REPORT Bridge No. 2 P6 and P10 PDF

Geotechnical Investigation Report of Piers P6 and P10 of Bridge No.
of
Dharam-Qazigund Section
of
USBRL Project Jammu and Kashmir
Forwarded to
HCC Limited
Forwarded to:
Hindustan Construction CoLtd
Space Engineers’ Consortium (P) Ltd.

Ist Floor, Alfarooq Building, Jawahar Nagar, Srinagar (J&K)-190008
CONTENTS
Page
Chapter
Description No
No
1.0 Introduction 01
2.0 Scope of Work 02-03
3.0 Location & Brief Details about Bridge Site 04-05
4.0 Field Investigation and Geological Studies 06-12
5.0 Geology of Bridge Area 13-14
6.0 Sub Surface Geology 14-20
7.0 Laboratory Tests Methodology for Soil/ Rock Samples 20-25
8.0 Geotechnical Assessment 26-33
9.0 Conclusion and Recommendations 34-35
10.0 Annexure-I Bore log 36-38
11.0 Annexure II Photographs of Core Boxes 39-44
12.0 Annexure III Sample Calculation 45-47

Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
Ist Floor, Alfarooq Building Jawahar Nagar, Srinagar
Geotechnical Investigation Report of Piers P6 and P10 of Bridge No.2

Of Dharam-Qazigund Section Of USBRL Project
Jammu And Kashmir
1.0 Introduction.
The Hindustan Constructional Company Limited (hereinafter referred to as the HCC) has
been Entrusted with the construction of the proposed bridge No. 02 across Ancha Nallah
respectively by M/S IRCON International Limited (hereinafter referred to as the IRCON)
along Dharam-Qazigund Section of USBRL Project, J&K (under package 2, 3, 4&5). M/S
HCC have taken the services of Space Engineers Consortium Pvt Ltd. for carrying out
Geotechnical Investigation for this proposed bridge site under Work order No HCC ENG
106 B 02 007 Dated 29th January 2018.The Investigation of 02 bore holes located at piers
P6 and P10 of bridge No.2 have been completed during April 2018.This report includes
results of geological logs of boreholes, Standard Penetration Test (SPT) besides geological
studies around the tunnel T-49 alignment area.
The objective of the investigation is to generate a report incorporating subsurface

geological data collected from different boreholes together with limited surface geological
studies along the alignment. This report deals with the data obtained during field and
laboratory Investigations and recommendations thereto.
Brief details
The tunnel T-49 is part of the USBRL railway line project in Northern India, in the state
of Jammu & Kashmir. Its length is approx. 10 km. Its section is typical for an Indian
mountain railway line: single track main tunnel with parallel escape tunnel. Its gradient is
approx. 1%. After the initial part of civil design and 3 years of supervision, the Client
assigned the electromechanical design to Lombardi. With the experience gathered in the
neighboring tunnel T-48, the E&M standard can be respected for an homogeneous design.
Its length and its gradient, with the portals on two different sides of a local ridge, the
requirements are for a dedicated ventilation concept in case of current operation.
2.0 Scope of work.

i) Drilling of 02 bore holes at P6 and P10 of bridge No 2 pier locations of 38m and
43m depth respectively. These locations have been specified by the Engineer In-
Charge of HCC at site.
SUBMITTED
TO Geotechnical Investigation Report Of Piers P6 and P10 of Bridge No.2 of
P a g e |1
Dharam-Qazigund Section Of USBRL Project Jammu And Kashmir
HCC Limited
ii) Conducting Standard Penetration Test at specified intervals, wherever

applicable.
iii) Collection of undisturbed samples/rock core samples as per B.I.S code of
practice.
iv) Marking of water table position, if available.
v) Conducting laboratory tests as per B.I.S code of practice.
vi) Conducting In-situ permeability test (Falling head method).
vii) Submission of detailed Geo technical report.
Item
Item Description Unit Qty.
No.
Mobilization
Mobilization of necessary equipment, drilling rigs,
tools and tackles, men and materials to the site and
all services and demobilization on completion of the Lump
1 1
work (Sufficient Hydraulic rigs in working condition sum
shall be mobilized to complete the Drilling within
specified time period)
Per Borehole
2 Shifting and setting of Drilling rig at Bore hole location 21
location
Drilling of Nx size (76mm diameter) boreholes in all
types of Soil and overburden strata / Soft Ground
3 Rm 216
without core recovery inclusive of driving of
casing up to the overburden depth
a NGL up to 20m Rm. 179
b Beyond 20m Rm 37
Drilling of Nx size (76mm diameter) boreholes in all
types of Soil and overburden strata / Soft Ground
4 Rm. 216
with core recovery and inclusive of driving of
casing up to the overburden
a NGL up to 20m Rm 180
b Beyond 20m Rm 36
c Conducting Permeability test Falling head method Nos. 25
d Conducting SPT in all types of Soil/ Soft Ground Nos. 25

Drilling Nx Size bore holes without core recovery
5 Rm. 243
(76mm diameter) in all types of Rock Strata
b Beyond 20m Rm. 210
SUBMITTED
P a g e |2
HCC Limited
Drilling Nx Size bore holes with core recovery (76mm

6 Rm. 243
diameter) in all types of Rock Strata
b Beyond 20m Rm. 209
c Conducting Permeability test by Packer Method Nos. 21
7 Laboratory Testing In Rock
a Bulk and dry density Nos. 10
b Water absorption & Porosity Nos. 10
c Specific gravity Nos. 10

Uniaxial compressive strength test (saturated & dry
d Nos. 10
condition)
e Point load test Nos. 20
8 Report Preparation
Preparation and submission of 03 copies of
Lump
a Geotechnical Investigation Report. Combined report 1
sum
for Bridge No. 2 and Bridge No. 3.
SUBMITTED
P a g e |3
HCC Limited
3.0 Location and Brief Details about Bridge site
3.1 The proposed Bridge No 02 across Ancha Nallah is located at Sumbar village along
Dharam-Qazigund Section of USBRL Project in Ramban District of Jammu province
of J&K State. The proposed Bridge No2 is approximately 448.8mtrs in length
supported on 10piers and 02 abutments each with a span of 40.8m.The Nallahs
passes through the mountainous terrains and the Bridges passes at an elevation of
around 1416mtrs. Refer to Plate-I for sectional view of the proposed Bridge No.2
site.
SUBMITTED
P a g e |4
HCC Limited
Plate I sectional view of borelogs of bridge No 2
SUBMITTED
P a g e |5
HCC Limited
4.0 Field Investigation and Geological Studies
4.1 Borehole Locations
The details of borehole locations marked on ground by the Engineer In-charge of HCC
are given in Plate-I and Table 1.
Table 1(Borehole location Details)
Bore Depth of
Location
Bridge. Collar
No
Hole Bore hole elevation(m) R.L(m) Remarks
No (m) Easting Northing
Location
P6 38 1408.096 510603.993 3684197.451 1407.996
marked on
2
ground by
P10 43 1408.71 510748.673 3684272.962 1408.61
HCC
representative
4.2 METHODOLOGY OF FIELD WORK
The investigation was planned to obtain the subsurface stratification in the proposed
project site and collect overburden / bed rock samples for laboratory testing to determine
the engineering properties besides engineering classification of the subsurface stratum.
4.3 Drill Holes

