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Cessna 182T
VH-SDN
Last revised: 14 July 2016
Aircraft Overview
General Information ........................................................................... 1
Equipment and Features ..................................................................... 1
Recency and Restrictions ..................................................................... 1
Panel Photo ....................................................................................... 1
Performance – Specifications
Summary of Aircraft Performance and Specifications .............................. 2
Operating Limitations
Airspeeds .......................................................................................... 3
Power Plant ....................................................................................... 4
Fuel System ...................................................................................... 4
Tyre Pressures ................................................................................... 4
Manoeuvre / Load Limits ..................................................................... 4
Performance Charts
Takeoff Distances at 3100lbs (MTOW) ................................................... 9
Landing Distances at 2950lbs (MLW) ................................................... 10
Checklists
Normal Operations ............................................................................ 11
Emergency Operations ....................................................................... 22
Resources
Briefings .......................................................................................... 30
Useful Information ............................................................................ 33
NOTICE
The information and figures contained in this booklet are
to be used for general purposes only. This document is
not a substitute for the approved aeroplane flight manual.
It is ideal for advanced flight training (CPL) and CSU endorsements for
pilots who are familiar with C172’s. With long endurance, big load carrying
abilities and a high cruise speed this aircraft is great for cross-country
touring.
Panel Photo
Takeoff:
Normal Climb Out ........................................................70 – 80 KIAS
Short Field Takeoff, Flaps 20º, Speed at 50 ft ........................ 58 KIAS
Enroute Climb, Flaps Up:
Normal, sea level .........................................................85 – 95 KIAS
Best Rate-of-Climb, Sea level ............................................... 80 KIAS
Best Rate-of-Climb, 10,000 ft............................................... 74 KIAS
Best Angle-of-Climb, Sea level ............................................. 65 KIAS
Best Angle-of-Climb, 10,000 ft ............................................. 68 KIAS
Landing Approach (2950 Lbs):
Normal Approach Flaps Up ........................................... 70 – 80 KIAS
Normal Approach, Flaps FULL ....................................... 60 – 70 KIAS
Short Field Approach, Flaps FULL .......................................... 60 KIAS
Balked Landing (2950 Lbs):
Maximum Power, Flaps 20º .................................................. 55 KIAS
V-Speeds:
Vne (never exceed) .......................................................... 175 KIAS
Vno (Maximum structural cruising speed) ............................ 140 KIAS
Vfe (Flaps 10°) ................................................................. 140 KIAS
Vfe (Flaps 20°) ................................................................. 120 KIAS
Vfe (Flaps 30°) ................................................................. 100 KIAS
Maximum Recommended Turbulent Air Penetration Speed:
3100 Lbs ......................................................................... 110 KIAS
2600 Lbs ......................................................................... 101 KIAS
2100 Lbs ........................................................................... 91 KIAS
Maximum Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity:
Takeoff or landing............................................................ 15 KNOTS
Stall Speed:
Flaps Up, Power Off ............................................................ 51 KIAS
Flaps Down, Power Off ........................................................ 41 KIAS
Unless otherwise noted, the speeds listed above are based on a maximum
weight and may be used for any lesser weight. To achieve the performance
specified in the performance section for take-off distance of the aircraft
approved flight manual, the speed appropriate to the particular weight
must be used.
FUEL SYSTEM
TYRE PRESSURES
The design load factors are 150% of the above, and in all cases, the
structure meets or exceeds design loads.
The moment is the weight multiplied by the C.G. arm, divided by 1000.
Example: Pilot and front passenger weigh 340lbs, the arm is 37”.
Answer: (340 x 37) / 1000 = 12.58
Listed in the table below are the maximum passenger/baggage weights for
various endurances.
The purpose of this table is to allow you to quickly determine the maximum
load permissible on a particular length flight.
WARNING
PREFLIGHT INSPECTION
Visually check the aeroplane for general condition during walk-around
inspection. Aeroplane should be parked in a level ground attitude to ensure
that fuel drain valves allow for accurate sampling. Use of the refuelling
steps and assist handles will simplify access to the upper wing surfaces for
visual checks and refuelling operations. In cold weather, remove even small
accumulations of frost, ice or snow from wing, tail and control surfaces.
Also, make sure that control surfaces contain no internal accumulations of
ice or debris. Prior to flight, check that pitot heater is warm to touch within
30 seconds with battery and pitot heat switches on. If a night flight is
planned, check operation of all lights, and make sure a flashlight is
available.
