PENGANTAR

Rasa syukur yang dalam kami sampaikan ke hadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Pemurah, karena
berkat kemurahanNya penulis dapat menyelesaikan makalah berjudul “Adverbs Of Place and
Adverbs Of Time”

Makalah ini dibuat dalam rangka memenuhi tugas kuliah BAHASA INGGRIS pada
AKADEMI KEPERAWATAN STIKES IMELDA MEDAN PROGRAM RPL Tahun Akademik
2018 / 2019.

Besar harapan penulis dengan makalah ini dapat memberi pengetahuan serta acuan untuk
para penulis lainnya dalam menganalisis lebih lanjut makalah ini. Penulis mengetahui makalah ini
masih jauh dari kata sempurna. Kelebihan dari makalah ini dapat dilihat dari segi pemaparannya,
sedangkan kekurangannya adalah hanya ditinjau secara global dan penulis berharap para penulis
lain dapat mengembangkannya.

Penulis sangat berterima kasih kepada semua pihak yang terkait dalam pembuatan makalah
ini.

Nias, 2018

Penulis

TUTI SRIMAWARNI MENDROFA

 DAFTAR ISI

Kata pengantar ........................................................................................................ ii

Daftar Isi ................................................................................................................ iii

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1

B. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................ 1

C. Tujuan Masalah ............................................................................................ 2

BAB II. PEMBAHASAN

A. Definition Adverbs ....................................................................................... 3

B. Kinds Of Adverbs ........................................................................................ 6

1. Adverbs Of Place ................................................................................... 6

2. Adverbs Of Time ................................................................................... 6

BAB III. PENUTUP

A. Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 8

B. Kritik dan Saran ........................................................................................... 8

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .............................................................................................. 9

 BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang

Adverb atau kata keterangan dapat memodifikasi kata kerja, kata sifat,keterangan lain, frase,
atau klausa. Adverb menunjukkan cara, waktu, tempat, menyebabkan, atau derajat/tingkatan
dan menjawab pertanyaan seperti “bagaimana,” “how,” “when,” “where,” “how much”.

Hal yang menyebabkan Noun, adjective, adverb, article, pronoun, dan penggunaan to be
menjadi bidang kajian bahasa inggris yang penting tidak lain karena melalui itu semua
seseorang dapat menyapaikan maksudnya dengan jelas.satuan bahasa yang sudah kita kenal
sebelum sampai pada tataran kalimat adalah: Noun (kata benda), Adjective (kata sifat), dan
Adverb (kata keterangan). Ketiga bentuk itu, adalah pembelajaran dasar atau struktur dasar
yang harus kita pelajari supaya lebih memahami tata cara berbahasa inggris dengan baik dan
lancar. Pronoun atau kata ganti noun dalam tata bahasa inggris / english grammar
memegang peranan yang sangat penting. Bisa kita bayangkan jika bahasa manusia tidak
memiliki kata ganti mungkin akan timbul kejanggalan-kejanggalan. Singkatnya bahwa
semua bentuk noun yang begitu beragam jenisnya bisa kita ganti dengan pronoun.

B. Rumusan Masalah
1. Apakah pengertianAdverb?
2. Apakah pengertian Adverb Of Place?
3. Apakah pengertian Adverb Of Time?

C. Tujuan Masalah
1. Untuk mengetahui pengertian Adverbs.
2. Untuk memahami pengertian Adverbs Of Place.
3. Untuk mengetahui pengertian Adverbs Of Time.

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 BAB II

PEMBAHASAN

A. DefinitionAdverbs

Adverbs are words that adds information to adverb, adjective, phrase and another adverb
(oxford dictionary).

 a verb (He drove slowly. — How did he drive?)

 an adjective (He drove a very fast car. — How fast was his car?)
 another adverb (She moved quite slowly down the aisle. — How slowly did she
move?)

As we will see, adverbs often tell when, where, why, or under what conditions something
happens or happened. Adverbs frequently end in -ly; however, many words and phrases not
ending in -ly serve an adverbial function and an -ly ending is not a guarantee that a word is
an adverb. The words lovely, lonely, motherly, friendly, neighborly, for instance, are
adjectives:

- That lovely womanlivesin a friendly neighborhood.

If a group of words containing a subject and verb acts as an adverb (modifying the verb of a
sentence), it is called an Adverb Clause:

- When this class is over, we're going to the movies.

When a group of words not containing a subject and verb acts as an adverb, it is called an
adverbial phrase. Prepositional phrases frequently have adverbial functions (telling place
and time, modifying the verb):

- He went to the movies.

- She works on holidays.
- They lived in Canada during the war.