For Geotechnical investigation work, drilling rigs was installed at the specified drill hole
locations. Stability of rig was ensured by making platforms. Rotary Drilling machines
were deployed and drilling carried out with Nx diamond tipped drill bits or impregnated
diamond bits depending on the type of rock encountered. Suitable core catchers were
used where ever necessary.
4.4 Procedure of Drilling
a) The drilling fluid used was clean water to avoid contamination. Circulation of drilling
fluid was used before the core barrel reached to the bottom of the hole to prevent cuttings
or sludge from entering the core barrel at the start of coring. In order to collect the sludge
/ rock cuttings, drilling fluid were circulated continuously down the hollow rods.
SUBMITTED
P a g e |6
HCC Limited
b) Specific procedure was adopted to reduce water circulation as and when

soft/weathered/fractured rock, were encountered to avoid shattering/breaking of core.
c) The rotational speed of the bit (spindle speed), the amount of downward pressure applied
on the bit (bit pressure) and water pressure were suitably adjusted and properly
monitored so that the core is collected with least disturbance and to avoid shearing of the
core from its base.
d) As per the drilling schedule the minimum drill run should be 0.75m and maximum.
1.5min length provided the core recovery observed is more than 80% in two successive
0.75m drill runs. When core recovery is less than 20% then SPT shall be per formed
before commencing the next drill run .This procedure was strictly adhered to on the
approval from the site engineer.
e) If at any time blocking of the bit or grinding of the core was observed, the core barrel was
immediately withdrawn from the drill hole regardless of the length of drill run completed.
4.5 Observations during Drilling
a) During drilling operations, the colour of return water was regularly monitored and
sediments carried were keenly observed so as to determine change in the lithology and
physical properties of formations.
b) The depth & rate of penetration was monitored to ascertain the depth at which marked
change in rate of penetration or sudden fall of drill rod occurred, the depth at which any
blockage of drill bit causing core loss if any was encountered.
c) Any heavy vibration or torque noticed during drilling was recorded together with the
depth of occurrence.
d) Special conditions like the depth at which grouting was done during drilling, presence of
artesian conditions, loss of drilling fluid, observation of gas discharge with return water
etc were also monitored
e) During drilling operation, observation on return water, rate of penetration etc shall be
recorded.
SUBMITTED
P a g e |7
HCC Limited
4.6 Standard Penetration Tests (SPT)

Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) prescribed as per IS specifications. SPT split spoon
sampler of standard dimensions is to be driven into the overburden from the drill hole
bottom using 63.5 kg Hammer falling from 75 cm height. The SPT weight is
mechanically lifted to the specified height and allowed to fall freely on the anvil with the
use of cat-head winch with one to one and half turn of the drum. Blow counts for the
penetration of every 15 cm are recorded and the N is reported as the blow counts for 30
cm penetration of the sampler leaving the first 15 cm penetration as seating drive.
When the number of blows exceeded 50 to penetrate the first or second 15 cms length of
the sampler, the SPT N is regarded as more than 100. The test is terminated in such case
and a record of penetration of the sampler under 50 blows or more is made. SPT refusal is
recorded when there is no penetration of the sampler at any stage and also when a
rebound of the sounding system is recorded.
SPT ‘N’ values are correlated with relative density of non-cohesive stratum and with
consistency of cohesive stratum.
CORRELATION FOR CLAY/PLASTIC SILT CORRELATION FOR SAND/NON-

PLASTIC SILT
Penetration Value Penetration Value

Consistency (Blows/300 mm) Relative Density (Blows/300 mm)
Very Soft 0 to 2 Blows Very loose 0 to 4 Blows
Soft 3 to 4 Blows Loose 5 to 10 Blows
Medium Stiff 5 to 8 Blows Medium 11 to 30 Blows
Stiff 9 to 16 Blows Dense 31 to 50 Blows
Very Stiff 17 to 32 Blows Very Dense Above 50
Hard Above 32
4.7 Disturbed Sampling in Drill holes
Disturbed overburden samples collected in the SPT sampler are preserved in polythene
covers and transported to the laboratory. One more polythene cover is provided to prevent
the loss of moisture during the transit period.
SUBMITTED
P a g e |8
HCC Limited
4.8 Undisturbed Sampling in Drill holes

Undisturbed samples to be collected using 100mm diameter and 450mm long MS tubes
provided with sampler head with ball check arrangement. The collection of undisturbed
samples in refusal strata is practically not possible.
4.9 Core Samples in Drill holes
Immediately after withdrawal from the core barrel, the cores samples were placed in a
tray and transferred into boxes specially prepared for the purpose. The core boxes were
made from G I sheet .The details of drill hole along with details of core run were
recorded on core boxes. After core logging the data was recorded for future use.
Bore hole logs are given in Annexure I and are summarized in table 4
Photographs of core boxes are given in Annexure-II.
Water table levels below ground level
Bridge Location Depth of Water table

Remarks
No. No. below ground level (m)
P6 16.15 Water table levels

2
taken after 24 hrs
P10 Nil
SUBMITTED
P a g e |9
HCC Limited
4.4 Regional Geology of the Study area
Rocks of Siwalik and Murree Group of foreland to Pre-Tertiary rocks of Lesser

Himalaya are exposed along the proposed rail alignment. These rocks are traversed by
number of thrusts and faults which are considered to be still active. Due to this tectonic
activity the rocks along the proposed alignment are highly jointed, fractured, folded.
The general trend of the rocks is NW-SE having dip towards NE direction. Murree Thrust
marks the tectonic contact between Tertiary and Pre-Tertiary rocks comprising meta
volcano-sedimentary of Lesser Himalayan terrain. It is thought to be an autochthonus
folded belt of tightly compressed and recumbent anticline varying in width upto about 7
kms. It lies between the Murree Group of the foreland and the Salkhal ameta sediments of
the Kashmir nappe. Its outer boundary is the Murree Thrust, which has brought the rocks
of this para autocthonous folded belt over the Murree Group.
The northern boundary is marked by the Panjal Thrust/ main central Thrust, a low angle
plane almost parallel to Murree Thrust, which has brought the entire Tethyan Himalayan
Phanerozoic succession of Kashmir along with its crystalline basement over the Lesser
Himalayan Belt. The Lesser Himalayan Belt extends up to north of Digdaul from where
the Phanerozoic succession of Kashmir nappe with basement of Salkhalas starts (Agarwal
and Agrawal, 2005). Overriding the rocks of Parautochthonous belt along Panjal thrust,
Salkhala Group of rocks occur, as a narrow belt in Digdaul- Sildhar - Rajgarh section,
comprising of thick sequence of schistose quartzites, phyllite, and schists intruded by
granodiorite-diorite, gabbro, pegmatites and basic rocks. These are uncomfortably
overlain with Ramsu Formation comprising of highly compressed sequence of
pyritiferous, carbonaceous Phyllitic Quartizites, dolomitic crystalline, siliceous limestone,
quartzite, phyllite and basic rocks and are in turn uncomfortably overlain with the
limestone, marl quartzite, Phyllitic Quartizite lithology of Syringothyris Limestone
Formation, and in turn are overland with Fenestella Shales Formation and Agglomeratic
Phyllitic Quartizite Formation exposed in the hill slopes south of Banihal Pass and Panjal
Volcanic Formation exposed in the Banihal tunnel.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 10
HCC Limited
Fig. 1 Outline geological map of the Himalayan Mountain Belt showing its major
tectonic subdivisions across the range.
North of Banihal Tunnel the folded Triassic limestone along with minor Jurassic shale
beds are exposed in the section upto Qazigund. Quaternary sediments represented by
Karewas Formation are exposed beyond Qazigund towards north upto Srinagar in
Kashmir. Table showing Stratigraphic sequence (based on GSI Special Pub. 26, 1989) is
given below table 2:
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 11
HCC Limited
TABLE 2– Stratigraphic Sequences (Based on GSI Sp. Pub. 26, 1989)
Formation Lithology Age
Quaternary Soil, clay,sand, boulders, pebbles, etc. Recent

sediments
Karewas Clay, silt, sand Pliocene to Pleistocene
Siwalik Sandstone,claystone,siltstone Miocene to Pleistocene

and conglomerate
__________ Main Boundary Fault ____________
Murree Sandstone, claystone, siltstone Miocene to Oligocene
__________ _____ Murree Thrust ______ __________
Vihi Limestone, shale Triassic to Jurassic

