Nellcor N-20 Pulse Oximeter - Service Manual PDF

Service Manual
N-20/N-20P Portable Pulse Oximeter
Caution: Federal law (U.S.A.) restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician.
To contact Nellcor’s representative: In the United States, call 1.800.635.5267 or 314.654.2000; outside the United States, call your local
Nellcor representative.
2001, 2003 Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. All rights reserved. 062397E-0703
0123
Tyco Healthcare Group LP
Nellcor Puritan Bennett Division
4280 Hacienda Drive
Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA
Toll Free 1.800.NELLCOR
Authorized Representative
Tyco Healthcare UK LTD
154 Fareham Road
Gosport PO13 0AS, U.K.
Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. is an affiliate of Tyco Healthcare. Nellcor, Nellcor Puritan Bennett, Durasensor, Oxisensor II,
Oxinet, Dura-Y, Oxiband, and Oxicliq are trademarks of Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc.
To obtain information about a warranty, if any, for this product, contact Nellcor's Technical Services Department, or your local
representative.
Purchase of this instrument confers no expressed or implied license under any Nellcor Puritan Bennett patent to use the
instrument with any sensor that is not manufactured or licensed by Nellcor Puritan Bennett.
Covered by one or more of the following U.S. Patents and foreign equivalents: 4,621,643; 4,700,708; and 4,770,179.
CONTENTS
1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Manual Overview ................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Warnings and Cautions ...................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.3 Description of N-20 Portable Pulse Oximeter .................................................................................. 1-1
2 Routine Maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 2-1
2.2 Cleaning............................................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.3 Periodic Safety and Functional Checks ............................................................................................ 2-1
2.4 Battery.................................................................................................................................................. 2-1
3 Performance Verification ............................................................................................................. 3-1

3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 Required Materials ............................................................................................................................. 3-1
3.3 Performance Tests .............................................................................................................................. 3-1
4 Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................................. 4-1
4.1 How to Use this Section ...................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Who Should Perform Repairs............................................................................................................. 4-1
4.3 Replacement Level Supported ............................................................................................................ 4-1
4.4 Obtaining Replacement Parts ............................................................................................................ 4-1
4.5 Troubleshooting Guide ....................................................................................................................... 4-2
4.6 Service Procedures ............................................................................................................................. 4-4
4.7 Error Codes ......................................................................................................................................... 4-7
5 Disassembly Guide ............................................................................................................................ 5-1

5.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Required Equipment/Tools ................................................................................................................. 5-1
6 Spare Parts ............................................................................................................................................ 6-1

6.1 N-20/N-20P Spare Parts..................................................................................................................... 6-1
7 Packing for Shipment ..................................................................................................................... 7-1
iii
CONTENTS
7.1 General Instructions ........................................................................................................................... 7-1

7.2 Repacking in Original Carton............................................................................................................ 7-1
8 Specifications ........................................................................................................................................ 8-1

8.1 Readout ................................................................................................................................................ 8-1
8.2 Controls ............................................................................................................................................... 8-1
8.3 Operating Modes................................................................................................................................. 8-1
8.4 Printer Output ..................................................................................................................................... 8-2
8.5 N-20/N-20P Performance................................................................................................................... 8-2
8.6 Sensor Types ........................................................................................................................................ 8-3
8.7 Electrical Specifications ..................................................................................................................... 8-3
8.8 Environmental Specifications ............................................................................................................ 8-3
8.9 Physical Specifications ....................................................................................................................... 8-4
9 Technical Supplement .................................................................................................................... 9-1

9.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 9-1
9.2 Functional versus Fractional Saturation .......................................................................................... 9-1
9.3 Measured versus Calculated Saturation ........................................................................................... 9-1
9.4 Circuit Analysis ................................................................................................................................... 9-2
9.5 Functional Overview .......................................................................................................................... 9-2
9.6 SpO2 Analog Circuitry Block Diagram (Figure 9-3) ....................................................................... 9-3
9.7 Definition of Terms ............................................................................................................................. 9-5
9.8 Overall Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................... 9-6
9.9 SpO2 Analog Circuitry ........................................................................................................................ 9-7
9.10 Digital Circuitry ................................................................................................................................ 9-11
9.11 Support Illustrations ......................................................................................................................... 9-30
FIGURES
Page Number
Figure 5-1: Sensor Lock, and Printer, Paper, and Battery Access Doors ........................................................ 5-2
Figure 5-2: N-20 Covers with the PCB and Display Assembly ......................................................................... 5-3
Figure 5-3: Main, Auxiliary, and Display PCB Assembly ................................................................................. 5-4
Figure 5-4: Printer and Flex Circuit Installation ............................................................................................... 5-5
Figure 9-1: Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve................................................................................................ 9-2
Figure 9-2: Overall Block Diagram ..................................................................................................................... 9-3
Figure 9-3: SpO2 Analog Circuitry Block Diagram........................................................................................... 9-3
Figure 9-4: Digital Circuitry Block Diagram...................................................................................................... 9-4
Figure 9-5: Power Supply Block Diagram ......................................................................................................... 9-4
Figure 9-6: Display Control Block Diagram ...................................................................................................... 9-5
iv
CONTENTS
Figure 9-7: Printer Control Block Diagram....................................................................................................... 9-5

Figure 9-11: Variable Gain Circuit.................................................................................................................... 9-9
Figure 9-12: Filtering Circuit ............................................................................................................................ 9-10
Figure 9-4: Digital Circuitry Block Diagram.................................................................................................... 9-12
Figure 9-14: N-20 Hardware Block Diagram................................................................................................... 9-14
Figure 9-15: Address Demultiplexing Circuit.................................................................................................. 9-15
Figure 9-16: Address Decoding Circuit ............................................................................................................ 9-16
Figure 9-17: CPU Memory Circuit ................................................................................................................... 9-17
Figure 9-18: Input Port Circuit......................................................................................................................... 9-18
Figure 9-20: Real-Time Clock Circuit .............................................................................................................. 9-19
Figure 9-21: Audio Output Circuit ................................................................................................................... 9-20
Figure 9-6: Display Control Block Diagram .................................................................................................... 9-20
Figure 9-23: User Controls Circuit ................................................................................................................... 9-22
Figure 9-26: Analog Reference Voltage Circuit............................................................................................... 9-25
Figure 9-27: Ambient Light Circuit.................................................................................................................. 9-25
Figure 9-28: Ambient Temperature Circuit..................................................................................................... 9-26
Figure 9-29: Battery Voltage Circuit ................................................................................................................ 9-26
Figure 9-30: Battery Type Circuit .................................................................................................................... 9-26
Figure 9-32: Printer Flex Circuit ...................................................................................................................... 9-28
Figure 9-8: LED Drive Circuit ......................................................................................................................... 9-31
Figure 9-9: Differential Synchronous Demodulation Circuit ........................................................................ 9-33
Figure 9-10 N-20 HSO Timing Diagram ......................................................................................................... 9-35
Figure 9-13: AC Variable Gain Control Circuits ............................................................................................ 9-37
Figure 9-19: Output Port Circuit ...................................................................................................................... 9-39
Figure 9-22: Display Control Circuit................................................................................................................ 9-41
Figure 9-24: Power Supply Circuit ................................................................................................................... 9-43
Figure 9-25: Power Control Circuit.................................................................................................................. 9-45
Figure 9-31: Printer Interface Circuit .............................................................................................................. 9-47
Figure 9-33: N-20 SpO2 Analog Block Diagram ............................................................................................. 9-49
Figure 9-34: CPU Circuit................................................................................................................................... 9-51
Figure 9-35: N-20 Main PCB Schematic Diagram .......................................................................................... 9-53
Figure 9-36: N-20 Auxiliary PCB Schematic Diagram ................................................................................... 9-55
Figure 9-37: N-20 Flex Circuit Schematic Diagram........................................................................................ 9-57
TABLES
Table 4-1: Microprocessor Error Codes ............................................................................................................ 4-7
Table 8-1: Sensors................................................................................................................................................. 8-3
v
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Manual Overview
1.2 Warnings and Cautions
1.3 Description of the N-20 Portable Pulse Oximeter
1.1 Manual Overview
This manual contains service information for the Nellcor® portable pulse oximeter, models
N-20/N-20P, that is necessary to maintain and repair the N-20/N-20P by qualified service personnel.
Note that models designated for sale in Europe differ from models designated for sale in the USA
only in that the user control buttons and display use icons rather than alphabetical characters, and that
the product labels reflect the appropriate European certifications and company addresses.
1.2 Warnings and Cautions
"WARNING" is used to call attention to procedures that could result in an error in calibration or
performance, and/or precautions that are important to ensure the safety of both service personnel and
patients.
"CAUTION" is used to call attention to procedures that should be carefully followed to prevent
damage to the instrument.
1.3 Description of N-20 Portable Pulse Oximeter
The Nellcor portable pulse oximeters model N-20 (without printer) and N-20P (with printer) provide
noninvasive and continuous information about the percent of oxygen that is combined with
hemoglobin (SpO2) and pulse rate. A pulse amplitude indicator provides a qualitative indication of
pulse activity and patient perfusion. These instruments can be operated in either spot-check mode
(single-measurement), or extended-measurement mode (30 minutes of data). Patients are connected
to the instrument by a Nellcor oximeter sensor. The sensor LEDs are driven by the SpO2 analog
section, which also conditions the incoming signals, and provides CPU adjustable gains stages. The
CPU measures the sensor's analog outputs, continually controls the gain stages, and calculates SpO2.
The N-20/N-20P is automatically calibrated each time it is switched on, and whenever a new sensor is
connected; it sets sensor-specific calibration coefficients by reading a calibration resistor in the
sensor. Also, the intensity of the sensor's light sources is adjusted automatically to compensate for
differences in tissue thickness and skin color.
Standard user controls consist of a Measure button and a Check-Battery button. The Measure button
signals the power control circuit to switch on the power supply. The power supply then provides
regulated power to the unit. Once power is on, the CPU reads both the Measure and Check-Battery
buttons for user commands.
The N-20P printer provides a hard copy of acquired patient measurements. The printer circuit
includes three user control buttons: ON (on/off), ADV (advance), and D/D (day/date). In addition, an
ambient temperature sensor is used with the battery voltage input to control printout quality.
1-1
2 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE
2.1 Overview
2.2 Cleaning
2.3 Periodic Safety and Functional Checks
2.4 Battery
2.1 Overview
The N-20/N-20P requires no routine maintenance, routine service, or calibration. If service is

necessary, contact qualified service personnel or Nellcor’s representative. Use only Nellcor-approved
test equipment when running a performance test on the N-20/N-20P. The user's institution and/or
local or national agencies may require testing.
2.2 Cleaning
Dampen a cloth with a commercial, nonabrasive cleaner, and lightly wipe the surfaces of the
N-20/N-20P. Do not spray or pour liquid on the instrument or accessories. Do not allow liquid to
contact connectors, switches, or openings in the chassis.
2.3 Periodic Safety and Functional Checks
The following checks should be performed at least every 2 years by a qualified service technician.
Inspect the exterior of the N-20/N-20P for damage.
Inspect safety labels for legibility. If the labels are not legible, contact Nellcor Technical Services
Department or your local Nellcor representative.
2.4 Battery
When the N-20/N-20P is going to be stored for 3 months or more, remove the battery prior to storage.
To replace or remove the battery, refer to Section 5, Disassembly Guide.
2-1
3 PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Required Materials
3.3 Performance Tests
Caution: Adhere to all testing instructions; failure to do so may damage the N-20/N-20P.
3.1 Introduction
This section describes performance verification for the N-20 and N-20P pulse oximeters (hereafter
called the “monitor”), following repairs. The N-20/N-20P are powered by alkaline batteries. The
N-20/N-20P design includes built-in electrical insulation; no ground resistance or electromagnetic
leakage testing is required.
The tests can be performed without removing the monitor cover. If the monitor fails to perform as
specified in any test, repairs must correct the discrepancy before the monitor is returned to the user.
3.2 Required Materials
Durasensor Nellcor DS-100A

Tester, Pulse Oximeter Nellcor SRC-2
3.3 Performance Tests
The N-20/N-20P will operate in conjunction with the Nellcor® pulse oximetry tester, model SRC-2,
to test instrument performance. The SRC-2 plugs into the DB-9 sensor connector and uses the
instrument's power supply and diagnostic software to test the display and the operation of the
instrument. Refer to the operator's manuals for the SRC-2 for details on performance testing with the
SRC-2.
Other tests, which are outlined below, include the display backlight test, the low battery indicator test,
the power-up self-test, and the thermal printer test (printer test applies only to N-20P).
3.3.1 Backlight Test
The electroluminescent backlight illuminates the display in three sections: (1) the main section, i.e.,
the Oxygen Saturation and Pulse Rate display fields, and the 14-segment pulse rate amplitude
indicator; (2) the Low Battery indicator, and (3) Pulse Search indicators each have their own
backlight. All backlights flash once during Power-On Self-Test.
The ambient light detector is located underneath a small circular window in the top right corner of the
N-20/N-20P display. Under low light conditions, the main section backlight is switched on. If a Low
Battery and Pulse Search indicator are lit, the monitor’s backlight is also lit.
To test for proper operation of the display backlight, observe the N-20/N-20P in a darkened room. If
any backlight section is not working correctly, contact Nellcor's Technical Services Department or
Nellcor's local representative for assistance.
3.3.2 Battery Performance
This test is provided to verify that the monitor will operate for the period specified.
The monitor is specified to operate on battery power as follows:
3-1
Performance Verification
N-20 (no printer) 37 hours with Alkaline batteries.