(1) CABIN
(2) EMPENNAGE
(5) NOSE
WARNING
NOTE
If engine floods, turn off auxiliary fuel pump, place
mixture in idle cut off, open throttle ½ to full, and crank
engine. When engine fires, advance mixture to full rich
and retard throttle promptly
13. Oil Pressure -- CHECK. Confirm rising within 30 seconds or shut down.
14. AMPS (MAIN BATT and STBY BATT) -- Check charge (positive)
15. Low Volts Annunciator -- Verify OFF.
16. Avionics Master (Bus 1 and 2) -- ON
17. Navigation Lights and Flashing Beacon -- ON as required.
18. Radios/Navaids -- Set as required
19. Flaps -- RETRACT.
BEFORE TAKEOFF
1. Parking Brake -- SET.
2. Seat Backs -- MOST UPRIGHT POSITION.
3. Seats, Seatbelts and Shoulder Harnesses -- CHECK SECURE.
4. Cabin Doors -- CLOSED and LOCKED.
5. Flight Controls -- FULL FREE and CORRECT movement.
6. Flight Instruments PFD -- CHECK no red X’s.
7. Altimeters
a. PFD (BARO) -- SET
b. STBY ALT -- SET
8. G1000 ALT select -- SET
9. STBY Instruments -- CHECK and SET
10. Fuel Quantity -- CHECK verify correct.
11. Mixture -- RICH.
12. Fuel Selector Valve -- RECHECK BOTH.
13. Manual Electric Trim -- CHECK
14. Elevator Trim -- SET for takeoff.
15. Throttle -- 1800 RPM.
a. Magnetos -- CHECK. RPM drop should not exceed 175 RPM on
either magneto or 50 RPM differential between Magnetos. Confirm
on BOTH.
b. Propeller Control -- CYCLE from high to low RPM; return to high RPM
(full in).
c. Vacuum Gauge -- CHECK.
d. Engine Instruments and Ammeter -- CHECK.
16. Annunciators -- CHECK verify no annunciators are shown.
17. Throttle -- CHECK idle.
18. Throttle -- 1000 RPM.
19. Throttle Friction Lock -- ADJUST.
20. Radios and Avionics -- SET.
21. Check GPS2 availability on AUX-GPS STATUS page.
22. CDI Softkey -- Select NAV source (GPS, VOR 1 or VOR 2)
23. Wing Flaps -- SET for Takeoff (0º normal, 20º short field)
24. Cowl Flaps -- OPEN.
25. Self Brief -- COMPLETE (Aborted T/O, engine failure, TEM)
26. Brakes -- RELEASE.
TAKEOFF
NORMAL TAKEOFF
ENROUTE CLIMB
NORMAL CLIMB
CRUISE
1. Power -- 15-23 in.hg. 2000 - 2400 RPM (No more than 80%).
2. Rudder and Elevator Trim -- ADJUST.
3. Mixture -- LEAN.
4. Cowl Flaps -- CLOSE.
DESCENT
1. Self Brief -- COMPLETE (Arrival plan/expectations, TEM, contingencies)
2. Power -- AS DESIRED.
3. Mixture -- ENRICHEN as required.
4. Cowl Flaps -- CLOSED.
5. Altimeters:
a. PFD (BARO) -- SET
b. Standby Altimeter -- SET
c. KAP140 Autopilot (BARO) -- SET
5. G1000 ALT SEL -- SET
6. Fuel Selector Valve -- BOTH.
7. Wing Flaps -- AS DESIRED (0º - 10º below 140 KIAS; 10º - 20º below
120 KIAS; 20º - FULL below 100 KIAS).
BEFORE LANDING
1. Brakes -- Checked and parking brake OFF.
2. Undercarriage -- DOWN and locked.
3. Mixture -- RICH.
4. Fuel -- Check quantity, pressure and tank selection BOTH.
5. Instruments -- Check temps and pressures in GREEN, QNH SET.
6. Switches -- MAGS both, MASTER on, LIGHTS as required.
7. Seat Backs -- MOST UPRIGHT POSITION.
8. Hatches and Harnesses -- SECURED and LOCKED.
9. Autopilot -- OFF.
LANDING
NORMAL LANDING
BALKED LANDING
INTRODUCTION
Emergencies caused by aeroplane or engine malfunctions are extremely
rate if proper pre-flight inspections and maintenance are performed.
Procedures in this section shown in bold faced type are immediate action
items that should be committed to memory.