Zewan Limestone, slate, Flagstone Upper Permian
Panjal Volcanic Basic lava flows Permian
Agglomeratic slate Slate with pyroclastics Upper Carboniferous
Fenestella shale Quartzite, slate, basic sill, shale Middle Carbonaceous

Syringotheris Silicified limestone, limestone Lower Carbonaceous
Limestone
Ramsu Phyllite, quartzite, Phyllitic quartzite Cambro-Silurian
Ramban Phyllite, slate, quartzite, gypsum. Proterozoic
____________ Panjal Thrust _____________
Salkhala Slate, phyllite, carbonaceous phyllite, Proterozoic

quartzite, marble with gypsum bands.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 12
HCC Limited
5.0 Geology of Bridge Area
5.1 The geological sequence of the project area is as under:
5.1.1 Phyllitic Quartizites/Phyllites exposures constitute bed rock in the area, in the right and
left banks of Nallah. At bridge site bed rock outcrops are exposed in the river bed right
bank. Phyllites thinly foliated with occasional Quartzite bands are commonly met with &
ptygmatic folding is pronounced. The thick sequence of meta sediments exposed are
compact to blocky, with moderate to weak strength. Occasionally micro to macro qtz
veins is traversing the formations & gives it more compactness. The weathering grade is
slightly to moderately weathered. On the regional scale they are placed as Precambrians
and in the proximity theses rocks are separated from the Murries formation by a thrust
called Murree Thrust &from Salkhlas by Panjal Thrust. These thrust, close proximately
have impact on the Bridge components.The joints, partially open to wide with variable
spacing, arecriss cross in nature. The multiple joints have rendered the rocks very blocky
to disturbed and susceptible to rock fall at some locations in the area. The rock mass
consists of Phyllitic Quartizite/phyllite& quartzite interbedded with carbonaceous phyllite.
Presence of quartzite has also been detected.
5.1.3 Older terraces

The older terraces, made of fluvio-glacial material, have been observed on either side of
the river Ancha Nallah. The material forming this lithounit have abundant clayey content
rest in contact with the slope debris and rock fall material on the hill side and river borne
material on the downhill side along nallah course. These lithounits mostly conceal the
older terraces. The debris is made of angular to sub-angular components embedded in
clayey matrix mostly compact, whereas the rock fall being mostly thin and loose in nature.
The strata are made of pre-existing lithounits.
5.1.4 Slope Debris and Rock fall Material
These lithounits mostly conceal the older terraces & bed rock. The debris is made of
angular to sub-angular components embedded in clayey matrix mostly compact, whereas
the rock fall being mostly thin and loose in nature. The strata are made of pre-existing
lithounits.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 13
HCC Limited
5.1.5 River Terrace and Nallah Borne Material
This material is of Recent to Sub Recent origin and is occupied by the Ancha Nallah. And
nallah material comprises of rounded to sub-rounded boulders, pebbles, cobbles
associated with sand and silt. The river terraces are fresh brought by the fluvial processes
& are pervious in nature.
6.0 Sub Surface Geology
Subsurface Geological exploration is perquisite to establish the physical characterizes of

bed rock for the proposed project. However, the present investigation was of detailed
nature as such deep drilling was carried out, to ascertain the subsurface Geology at
proposed Bridge No2 across Ancha Nallah.
The detail of drill holes are as under:-
borehole(m)
Depth wise
inclination
Bore hole
lithology
depth(m)
Bed rock
Borehole
Location
Depth of
No
Sr. No
0.00 – 15.0 (OB)

1 P6 Vertical 38 15.00
15.0-38.0(BR)
Bridge No 2
0.00 – 8.0(OB)
2 P10 Vertical 43 8.00
8.0 - 43.0(BR)
Note: OB (Overburden) i.e., gravel, pebble, cobble, boulder in silty sand matrix
BR (Bed Rock)
From the perusal of the core log data, following observations were made to revel the
subsurface Geology.
6.1 River Terrace and Nallah Borne Material
This material is of Recent to Sub Recent origin and nallah material comprises of rounded
to sub-rounded boulders, pebbles, cobbles associated with sand and silt. The river terraces
are fresh brought by the fluvial processes & are pervious in nature.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 14
HCC Limited
6.2 Colluvium (Slope Mass Debris)
Colluvium of variable thickness encountered in Boreholes P6 and P10 at major bridge

across Ancha Nallah. It comprises angular, sub-angular and sub-rounded boulders and
rock fragments of phyllite, Quartzite& Gneiss within finer rock fraction & silt.
6.3 Bed Rock – Phyllitic Quartizite
The bed rock comprises Dolomitic Phyllitic Quartizite. This unit covers the entire project
area and is often exposed or concealed under overburden of varying thickness. The
megascopic examination reveals that the rocks mass is moderately weathered to fresh
(W2-W0). The depth of weathering is anticipated is deep which is reflected from the joint
planes. Dark Grey Coloured slightly weathered, Blocky to very blocky/sheared, medium
strong to weak Phyllitic Quartizites & interbedded occasional bands Greyish coloured
slightly weathered to fresh, fine to coarse grained Quartzite. Phyllitic Quartizite mostly of
very blocky/blocky nature as the foliation planes & joint are closely spaced.
The lithology is described with depth wise and is given below.
BH-P6
Overburden from 0.00m to 15.00m drilling depth consisting Angular to sub angular
pebbles, cobbles & Boulders of dark coloured slate & light grey Phyllitic Quartzite. Bed
rock from 15.00m to 43.00m drilling depth consisting Light grey to darkish colored,
slightly to moderately weathered, medium strong to weak phyllitic quartzite with
occasional bands of slate.
Detailed Lithological Summary of Boreholes as per below.
S. Depth Lithology Geological Description

no. Range
1 0-1m Reddish colored soft clay contains pebbles.
2 1-15m Slope Debris Angular to sub angular pebbles, cobbles & Boulders
of dark coloured slate & light grey Phyllitic
Quartzite.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 15
HCC Limited
3 15-31m Quarzitic Light grey to darkish coloured, slightly to moderately

Phyllite with weathered, medium strong to weak phyllitic quartzite
occasional with occasional bands of slate.
bands of slate.
4 31-38m Quarzitic light grey coloured slightly to moderately weathered,

Phyllite medium strong fine to coarse grained phyllitic
quartzite.
BH-P10
Overburden from 0.00m to 8.00m drilling depth consistingangular to subangular, pebbles,

cobbles& boulders of Phyllitic Quartzite & Slate/Phyllite. Bed rock from 8.00m to
43.00m drilling depth consisting Light grey coloured, slightly to moderately weathered,
medium strong to weak phyllitic quartzite with occasional bands of dark coloured
slate/phyllite.
Detailed Lithological Summary of Boreholes as per below.
S. no. Depth Lithology Geological Description

Range
1 0-8m Angular to sub angular, pebbles, cobbles &
boulders of Phyllitic Quartzite & Slate/Phyllite
Slope
2 8-31m Debris light grey coloured, slightly to moderately
weathered, medium strong to weak phyllitic
quartzite with occasional bands of dark coloured
slate/phyllite.
3 31-43m Quarzitic light grey coloured, slightly weathered, medium