N-20/P (with printer) 32 hours with Alkaline batteries.
This test requires a new set of batteries. The new batteries must be installed after the test.
Connect the Nellcor SRC-2 pulse oximeter tester to the monitor.
Set the switches on the SRC-2 as follows:
Switch Setting
RATE 38
LIGHT LOW
MODULATION LOW
RCAL/MODE RCAL 63/LOCAL
Momentarily press the MEASURE button, and verify the following power-up sequence:
All indicators—OXYGEN SATURATION, PULSE RATE, PULSE SEARCH, LOW BATTERY, and
the PULSE BARS—light for a few seconds. Verify the OXYGEN SATURATION, and PULSE
RATE displays indicate "888.”
The OXYGEN SATURATION display momentarily indicates the monitor 3-digit software version.
The other displays are not lit.
Software versions may vary depending on the type of monitor and the date of manufacture.
The N-20P will display printer status immediately after displaying the software version. The
OXYGEN SATURATION display will indicate “Pr”and the PULSE RATE display will indicate
either “On” or “OFF.”
The OXYGEN SATURATION display momentarily indicates the letters ”tSt” and the monitor sounds
a single tone. The other displays are not lit. “tSt” verifies that the monitor recognizes that a tester is
connected.
The OXYGEN SATURATION and PULSE RATE displays indicate “0,” the PULSE SEARCH
indicator is flashing, and the PULSE BAR will start to register the simulated pulse.
After a few beats a pulse tone will be heard, and the PULSE SEARCH indicator will turn off. The
OXYGEN SATURATION display indicates between 79 and 83, and the PULSE RATE display
indicates between 37 and 39.
The monitor must operate for at least 37 hours if the printer is not turned on.
Verify that the LOW BATTERY indicator lights steadily sometime after 30 hours of operation.
Verify that the monitor turns off approximately 1 hour after the LOW BATTERY indicator starts
flashing.
Allow the monitor to continue operation until power-down due to low battery.
3.3.3 Power-Up Performance
Monitors with the same software must demonstrate identical startup routines. The power-up tests
verify the self-test function.
When an N-20/N-20P is switched on, a sequence of diagnostic tests is run that examines the
instrument electronics and display functions. This power-on self-test consists of the following events:
Immediately after power is switched on, the instrument simultaneously:
• Displays the number "8" in all six Oxygen Saturation and Pulse Rate display field segments;
• Illuminates all 14 pulse rate amplitude indicator segments;
• Illuminates the Pulse Search and Low Battery indicators; and
• Illuminates the display backlight.
3-2
During the next few seconds, the instrument:

• Switches off the display backlight;
• Displays three digits in the Oxygen Saturation display field representing the software version (for
example, 123 is software version 1.2.3).
• Only the N-20P displays the printer status in the display fields; that is, either "Pr On" or "Pr
OFF."
If a sensor is attached to the instrument, a zero ("0") appears in first position of the display fields. The
Pulse Search indicator flashes; if no sensor is attached to the instrument, horizontal dashes appear in
all six Oxygen Saturation and Pulse Rate display fields, and the Pulse Search indicator flashes.
After approximately 1 minute, a short beep occurs and the instrument automatically switches off.
If at any time during the test sequence "Err" followed by a code number is displayed, make a note of
the error code and refer to Section 4.7, Error Codes, for a description.
3.3.3.1 How To Run the Self-Test

Place a new set of batteries in the monitor.
Do not connect a sensor or SRC-2 to the monitor.
Momentarily press the MEASURE button, verify the following power-up sequence:
All indicators—OXYGEN SATURATION, PULSE RATE, PULSE SEARCH, LOW BATTERY, and
the PULSE BARS—light for a few seconds. Verify that the OXYGEN SATURATION and PULSE
RATE displays indicate "888."
The OXYGEN SATURATION display momentarily indicates the monitor 3-digit software version.
The other displays are not lit.
Software versions may vary depending on the type of monitor and the date of manufacture.
The N-20P will display printer status immediately after it displays software version. The OXYGEN
SATURATION display will indicate “Pr” and the PULSE RATE display will indicate either “On”or
“OFF.”
OXYGEN SATURATION and PULSE RATE display dashes (– – –) in each window, the monitor
sounds a single tone, and the PULSE SEARCH indicator is flashing. The other displays are not lit.
Verify that the monitor automatically turns off after 60 seconds.
If the Measure button was held down for more than 3 seconds (extended mode), the monitor will not
turn off after 60 seconds but will operate for approximately 3 minutes before automatically turning
off.
3.3.4 Printer Test
The following procedure applies to the N-20P only.

The SRC-2 must be used to test the operation of the N-20P printer and the printer's user-control
buttons. When an SRC-2 is plugged into the DB-9 connector, the N-20P does not respond to button
presses during Power-On Self-Test; however, it does acknowledge any button press after the self-test
with an immediate beep and the following display codes:
Button Press Display
Measure 9O
battery check bAt
ON On
3-3
ADV Ad
D/D dd
combinations Err
1. Press the Measure button: "9O" appears in the Oxygen Saturation display.
2. Press the Battery-Check button: "bAt" appears in the Oxygen Saturation display.
3. Press the printer ON button: "On" appears in the Oxygen Saturation display. A
printer test pattern prints out; the following is an approximate example of the test
pattern:
Examine the test pattern to verify that all dots print with a uniform darkness. Overall printout
darkness can be adjusted; to adjust printer darkness, see paragraph 4.6.7. If printout darkness is
either irregular or dots are missing, contact Nellcor's Technical Services Department or Nellcor's local
representative for assistance.
1. Press the printer ADV button. “Ad” appears in the Oxygen Saturation display. Paper advances
one line for each button press.
2. Press the printer D/D button: "dd" appears in the Oxygen Saturation display.
3. End SRC-2 printer test.
3.3.5 Hardware and Software Tests
Hardware and software tests include the following:

Operation with a Pulse Oximeter Tester
Normal Operation
3.3.5.1 Pulse Oximeter Tester

1. Connect the Nellcor SRC-2 pulse oximeter tester to the monitor.
2. Set the switches on the SRC-2 as follows:
Switch Setting
RATE 38
LIGHT LOW
MODULATION LOW
RCAL/MODE RCAL 63/LOCAL
3. Momentarily press the MEASURE button, and verify the following power-up sequence:
3-4
4. All indicators—OXYGEN SATURATION, PULSE RATE, PULSE SEARCH, LOW BATTERY,

and the PULSE BARS—light for a few seconds. Verify that the OXYGEN SATURATION and
PULSE RATE displays indicate "888.”
5. The OXYGEN SATURATION display momentarily indicates the monitor 3 digit software
version. The other displays are not lit.
6. Software versions may vary depending on the type of monitor and the date of manufacture.
The N-20P will display printer status immediately after software version display. The OXYGEN
SATURATION display will indicate “Pr,” and the PULSE RATE display will indicate either “On” or
“OFF.”
The OXYGEN SATURATION display momentarily indicates the letters ”tSt” and the monitor sounds
a single tone. The other displays are not lit. “tSt” verifies that the monitor recognizes that a tester is
connected.
The OXYGEN SATURATION and PULSE RATE displays indicate “0,” the PULSE SEARCH
indicator is flashing, and the PULSE BAR will start to register the simulated pulse.
After a few beats a pulse tone will be heard, and the PULSE SEARCH indicator will turn off. The
OXYGEN SATURATION display indicates between 79 and 83 and the PULSE RATE display
indicates between 37 and 39.
3.3.6.2 Normal Operation

These tests are an overall qualitative check of the system and require connecting a live subject to the
monitor:
Connect a DS-100A Sensor to monitor.

Place the DS-100A Sensor on the subject as recommended in the monitor Operator's Manual.
Press the Measure button for at least 5 seconds to turn on the monitor.
The monitor should stabilize on the subject's physiological signal in about 10 to 15 seconds. Verify
that the saturation value and pulse rate are acceptable.
3-5
TEST RESULTS
Model: N-20 Serial:_____________________________
Date:___________Customer Name:________________________________
Description Pass Fail
Performance Tests _____ ____

Backlight Test _____ ____
Battery Performance _____ ____
Testing the Low Battery Indicator _____ ____
Power-Up Performance _____ ____
How to Run the Self-Test _____ ____
Printer Test _____ ____
Pulse Oximeter Test _____ ____
Normal Operation _____ ____
I certify that the monitor listed in this form has successfully passed all of these tests.
Technician:_________________________________________________Date:____________
I certify that the above signed technician has performed the tests listed on this form and the monitor performs
satisfactorily.
Support Center Manager:___________________________________________________Date:____________
3-6
4 TROUBLESHOOTING
4.1 How to Use This Section
4.2 Who Should Perform Repairs
4.3 Replacement Level Supported
4.4 Obtaining Replacement Parts
4.5 Troubleshooting Guide
4.6 Service Procedures
4.7 Error Codes
WARNING: Disassembly of the instrument exposes hazardous voltages. To avoid

