SOLUTIONS TO MOCK SEM 1

2013 / 14
CHEMISTRY 1
962 / 1
 From the electronic configuration, no or e- = no of p = 31
Nucleon number of 2 isotopes m and n : 31 + 38 = 69 and 31 + 40 = 71 respectively
AR ; 69.7 = 69(x) + 71(100-x) / x + 100 – x
So, x = 65.0

From eq 1 and 2, ratio of CH3CH3 : Cl2 : CH3CH2Cl : HCl : (CH3CH2)4Pb : Pb : NaCl

4 4 4 4 1 3 4
From the electronic conf, only (A) and (C) have 7 valence electrons, but (C) is a
transition metal which can form positive ion, M2+, while (A) formed X-

Since it is from 3rd shell, so formula is 32 = 9

From the choices of answer, the best answer is D, since the hydrogen bond strength
decrease as the electronegativity decrease from F > O > N

From the choices of answer, the best answer is D, since Z is from d-block element.
Usually it can delocalised more electrons
Use equation : PV = nRT ;[(600-100) / 760] X 101 kPa x V = (0.100/28) ( 8.31) (298)
V = 1.33 x 10-4 m3 @ 133 cm3
For 1. The rate constant after calculation is
k = [ (0.20/2)(0.10/2)2] / 3.2 x 10-4 ; k = 0.128 mol-2 dm6 s-1
For 2. answer is correct as unit of rate constant is mol-2 dm6 s-1
For 3 : since from above reaction rate = k [(0.20/2) (0.10/2)2] = x
If the volume is doubled, rate = k [ (0.20/2(2) )(0.10/2(2))2]
rate = k x ½ x ¼ [(0.20/2)(0.10/2)2]
rate = 1/8 k [ 0.20/2)(0.10/2)2]
In autoionisation, methanol act as acid and base, hence possessed amphoteric
properties

Since rate determining step, a slow step, is bimolecular, therefore, k = mol dm-3 s-1
(mol dm-3)2
k = mol-1 dm3 s-1
The energy profile of an endothermic reaction is shown below
A
B ∆H = + kJ / mol

Fromt the diagram, it clearly shows that activation of forward reaction is greater than
the backward reaction
Phenolphthalein is a suitable indicator use for titration between strong acid and strong
alkali and also weak acid, strong alkali.

From calculation using Raoult’s Law, where

Ptot = (0.30 x 48 kPa) + (0.70 x 36) P tot = 39.6 kPa.
Therefore, mixture of 2 liquid is ideal liquid hence have almost the same intermolecar
forces
Since mixture X-Y has lower b.p., so it is not ideal mixture (hence not A). Furthermore,
it have positive deviation (mean intermoelcular forces between reactant is stronger
than products) so B is wrong. From the deduction, it only need to fractional distilalte 4
times to get azeotropic mixture. So when fractional distillate, azeotrope (Q) will be first
distilate followed by Y. Hence X is the residual liquid.
Boiling point increase from SF2 ; SF4 ; SF6 [1]
Molecular mass increase from SF2 ; SF4 ; SF6 , hence increase the weak Van
Der Waals forces [1]

SF2 ; SF4 SF6

Ksp = [Ca2+] [OH–] 2 [1]

Ca(OH)2 + 2 HCl
CaCl2 + 2 H2O

M aV a a ( 0 .0500 )(18 .2 ) 2 Ca(OH)2 = 0.02275 mol dm-3

= = [OH-] = 0.0455 mol dm-3
M bV b b M b ( 20 .0 ) 1

[OH-] = 0.0455 mol dm-3

pOH = 1.34 [1]
pH = 12.7 [1]

Ca(OH)2 = 0.02275 mol dm-3 Ksp = [Ca2+] [OH–]2

[Ca2+] = 0.02275 mol dm-3 Ksp = (0.02275)(0.0455)2
[OH-] = 0.0455 mol dm-3 Ksp = 4.71 x 10-5 mol3 dm-9 [1]

To absorb carbon dioxide / to teat acidic soil

Sample 1 : AR = 204(2.7) + 206(48.0) + 207(41.5) + 208 (100.0)
2.7 + 48.0 + 41.5 + 100.0 [1]
AR = 207.2 [1]
Sample 2 : mass of Pb = 1.000 ; mass of chlorine atom in PbCl2 = 0.341

Element Pb Cl
Mass 1.000 0.341
Mol 1.000 / x 0.341 / 35.45
=a = 9.62 x 10-3 mol
Ratio a/a=1 9.62 x 10-3 / a = 2
Therefore, a = 4.81 x 10-3 mol [1]
AR of Pb in 2nd sample ; x = 1.000 / 4.81 x 10-3 = 207.9 [1]
As conclusion, lead from sample 1 and sample 2 have different isotopic
composition [1]
b) i. RMM of PCl5 = 31.0 + 5(35.5) = 208.5 ; PCl3 = 137.5 ; Cl2 = 71 [1]
ii. MR = dRT / P @ PV = nRT [1]
MR = (15.0) / 1.00 x 10-3) x 8.31 x 473 / 310 x 103 [1]
MR = 190 [1]
iii. Some PCl5 dissociated in the process of heating [1]
iv. a) - When pressure increase , equilibrium shift to left [1]
Since left side of equation / reactant has lesser number of mol of gas
compare to the right side of equation / products [1]
b) - When temperature increase, equilibrium shift to right [1]
- Since forward reaction is endothermic process, so as temperature increase,
the equilibrium shift to the position of endothermic process [1]
Using Rydberg and Planck equations
• Since visible light is used, so n1 = 2 while n2 = ∞ [1]
• Using Rydberg equation 1  1 1  1 1 1 
= RH  2 − 2  = 1.097 x 10  2 − 2 
7

λ λ 2 ∞ 
 n1 n2  
@ 1 / λ = 2.74 x 106 m-1 [1]
• Using Plank Equation
hc E = (6.63 x 10-34) (3.0 x 108) (2.74 x 106) [1]
E=
λ E = 5.45 x 10-19 J / e [1]

• Hence, the ionisation energy of hydrogen for 1 mol of hydrogen atom

Since in 1 mol contain 6.02 x 1023 e, so
Ionisation energy, ∆H = E x NA @
= 5.45 x 10-19 J / e x 6.02 x 1023 [1]
= 328 kJ / mol [1]
ii. - Positive deviation [1]
- since the azeotropic mixture has lower boiling point / higher vapour pressure [1]
- as the intermolecular forces of products of mixture is weaker than the
intermolecular forces between pure ethanol and pure cyclohexane (reactant) [1]
iii. - mixture of 2 compounds at the lowest boiling point [1] where liquid and gas are
at equilibrium [1]
iv. - first distillate is azeotropic mixture [1]
- residues are mixture pure ethanol and pure cyclohexane [1]
Boiling
Point / oC
gas

liquid

0 mol fraction of cyclohexane 1

 Diamond
Each carbon is bonded to 4 other
Bonding carbon using strong covalent
bond between carbon atoms
Hybridisation sp3 hybridisation
Conductivity an insulator
Graphite
Each carbon is bonded to 3 other
carbon using strong covalent
bond between carbon atoms,
which each layer is held by weak
Van Der Waals forces
sp2 hybridisation
A good conductor