Phyllite strong to weak fine grained phyllitic quartzite
with
occasional
bands of
slate.
6.4 Exploratory Boreholes
6.4.1 Geological Appraisal of Borehole P6
This bore-hole has been drilled vertical to a depth of 38.0 mts, from ground level at RL -
1407.996. The foundation level at this location is at 1391.996. The bed rock comprising
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 16
HCC Limited
Light grey to darkish colored, slightly to moderately weathered, medium strong to weak
phyllitic quartzite with occasional bands of slate. Rock mass is slightly to moderately
weathered. Two plus sets of joints have blocky /very blocky the rock mass. The core
recovery in bed rock is of the order of 30 to 98% and R. Q. D. is NIL to 34%. The partial
is observed from 0.00 to 22.00m& complete water loss has been observed from 22-38.
00m.The bore is cased up to 29.00m & from 29.00 -38.00m remains uncased indicates
weakness of the slope debris & rock mass. The penetration rate varies in slope debris
from 17-43mm/min & in bed rock from 13-18mm/min . The fracture frequency is over
15/m to 15-8/m. The ground water table has met at 16.15m drilling depthThe expected
foundation media is very blocky/blocky, medium strong to weak PhylliteQuarzitic.
6.4.2 Geological Appraisal of Borehole P10
This bore-hole has been drilled vertical to a depth of 43.0 mts, from ground level at RL –
1408.61. The bed rock comprising Light grey to darkish colored, slightly to moderately
weathered, medium strong to weak phyllitic quartzite with occasional bands of slate.
Rock mass is slightly to moderately weathered. Two plus sets of joints have blocky /very
blocky the rock mass. The core recovery in bed rock is of the order of 40 to 96% and R.
Q. D. is NIL to 45%. The partial is observed from 0.00 to 22.00m & complete water loss
has been observed from 22- 38. 00m.The bore is cased up to 24.00m & from 24.00 -
43.00m remains uncased indicates weakness of the slope debris & rock mass. The
penetration rate varies in slope debris from 17-25mm/min & in bed rock from 17-
25mm/min. The fracture frequency is over 15/m to 15-8/m.The ground water table has
met not upto drilling depth. The expected foundation media is very blocky/blocky,
medium strong to weak phyllitic quartzite with occasional bands of dark coloured
slate/phyllite.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 17
HCC Limited
6.5 Seismicity
6.5.1 Seismo tectonic studies on the Himalayas and Parsons et al., 2006; have revealed
that some segments of the Himalayan mountain belt have not experienced major
and great earthquakes in the past 100 years or so though they have the potential to
generate large earthquakes (Gahalaut. 2006). Based on the earthquake occurrence
and their locations along the Himalayas, three main seismic gaps/segments have
been Identified in the Himalaya; Assam gap (1950 Assam and 1934 Bihar- Nepal
earthquakes), Central gap (1905 Kangra and 1934 Bihar—Nepal earthquakes) and
Kashmir gap (1905 west of the Kangra earthquake) (Khattari, 1987; Seeber and
Armbruster, 1981). These gaps are also considered as the future locations of major
and great earthquakes. The study area lies towards Southeast of Kashmir seismic
gap.
6.5.2 The seismic activity in the area is attributed to the active nature of Murree Thrust,
Panjal Thrust and other deep faults present in the area. Themicro earthquake data
(given in subsequent section) suggests that the area is seismically active. Seismic
hazard map of the Jammu and Kashmir is given in Plate 2. Accordingly the study
area falls within Zone V of seismic map of India. It is therefore important to
consider seismicity while designing the civil structure as per zone-V.
Actual seismic coefficient for acceleration is evaluated on the basis of seismo

tectonic analysis of the area which is normally being undertaken by earthquake
department of IIT Roorkee and is beyond our scope. However based on IS 1893
zone factor of this area can be considered as vertical acceleration value for design,
for horizontal coefficient half of the zone factor can be considered for design.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 18
HCC Limited
Plate 2
6.5.3 Massive landslides and catastrophic mass movements are a regular affair in the
Himalayas and related high ranges. The Himalaya, with the greatest relief and steep
slopes on the earth, has high magnitude landslides. Landslide hazard map given in
Plate -3 reveals that the study area is prone to landslides.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 19
HCC Limited
Plate 3
7.0 Laboratory Tests methodology for soil/ rock samples
7.1 Summary of Laboratory Test codes on Soil/rock Samples
SI.
Test Designation Standard Codes
No
1 Grain Size Distribution IS 2720 (Part 4)
2 Atterberg Limit IS 2720 (Part 5)
3 Moisture content determination IS 2720 (Part 5)
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 20
HCC Limited
4 Bulk density IS 2720 (Part 1)
5 Specific gravity IS 2720 (Part 3)
6 Unconsolidated UndrainedTriaxial Tests IS: 2720 (Part 11)
7 Unconfined Compression Tests IS: 2720 (Part 10)
Method of Determination of Point Load

8 IS: 8764-1991
Strength Index of Rocks.
Method of Determination of Unconfined
9 IS: 9143-1991
Compressive Strength of Rock Materials.
10 Description of Discontinuities in Rock Mass- IS: 11315-1991

Core Recovery and Rock Quality.
7.2 Brief procedures of laboratory tests on soil samples

7.2.1 Particle Size Distribution
The particle size distribution were determined on soil samples in accordance with the wet
sieving method described in IS: 2720 (Part 4). Compliance with the Standard, with respect
to minimum sample quantity is dependent on the maximum significant grain size and the
method of sampling. In particular, for SPT samples, the quantity of soil available for
testing is typically about 100g. This sample quantity is considered representative where
grain sizes range up to 4.75mm (i.e. to coarse sand size). Where significant quantities of
coarser particles are present, the particle size distribution obtained from such samples
should be regarded as indicative only.
7.2.2 Sedimentation / Hydrometer Analysis

Sedimentation analyses were performed for soil samples in accordance with the
hydrometer method described in IS: 2720 (Part 4). The analysis provides an estimate of
the particle size distribution for the fine fraction (<75μm) of a soil sample. The analysis is
performed by monitoring the rate of settlement of soil particles initially suspended
uniformly in distilled water. The rate of settlement, which is monitored by observing the
change in fluid density with the hydrometer device, is theoretically related to the size of
particles setting out of suspension
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 21
HCC Limited
7.2.3 Atterberg’s Limits

The Atterberg’s Limits comprising liquid limit, plastic limit, shrinkage limit and
plasticity index were performed on soil samples in accordance with the relevant methods
described in IS: 2720 (Part 5 & 6). The liquid limit has been determined using the
Casagrande apparatus method. The soil sample preparation, in accordance with the code
of practice, included removal of soil particles retained on the 425μm sieve. Accordingly,
where a significant quantity of coarser particles was present, it should be noted that the
Atterberg Limits results are representative of the relatively fine soil fraction, and not of
the complete soil sample.
7.2.4 Natural Moisture Content, Density and Specific Gravity

Natural moisture content of undisturbed soil samples collected from trial pits, has been
determined as per procedure given in IS 2720 (Part-II). Bulk density and dry density of
the undisturbed samples has been determined using mass and volume of the same and
natural moisture content. The specific gravity tests specified in the Indian Standard (IS
2720 Part-II
7.2.5 Saturated Moisture Content, Unit Weight, Specific Gravity and Porosity of Rock
specimen were determined for rock samples by using saturation and buoyancy technique,
in accordance with the methods of IS:13030.
7.2.6 Test Point load Index tests were performed on selected rock lump and rock specimen, not
amenable to UCS test, in accordance with the method suggested by IS: 8764 (1978) and
International Society for Rock Mechanics.
7.2.7 Uniaxial compressive strength for cylindrical rock specimens was determined in
accordance with the methods of ISRM. The uniaxial compressive strength of the
specimen was corrected for a height to diameter ratio of two for specimens whose height
to diameter ratio was other than two using the following relationship:
qc (corrected) = (qc 0.889)/ (0.778+ (0.222D/H))
Where,
qc = Uncorrected Uniaxial Compressive Strength
D = Diameter of the specimen tested
H = Height of the Specimen Tested
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 22
HCC Limited
Brief procedures of laboratory tests on rock samples