injury or instrument damage, disassembly or maintenance must be attempted only by
qualified service personnel.
4.1 How to Use this Section
This section explains how to identify and correct monitor difficulties and provides procedures for
common service-related activities, such as battery replacement, clearing paper jams, and adjusting
printer darkness.
Use this section in conjunction with Section 3, Performance Verification, and Section 6, Spare Parts.
To remove and replace a part you suspect is defective, follow the instructions in Section 5,
Disassembly Guide. The functional circuit analysis, located in the Technical Supplement at the end of
this manual, offers information on how the device functions, as well as part locator diagrams and
detailed schematic diagrams.
4.2 Who Should Perform Repairs
Only qualified service personnel should open the device housing, remove and replace components, or
make adjustments. If your medical facility does not have qualified service personnel, contact Nellcor
Technical Services.
4.3 Replacement Level Supported
The replacement level supported for this product is to the printed circuit board (PCB) and major
subassembly level. Once you isolate a suspected PCB, replace the PCB with a known good PCB.
Check to see that the trouble symptom disappears and the device passes all performance tests. If the
trouble symptom persists, swap the replacement PCB and the suspected malfunctioning PCB (the
original PCB that was installed when you started troubleshooting) and continue troubleshooting as
directed.
4.4 Obtaining Replacement Parts
Nellcor Technical Services provides technical assistance information and replacement parts. To obtain
replacement parts, contact Nellcor. Refer to parts by the part names and part numbers listed in Section
6, Spare Parts.
4-1
Troubleshooting
4.5 Troubleshooting Guide
This section discusses potential symptoms, possible causes, and actions for their resolution. Should
this troubleshooting guide fail to address the symptoms evident in a particular N-20/N-20P, please
contact Nellcor's Technical Services Department or a local Nellcor representative for assistance.
If the N-20/N-20P does not perform as expected:
• Check for proper sensor placement.
• Depending on concentration, indocyanine green, methylene blue, and other intravascular dyes
may affect the accuracy of a measurement.
• These instruments are calibrated to read oxygen saturation of functional arterial hemoglobin
(saturation of hemoglobin functionally capable of transporting oxygen in the arteries), and
significant levels of dysfunctional hemoglobins such as carboxyhemoglobin or methemoglobin
may affect the accuracy of a measurement.
If the electronics and/or display functions require testing, refer to Section 3, Performance
Verification.
Symptom 1: No response to Measure button.
Cause Action
Battery access door may not be properly latched. Check access door and ensure it is properly
latched.
Batteries may be discharged. Exchange them for a new set.
Batteries may be incorrectly installed. Ensure that batteries are oriented according
to the polarity indicator.
Batteries may not be making proper electrical contact. Inspect contacts for deformity; clean contacts
to remove oxidization.
Fuse F1 on the auxiliary PCB may be open. See paragraph 4.6.5, Fuse Replacement.
Dust may have accumulated under Measure button causing Clean contact points under Measure button
loss of electrical contact. (see Section 5.3, N-20 Disassembly Guide).
4-2
Troubleshooting
Symptom 2: Pulse Search indicator appears for more than 5-10

seconds.
Cause Action
Sensor may be improperly positioned. Ensure the sensor is correctly applied (see
sensor directions for use).
Incorrect sensor may be in use. See sensor directions for use to ensure that
the patient's weight and sensor application is
correct. Test the sensor on another person to
verify proper operation.
Perfusion may be too low. Check patient status. Test the instrument on
someone else, or try another type of sensor.
The N-20/N-20P will not make a
measurement if perfusion is inadequate.
Foreign material on the sensor LEDs or photodetector may be Clean the test area and ensure that nothing
affecting performance. blocks the sensor site.
Patient motion may be interfering with the instrument's ability If possible, ask the patient to remain still.
to find a pulse pattern. Verify that the sensor is securely applied and
Environmental motion may be interfering with the replace it if necessary, move it to a new site,
instrument's ability to track a pulse or use a sensor that tolerates patient
movement, such as an appropriate adhesive
The sensor may be too tight, there may be excessive sensor.
illumination (e.g., a surgical or bilirubin lamp or direct
sunlight), or the sensor may be placed on an extremity with a
blood pressure cuff, arterial catheter, or intravascular line.
The DB-9 sensor connector on the N-20/N-20P may be Replace the DB-9 connector (Section 4.6.6).
broken.
Symptom 3: Pulse Search indicator appears after successful

measurements have been made.
Cause Action
Patient perfusion may be too low. Check patient status. Test the instrument on
someone else, or try another type of sensor.
The N-20/N-20P will not make a
measurement if perfusion is inadequate.
Patient motion may be interfering with the instrument's ability If possible, ask the patient to remain still.
to find a pulse pattern. Verify that the sensor is securely applied and
Environmental motion may be interfering with the replace it if necessary, move it to a new site,
instrument's ability to track a pulse. or use a sensor that tolerates patient
movement, such as an appropriate adhesive
The sensor may be too tight, there may be excessive sensor.
illumination (e.g., a surgical or bilirubin lamp or direct
sunlight), or the sensor may be placed on an extremity with a
blood pressure cuff, arterial catheter, or intravascular line.
Symptom 4: Dashes (– – –) appear in the display.
Cause Action
The sensor is not connected to the instrument. Check all sensor connections; try substituting
another sensor. Check all extension cables. If
an extension cable is in use, remove it and
plug the sensor directly into the instrument.
Symptom 5: Pr Err is displayed during the Power-On Self-Test (N-20P only).
4-3
Troubleshooting
Cause Action
The printer is not operational, but the N-20P continues to Check to see if the paper is jammed.
obtain patient measurements. Examine the print head and ensure that it has
returned to the home position.
Symptom 6: Err followed by a number appears on the display.
Cause Action
See Section 4.7 for error codes. Record the number that is displayed.
Symptom 7: Time or date is incorrect (N-20P only).
Cause Action
The real-time clock (RTC) battery may be exhausted. Replace the RTC battery (see Section 4.6.4).
Reset the time and date (see Section 4.6.3).
Symptom 8: Printer fails to operate (N-20P only).
Cause Action
Fuse F2 on the auxiliary PCB may be open. See paragraph 4.6.5 for information about
fuses.
Symptom 9: Printer paper advances but instrument does not print (N-20P
only).
Cause Action
The thermal paper may be improperly loaded; characters can Ensure that the thermal paper is properly
be printed on only one side of the thermal paper roll. loaded; if needed, remove the roll of printer
paper and reload the printer paper.
Symptom 10: Paper mechanism jams (N-20P only).
Cause Action
Note: If a printer paper jam is detected during Power-On Self-Test, Pr Err may appear on the display.
Switch off the N-20P. Then check to see if
the print head is at the home position; if so,
attempt to pull the paper out by pulling
gently—do not force it.
If the print head is not at the home position,
and the paper cannot be easily pulled out
from the printer, then the printer may need to
be disassembled to remove the paper jam
(see Sections 5.3, N-20 Disassembly
Procedure, and 4.6.2, Loading/Clearing
Printer Paper).
4.6 Service Procedures
The following service procedures are most likely to be encountered by the service technician. The
PCB designation for a component appears in parentheses, for example, (BT1) or (U15).
4-4
Troubleshooting
4.6.1 Installing Batteries

1. Remove the battery cover access door by pressing the battery compartment access door latch.
2. Install four alkaline "C" cell batteries. Be sure to observe the polarity indicator
sticker.
3. Replace the battery cover access door.
4.6.2 Loading/Clearing Printer Paper
The N-20P uses a thermal paper that can show printed characters on one side only. Make sure that the
paper roll is correctly installed; always refer to the graphical instruction label found on the paper roll.
1. Press down and outward on the top of the paper compartment door to remove it.
2. Feed the paper into the paper compartment slot; refer to the graphic label for orientation.
3. Press and hold the ADV button until the end of the paper appears at the paper exit slot.
4. Replace the paper compartment door.
If the paper jams either during the loading process or during printing, proceed as follows:
1. Remove both the paper door and the printer-head access cover.
2. Firmly grab and pull the paper roll backward—out and away from the print head—observe
the access to the print head to determine whether or not the paper escaped from the jammed
position.
3. If paper remains jammed between the print head and printer, press the ADV button; the
jammed paper may work its way out. If the paper remains jammed, and the printer drive does
not advance the paper, manually advance the drive gear on the side of the printer to free the
paper.
4. If these attempts fail to free the jammed paper, remove the printer from the unit to gain full
access (see paragraph 5.3, N-20 Disassembly Procedure).
4.6.3 Setting Date and Time
The following procedure applies to the N-20P only.

The following code letters and numbers appear in both Oxygen Saturation and Pulse Rate display
fields. The symbol "xx" represents information in the Oxygen Saturation display field and "yy"
represents information in the Pulse Rate display field.
Begin this procedure by first removing any sensor from the instrument.
1. Turn on the monitor without the sensor connected. Switch on the N-20P and allow the
unit to run the Power-On Self-Test.
2. When dashes appear in the Oxygen Saturation and Pulse Rate displays, press the D/D
(day/date) button once. At this point, the Oxygen Saturation display field shows "txx", with
"t" representing time; "xx" representing hours, and "yy" representing minutes. Note that "xx"
(hours) is flashing.
3. Press the ADV (advance) button repeatedly until the correct hour is displayed.
4. Press the D/D button once. Note that "yy" (minutes) is now flashing.
5. Press the ADV button repeatedly until the correct minute is displayed.
6. At this point, the Oxygen Saturation display field shows "dxx", with "d" representing date;
"xx" representing the month, and "yy" representing the date. Note that "xx" (month) is
flashing.
7. Press the ADV button repeatedly until the correct month is displayed.
8. Press the D/D button once. Note that "yy" (date) is flashing.
9. Press the ADV button repeatedly until the correct date is displayed.
10. Press the D/D button. At this point, the Oxygen Saturation display field shows "Yxx", with
"Y" representing "year.” Note that "xx" (year number) is flashing.
11. Press the ADV button repeatedly until the correct year number is displayed.
12. Press the D/D button once. The N-20P turns itself off within 5 seconds.
4-5
Troubleshooting
13. Date and time are now correct. Check by switching on the N-20P with the printer enabled.
After the N-20P executes its Power-On Self-Test, the printer prints the spot check mode
header with the correct date and time.
4.6.4 Replacing the Real-Time Clock (RTC) Battery
The socket for the RTC battery (BT1) is located on the auxiliary PCB at grid location 5D. Typical
life of the clock battery is 5 years.
1. Disassemble the N-20 (see Section 5.3, N-20, Disassembly Procedure).
2. Using a thin flathead screwdriver, gently pry the RTC battery from its socket.
3. Insert a new battery into the socket, observing the polarity indication (socket's clip and
battery's flat side are positive).
4. Reassemble the unit.
5. Reset the clock (see paragraph 4.6.3, Setting Date and Time).
4.6.5 Replacing Fuses
Two fuses (F1 and F2) are located on the auxiliary PCB. Fuse F1 may open to protect the CPU and its
associated components from damage if the power supply malfunctions. Fuse F2 may open to protect
the printer from damage due to excessive voltage if the printer head jams or has been physically
damaged. Refer to the auxiliary PCB schematic for the locations of F1 and F2.
4.6.6 Replacing the DB-9 Connector

1. Disassemble the N-20 (see Section 5.2); the connector is on the main PCB at grid location 3A.
2. Using a low-power soldering iron, unsolder the connector from the PCB and remove it. Save all
Teflon tubing, ferrite blocks, and insulating materials for the replacement connector.
3. Install ferrite blocks between plastic lead spacer on the connector and the PCB.
4. Insulate connector pin numbers 2, 3, and 5 with Teflon tubing, and insert inside ferrite block.
5. Add insulating material between each end of ferrite block and PCB, and secure with Loctite glue.
6. Solder new connector to PCB and visually check PCB for stray drops of solder before
reassembling.
7. Switch on the N-20/N-20P and test the connector with a patient sensor.
4.6.7 Adjusting Printer Darkness
Caution: Adjust the printer darkness setting until the lightest legible print is visible.
Setting the print darker than this could reduce the life of the printer-head. Although the N-20P is
designed to automatically compensate for conditions that might influence the quality of the printout,
the user may want to adjust the print darkness. The normal darkness setting is set at the factory; this
setting maximizes both readability and life of the printer-head.
1. Switch on the N-20P in spot check mode. (Depressing the instrument Measure button once starts
Spot-check mode.)
2. Simultaneously press and hold the ADV and ON buttons for 2 seconds. If these buttons are not
pressed at the same time, two audible beeps will sound and the N-20P either advances the paper
or switches off, depending on which button press is first sensed. If the buttons are pressed at the
same time, a single audible beep will sound, Pr SEt is displayed, and the printer prints one of the
following 6 lines:
PRINTING LIGHTER (10% lighter than normal darkness)

