SECTION 03350 : CONCRETE TOPPINGS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1. RELATED DOCUMENTS

A. Drawings and general provisions of Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and
Division 1 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

1.2. SUMMARY

A. This Section includes concrete floor toppings applied over previously placed base slabs.

B. Types of concrete floor toppings include:

1. Standard aggregate toppings.

2. Mechanically ground topping finishes.

1.3. REFERENCES

A. Comply with requirements of Section "Cast-In-Place Concrete" and as herein specified.

1.4. SUBMITTALS

A. Furnish product data, samples, laboratory test reports, and materials certificates as specified in
Section "Cast-In-Place Concrete."

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1. CEMENT AND AGGREGATES

A. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I or Type III;

1. Furnish white cement if required to obtain finish color to match Architect's sample.

B. Normal Weight Aggregate: ASTM C 33, and as follows:

1. Fine aggregate, consisting of sand or crushed stone screenings, clean, hard, free of deleterious
matter. Grade by weight to pass sieves as follows:

a. 9 mm : 100 percent
b. No. 4 : 95-100 percent
c. No. 8 : 80-90 percent
d. No. 16 : 50-75 percent
e. No. 30 : 30-50 percent
f. No. 50 : 10-20 percent
g. No. 100 : 2-5 percent

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 2. Coarse aggregate, consisting of gravel or crushed stone, clean, hard, free of deleterious
matter. Grade by weight to pass sieves as follows:

a. 12 mm : 100 percent
b. 9 mm : 30-50 percent
c. No. 4 : 0-15 percent
d. No. 8 : 0-5 percent

C. Reinforcement: ASTM A 185, welded steel wire fabric.

2.2. TOPPING MIX

A. Standard Topping: Design mix to produce topping material with the following characteristics:

1. Compressive strength: 24 MPa at 28 days.

2. Slump: 200 mm maximum at point of placement for concrete containing high-range
water-reducing admixture (super-plasticizer) and 150 mm maximum for other concrete.
3. Maximum W/C ratio: 0.51.

2.3. MIXING

A. Provide batch type mechanical mixer for mixing topping material at Project site. Equip batch mixer
with a suitable charging hopper, water storage tank, and a water measuring device. Use only
mixers that are capable of mixing aggregates, cement, and water into a uniform mix within
specified time, and of discharging mix without segregation.

B. Mix each batch of 1.5 cu. m. or less for at least 1-1/2 minutes after ingredients are in mixer.
Increase mixing time 15 seconds for each additional cu. yd. or fraction thereof.

1. Ready-mixed topping may be used when acceptable to Architect. When acceptable, furnish
ready-mixed topping complying with requirements of ASTM C 94.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1. CONDITION OF SURFACES

A. Topping Applied to Fresh Concrete: Do not begin placement of topping until water ceases to rise to
surface, and water and laitance have been removed from base slab surface.

B. Topping Applied to Hardened Concrete : Remove dirt, loose material, oil, grease, paint, or other
contaminants, leaving a clean surface.

1. When base slab surface is unacceptable for good bonding, roughen surface by chipping or
scarifying before cleaning. Prior to placing topping mixture, thoroughly dampen slab surface
but do not leave standing water. Over dampened surface apply specified bonding compound
(rewettable or nonrewettable) or epoxy adhesive. Place topping mix after rewettable bonding
compound has dried or while nonrewettable bonding compound or epoxy adhesive is still
tacky.

B. For reinforced toppings, provide necessary chairs or supports, and maintain position of reinforcing
mesh as shown on drawings.

C. Joints: Mark locations of joints in base slab so that joints in top course will be placed directly over
them.

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3.2. PREPARATION

A. Float Finish: Spread topping mixture evenly over prepared base to the required elevation and
strike off. Use highway straightedge, bull float, or darby to level surface. After the topping has
stiffened sufficiently to permit the operation, and water sheen has disappeared, float the surface at
least twice to a uniform sandy texture. Restraighten where necessary with highway straightedge.
The surface shall achieve an F/F of 20 and F/L of 17 tolerance when tested in accordance with
ASTM E 1155. Uniformly slope surface to drains.

B. Where joints are required, construct to match and coincide with joints in base slab. Provide other
joints as shown.

C. Trowel Finish: After floating, begin first trowel finish operation using power driven trowels.
Continue troweling until surface is ready to receive final troweling. Begin final troweling when a
ringing sound is produced as trowel is moved over surface.

D. Continue final trowel operation to produce finished surface free of trowel marks, uniform in texture
and appearance, and achieving an F/F of 25 and F/L of 20 tolerance when tested in accordance
with ASTM E 1155.

E. Ground Surface Finish: Begin surface grinding, using power-driven, abrasive stone floor grinders,
after wearing course has hardened sufficiently to prevent displacing aggregate particles. Keep
floor wet during grinding process. Remove ground-off material with squeegee and flush with water.

F. Fill air holes, pits, and other blemishes with cement grout of same materials as used for topping.
Spread grout over surface and work into openings with a steel straight edge. Rub grout into floor
surface by using grinding machine. Keep floor moist an additional 3 days before final grinding.

G. When topping surface is in proper condition, begin second or final grinding to remove grout film and
polish surface. After final grinding and polishing, wash thoroughly and remove surplus material.

1. Conduct grinding operations and use such techniques as required to provide surface finish to
match Architect’s sample.

3.3. CURING AND PROTECTION

A. Cure and protect topping applications and finishes as specified in Section "Cast-In-Place
Concrete."

3.4. PERFORMANCES

A. Failure of concrete topping to bond to substrate (as evidenced by a hollow sound when tapped), or
disintegration or other failure of topping to perform as a floor finish, will be considered failure of
materials and workmanship. Repair or replace toppings in areas of such failures, as directed.

- END OF SECTION -

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