7.2.8 Water content determination
The container with its lid is cleaned and dried, and its mass m1 is determined. A
representative sample comprised at least 10 lumps each having either a mass of at least 50
g or a minimum dimensions of ten times the maximum grain size, whichever is greater, is
selected. For in situ water content determination sampling, storage and handling
precautions should be such that water content remains within 1 percent of the in situ
value.The sample is placed in the container, the lid replaced and the mass m2 of the
sample plus container determined. The lid is removed and the sample dried to constant
mass at a temperature of 105 ± 3°C.The lid is replaced and the sample allowed to cool in
the desiccator for 30 minutes. The mass m3 of sample plus container is determined.
The water content shall be calculated from the following formula:
Water content, w= m2 - m3 X 100 ( percent )

m3 – m1
m1 = Mass in g of the container with its lid at room temperature
m2= Mass in g of the container with its lid and the sample at room temperature
m3= Mass in g of the container with its lid and the sample after drying
7.2.9 POROSITY AND DENSITY DETERMINATION USING SATURATION AND

BUOYANCY TECHNIQUES
a) A representative sample comprising at least 10 lumps of regular or irregular geometry,

each having either a mass of at least 50 g or a minimum dimension of at least 10 times the
maximum grain size, whichever is the greater, is selected. The sample is washed in water
to remove dust.
b) The sample is saturated by water immersion in a vacuum of less than 0.8 kPa for a period
of at least 1 h, with periodic agitation to remove trapped air.
c) The temperature, t of the water in the immersion bath to the nearest degree centigrade is
determined.
d) The mass, M1, of the basket submerged in the immersion bath is determined.
e) The sample is transferred under water to the basket in the immersion bath. The saturated-
submerged mass, M2 of the basket plus sample to an accuracy of 0.01 percent of the
sample mass is taken
f) The mass, M3, of a clean, dry sample container and lid is determined.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 23
HCC Limited
g) The sample is removed from the immersion bath and surface dry the sample with a moist
cloth, care being taken to remove only surface water and to ensure that no rock fragment
are lost. The sample is transferred to the sample container and replace the lid. The mass,
M4, of the saturated surface dry sample plus container is determined.
h) The lid is removed and place the container with contents and lid in the oven and dry at
105 & 3°C. The sample is deemed to be dry when the difference between successive
determination of mass of the cooled sample at interval of 4 hours does not exceed 0.1
percent of the original mass of the sample.
i) Replacing the lid, remove the container from the oven and place the whole in the
desiccator to cool for 30 minutes.
k) The dried mass, M5, of the container with the oven dry sample is determined.
Calculations
a) Calculate the saturated-submerged mass,
Msub, of the sample
Msub= M2 – M1 (kg)
b) Calculate the saturated-surface-dry mass,

Msat, of the sample
Msat = M4 – M3 ( kg )
c) Calculate the dry mass (Grain Weight )
MS, of the sample
Ms = M5-M3 (kg)
d) Calculate the bulk-volume, V, of the sample by the following formula:
V = (Msat – Msub) (m3)
бw
бw = density of water at temperature t
e) Calculate the pore volume, Vv, of the sample by following formula:
Vv = (Msat – Ms) x 100 (percent)

Msat – Msub
f) Calculate porosity, n, of the rock sample by the following formula :

n = (Vv/V) x 100 (percent)
or = (Msat – Ms) x 100 (percent)
Msat – Msub
g) Calculate the dry density, Pa, of the rock sample by the following formula:
Pd = (Ms) (kg/m3)
V
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 24
HCC Limited
7.2.10 Uniaxial compressive strength
The ability of spherical seat to rotate freely shall be checked before each test. The
surfaces of the two bearing discs and the test specimen shall be wiped clean. The
specimen shall be kept on the lower disc. The axis of the specimen shall be carefully
aligned with the centre of the thrust of the spherical seat. As the load is gradually brought
to bear on the specimen, the movable portion of the spherically seated disc shall be
adjusted to ensure uniform seating. Load on the specimen shall be applied continuously at
a constant stress rate such that failure will take place in about 5 to 15 minutes of loading.
Alternatively, the stress rate shall be within the limits of 0.5 MPa/s to 1 MPa/s. The
maximum load on the specimen shall be recorded in N within 1 Percent accuracy. The
number of specimens to be tested should be determined from practical considerations.
CALCULATION
The unconfined compressive strength of the specimen shall be calculated by dividing the
maximum load carried by the specimen during the test, by the average original cross-
sectional area.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 25
HCC Limited
8.0 Geotechnical Assessment
8.1 The sub-surface in general is based on Boreholes drilled at P6 and P10 locations
respectively is comprises of Metamorphic rock-Phyllitic Quartizites of different alterations
underlying colluvium (Pebbles , Cobbles , Boulders of Phyllitic Quartizite, Schists with
sandy matrix). The thickness of colluviums( gravel, boulder, pebble, cobble,) ranges from 8
to 15 mtrs in pier locations .The drilling through bed rock of Phyllitic Quartizite has shown
RQD nil to 45. The rock mass rating (RMR) is found to of poor to fair class.
The Geological cross sectional profile is given in Plate 4
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 26
HCC Limited
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 27
HCC Limited
Ttable -3
Parameters P6 P10
Over burden in (m) 15.0 8.0
Overburden (angular to sub angular pebbles ,cobbles &

Overburden (angular to subangular pebbles , cobbles & boulders of
boulders of dark colored slate & light grey Phyllitic
Phyllitic Quartizite & slate/phyllite) and rock of light grey coloured
Rock type Quartizite) and rock of light grey coloured slightly to
slightly to moderately weathered medium strong toweak phyllitic
moderately weathered medium strong to coarse grained
quartizite wit occasional bands of dark coloured slate Phyllitic.
Phyllitic Quartizite
Core recovery % 16-98 14-96

RQD Nil -34 Nil -45
RMR Poor Fair
Depth of water table (m) 16.15 Nil
Any geological structure met with No No
UCS(Normal/submerged) (MPa)
Point Load (MPa)
Porosity %
Under progress
Water absorption %
Bulk Density /Dry density (%)

Specific gravity (gm/cc)
SUBMITTED
TO Geotechnical Investigation Report Of Piers P6, And P10 of Bridge No.2 of
P a g e | 28
HCC Limited
Borehole No : P6
Drilling Depth 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
UCS Rating 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
RQD Rating 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 3 3 3 3 3
Spacing of discontinuities 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 8 8 8 8 8
Persistance discontinuities 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Condition of
Aperture 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Roughness 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Infilling 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Weathering 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Ground water conditions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 40 47 40 40 40 40 40
Adjustment strike and dip -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7
orientation
RMR Value 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 33 40 33 33 33 33 33
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 29
HCC Limited
Bore Hole No P 10
Drilling Depth 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43
UCS Rating 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
RQD Rating 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 10 3 3 3 8 3 8 8 3
Spacing of
discontinuities 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Persistance 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
discontinuities
Condition of
Aperture 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Roughness 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Infilling 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Weathering 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Ground water
conditions 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15
53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 53 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 55 55 55 62 55 55 55 60 55 60 60 55
Adjustment strike
and dip -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7 -7
orientation
RMR Value 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 48 48 48 55 48 48 48 53 48 53 53 48
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 30
HCC Limited
8.5 FOUNDATION CONSIDERATIONS