PRINTING LIGHT (5% lighter than normal)
PRINTING NORMAL (normal darkness)
PRINTING DARK (5% darker than normal)
PRINTING DARKER (10% darker than normal)
PRINTING DARKEST (15% darker than normal)
4-6
Troubleshooting
Note: The parenthetic line description is not printed, and button presses are
ignored whenever the printer is printing.
1. Press the ADV button to change the darkness setting. The printer prints a line with each button
press, and the setting increments from lighter to darkest and then wraps back to lighter.
2. Allow the N-20P to switch off (about 30 seconds). The last print darkness setting is remembered
when the N-20P is switched back on. Test this by repeating the procedure and skipping step 3.
4.7 Error Codes
If a failure is detected during the Power-On Self-Test or during any performance test, the error
message (Err) appears in the Oxygen Saturation display and a 3-digit error code number appears in
the Pulse Rate display.
If an error message appears, find its category (the first digit of the error code represents the category)
and record the error code number. Match the number to the description in the following table, and
contact Nellcor's Technical Services Department or Nellcor's local representative for assistance.
Internal tests are performed in the order of the table listing. The first error condition encountered is
the one displayed.
4.7.1 Category 1 — Microprocessor Errors
Table 4-1: Microprocessor Error Codes

Errors in the CPU (main PCB). Likely action is replacement of the CPU.
101 Error in internal RAM registers test
102 Error in zero register test
103 Error in register contents clearing test
104 Error in register contents increment test
105 Error in register contents decrement test
106–109 Errors in logical operations test
110 Error in exchange test
111 Error in timer tests
112 Error in window select register test
113, 114 Errors in stack manipulation test
115–117 Errors in CPU flags test
118 Error in interrupt pending register test
119 Error in program counter test
120 Error in CPU serial port test
121 Error in pulse width modulation register test
122 Error in A/D register test
123 Error in addressing modes test
124 Error in high speed input register test
125 Error in content addressable memory test
126–129 Errors in arithmetic operations test
4.7.2 Category 2 — RAM Memory Errors
Errors in RAM memory (main PCB). Likely action is replacement of the main PCB.
201–203 Errors in external RAM test
4-7
Troubleshooting
4.7.3 Category 3 — PROM Errors
Errors in PROM memory (main PCB). Likely action is replacement of the PROM.
301 Error in PROM test
4.7.4 Category 4 — I/O Port Errors
Errors in the CPU's internal I/O port (main PCB). Likely action is replacement of either the CPU or
the main PCB.
401–409 Errors in I/O port test
4.7.5 Category 5 — Reserved
4.7.6 Category 6 — Clock Errors
Failure of the real-time clock (auxiliary PCB), or timing differences between the CPU’s clock and the
real-time clock. Likely action is replacement of the main or auxiliary PCB.
601 Failure of real-time clock
602, 603 Errors in real-time clock
4.7.7 Category 7 — Watchdog-Timer Errors
Error in the watchdog-timer circuit of the CPU (main PCB). Likely action is replacement of the CPU.
701, 702 Errors in watchdog-timer
4.7.8 Category 8 — Printer Errors
Error in the printer (see Section 5.1, Troubleshooting).

If a printer error condition occurs, no error code number will display, rather the display reads Pr Err.
4-8
5 DISASSEMBLY GUIDE
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Required Equipment/Tools
5.3 N-20 Disassembly Procedure
5.4 N-20P Disassembly Procedure
WARNING: Only qualified service personnel must perform repair and testing. Improper
repair and/or adjustment may compromise patient safety or the accuracy of the instrument.
5.1 Introduction
The N-20/N-20P can be disassembled down to all major component parts, including:
• PCBs
• battery
• cables
• chassis enclosures
WARNING: Before attempting to open or disassemble the N-20/N-20P, disconnect the

power cord.
Caution: Observe ESD (electrostatic discharge) precautions when working within the unit.
Note: Some spare parts have a business reply card attached. When you receive these
spare parts, please fill out and return the card.
5.2 Required Equipment/Tools

• Screwdriver, Phillips-head, small
• Screwdriver, Phillips-head, medium
• Pliers, long nose
• Screwdriver, small flathead
• Soldering iron, low-power
• Screwdriver, small blade
• Needle-nose pliers
5.2.1 N-20 Disassembly Procedure
Whenever repair or disassembly is required, always wear a ground strap connected to active ground.
Before any disassembly or service procedure, switch instrument power off.
5-1
Disassembly Guide
20
21
34
19
Figure 5-1: Sensor Lock, and Printer, Paper, and Battery Access Doors
1. Remove the battery door (19) and batteries.
2. Remove the sensor lock (34) by lightly pressing in on its ears and pulling out from the sensor
shroud.
3. Remove the paper door (20) and paper roll, and the printer door (21).
5-2
Disassembly Guide
5.2.2 Removing the Covers
16
18
27
26
15
31
30
Figure 5-2: N-20 Covers with the PCB and Display Assembly
1. Remove screw cap (30), and loosen the captive screw (31), which secures the rear cover (15).
2. Separate the front cover (16) from the rear cover by wedging a thin flathead screw driver between
the covers at the base of the instrument and slowly prying them apart.
Note: The covers are hinged at the top end in a different way; do not attempt to
separate the covers using this technique at the top of the instrument. Once the covers
are separated at the bottom end, lift away the bottom end of the front cover first,
allowing the tabs at the top end to act as a hinge.
5-3
Disassembly Guide
5.2.3 Removing the PCBs and Display Assembly
Tab #1 Tab #3 18
Detail B
Flex #1
6
Tab #4
Tab #2
Flex #2
Flex #3
Detail A
27
11
12
13
26
Figure 5-3: Main, Auxiliary, and Display PCB Assembly

1. Remove the Measure button (6) from the main PCB.
2. Remove the entire PCB/Taliq display assembly from the rear cover by tilting opposite the
Battery-Check button (5).
3. Raise the locking tabs on the connectors (11, 12, and 13) to release the cable, on the auxiliary
PCB (26), and remove the three flex display circuits.
4. Separate the auxiliary PCB from the main PCB (27) by pulling the PCB headers apart at the base.
5. Remove the display assembly (18) from the main PCB by unsoldering the four tabs that are
physically bent around the main PCB. These tabs are bent to ensure contact with the ground
plane of the main PCB.
6. Using a long-nose plier, remove the display assembly by untwisting the four tabs (see Detail A
and B).
5.2.4 N-20P Disassembly Procedure
1. Remove the paper door (20) and any printer paper by firmly grasping the paper roll, and pulling
the roll outward from the printer.
2. See paragraphs 5.2.1 and 5.2.2, N-20 Disassembly Procedure, for removal of covers, PCBs, and
the display assembly.
5-4
Disassembly Guide
5.2.5 Disassembling the Printer/Flex Circuit Assembly
29
32
37
28
24
Figure 5-4: Printer and Flex Circuit Installation

1. Remove the printer button retaining plate (37) by sliding it away from the case assembly.
2. Disconnect the two flex-circuit headers of the printer (29) from the connectors on the printer flex
circuit (28) by slowly pulling outward from side to side at alternating ends of the connectors.
3. Remove the printer button strip (7) from the printer flex-circuit.
4. Remove the printer flex-circuit insulator (24).
5. Remove printer hold-down bracket (4) from the back cover by removing the Phillips screw (32).
6. Press the printer hold-down bracket into the back cover and remove the printer.
5-5
6 SPARE PARTS
6.1 N-20/N-20P Spare Parts
6.1 N-20/N-20P Spare Parts
To order replacement parts, contact Nellcor's Technical Services Department and order by part
number. Item numbers correspond to the callout numbers in the figures.
Item Designator Description P/N
1 SW1 Battery switch (auxiliary PCB) 630106
2 BT1 Battery holder (auxiliary PCB) 901582
3 BT1 Battery, lithium (auxiliary PCB) 640112
4 Bracket, printer, hold-down 023133
5 Button, battery-check 023301
6 S2 Button, measure 022948
Button, measure (European version) 026386
7 Buttons, printer, strip 022947
Buttons, printer, strip (European version) 026387
9 Connector shield, DB-9 023467
10 P1 Connector, DB-9 463103
11 JP17, JP18 Connector, pin header 10x2, low profile (auxiliary PCB) 491244
12 JP5 Connector, ZIF, flex, 7-pin (auxiliary PCB) 491242
13 JP9 Connector, ZIF, flex, 22-pin (auxiliary PCB) 491250
14 JP2,3 Connector, ZIF, flex, 32-pin (auxiliary PCB) 491243
15 Cover, rear (non-printer model) 022929
Cover, rear (printer model) 026339
16 Cover, front, with gasket assembly 022921
17 D8 Diode, photo, 8440 (main PCB) 591017
18 Display, Taliq, analog shield assembly 024466
Display, Taliq, analog shield assembly (European version) 026765
19 Door, battery 022924
20 Door, paper. 022938
21 Door, printer 026338
22 F2 Fuse, micro, 1 amp (auxiliary PCB) 691236
23 F1 Fuse, micro, 1.5 amp (auxiliary PCB) 691239
24 Insulator, printer 026139
25 Nut, keps,SS, 4-40 851101
26 PCB, auxiliary 024472
27 PCB, main 024468
28 Printer flex circuit 024464
29 Printer 024462
30 Screw cap 023451
6-1
Spare Parts
Item Designator Description P/N

31 Screw, captive 891324
32 Screw, Phillips, 4-40 ×1/4 801025
33 Screw, plastite 871031
34 Sensor lock 022943
35 Sensor shroud 022944
36 Spacer 023452
37 Stiffener, printer button 023131
38 Tape, foam (.88" ×.38") 023300
39 BZ1 Transducer, audio, piezo ceramic 691230
6-2
7 PACKING FOR SHIPMENT
7.1 General Instructions
7.2 Repacking in Original Carton
7.3 Repacking in a Different Carton
Should you need to ship the N-20/N-20P monitor for any reason, follow the instructions in this
section.
7.1 General Instructions
Pack the monitor or printer carefully. Failure to follow the instructions in this section may result in
loss or damage not covered by the Nellcor warranty. If the original shipping carton is not available,
use another suitable carton or call Nellcor Technical Services to obtain a shipping carton.
Prior to shipping the device, contact Nellcor Technical Services for a returned goods authorization
(RGA) number. Mark the shipping carton and any shipping forms with the RGA number.
7.2 Repacking in Original Carton
If available, use the original carton and packing materials. Pack the monitor or printer as follows:
Place the monitor, or printer, and, if necessary, accessory items in original packaging.
Place in shipping carton and seal carton with packing tape.
Label carton with shipping address, return address, and RGA number.
7.3 Repacking in a Different Carton

If the original carton is not available:
1. Place the monitor or printer in plastic bag.
2. Locate a corrugated cardboard shipping carton with at least 200 pounds per square inch (psi)
bursting strength.
3. Fill the bottom of the carton with at least 2 inches of packing material.
4. Place the bagged unit on the layer of packing material and fill the box completely with packing
material.
5. Seal the carton with packing tape.
6. Label carton with shipping address, return address, and RGA number.
7-1
8 SPECIFICATIONS
8.1 Readout
8.2 Controls
8.3 Operating Modes
8.4 Printer Output
8.5 N-20/N-20P Performance
8.6 Sensor Types
8.7 Electrical Specifications
8.8 Environmental Specifications
8.9 Physical Specifications
8.10 Quality Information
8.1 Readout
Display shows SpO2 (saturation of arterial hemoglobin oxygen), pulse rate, and pulse amplitude; also
included are a Pulse Search and Low Battery indicator, and an electroluminescent backlight.
8.2 Controls
8.2.1 N-20
The Measure button switches the instrument on and off, and initiates the measurement cycle.
The Battery-Check button is used to check battery condition and switches beeper on and off.
8.2.2 N-20P
The Measure button switches the instrument on, initiates the measurement cycle, and switches
instrument off.
The Battery-Check button is used to check battery condition and switches beeper on and off.
ON button switches the printer on and off.
D/D sets display date and time.
ADV advances paper and increments time and date.
8.3 Operating Modes
8.3.1 Spot Check Mode
Pressing the instrument Measure button once for less than 2 seconds starts the spot check mode. Spot
check mode computes SpO2 averaged over five valid pulses and displays SpO2 and pulse rate at the
end of the measurement interval. If the printer is activated, the printout shows the displayed SpO2 and
pulse rate.
8.3.2 Extended Mode
Extended mode is started by holding down the instrument Measure button for approximately 3
seconds, plus any time required to complete the power-on self-test. The N-20/N-20P displays updated
SpO2 and pulse rate with every pulse (after five valid pulses have been detected). The N-20/N-20P
remains active until 3 minutes after the sensor is removed, or until the instrument is turned off.
8-1
Specifications
For the N-20, a 2% or greater decrease in SpO2 is indicated by two brief, low-pitched tones.
The N-20P printout shows SpO2 and pulse rate at 30-second intervals. For the N-20P, a 2% or greater
decrease in SpO2 is indicated by two brief, low-pitched tones and an asterisk (*) on the printout. At
the end of the measurement period, a header and statistical summary values (minimum, maximum,
and mean of both pulse rate and oxygen saturation) are printed.
8.4 Printer Output
When activated by the printer ON button, the N-20P output shows date, time, SpO2, and pulse rate (in
spot check mode), with space provided for writing in patient identification. The thermal paper
printout measures roughly 40 mm (1.6 in.) by 100 mm (4.0 in.) in size.
If the N-20P is in spot check mode and the printer is turned on any time during a measurement or after
a measurement is taken and before the N-20P powers down, the printer will catch up and print a
complete record of the measurements recorded up to the current moment.
8.5 N-20/N-20P Performance
8.5.1 Range
Saturation: 0–100%
Pulse Rate: 20–250 beats per minute (bpm) ± 1 standard deviation
8.5.2 SpO2 Accuracy 1
Adults: 70–100% ± 2 digits 2