And Infinitive phrases can act as adverbs (usually telling why):

- She hurried to the mainland to see her brother.

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But there are other kinds of adverbial phrases:

- He calls his mother as often as possible. Adverbs can modifyadjectives, but an

adjective cannot modify an adverb. This we would say that "the students showed a
really wonderful attitude" and that "the students showed a wonderfully casual
attitude" and that "my professor is really tall, but not"He ran real fast."

Like adjectives, adverbs can have comparative and superlative forms to show degree.

- Walk faster if you want to keep up with me.

- The student who reads fastest will finish first.

We often use more and most, less and least to show degree with adverbs:

- With sneakers on, she could move more quickly among the patients.
- The flowers were the most beautifully arranged creations I've everseen.
- She worked less confidently after her accident.
- That was the least skillfully done performance I've seen in years.

The as — as construction can be used to create adverbs that express sameness or equality:

- He can't run as fast as his sister.

A handful of adverbs have two forms, one that ends in -ly and one that doesn't. In certain
cases, the two forms have different meanings:

- He arrived late.
- Lately, he couldn't seem to be on time for anything.

In most cases, however, the form without the -ly ending should be reserved for casual
situations:

- She certainly drives slow in that old Buick of hers.

- He did wrong by her.
- He spoke sharp, quick, and to the point.

Adverbs often function as intensifiers, conveying a greater or lesser emphasis to something.

Intensifiers are said to have three different functions: they can emphasize, amplify, or
downtone. Here are some examples:
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 1. Emphasizers (menegaskan):

 I really don't believe him.

 He literally wrecked his mother's car.
 She simply ignored me.
 They're going to be late, for sure.

2. Amplifiers (menguatkan):

 The teacher completely rejected her proposal.

 I absolutely refuse to attend any more faculty meetings.
 They heartily endorsed the new restaurant.
 I so wanted to go with them.
 We know this city well.

3. Downtoners(melemahkan):

 I kind of like this college.

 The boss almost quit after that.
 The school was all but ruined by the storm.1

B. Kinds Of Adverbs

1. Adverbs Of Place

Adverbs of place indicate where something happens. These include: abroad, anywhere,
here outside, somewhere, there, underground, upstair etc.2

For example:

a. My passport is here in my bag.

b. The children are playing outside.

c. He is reading a book in the class.3

1
Randolph Quirk, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, dan Jan Svartvik, Wilkipedia, A Grammar of Contemporary
English, Longman Group: London. 1978. Hal: 438-457.

2
Prof. Dr. Idham kholid, M.Ag, Bambang Irfani, M.Pd, dan Meisuri, M.Pd, Let’s study English a starting point for
learning English more, IAIN Raden Intan: Bandar Lampung. 2016. Hal: 120.
3
Robert Krohn, English Sentence Structure, Bina Rupa Aksara: Indonesia, 1990. Hal: 20
4
 2. Adverbs Of Time

Adverbs of time tell us when an action happened. These include: then, still, yet, now,
soon, last week, everyday, at seven, next week, tomorrow, since, during, while, for.

For Example:

a. He will come here tomorrow.

b. They are sleeping now.

c. She is going to visit her grandmother next week.4

4
Kholid, Irfani, dan Meisuri, Op.Cit., Hal: 121
5
 BAB III

PENUTUP

A. Kesimpulan

Adverbs are words that adds information to adverb, adjective, phrase and another adverb
(oxford dictionary).Adverbs often function as intensifiers, conveying a greater or lesser
emphasis to something.Adverbs of place indicate where something happens. These include:
abroad, anywhere, here outside, somewhere, there, underground, upstair etc. Adverbs of
time tell us when an action happened. These include: then, still, yet, now, soon, last week,
everyday, at seven, next week, tomorrow, since, during, while, for.

B. Kritik dan Saran

Demi penyempurnaan makalah ini, saran dan kritikan teman-teman sangat

dibutuhkan.Kesalahan dan kekeliruan yang terdapat dalam makalah ini adalah bukti dari
kerancuan pemikiran penulis, dan semua itu tidak lepas dari sifat manusia yang selalu salah
dan lupa.

6
 DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Randolph Quirk, Sidney Greenbaum, Geoffrey Leech, dan Jan Svartvik, Wilkipedia, A Grammar of
Contemporary English, Longman Group: London. 1978.

Prof. Dr. Idham kholid, M.Ag, Bambang Irfani, M.Pd, dan Meisuri, M.Pd, Let’s study English a
starting point for learning English more, IAIN Raden Intan: Bandar Lampung. 2016.
Robert Krohn, English Sentence Structure, Bina Rupa Aksara: Indonesia, 1990.