For gravel, pebble, coble, boulder in sand matrix
Settlement criteria based Teng’s Modified criteria
Shear criteria – IS 6403
8.5.1 Bearing Capacity
The subsurface in general at all the borehole locations can be considered as sedimentary
formations comprising of Boulders, gravel, cobble with sandy matrix The overlying
Phyllitic Quartizites of different alterations over burden material neither falls in rocks
nor under soil and the investigation for establishing design parameters in such materials
have be carried out in accordance with IS: 10042whichnecessities conducting in situplate
load tests, blocks hear tests and in-situ density measurements. Such types of deposits be
have peculiarly, initially these materials upon loadings how rapid increase in settlement
and beyond about 1% settlement with increasing loads the rate of settlement decreases.
This is primarily due to the fact that unlike ordinary soils these materials show initial
rapid compression and once particle to particle contact gets established the compression
decrease considerably with load carrying function mainly be in taken over by the larger
sized particles. Figure-2ofIS:10042 bring out this behavior clearly.
The material that is met with at the proposed bridge site is somewhat similar to that is
reported in Figure-2 of IS: 10042 which is reproduced below for reference and better
understanding.
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 31
HCC Limited
It is observed from the afore said figure that settlement ratio (ratio of settlement observed
in the case of large size to settlement of small size) increases with the increase in size of
test plate. In accordance with IS:1888 for permissible settlement of 25mm for shallow
foundation of 8mx8msize,the allowable bearing capacity of gravel boulder is evaluated
from Figure-2 corresponding to settlement of plate as per equation Sp=Sf
[B(Bp+0.3)/Bp(B+0.3)]² =17.22mm. For settlement of 17.22mm,the allowable bearing
capacity works out to be 4.2kg/cm2or42t/m2. On the other hand, Teng’s modified
allowable bearing capacity for gravelly soils for 25mm settlement given by
q25=3.35xCb(N-3)[(B+0.3)/2B]2dwdf (in which Cb=constant=2 for gravelly soil sand dw
&dfare water table reduction factor and depth factor respectively) .With depth factor df
limited to 1.23 for foundation depth of 8m and water table correction factor as 0.5,the net
allowable bearing capacity for 25mm permissible settlement works out to be 52.11
t/m²for 8m dia well with depth of foundation at 8m.However the gross allowable bearing
capacity shall be limited to (42+8)=50t/m2.
Under shear consideration for Ø = 34o, the safe bearing capacity in accordance with IS
6403 the safe bearing capacity works out to be greater than 100t/m2 for width of 8m.
Sample calculation has been given in Annexure III
Bearing capacity values of P6 and P10 locations.
Net Allowable Net Allowable

Gross Allowable Gross Allowable
Bearing Capacity Bearing Capacity
Depth Dia of well Bearing Capacity Bearing Capacity
Location No for 25mm for 40mm
(m) (m) for25mm Permissible for40mm permissible
Permissible permissible
Settlement(t/m2) settlement(t/m2)
Settlement(t/m2) settlement(t/m2)
8 42 50 67 75
8 P10
10 41 49 65 73
8 42 57 67 82
15 P6
10 41 56 65 80
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 32
HCC Limited
8.6 FOUNDATION CONSIDERATIONS IN ROCKY STRATA

Considering the provisions of IS 12070 the safe bearing pressure based on RMR and
Uniaxial compressive strength is given as under :
Gross Safe Bearing

Net safe Bearing Net Allowable bearing
Depth Pressure(t/m2)
Location No Pressure(t/m2) pressure
(m) from UCS
from RMR cosiderations (t/m2)
cosiderations
16 P6 100 206 100
9 P10 103 206 100
Sample calculation has been given in Annexure III
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 33
HCC Limited
9.0 Conclusion and Recommendations
1. As per IS code 10042 it is not reliable to believe on the laboratory tests of disturbed
samples, as the natural arrangements of the grains and matrix material are never achieved
by recompaction the best results are obtained by properly chosen field test.
2. We opine to use the aforesaid values limiting the net bearing capacity values for well
foundation to 100t/m2 or the values given above whichever is lower ensuring at least
0.5m embedment in rock subject to the condition that rock type available at site same as
given in the reference boreholes.
3. In so as for abutment P10 is concerned we recommend open foundation subject to

ensuring stability of slope and minimum ledge of 0.5B or angle of stress zone not passing
through the slope line at 30o with respect to horizontal and minimum embedment of 0.5m
in the type of rock as per borehole information. Open foundations should be suitably
designed considering stability against overturning sliding, geometry of ground slope,
foundations adjacent to sloping ground etc. The foundations should be appropriately
anchored in rock. Even grouting of the excavated rock mass could be considered. The
foundation may be adequately keyed to sufficient depth to preclude the possibility of
erosion.
4 Adequate protective measures for the abutment slopes may be suitably provided during
construction stage at the proposed bridge sites.
5. The detailed geological mapping may be carried out to delineate the different geological
formation and related problems likely to be encountered during the construction stage.
The Bridge sites lie in seismic zone V (IS 1893 Part-1) 2002 for adopting suitable seismic
coefficient for civil engineering structures in the area
6. Indian railway standard code of practice for the design of structure and design of bridges
(Revised 1985) may be adopted for the design of bridge.
Consultant
Space Engineers Consortium Pvt. Ltd
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 34
HCC Limited
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 35
HCC Limited
GEOLOGICAL LOG OF DRILL HOLE
HOLE NO.
P6
SHEET NO.:
1 of 2
PROJECT : USBRL Project CHAINAGE:-
BEARING OF HOLE (Degree) Verticle CO-ORDINATES:- 510603.993 E,3684197.451N FEATURE P6 (BR-2)
COLLAR ELEVATION (m) 1408.096 90
ANGLE WITH HORIZONTAL(degree) TOTAL DEPTH (m) 38.00
GROUND ELEVATION(m) 1407.996 TYPE(S) OF CORE BARREL Triple Tube
STARTED : 22.03.2018 COMPLETED 02.04.2018 DRILLING AGENCY : SECL Srinagar
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Lithology Size of core Ratio Structural Percent Core Recovery (%)

Drill Water SPT-Number of Permeability
Fracture Frequency / m
Depth of water level(m)

Loss
pieces (In No's) Condition Blows
Ground Elevation (m)
Interpreted %age of
Interpreted %age of
Special
Penetration Rate
Observations and
80.00 - 100.00
75 to 150 mm
20.00 - 39.99
40.00 - 59.99
60.00 - 79.99
rock fragments
10 to 25 mm
25 to 75 mm
Test section
0.00 - 19.99
Size of hole
interpretations /
mm/s OR
Description
Depth (m)
Description
Type of Bit
matrix (fine)
LUGEON
Complete
(mm/min)
>150 mm
In figures
Weathering Grade
< 10 mm
RQD(%)
N-Value
Casing
Partial
15-30
30-45
0-15
Log
Log
Reddish colored soft
_ _ _ _ _ 100 _ 33
1.00 clay contains pebbles.
1406.996
_ _ 2 _ _ _ _ 16 43
1405.996 2.00
_ 1 2 _ _ _ _ 21 25
1404.996 3.00
_ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 40 33
1403.996 4.00
_ _ 4 _ _ _ _ 30 25
1402.996 5.00
Slope Debris (Colliuvum)
_ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 34 22
1401.996 6.00
Not Applicable
Angular to sub _ _ 3 1 _ _ _ 35 20
Overburden
1400.996 7.00
angular pebbles,
cobbles & _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ 35 25
1399.996 8.00
Boulders of dark
colored slate & _ _ 6 _ _ _ _ 33 22
1398.996 9.00
light grey Phyllitic
Quartzite. _ _ 2 _ _ _ _ 30 20
1397.996 10.00
_ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 30 17
Partial
1396.996 11.00
_ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 31 18
1395.996 12.00
_ _ 1 _ _ _ _ 40 17
1394.996 13.00
_ _ 3 _ _ _ _ 30 17
1393.996 14.00
NX
_ _ 6 _ _ _ _ 33 20
1392.996 15.00
Very Very
_ _ 9 1 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 67 NIL 17
1391.996 16.00 rbed isturbed
16.15
Very Very
IMP(Nx size) Diamond Bit
Very Very
Core Samples
Very Very
19.00
NX
1388.996 rbed isturbed

