization.
Your imagination, your initiative, and your indignation will
determine whether we build a society where progress is the
servant of our needs, or a society where old values and new
visions are buried under unbridled growth. For in your time we
have the opportunity to move not only toward the rich society
and the powerful society, but upward to the Great Society.
The Great Society rests on abundance and liberty for all. It
demands an end to poverty and racial injustice, to which we
are totally committed in our time. But that is just the beginning.
The Great Society is a place where every child can find
knowledge to enrich his mind and to enlarge his talents. It is a
place where leisure is a welcome chance to build and reflect,
not a feared cause of boredom and restlessness. It is a place
where the city of man serves not only the needs of the body
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and the demands of commerce but the desire for beauty and
the hunger for community.
It is a place where man can renew contact with nature. It is a
place which honours creation for its own sake and for what it
adds to the understanding of the race. It is a place where men
are more concerned with the quality of their goals than the
quantity of their goods.
But most of all, the Great Society is not a safe harbour, a resting
place, a final objective, a finished work. It is a challenge
constantly renewed, beckoning us toward a destiny where the
meaning of our lives matches the marvellous products of our
labour.
So I want to talk to you today about three places where we
begin to build the Great Society - in our cities, in our
countryside, and in our classrooms.
Many of you will live to see the day, perhaps 50 years from
now, when there will be 400 million Americans - four-fifths of
them in urban areas. In the remainder of this century urban
population will double, city land will double, and we will have
to build homes, highways, and facilities equal to all those built
since this country was first settled. So in the next 40 years we
must rebuild the entire urban United States.
Aristotle said: "Men come together in cities in order to live, but
they remain together in order to live the good life." It is harder
and harder to live the good life in American cities today. The
catalogue of ills is long: there is the decay of the centres and the
despoiling of the suburbs. There is not enough housing for our
people or transportation for our traffic. Open land is vanishing
and old landmarks are violated.
Worst of all, expansion is eroding the precious and time
honoured values of community with neighbours and
communion with nature. The loss of these values breeds
loneliness and boredom and indifference.
Our society will never be great until our cities are great. Today
the frontier of imagination and innovation is inside those cities
and not beyond their borders. New experiments are already
going on. It will be the task of your generation to make the
American city a place where future generations will come, not
only to live but to live the good life.
I understand that if I stayed here tonight I would see that
Michigan students are really doing their best to live the good
life.
This is the place where the Peace Corps was started. It is
inspiring to see how all of you, while you are in this country,
are trying so hard to live at the level of the people.

A second place where we begin to build the Great Society is in

our countryside. We have always prided ourselves on being
not only America the strong and America the free, but
America the beautiful. Today that beauty is in danger. The
water we drink, the food we eat, the very air that we breathe,
are threatened with pollution. Our parks are overcrowded, our
seashores overburdened. Green fields and dense forests are
disappearing.

A few years ago we were greatly concerned about the "Ugly

American." Today we must act to prevent an ugly America.

For once the battle is lost, once our natural splendour is

destroyed, it can never be recaptured. And once man can no
longer walk with beauty or wonder at nature his spirit will
wither and his sustenance be wasted. A third place to build the
Great Society is in the classrooms of America. There your
children's lives will be shaped. Our society will not be great
until every young mind is set free to scan the farthest reaches of
thought and imagination. We are still far from that goal.18

18
(http://www.famous-speeches-and-speech-
topics.info/presidential-speeches/lyndon-b-johnson-
the-great-society.htm)

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