Neonates: 70–100% ± 3 digits 2
Pulse Rate: 20 –250 bpm ± 3 digits 2
8.5.3 Response
In spot check mode, the measurement cycle (from button press to display of data) is five valid pulses.
In extended mode, the instrument measures for a period of up to 30 minutes and continuously displays
updated SpO2 and pulse rate.
1
Accuracies are expressed as plus or minus “X” digits (saturation percentage points) between saturations of
70-100%. This variation equals plus or minus one standard deviation (1SD), which encompasses 68% of the population.
All accuracy specifications are based on testing the subject monitor on healthy adult volunteers in induced hypoxia studies
across the specified range. Adult accuracy is determined with Oxisensor II D-25 sensor. Neonatal accuracy is determined
with Oxisensor II N-25 sensor.
2
This variation equals one SD.
8-2
Specifications
8.6 Sensor Types
Table 8-1: Sensors
Sensor Model Patient Size
Oxisensor II oxygen transducers (sterile, single-use only) N-25/N-25LF <3 or >40 kg

I-20/I-20LF 3 to 20 kg
D-20 10 to 50 kg
D-25/D-25L >30 kg
R-15 >50 kg
Oxiband oxygen transducer (reusable with disposable OXI-A/N <3 or >40 kg

nonsterile adhesive) OXI-P/I 3 to 40 kg
Durasensor oxygen transducer (reusable, nonsterile) DS-100A >40 kg
Nellcor reflectance oxygen transducer (reusable, nonsterile) RS-10 >40 kg
Dura-Y multisite oxygen transducer (reusable, nonsterile) D-YS >1 kg

For use with the Dura-Y sensor:
Ear clip (Reusable, nonsterile)
D-YSE >30 kg
Pedi-Checkpediatric spot-check clip (reusable,
nonsterile)
D-YSPD 3 to 40 kg
OxiCliq oxygen transducers (sterile, single-use only) P 10 to 50 kg

N <3 or >40 kg
I 3 to 20 kg
A >30 kg
8.7 Electrical Specifications
8.7.1 Battery
Type: four 1.5-V alkaline "C" cell batteries

Battery Capacity: typically 37 hours for N-20
typically 32 hours for N-20P
8.7.2 Instrument
Power Requirements: 4–6 VDC, supplied by battery only

Leakage Current: Meets applicable IEC- 601 and AAMI/ANSI standards;
the N-20/N-20P has no power or ground connections
Patient Isolation:No electrical connection to patient (inherently insulated)
8.8 Environmental Specifications
8.8.1 Operating Temperature
Instrument: 0 to 40 °C (32 to 104 °F)
8-3
Specifications
8.8.2 Storage Temperature
-20 to 50 °C (4 to 122 °F)

Humidity: Any humidity/temperature combination without condensation
Altitude: 0 to 6200 meters (0 to 20,000 ft)
8.9 Physical Specifications
Physical specifications are based on product without the protective boot.
8.9.1 Weight (with batteries installed)
N-20: 0.6 kg (1.3 lb)

N-20P: 0.62 kg (1.4 lb)
8.9.2 Dimensions
N-20: 19.0 cm high ×7.6 cm wide ×5.08 cm deep

(7.5 in. ×3.0 in. ×2.0 in.)
N-20P: 19.0 cm high ×7.6 cm wide ×6.35 cm deep

(7.5 in. ×3.0 in. ×2.5 in.)
8.10 Qualifying Information
The Nellcor N-20/N-20P is calibrated to measure arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation of functional
hemoglobin. The specified accuracy of this measurement is based on statistical analysis of arterial
blood samples as measured on an IL282 CO-Oximeter.
Indocyanine green, methylene blue, and other intravascular dyes, depending on concentration, may
interfere with the accuracy of data obtained from the instrument. Carboxyhemoglobin or other
dyshemoglobins may also interfere with the accuracy of the data if present in significant
concentration.
8-4
9 TECHNICAL SUPPLEMENT
9.1 Overview
9.2 Functional versus Fractional Saturation
9.3 Measured versus Calculated Saturation
9.4 Circuit Analysis
9.5 Functional Overview
9.6 Definition of Terms
9.7 Overall Block Diagram
9.8 SpO2 Analog Circuit
9.9 Digital Circuitry
9.10 Circuit Illustrations
9.1 Overview
The N-20/N-20P is based on the principles of spectrophotometry and optical plethysmography.

Optical plethysmography uses light absorption technology to reproduce wave forms produced by
pulsatile blood. The changes that occur in the absorption of light due to vascular bed changes are
reproduced by the pulse oximeter as plethysmographic wave form.
Spectrophotometry uses various wavelengths of light to qualitatively measure light absorption
through given substances. Many times each second, the N-20/N-20P passes red and infrared light into
the sensor site and determines absorption. The measurements, which are taken during the arterial
pulse, reflect absorption by arterial blood, nonpulsatile blood, and tissue. The measurements that are
obtained between arterial pulses reflect absorption by nonpulsatile blood and tissue.
By correcting "during pulse" absorption for "between pulse" absorption, the N-20/N-20P determines
red and infrared absorption by pulsatile arterial blood. Because oxyhemoglobin and
deoxyhemoglobin differ in red and infrared absorption, this corrected measurement can be used to
determine the percent of oxyhemoglobin in arterial blood: SpO2 is the ratio of corrected absorption at
each wavelength.
9.2 Functional versus Fractional Saturation
The N-20/N-20P measures functional saturation, that is, oxygenated hemoglobin expressed as a
percentage of the hemoglobin that is capable of transporting oxygen. It does not detect significant
levels of dyshemoglobins. In contrast, some instruments such as the IL282 Co-oximeter measure
fractional saturation, that is, oxygenated hemoglobin expressed as a percentage of all measured
hemoglobin, including dyshemoglobins.
Consequently, before comparing N-20/N-20P measurements with those obtained by an instrument that
measures fractional saturation, measurements must be converted as follows:
fractional saturation
functional saturation = x100
100 - (% carboxyhemoglobin + % methemoglobin)
9.3 Measured versus Calculated Saturation
When saturation is calculated from a blood gas measurement of the partial pressure of arterial oxygen
(PaO2), the calculated value may differ from the N-20/N-20P SpO2 measurement. This is because the
calculated saturation may not have been corrected for the effects of variables that can shift the
relationship between PaO2 and saturation.
9-1
Technical Supplement
Figure 9-1 illustrates the effect that variations in pH, temperature, partial pressure of carbon dioxide
(PCO2), and concentrations of 2,3-DPG and fetal hemoglobin may have on the oxyhemoglobin
dissociation curve.
100 pH
Temperature
PCO2
2,3-DPG
Fetal Hb
Saturation (%)
pH
50 Temperature
PCO2
2,3-DPG
0
50 100
PO2 (mmHg)
Figure 9-1: Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve
9.4 Circuit Analysis
The following paragraphs discuss the circuits of the N-20/N-20P.
9.5 Functional Overview
This section provides a detailed explanation of N-20/N-20P operation using block diagrams and
circuit schematics.
The relationship between these components and their interconnection is illustrated in the overall block
diagram (Figure 9-2). The main component circuitry has been divided into the following subsections:
9-2
Patient Main PCB

sensor
SpO2 analog
Microprocessor
Memory
Display control
Sensors: temperature
ambient light
battery voltage
Measure
PROM button
20-pin headers
Auxiliary PCB
Power supply Display

Printer interface Flex backlight
Display control connectors
Audio beeper
Batteries
4-6 VDC Real- Check

time battery Printer
button flex circuit Printer
clock
N-20P only
Figure 9-2: Overall Block Diagram
9.6 SpO2 Analog Circuitry Block Diagram (Figure 9-3)
Analog circuitry has high signal sensitivity and reduced susceptibility to noise. Its design allows for a
wide range of input signal levels and a broad range of pulsatile modulation. The SpO2 analog circuit
(Figure 9-3) consists of four subsections:
1. Sensor output/LED control, where the CPU controls the gain of both LEDs so that signals
received at the input amplifier are in its acceptable dynamic range
2. Input signal conditioning, where sensor output current is converted to voltage
3. Signal gain, where the separated LED signals are amplified so their current levels are within the
A/D converter's acceptable range; and
4. AC ranging, where DC offset is eliminated from each LED signal.
Patient Input signal Signal gain AC Ranging

sensor conditioning
photocurrent
variable gain, offset
to voltage
filtered for substraction;
LEDs conversion
each LED additional gain
demutiplexed
channel and filtering
to 2 channels
Main PCB Main PCB Main PCB
Microprocessor
Main PCB Main PCB

LED drivers Control
(red & IR)
To digital section
Figure 9-3: SpO2 Analog Circuitry Block Diagram
9-3
9.6.1 Digital Circuitry Block Diagram (Figure 9-4)
Figure 9-4 shows the N-20/N-20P hardware and circuits, which include the CPU and system memory,
the power supply and power control circuitry, user controls, display and ambient light sensors, audio
output, thermal printer (N-20P only) and ambient temperature sensor, and the real-time clock.
Measure N-20/N-20P Control buttons

Check Battery
Power supply AUX

& control PCB Ambient Main
light sensor PCB
AUX PCB
CPU Display Display
Main PCB drivers
Memory Audio beeper AUX PCB