Very Very
_ _ 6 _ _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 30 NIL 20
Very Very
Light grey to _ _ 6 1 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 50 NIL 17
darkish colored, Very Very
slightly to _ _ 7 1 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 70 NIL 15
moderately Very Very
weathered, _ _ 4 3 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 70 NIL 14
1384.996 23.00
Over 15
medium strong rbed isturbed

Very Very
to weak _ _ 7 2 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 72 NIL 17
1383.996 24.00
PHYLLITIC rbed isturbed
Very Very
QUARTZITE _ 1 3 1 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 90 10 15
1382.996 25.00 with occasional rbed isturbed
Very Very
bands of SLATE. _ _ 5 3 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 90 NIL 14
Very Very
_ _ ## _ _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 81 NIL 14
Very Very
Very Very
Very Very
Complete

Very Very
Very Very
Very Very
15-8
Light grey _ _ _ _ 2 _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 98 34 13

colored slightly Very Very
NIL
to moderately _ 1 ## 1 _ _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 97 NIL 14

weathered, Very Very
medium strong _ _ 2 1 2 _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 95 23 15
1372.996 35.00
Over 15
fine to coarse rbed isturbed

Very Very
grained _ _ ## 2 _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 98 NIL 14
1371.996 36.00
PHYLLITIC rbed isturbed
Very Very
QUARTZITE. _ _ 3 5 1 _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 98 20 15
Very Very
_ _ 3 4 1 _ _ blocky/distu blocky/d 98 20 14
Overburden Phyllitic Quartzite Core recovery Bed Rock Boundary
LOGGED BY : Javeed Ganaie CHECKED BY :
Page 36
HOLE NO.
P10
SHEET NO.:
1 of 2
BEARING OF HOLE (Degree) Verticle CO-ORDINATES:- 510748.673 E, 3684272.962N FEATURE P10 (Br-2)
STARTED : 04.04.2018 COMPLETED 26.04.2018 DRILLING AGENCY : Arihant Drilling (P) Ltd.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Lithology Size of core Ratio Structural Percent Core Recovery (%)

Drill Water SPT-Number of Permeability

Loss
Interpreted %age of
Interpreted %age of
Special
Penetration Rate
Observations and
80.00 - 100.00
75 to 150 mm
20.00 - 39.99
40.00 - 59.99
60.00 - 79.99
rock fragments
10 to 25 mm
25 to 75 mm
Test section
0.00 - 19.99
Size of hole
interpretations /
mm/s OR
Description
Depth (m)
Description
Type of Bit
matrix (fine)
LUGEON
Complete
(mm/min)
>150 mm
In figures
Weathering Grade
< 10 mm
RQD(%)
N-Value
HX Casing
Partial
15-30
30-45
0-15
Log
Log
22
1.000 1.00
22 20
2
2.000 2.00

22 25
Angular to
3
3.000 3.00
Not Applicable
subangular,pebbl
Overburden
23 18
es,cobbles &
2
4.000 4.00
boulders of
14 17
Partial
Phyllitic Quartzite
1
5.000 5.00
& Slate/Phyllite
16 20
1
6.000 6.00
27 18
3
7.000 7.00
35 18
3
8.000 8.00
Very blocky Very blocky
/disrturbed /disrturbed
40 NIL 17
5
9.000 9.00
70 NIL 20
7
10.000 10.00
43 NIL 33
4
11.000 11.00
49 NIL 18
5
12.000 12.00
NX
45 NIL 17
3
13.000 13.00
43 NIL 17
0
1
14.000 14.00
54 11 17
4
1
15.000 15.00
56 NIL 18
3
2
16.000 16.00
Light grey /disrturbed /disrturbed
41 NIL 20
IMP(Nx size) Diamond Core Bit
3
17.000 17.00
IMP(Nx Size) Diamond Core Bit.
colored, slightly Very blocky Very blocky

to moderately /disrturbed /disrturbed
76 NIL 17
6
18.000 18.00
Core Samples
weathered,
Not Met
medium strong /disrturbed /disrturbed

64 NIL 18
6
19.000 19.00
to weak
PHYLLITIC /disrturbed /disrturbed
43 NIL 17
5
20.000 20.00
QUARTZITE
with occasional
Over 15
44 NIL 20
4
21.000 21.00
bands of darked
coloured /disrturbed /disrturbed
63 NIL 17
22.000 22.00 SLATE/PHYLLIT 6.00
E Very blocky
/disrturbed
Very blocky
/disrturbed
50 NIL 20
6
23.000 23.00
Complete

46 NIL 22
5
24.000 24.00
54 NIL 20
3
2
25.000 25.00
72 NIL 17
4
2
26.000 26.00
75 NIL 17
7
27.000 27.00
94 NIL 15
11
28.000 28.00
74 NIL 17
12
29.000 29.00
66 NIL 17
7
30.000 30.00
41 NIL 25
3
31.000 31.00
NIL
Blocky to very Blocky to

blocky very blocky
50 NIL 22
4
32.000 32.00
blocky very blocky
62 NIL 18
Light grey
4
33.000 33.00
colored, slightly Blocky to very Blocky to
96 NIL 15
12
blocky very blocky

34.000 34.00 weathered,
medium strong
15-8

blocky very blocky
94 45 15
to weak fine
5
4
35.000 35.00
grained Blocky to very Blocky to
96 21 17
PHYLLITIC blocky very blocky
6
4
36.000 36.00
Over 15
QUARTZITE Blocky to very Blocky to

96 NIL 15
10
blocky very blocky

37.000 37.00
blocky very blocky
53 NIL 20
5
1
38.000 38.00
Page 37
HOLE NO. P10
SHEET NO.: 2 of 2
BEARING OF HOLE (Degree) Verticle CO-ORDINATES:- 510748.673 E, 3684272.962N FEATURE P10 (Br-2)
STARTED : 04.04.2018 COMPLETED 26.04.2018 DRILLING AGENCY : SECL Srinagar
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Size of core Structural Drill Water SPT-Number of
Lithology Ratio Percent Core Recovery (%) Loss Permeability

Interpreted %age of
Special
Interpreted %age of
Penetration Rate
Observations and
80.00 - 100.00
75 to 150 mm
rock fragments
20.00 - 39.99
40.00 - 59.99
60.00 - 79.99
10 to 25 mm interpretations /
25 to 75 mm
Test section
0.00 - 19.99
Size of hole
mm/s OR
Depth (m)
Description
Description
Type of Bit
matrix (fine)
Weathering Grade
LUGEON
(mm/min)
Complete
>150 mm
In figures
< 10 mm
RQD(%)
N-Value
Casing
Partial
15-30
30-45
0-15
Log
Log
15-8
IMP(Nx Size) Diamond Core Bit.