AIRSPEEDS
AIRSPEEDS FOR EMERGENCY OPERATION
1. Throttle -- IDLE.
2. Brakes -- APPLY.
3. Wing Flaps -- RETRACT.
4. Mixture -- IDLE CUT OFF.
5. Ignition Switch -- OFF.
6. Master Switch -- OFF.
FORCED LANDINGS
EMERGENCY LANDING WITHOUT ENGINE POWER
DITCHING
NOTE
If no power is available, approach at 70 KIAS
with flaps up or at 65 KIAS with 10° flaps.
If engine starts:
WARNING
CABIN FIRE
WARNING
WING FIRE
If vacuum is not within normal operating limits a failure has occurred in the
vacuum system and partial panel procedures may be required for continued
flight.
1. Alternator -- OFF.
2. Electrical Load -- REDUCE IMMEDIATELY as follows:
a. Avionics Switch (BUS 1) -- OFF.
b. Pitot Heat -- OFF.
c. All lights -- OFF.
NOTE
THE MAIN BATTERY SUPPLIES ELECTRICAL POWER TO THE MAIN AND ESSENTIAL
BUSES UNTIL M BUS VOLTS DECREASES BELOW 20 VOLTS. THEN THE STANDBY
BATTERY SYSTEM WILL AUTOMATICALLY SUPPLY ELECTRICAL POWER TO THE
ESSENTIAL BUS FOR AT LEAST 30 MINUTES.
VH-SDN (Version: 20160714) - 28 - www.airborne-aviation.com.au
HIGH VOLTS ANNUNCIATOR ILLUMINATES OR M BAT AMPS MORE
THAN 40 (CONTINUED)
NOTE
WHEN AVIONICS BUS 2 IS SET TO OFF, THE FOLLOWING ITEMS WILL NOT OPERATE:
7. Alternator -- OFF.
8. Nonessential Radio and Electrical Equipment -- OFF.
9. Flight -- TERMINATE as soon as practical.
Passengers should stay with you while airside for security and safety.
No smoking anywhere while airside or in the aircraft.
Stay away from other aircraft and be alert to hazards.
Overview of flight and expected flying conditions.
Does anybody require the toilet before we take-off?
ON THE GROUND
IN FLIGHT
How you plan on conducting your approach to the aerodrome, and what
clearance or joining procedure you anticipate based on ATIS / AWIS.
Example: Join upwind for RWY 06 at 1,800ft descending on upwind to 1,300ft.
Any NOTAMS relevant to your approach and landing.
Example: RWY 10/28 closed due soft wet surface.
Consider any threats relevant to the arrival and manage them.
Example: Particularly strong crosswind and in-to-wind runway not available.
- Revise crosswind procedure, be go-around minded if unstable.
- Consider diversion if necessary.
The type of approach and landing you plan on making.
Example: Reduced flap setting due to strong winds, final speed 65-75kts.
If needing to go-around, the actions required to execute the procedure.
Example: Full power, raise nose, establish positive climb, flaps up slowly,
communicate with ATC or other aircraft.
Tower closed, CTAF procedures Without additional safety of tower protection maintain an enhanced
in operation lookout and radio monitoring.
Short Runway Ensure correct short field take-off or landing procedures are used and
that performance has been confirmed.
Landing in to setting sun Use another runway if possible. Wear sunglasses and be go-around
minded if unhappy with any aspect of the approach.
Adverse Weather Ensure correct crosswind procedures are adopted and you are up to
ie. Crosswind on landing the task (aircraft and/or crosswind recency). Be go-around minded if
the approach or landing becomes unstable. Request an alternate
runway if operationally required or preferred.
Your recency Study aircraft procedures prior to flight and take extra time to
perform checks and monitor your own performance, or take a safety
pilot.
ERROR MANAGEMENT
The TEM model accepts that it is unavoidable that pilots, as human beings,
will make errors. While errors may be inevitable, safety of flight requires
that errors that occur are identified and managed before flight safety
margins are compromised.
Location Frequency
Camden Tower / CTAF(R) 120.1
Ground 121.9
ATIS / AWIS 125.1
Training Area Sydney Radar 124.55
Bankstown Tower / CTAF(R) 132.8
Preferred diversion airport
Ground 119.9
ATIS / AWIS 120.9
NDB 416
Wedderburn CTAF 122.55
The Oaks CTAF 126.7
Airborne Aviation Airborne Base 119.2
Phone (02) 4655 7200
SYDNEY/Bankstown (YSBK)
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