&
software
Printer (N-20 only)
To analog section
Real-time AUX Ambient Main Printer Control button
ON ADV D/D
clock PCB temp. sensor PCB
Figure 9-4: Digital Circuitry Block Diagram
9.6.2 Power Supply Block Diagram (Figure 9-5)
Power supply circuitry (Figure 9-5) is located on the auxiliary PCB and consists of four subsections:
1. Four "C" size batteries that provide 4-6 VDC
2. Power control circuitry that senses a press of the Measure button and switches power on
3. Power shutoff circuit that controls power to all circuits except the power control circuit
4. Power supply circuits include a regulated power supply at 5 VDC, unregulated power supplies of
-5 VDC, 10 VDC, and 12 VDC, and a high voltage power supply of 70 VDC.
Measure
button
AUX PCB Main PCB
+5 VDC
Power Microprocessor
shutoff
Disposable 4-6 VDC Power circuits Power +70 VDC
batteries control (fuse, supply Display drivers
circuits EMI protect, circuits
AUX PCB
ESD protect)
AUX PCB
Display backlight
-5 +10 +12
VDC VDC VDC
SpO2
Analog
section
(main board)
Figure 9-5: Power Supply Block Diagram
9-4
9.6.3 Display Control Block Diagram (Figure 9-6)
The N-20/N-20P display is controlled by the display control circuitry (see Figure 9-6). A sensor is
used to measure ambient light. During low light conditions, the display backlight, an
electroluminescent device, is automatically switched on.
Main PCB Main PCB AUX PCB
Control Display driver

conditioning (1)
Microprocessor circuit Display
(generates
timing Display driver
signals) (2)
Display
AUX PCB backlight
High voltage
control circuit 70 volts
(enables
+70 VDC
to display)
Figure 9-6: Display Control Block Diagram
9.6.4 Printer Control Block Diagram (Figure 9-7)
Printer circuitry (Figure 9-7) is divided into two subsections: the printer interface and the printer flex
circuit. The printer interface circuitry is present on all models, but is disabled by software in the
N-20. The printer flex circuit is added when a printer is present.
Main PCB AUX PCB N-20 only
Printer
flex
Microprocessor Printer circuit Printer
interface (N-20P only) (N-20 only)
PCB
On ADV D/D User push buttons
Figure 9-7: Printer Control Block Diagram
9.7 Definition of Terms
9.7.1 Analog to Digital (A/D) converter
The CPU has a 10-bit A/D converter on board. Up to eight different analog inputs can be provided to
the A/D for measurement.
9.7.2 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
An Intel 80C196KC 16-bit microcontroller. The CPU sends and receives control signals to the SpO2
analog section, display, and optional printer.
9.7.3 Content Addressable Memory (CAM)
The CPU controls the HSO lines with the CAM. CAM is software controlled and programmed with
events scheduled relative to one of two internal timers.
9-5
9.7.4 High Speed Outputs (HSO)
The 6 HSO lines control most of the timing of the LED signal pulse and the demodulation of the
received signal.
9.7.5 Input and Output (I/O)
Input and Output (I/O) are digital lines that are used by the CPU to read in data and output data.
9.7.6 Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
Two LEDs are used in Nellcor oximetry sensors. Light is transmitted through body tissue and
received by a photodetector circuit that converts it to photocurrent. The two wavelengths, which are
used for calculation of pulse rate and oxygen saturation in blood, are transmitted at the following
frequencies:
• infrared (IR) light at approximately 915 microns
• red light at approximately 660 microns
9.7.7 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM)
The three 8-bit PWM outputs can be software controlled; their duty cycle can be changed from
0-255/256 of the total pulse duration. PWM frequency is the crystal frequency of the CPU, which is
10 MHz divided by 1024. The PWMs control the gains within the analog circuit.
9.7.8 RCal
Sensor RCal value is a resistance value specific to an individual sensor. This value is used by the
software during oxygen saturation computations to maximize accuracy.
9.7.9 Real-Time Clock (RTC)
The RTC is used with the optional printer to track time and date for printouts.
9.8 Overall Block Diagram
Exclusive of covers, buttons, and external connectors, the N-20/N-20P consists of three main
components: the main PCB, the auxiliary PCB, and the display assembly and analog shield.
9.8.1 Main PCB
Contains the SpO2 analog circuitry; the CPU; support memory circuits; sensor circuits for ambient
light, temperature, and battery voltage; the check battery circuit; a serial data port; and some display
control circuits.
9.8.2 Auxiliary PCB
Contains the power supply circuitry; the display driver circuits; the real-time clock; the interface
circuitry for the printer flex circuit board (which is not used unless a printer is present); and audio
output hardware.
9.8.3 Display and Analog Shield Assembly
This assembly connects to the main PCB by flex circuits. A metal shield shrouds the SpO2 analog
circuits on the main PCB to protect them from EMI. An integrated electroluminescent backlight
illuminates the display under low light conditions.
The N-20P has an additional printer control board (printer flex circuit) and printer hardware. The
following block diagram shows the relationship between these components.
9-6
9.9 SpO2 Analog Circuitry
This subsection describes the SpO2 analog hardware. The analog circuitry has high signal sensitivity
and reduced susceptibility to noise. Its design allows for a wide range of input signal levels and a
broad range of pulsatile modulation. The SpO2 analog block diagram (Figure 9-3) consists of four
subsections:
9.9.1 Sensor Output/LED Control
The CPU controls the gain of both LEDs so that signals received at the input amplifier are within an
acceptable dynamic range. Signal channel gain may also need to be increased. The CPU uses PWM
lines to control LED current level or to amplify the signal channel.
9.9.2 Input Conditioning
Sensor output current is converted to voltage. A demodulation circuit minimizes the effects of other
light sources and stray frequency inputs. Because the IR and RED signals are at different current
levels, the two LED signals are demultiplexed and separately amplified, so they can be compared with
each other. Two circuits handle the demultiplexing by alternately selecting LED signals using
switches. Filters then remove noise and smooth the signals before sending them to the amplifiers.
9.9.3 Signal Gain
The separated LED signals are amplified so that their current levels are within the A/D converter's
acceptable range. The signals are filtered to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and clamped to a
reference voltage.
9.9.4 AC Ranging
DC offset is eliminated from each LED signal. An analog switch sets the mean signal value to the
mean of the A/D converter range, and the AC modulation is superimposed on that DC level. Then,
each AC signal is amplified and filtered to eliminate residual effects of the PWM modulations.
Finally, these two signals are input to the CPU A/D converter.
The relationship between these subsections is shown in the following block diagram.
9.9.5 Sensor Output/LED Control
The SpO2 analog circuitry provides control of the red and IR LEDs such that the received signals are
within the dynamic range of the input amplifier. Because excessive current to the LEDs will induce
changes in their spectral output, it is sometimes necessary to increase the received signal channel
gain. To that point, the CPU controls both the current to the LEDs, and the amplification in the signal
channel.
At initialization of transmission, the LEDs' intensity level is based on previous running conditions,
and the transmission intensity is adjusted until the received signals match the range of the A/D
converter. If the LEDs reach maximum output without the necessary signal strength, the PWMs will
increase the channel gain. The PWM lines will select either a change in the LED current or signal
gain, but will not do both simultaneously.
The LED circuit switches between red and IR transmission and disables both for a time between
transmissions in order to provide a no-transmission reference. To prevent excessive heat build-up and
prolong battery life, each LED is on for only a small portion of the duty cycle. Also, the frequency of
switching is well above that of motion artifact and not a harmonic of known AC transmissions. The
LED switching frequency is 1.485 kHz. The IR transmission alone, and the red transmission alone
will each be on for about one-fifth of the duty cycle; this cycle is controlled by the HSOs of the CPU.
9-7
9.9.5.1 LED Drive Circuit

The LED drive circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-8 (at the end of this section).
The IR and red LEDs are separately controlled with their drives’ currents multiplexed over two shared
wires. Current to the IR LED is in the range of 4.3-50.0 mA; and, current to the red LED is in the
range of 6.5-75.0 mA. Currents are limited to less than 100 mA for two reasons: (1) slight excess
current can potentially change the emission characteristics of the LEDs, and (2) large excess current
could create excessive heat at the sensor site.
The IR/red LED transmission signal (HSO1 of the CPU) is fed into the select inputs of the triple
single-pole-double-throw (SPDT) analog multiplexing switch U10, causing either the IR or the red
LED transmission to be enabled.
PWM1, which is filtered by the network of R44, C37, R52, and C38, is input to the LED drive
circuit switch U10, and controls the magnitude of the IR LED current supply.
PWM2, which is filtered by the network of R43, C36, R53, and C39, is also input to U10, and
controls the red LED current magnitude.
Two NPN transistors (Q1 and Q2) act as current sources for the IR and red LED outputs. Two PNP
transistors (Q3 and Q4) act as switches between the IR and red LED output lines. Transistor Q5 acts
as an LED drive current limiter; it clamps output of the current regulator circuit to the required level.
If any resistor in the LED drive circuit fails, current to the LED will still be limited to a safe level.
The RSENS line senses the RCal value and enables the CPU to make the proper calculations based on
the type of sensor being used.
9.9.6 Input Conditioning
Input to the SpO2 analog circuit is the current output of the sensor photodiode. In order to condition
the signal current, it is necessary to convert the current to voltage.
A differential synchronous demodulation circuit is used to reduce the effects of other light sources
and stray frequency inputs to the system. Because the IR and red signals are absorbed differently by
body tissue, their received signal intensities are at different levels. Therefore, the IR and red signals
must be demodulated and then amplified separately in order to compare them to each other.
Demultiplexing is accomplished by means of two circuits that alternately select the IR and red signal.
Two switches that are coordinated with the IR and red transmissions control selection of the circuits.
A filter with a large time constant follows to smooth the signal and remove noise before amplification.
9.9.6.1 Differential Synchronous Demodulation Circuit

The differential synchronous demodulation circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-9 (at the end of this
section).
Before the current from the photodetector is converted to voltage, any high frequency noise is filtered
by C40 and R17. The op-amp U1A is used in parallel with the current-to-voltage converter U1D to
cancel any DC voltage, effectively AC coupling the output of U1D. The average value of the SpO2
analog reference voltage (VREF) of U1D, 5 V, is measured at pin 14 of test point 49.
The same line that controls the on/off pulsing of the LEDs controls U6D, a single-pole-single-throw
(SPST) analog switch. When either of the LEDs are on (the line is low and the switch is closed), U35
is used as a non-inverting amplifier. When the LEDs are both off, U35 is used as an inverting
amplifier. The signal at the output of amplifier U35 is then demultiplexed.
The CPU HSO lines SAMPRED and SAMPIR, which are both active low, control SPST analog
switches U6A and U6B, respectively. Switch U6A is closed to sample the red signal; switch U6B is
closed to sample the IR signal. The sampling rate for both switches is 10 kHz. Switching is
9-8
coordinated with the LED transmission so that the IR and red signals are each sampled twice per
cycle; that is, once when the LED is off (signal inverted), and once when the LED is on (signal not
inverted). The filtering circuit that follows has a long time constant, thereby acting as an averaging
circuit.
A simplified N-20 HSO timing diagram is illustrated in Figure 9-10 (at the end of this section).
If the instantaneous average photocurrent (DC offset) is excessive and U1D cannot bring it to VREF,
the PHOTOI line to the CPU (HSI0) is activated. This action is an indication of excess ambient light
into the photosensor, or the occurrence of excess noise in the input circuit. It also serves as a warning
to the instrument that the sensor signal may be contaminated and causes the software to send an error
message. After about 3 seconds of continuous photocurrent signal, pulse search annunciation will
begin. After about 10 seconds of continuous photocurrent signal, zeros will be displayed.
9.9.7 Signal Gain
The separated IR and red signals are amplified so that their DC values are within the range of the A/D
converter. Because the received IR and red signals are typically at different current levels, the signal
gain circuits provide independent amplification for each signal as needed. The gain in these circuits is
adjusted by means of the PWM lines.
After the IR and red signals are amplified, they are filtered to improve the signal-to-noise ratio and
clamped to a reference voltage to prevent the combined AC and DC signal from exceeding an
acceptable input voltage from the A/D converter.
9.9.7.1 Variable Gain Circuits

The variable gain circuits are illustrated in Figure 9-11.
VREF
C122
.1UF
-5V
To LED control
PWM2
OFF/ON
VCC U2 PWM1
16 9 IR LED/AV
VDD C
10
C35 B R39
7 11
VEE A
6 47.5K
.1UF INH
8
VSS
3
Z1
5
Z0
RED
4 1 C126
Z Y1
2 220PF
Y0 Q6
15
Y VREF
13 C33 2N3906
X1
14 12
X X0 1NF 9 U1C
4053 8
R25
10
R26 82.5K LF444
RED TP51
3.32K
C24
.47UF C127
Q7 220PF
IR
VREF
VREF
2N3906
C34 1NF
R24 U1B
6
7
82.5K
IR 5
LF444
TP52
Figure 9-11: Variable Gain Circuit
9-9
The two variable gain circuits are functionally equivalent. The gain of each circuit is contingent upon
the signals received level and is controlled to bring each signal to approximately 3.5 V. Each circuit
uses an amplifier and one switch in the triple SPDT analog multiplexing unit U2.
The gain in each of the circuits is accomplished by means of a feedback loop, which includes one of
the SPDT switches in U2. The PWMs control whether the feedback loop is connected to ground or to
the amplifier output. The feedback is then averaged by C33/R25 (red), and C34/R24 (IR). The higher
the value of PWM2, the greater the IR gain; the higher the value of PWM1, the greater the red gain.
9.9.7.2 Filtering Circuits