blocky very blocky 83 31 17
6
2
39.000 39.00
Over
15
Light grey colored, Blocky Blocky 68 12 17
Core samples
6
1
40.000 40.00
Complete
slightly weathered,
Not Met
medium strong to
NIL
NX
Blocky Blocky 61 26 15
weak fine grained
15-8
3
3
41.000 41.00
PHYLLITIC
QUARTZITE Blocky Blocky 74 28 15
6
2
42.000 42.00
Over
15
Blocky Blocky 70 10 15
6
1
43.000 43.00
NB: Pl-Planer ,Sm-Smooth,Un-Undulating,Rg-Rough,St-Stepped,Sl-Silica Filling,Cl-Clay,Py-Pyrite and Fr-Fractured.
INDEX Core Recovery
Overburden Bed Rock Boundary
Phyllitic Quartzite
Page 38
Annexure-II
Photographs of Core boxes
BH No P6
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
Agency : Space Engineers Consortium Private Limited
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 01 (One)
Depth : 0.00 m o 16.0 m
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 02 (Two)
Depth : 16.0 m to 24.0m
SUBMITTED
Geotechnical Investigation Report Of Piers P6, And P10 of Bridge
TO
No.2 of Dharam-Qazigund Section Of USBRL Project Jammu And P a g e | 39
Kashmir
HCC Limited
Annexure-II
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 03 (Three)
Depth : 24.0m to 30.0m
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 04 (Four)
SUBMITTED
TO
Kashmir
HCC Limited
Annexure-II
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P6
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 05 (Five)
SUBMITTED
TO
Kashmir
HCC Limited
Annexure-II
BH No P10
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 01 (One)
Depth : 0.00 m to 13.0 m
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 02 (Two)
Depth : 13.0 m to 22.0 m
SUBMITTED
TO
Kashmir
HCC Limited
Annexure-II
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 03 (Three)
Depth : 22.0 m to 30.0 m
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 04 (Four)
Depth : 30.0 m to 37.0 m
SUBMITTED
TO
Kashmir
HCC Limited
Annexure-II
Project : USBRL
Client : HCC
BH No : P10
Bridge No : 02
Box No : 05 (Five)
Depth : 38.0 m to 43.0 m
SUBMITTED
TO
Kashmir
HCC Limited
Annexure-III
Sample Calculation
For well dia 8m
For permissible settlement of 25mm and Bf=8m and Bp=1.2m
Sp/Sf=(Bp(Bf+0.3)/Bf(Bp+0.3))2
Sp=(1.2(8+0.3)/8(1.2+0.3))2 x 25
Sp=17.22mm
Corresponding to settlement of 17.22mm ,a stress of 4.2kg/cm2 is obtained from IS

10042-1981 Fig 2 . So the qa for 25mm permissible settlement is 42t/m2 .
Teng modified equation for 25mm permissible settlement
qa=3.35xCb(N-3)((B+0.3)/2B)2dwdf
dw=0.5+0.5wB/D
w= depth of water table below footing

df=1+Df/B<2
For 20m deep foundation df=1.23
Cb for gravely soil=2
qa=3.35x2x(50-3)(8+0.3/2x8)2x0.5x1.23
qa=52.11t/m2
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 45
HCC Limited
Annexure-III
Sample Calculation
For well dia 10m
For permissible settlement of 25mm and Bf=10m and Bp=1.2m
Sp/Sf=(Bp(Bf+0.3)/Bf(Bp+0.3))2
Sp=(1.2(10+0.3)/10(1.2+0.3))2 x 25
Sp=16.97mm
Corresponding to settlement of 16.97mm ,a stress of 4.1kg/cm2 is obtained from IS
10042-1981 Fig 2 . So the qa for 25mm permissible settlement is 41t/m2 .
Teng modified equation for 25mm permissible settlement
qa=3.35xCb(N-3)((B+0.3)/2B)2dwdf
dw=0.5+0.5wB/D
w= depth of water table below footing
df=1+Df/B<2
For 20m deep foundation df=1.23
Cb for gravely soil=2
qa=3.35x2x(50-3)(10+0.3/2x10)2x0.5x1.33
qa=51.36t/m2
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 46
HCC Limited
Annexure-III
For Rocky strata
i) UCS Criteria
Safe bearing pressure
qs= qcNj
Where
qs= safe bearing pressure (gross)
qc = average uniaxial compressive strength of rock cores,
Nj= empirical coefficient depending on the spacing of discontinuities
3 + S/B1
10 √(1+300 δ/S
δ= thickness of discontinuities in cm,

S = spacing of discontinuities in cm, and
B1= footing width in cm.
In present case
Nj=0.10
qc = 275.31kg/cm2
qs(gross)= x0.10 = 27.53kg/cm2
Correction due to submergence=0.75
qs(gross)= = 27.53 x 0.75 kg/cm2 =20.64kg/cm2
= 206.4 t/m2
ii) RMR Criteria
Table 3 Net Safe Bearing pressures and Based on RMR
Classification No I II III IV V
Description of work Very good Good Fair Poor Very poor
RMR 100-81 80-61 60-41 40-21 20-0
qns(t/m2) 600-448 440-288 280-151 145-90-58 55-45-40
IS – 12070-1987
In instant case
RMR have been taken as 31
Safe bearing pressure = qns= 103 t/m2 (say 100t/m2)
SUBMITTED
P a g e | 47
HCC Limited

REPORT Bridge No. 2 P6 and P10 PDF

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

REPORT Bridge No. 2 P6 and P10 PDF

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Geotechnical Investigation Report of Piers P6 and P10 of Bridge No.

USBRL Project Jammu and Kashmir

Hindustan Construction CoLtd

Space Engineers’ Consortium (P) Ltd.

2.0 Scope of Work 02-03

3.0 Location & Brief Details about Bridge Site 04-05

4.0 Field Investigation and Geological Studies 06-12

5.0 Geology of Bridge Area 13-14

6.0 Sub Surface Geology 14-20

7.0 Laboratory Tests Methodology for Soil/ Rock Samples 20-25

8.0 Geotechnical Assessment 26-33

9.0 Conclusion and Recommendations 34-35

10.0 Annexure-I Bore log 36-38

11.0 Annexure II Photographs of Core Boxes 39-44

12.0 Annexure III Sample Calculation 45-47

Geotechnical Investigation Report of Piers P6 and P10 of Bridge No.2

The objective of the investigation is to generate a report incorporating subsurface

2.0 Scope of work.

ii) Conducting Standard Penetration Test at specified intervals, wherever

a NGL up to 20m Rm 180

d Conducting SPT in all types of Soil/ Soft Ground Nos. 25

b Beyond 20m Rm. 210

Drilling Nx Size bore holes with core recovery (76mm

b Beyond 20m Rm. 209

c Conducting Permeability test by Packer Method Nos. 21

7 Laboratory Testing In Rock

a Bulk and dry density Nos. 10

b Water absorption & Porosity Nos. 10

c Specific gravity Nos. 10

3.0 Location and Brief Details about Bridge site

Plate I sectional view of borelogs of bridge No 2

4.0 Field Investigation and Geological Studies

4.1 Borehole Locations

Table 1(Borehole location Details)

4.2 METHODOLOGY OF FIELD WORK

4.3 Drill Holes

4.4 Procedure of Drilling

b) Specific procedure was adopted to reduce water circulation as and when

4.5 Observations during Drilling

4.6 Standard Penetration Tests (SPT)

CORRELATION FOR CLAY/PLASTIC SILT CORRELATION FOR SAND/NON-

Penetration Value Penetration Value

Very Soft 0 to 2 Blows Very loose 0 to 4 Blows

Soft 3 to 4 Blows Loose 5 to 10 Blows

Medium Stiff 5 to 8 Blows Medium 11 to 30 Blows

Stiff 9 to 16 Blows Dense 31 to 50 Blows

Very Stiff 17 to 32 Blows Very Dense Above 50

4.7 Disturbed Sampling in Drill holes

4.8 Undisturbed Sampling in Drill holes

4.9 Core Samples in Drill holes

Photographs of core boxes are given in Annexure-II.

Water table levels below ground level

Bridge Location Depth of Water table

P6 16.15 Water table levels

4.4 Regional Geology of the Study area

Rocks of Siwalik and Murree Group of foreland to Pre-Tertiary rocks of Lesser

TABLE 2– Stratigraphic Sequences (Based on GSI Sp. Pub. 26, 1989)

Formation Lithology Age

Quaternary Soil, clay,sand, boulders, pebbles, etc. Recent

Siwalik Sandstone,claystone,siltstone Miocene to Pleistocene

__________ Main Boundary Fault ____________

Murree Sandstone, claystone, siltstone Miocene to Oligocene

__________ _____ Murree Thrust ______ __________

Main Boundary Fault __

________ _ Murree Thrust ______

Panjal Thrust _