The filtering circuits are illustrated in Figure 9-12.
These circuits consist of two cascaded second-order filters with a break frequency of 10 Hz. Pairs of
diodes (D1/D3 and D2/D4), that are located between VREF and ground at the positive inputs of the
second amplifiers, maintain the voltage output within the range of the A/D converter.
C13
TP81 REDDC
.12UF
C16
R6
RED
100K
.12UF 11 U4C
15 U4D 10
16 R9 R8 12
R7 OP490SO
14 100K 100K
OP490SO
100K
C14 TP89 CR1 VREF
C15
.068UF
.068UF 1N914
TP82 CR3
+12V 1N914
C18
R11 R13
IR
100K 4 100K
.12UF
2 U4A
1
R10 C19
3
OP490SO R12 .12UF
100K
100K
C17 1
.068UF 3
-5V
6 U4B
7 IRDC
5
OP490SO
VREF
CR2
1N914
TP90
.068UF
C20
CR4
1N914
Figure 9-12: Filtering Circuit
9.9.8 AC Ranging
In order to measure a specified level of oxygen saturation and to still use a standard-type combined
CPU and A/D converter, the DC offset is subtracted from each signal. Because the DC portion of the
signal can be on the order of one thousand times the AC modulation, 16 bits of A/D conversion would
9-10
otherwise be required to accurately compare the IR and red modulations between the combined AC
and DC signals. The DC offsets are subtracted by using an analog switch to set the mean signal value
to the mean of the range of the A/D converter whenever necessary. The AC modulation is then
superimposed upon that DC level. This is also known as AC ranging.
Each AC signal is subsequently amplified such that its peak-to-peak values span one-fifth of the range
of the A/D converter. The amplified AC signals are then filtered to remove the residual effects of the
PWM modulations and, finally, are input to the CPU. The combined AC and DC signals for both IR
and red signals are separately input to the A/D converter.
9.9.8.1 Offset Subtraction Circuits

The AC variable gain control circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-13 (at the end of this section). Voltage
dividers R22 and R41 (red), and R31 and R5 (IR), which are located between VREF and ground,
establish a baseline voltage of 2.75 V at the input of the unity gain amplifiers U7C (red) and U7D
(IR).
Whenever SPST analog switches U11A and U11D are closed by HSO0 (active low), the DC portions
of the IR and red signals create a charge, which is stored on C29 and C89, respectively. These
capacitors hold this charge even after the switches are opened and the resulting voltage is subtracted
from the combined signal— leaving only the AC modulation output. This AC signal is superimposed
on the baseline voltage output by U7C and U7D. The IRDC and REDDC are then filtered and input
to the CPU, and can be measured at TP58 and TP54, respectively.
9.9.8.2 AC Variable Gain Control Circuits

The AC variable gain control circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-13 (at the end of this section).
The AC modulations are amplified by U7A (red) and U7B (IR) and superimposed on the baseline
voltages present at the output of U7D (IR) and U7C (red). The amplification is handled by means of
the SPDT analog multiplexing switch U3 within the feedback loop, which increases gain as PWM0 is
increased. The IRAC and REDAC are then filtered and input to the CPU, and can be measured at
TP55 and TP59, respectively.
9.10 Digital Circuitry
The digital hardware and related circuitry, which is illustrated in the following block diagram (Figure
9-4), includes the following subsystems:
9-11
Measure N-20/N-20P Control buttons

Check Battery
Power supply AUX

& control PCB Ambient Main
light sensor PCB
AUX PCB
CPU Display
Display
Main PCB drivers
Memory Audio beeper AUX PCB

&
software
Printer (N-20 only)
To analog section
Real-time AUX Ambient Main Printer Control button
ON ADV D/D
clock PCB temp. sensor PCB
Figure 9-4: Digital Circuitry Block Diagram
9.10.1 CPU
A 16-bit microcontroller that includes a serial port, watchdog timer, A/D converter with an 8-input
analog multiplexer, 3-pulse width modulators, and a high-speed I/O subsystem.
9.10.2 System Memory
External to the CPU and consists of an 8K ×8 static RAM and a 64K ×16 EPROM.
9.10.3 Real-Time Clock (RTC)
The RTC keeps track of date and time, which is printed on each printout. The RTC is powered by a
lithium battery designed to last up to 5 years before needing replacement.
9.10.4 Audio Output
A piezoelectric ceramic beeper is used for audio output.
9.10.5 Display Control
A high-visibility display provides oxygen saturation and pulse rate values. An ambient light sensor
responds to low-light conditions and turns on the display backlight.
9.10.6 User Controls
A Measure button and a Battery-Check button. The Measure button signals the power control
circuit to switch on the power supply. Press and hold the Battery-Check button to display a
percentage of useful life remaining in the batteries.
9.10.7 Power Supply/Power Control Circuitry
The N-20/N-20P receives power from 4 "C" cell batteries. The power control circuitry discontinues
power to the unit when the batteries are no longer reliable.
9-12
9.10.8 Thermal Printer (N-20P only)
Generates a hard copy of oxygen saturation and pulse rate values. A sensor monitors ambient
temperature and adjusts printer output to ensure consistent print quality.
9.10.9 CPU
The CPU circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-14.

The Intel 80C196KC CPU is a 16-bit microcontroller with built-in peripherals including: a serial port,
watchdog timer, A/D converter with an 8-input analog multiplexer, three pulse width modulators, two
16-bit counter/timers, up to 48 I/O lines, and a high-speed I/O subsystem.
The CPU is capable of running up to 16 MHz, but it is run at 10 MHz for decreased power
consumption. All unused inputs are tied to either Vcc or ground through resistors—this prevents
unused inputs floating to any voltage and causing excess power drain. The READY input pin is tied
high, thereby disabling wait-state generation; all bus accesses are zero-wait state. The EA pin is tied
low to enable addressing of the external EPROM.
When the power supply is first switched on by the power control circuit, the reset generation circuit
holds the CPU RESET pin low for at least 20 ms, then allows the internal pull-up resistor to bring it
high; this assures a good CPU reset.
An internal watchdog timer is enabled and runs continuously. The watchdog timer provides a means
of recovering from a software upset caused by ESD, EMI, etc. If the software does not clear the timer
at least every 64K state-times (13.1 ms), the CPU will drive RESET low, resetting the entire unit.
The reset output by the CPU is only 16 state-times long (3.2 µs). Q22 provides isolation from C65 so
the CPU can drive a good reset to the display control circuit.
9-13
Analog Ambient Battery Ambient

Reference Light Voltage Temperature
Voltage
Analog
Serial Battery
Interface Power
CPU
Control Power
Patient SpO2 Analog
Off Power
Sensor Analog Control
Section Control AD Bus
Power
Control
Power On
Address Address
Decoding Demultiplexing
Power
Supply
Address
AD Bus
Enables
Standard
User
Supply
Output Input CPU
Port Port Memory
Digital I/O
Battery Input Port

Type
Digital I/O
Output Port
Real Time Power Control

Lithium Clock and Audio Display Printer
Battery Non-Volatile Output Control Interface
Memory
User
Controls
External to Board
User
BUSSES
Display Optional Printer
Flex Circuit with
SIGNALS User Controls
Figure 9-14: N-20 Hardware Block Diagram
The CPU has the ability to dynamically switch the data bus width—based on the BUSWIDTH input
pin. A low on BUSWIDTH tells the CPU to access memory only 8 bits at a time. When accessing
the static RAM, BUSWIDTH is low, automatically reading the 8-bit wide RAM. Since BUSWIDTH
is connected to the active low RAM enable line (RAMEN), all other memory and mapped I/O are read
or written 16 bits at a time.
The CPU measures eight analog inputs. Input from the SpO2 analog section includes AC and DC
signals for the oximeter sensor red and infrared channels, and the sensor calibration resistor RSENS.
Light, temperature, and battery voltage are also measured.
9-14
The N-20 CPU is configured as follows:

• Decoded AD0 and BHE generate separate WR write strobes for the low and high bytes of a word.
The signal WR (pin WRL) is the low-byte write strobe.
• A standard address latch enable (ALE) is generated and used.
• HSO pins 4 and 5 are configured as outputs. The HSO is used to generate stable timing control
signals to the SpO2 analog section, display, and printer.
• The timer-2 external control pins T2CLK, T2RST, T2U-D, and T2CAPT are disabled via
software and used as standard I/O.
• The HOLD, HLDA, and BREQ bus accessing is disabled via software and the pins are used as
standard I/O.
• Pins HSI0 and EXTINT are configured for interrupt input. The CPU receives 2 external
interrupts (signals PR_TACH and PHOTOI).
• RXD and TXD are configured as a standard asynchronous serial transmitter and receiver for the
serial interface.
• PWM0, PWM1, and PWM2 pins are configured as pulse width modulator outputs. They are used
to control gains within the SpO2 analog section.
9.10.9.1 Address Demultiplexing

The address demultiplexing circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-15.
U13 and U33 are transparent latches that latch the address portion of the AD bus data on the falling
edge of ALE; the outputs are always enabled. The outputs of U13 and U33 are always the address
portion of the AD bus.
ADDRESS DEMUX
U13
AD0 2 19 A0
D1 Q1
AD1 3 18 A1
D2 Q2
AD2 4 17 A2
D3 Q3
AD3 5 16 A3
D4 Q4
AD4 6 15 A4
D5 Q5
AD5 7 14 A5
D6 Q6
AD6 8 13 A6
D7 Q7
AD7 9 12 A7
D8 Q8
ALE 11
C
1
OC
TP39 74HC573
R108
10K
U33
AD8 2 19 A8
D1 Q1
AD9 3 18 A9
D2 Q2
AD10 4 17 A10
D3 Q3
AD11 5 16 A11
D4 Q4
AD12 6 15 A12
D5 Q5
AD13 7 14 A13
D6 Q6
AD14 8 13 A14
D7 Q7
AD15 9 12 A15
D8 Q8
ALE 11
C
1
OC
TP40
74HC573
R109
10K
Figure 9-15: Address Demultiplexing Circuit
9-15
9.10.9.2 Address Decoding

The address decoding circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-16.
EXINEN
19
EXOUTEN
20
20 HDR
ADDRESS DECODING
U28 TO: N-20
1 15
A Y0
WR 2
B Y1
14 AUX PCB
RD 3 13
C Y2
12
Y3
11
Y4
A10 6 10 DC00-DFFF
G1 Y5
4 9
G2A Y6
5 7
G2B Y7
74HC138
A12 U30A
A13 1 E000-FFFF
A14 2 12 RAMEN
A15 13
74HC10 TP74
U30B
A14 3 U30C
A15 4 6 9 0000-DBFF
A11 5 10 8 ROMEN
11
74HC10
74HC10
TP71
10K
R134
VCC
Figure 9-16: Address Decoding Circuit
The CPU has a 64 Kbyte address range of 0-FFFF. RAM, EPROM, and I/O ports share this space.
The address decoding circuit splits up this space and output enable lines to the RAM, EPROM, and
I/O ports.
U30A generates the static RAMs active low enable signal, RAMEN. When address lines A13, A14,
A15 are all high, U30As output goes low, enabling the RAM. This occurs for the 8K address range of
E000-FFFF.
U30B and U28 are used to generate the input port and output port active low enable signals EXINEN
and EXOUTEN. When address lines A15, A14, A11, and A10 are high, and A13 is low, U28
becomes enabled. With U28 enabled, one of the 8 outputs is set low. The output to go low is selected
by pins A, B, and C. They form a 3-bit binary number with pin C being the most significant bit. So
when address line A12 is high, WR active (low), and RD inactive (high), a binary 5 is produced on
pins A, B, and C, forcing output Y5 (EXOUTEN) low. This enables the output port for writing.
When address line A12 is high, WR inactive, and RD active, a binary 3 is produced on pins A, B, and
C, forcing output Y3 (EXINEN) low. Note that in both previous conditions, A15, A14, A12, A11,
and A10 are high and A13 is low.
The input port and the output port both share the same 1 Kbyte address space of DC00-DFFF. When
data are written to that address, the output port enable signal EXOUTEN is activated. But when data
are read from the same address, EXINEN is activated. Because the CPU is configured to use a 16-bit
bus, except for RAM, any even address in the DC00-DFF range could be used for external port
access. In other words, reading or writing address DC00, DC02, DC04, etc., will all produce the same
9-16
results. Due to the CPU configuration, the write strobe WR (WRL pin) is only active for low-byte
writes; therefore, both bytes of the external output port must be written to at the same time. The upper
byte of the output port cannot be written to alone, no write strobe and, therefore, no EXOUTEN signal
will be generated.
U30C generates the EPROMs active low enable signal, ROMEN. The active low signals RAMEN
and EXINEN are basically used as EPROM disable signals. When RAMEN or EXINEN or test point
TP71 are low, the output of U30C, ROMEN, is forced high, disabling the ROM. Therefore, the
EPROM is disabled for the range DC00-FFFF and enabled for the 55 Kbyte address range of
0h-DBFF. TP71 is used during board testing to disable the EPROM.
9.10.10 CPU Memory
The CPU memory circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-17.
8K X 8 SRAM
U14
A0 10 11 AD0
A0 D0
A1 9 12 AD1
A1 D1
A2 8 13 AD2
A2 D2
A3 7 15 AD3
A3 D3
A4 6 16 AD4
A4 D4
A5 5 17 AD5
A5 D5
A6 4 18 AD6
A6 D6
A7 3 19 AD7
A7 D7
A8 25
A8
A9 24
A9
A10 21
A10
A11 23
A11
A12 2 VCC
A12
RAMEN 20
CS1
26 R133
CS2
WR 27 10K
WE
RD 22
OE
TP43
64K X 16 EPROM
U15
A1 24 21 AD0
A0 O0
A2 25 20 AD1
A1 O1
A3 26 19 AD2
A2 O2
A4 27 18 AD3
A3 O3
A5 28 17 AD4
A4 O4
A6 29 16 AD5
A5 O5
A7 30 15 AD6
A6 O6
A8 31 14 AD7
A7 O7
A9 32 11 AD8
A8 O8
A10 35 10 AD9
A9 O9
A11 36 9 AD10
A10 O10
A12 37 8 AD11
A11 O11
A13 38 7 AD12
A12 O12
A14 39 6 AD13
A13 O13
A15 40 5 AD14
A14 O14
41 4 AD15
A15 O15
ROMEN 3
CE
RD 22
OE
2
VCC VPP
43
VCC PGM
27C1024L
Figure 9-17: CPU Memory Circuit
The memory system external to the CPU consists of an 8 K ×8 static RAM (U14) and a 64 K ×16
EPROM (U15). The EPROM is 16 bits wide to enhance CPU performance. Because RAM is
infrequently accessed, it is only 8 bits wide.
9-17
U14 is a standard 8K ×8 static RAM. Test point TP 43 is used during testing to disable the output.
The program that the CPU runs is stored in U15. U15 is a 16-bit wide output, one-time programmable
(OTP) EPROM. During 16-bit wide bus accesses, the CPU uses address line A0 for low/high byte
selection, and address line A0 is not used as a normal address line. The CPU can address only 64K ×8
bytes or 32K ×16 bytes. Pin A15 of U15 is tied low, always selecting the lower half of the EPROM.
Signal ROMEN is then used to enable the EPROM for the proper memory area.
9.10.10.1 Input Port

The input port circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-18.
EX_IN INPUT PORT
U16
AD0 19 2 GO_BTN
Q1 D1
AD1 18 3
Q2 D2
AD2 17 4 ON_OFF_BTN
Q3 D3
AD3 16 5 DD_BTN
Q4 D4
AD4 15 6 ADV_BTN
Q5 D5
AD5 14 7 PR_HOME
Q6 D6
AD6 13 8 BAT_TYPE
Q7 D7
AD7 12 9 RTC_IO
Q8 D8
11
C VCC
1
OC
EXINEN 74HC573
Figure 9-18: Input Port Circuit
U16 is the input port external to the CPU. The logic levels on the inputs (pins D1-D8) are output to
the CPU via the AD bus while EXINEN is strobed low. All of the user control buttons are input via
U16. Also, the battery type is sensed via U16; a high on signal BAT_TYPE signifies to the CPU that
rechargeable batteries are being used. If the optional printer head is in the home position, PR_HOME
will be a logic high.
Pin D8 (RTC_IO) and an output bit of the external output port are connected. They work as a pair to
create a bidirectional bit for communicating with the RTC (see Section 3.5.3, Real-Time Clock and
Non-Volatile Memory).
9.10.10.2 Output Port

The output port circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-19 (at the end of this section).
The output port external to the CPU consists of 2 octal D latches , U18 and U17; they function as a
single 16-bit output port. U18 is the lower byte (LSB) and U17 is the upper byte (MSB). The output
of U18 is always enabled. The output bits of U18 control: audio output, optional printer, RTC, and
display.
The signal PR_STROBE controls U17s output drivers. Under normal operation, the outputs are
tristated and resistors R148-R154 pull the outputs low. PR_STROBE is driven low to turn on the
output drivers of U17. Signals PR_DOT0-PR_DOT6 (pins Q1-Q7) drive the 7 print dots of the
optional printer. PR_STROBE pulses all 7 of the dot lines for a specific time period (see also "Printer
Interface"). When the CPU is first powered on, PR_STROBE is in a tristate condition. R123 assures
that U17 does not accidentally turn on the printer head dots until required to. Pin Q8 (RTC_IO) and
an input bit of the external input port are connected. They work as a pair to create a bidirectional bit
for communicating with the RTC (see also "Real-Time Clock and Non-Volatile Memory").
Both bytes of external output port (i.e., U18 and U17) must be written to at the same time. The upper
byte of the output port (U17) cannot be written to independently (see also "Address Decoding").
9-18
9.10.11 Real-Time Clock (RTC) and Non-Volatile Memory
The real-time clock circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-20.

The RTC has two functions: (1) it provides non-volatile memory that is used to remember whether the
printer should be enabled at power on, and (2) to keep track of time and date for the N-20P printer.
The N-20 does not require or use the RTC; it is disabled via software.
VCC REAL TIME CLOCK
CR22
1N914
TP86
TEST
U29
TP76 14 RTC_CLK TP85
16
VCC SCLK
TEST 3 12 RTC_IO TEST
CR23 X1 I/O
5
X2 TP87
C114 8 9 RTC_RST
GND RST
1N914 TEST
.1uF Y1 DS1202S
32.768KHz
R163
3.32K
BT1
3V
Figure 9-20: Real-Time Clock Circuit
The RTC chip U29 uses a 3-wire synchronous serial interface to communicate with the CPU. The
CPU brings signal RTC_RST high to activate communication with the RTC. RTC_CLK clocks data
into and out of the RTC chip. RTC_IO is the bidirectional communication data bit. The CPU drives
RTC_IO when writing data and commands to the RTC. The CPU tristates RTC_IO and then reads
data back on it from the RTC.
Crystal Y1 provides an accurate 32.768 KHz clock input whenever the time keeping circuitry of U29
is activated. The CPU enables the timekeeping function only when an optional printer is installed. If
no printer is installed, the CPU switches off timekeeping, thereby extending battery life. Also, with no
printer installed, the RTC clock is used only during diagnostic testing to verify the CPU clock timing.
The lithium battery BT1 and diodes CR22 and CR23 provide the power switch over and constant
power needed to keep the time and RAM data while the unit is not in use. Whenever the unit is
powered on, Vcc is at 5 V and U29 is powered via CR22. CR 23 is reverse biased because BT1 at 3 V
is at a lower potential than Vcc. Whenever the unit is powered off, the potential between Vcc and
switched ground is 0 V, CR23 is forward biased, and U29 is powered by BT1. CR22 is reverse
biased, isolating BT1 from Vcc. This circuit design allows BT1 life of up to 5 years, typically,
without the unit being powered on.
U29 holds 24 bytes of RAM, which is used for non-volatile storage of CPU data.
9.10.12 Audio Output
The audio output circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-21.
9-19
BEEP_1
BEEP_2
BZ1
TP74
TP75 TEST
TEST AT17
BEEPER
Figure 9-21: Audio Output Circuit
BZ1, a piezo ceramic sounder, is the audio output device. Due to its low drive current of 2 mA
maximum, no drive circuitry is needed, and the audio output device is driven directly from the
external output port. It is differentially driven with 2 square waves 180 degrees out of phase. The
drive frequency is approximately 1480 Hz or 740 Hz and is generated by the CPU. BZ1 is
differentially driven to obtain maximum audible volume.
9.10.13 Display Control Circuitry
The display control circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-22, at the end of this section.
The Taliq display is controlled by the display control circuitry. A photosensor measures ambient light
and automatically switches on the electroluminescent display backlight during low light conditions.
The display control circuitry is divided into the following subsections:
9.10.13.1 Control Conditioning Circuit

The control conditioning circuit, located on the main PCB (Figure 9-6), processes signals generated
by the CPU to produce timing signals for the display drivers.
9.10.13.2 Display Driver ICs

The display driver ICs are located on the auxiliary PCB (Figure 9-6). Each of the two display driver
ICs have 32 high-voltage outputs that enable individual segments of the display to be turned on or off.
9.10.13.3 High Voltage Control Circuit

The high voltage control circuit is located on the auxiliary PCB (Figure 9-6). The high voltage
control circuit allows the CPU to switch on or off the display's high voltage input.
Main PCB Main PCB AUX PCB
Control Display driver

conditioning (1)
Microprocessor circuit Display
(generates
timing Display driver
signals) (2)
Display
AUX PCB backlight
High voltage
control circuit 70 volts
(enables
+70 VDC
to display)
Figure 9-6: Display Control Block Diagram
9-20
9.10.13.4 Control Conditioning Circuit

The CPU generates a 400-µs low-pulse train at a 160 Hz rate on signal DISP_PHASE. Half of U34
takes DISP_PHASE as an input and creates DISP_POL as an 80 Hz 50% duty cycle square wave. A
CPU reset initializes DISP_POL low when any CPU reset occurs so the software knows the initial
state. The other half of U34 is used to synchronize the rising edge of the DISP_DL with the rising
edge of DISP_POL. The CPU brings DISP_LATCH signal high before the rising edge of
DISP_PHASE; this allows the high to be clocked out to DISP_DL on the rising edge of
DISP_PHASE. About 100 µs after the rising edge of DISP_PHASE, the CPU brings DISP_LATCH
low, asynchronously resetting DISP_DL low.
9.10.13.5 Display Driver Control Circuits

U19 and U20 are the display segment driver chips. Each chip has 32 high-voltage outputs and a
display common marked BP (backplane). The display data are input to U19 and U20 by the CPU via a
serial shift register input. U19 and U20 are daisy-chained together, forming a 64-bit serial shift
register. Display data are loaded and shifted down via the DISP_DATA and DISP_CLK signals.
When all 64 bits of the shift register are loaded, a high pulse on DISP_DL updates the display, all 64
bits at the same time. The display is clocked with an 80 Hz 50% duty cycle waveform by signal
DISP_POL. The display cannot be driven by DC voltages or display damage will result. Display
segments are illuminated by creating a 180-degree phase shift between the segment pin and the BP
common pin. Segments are left dark by making the waveform on the segment pin be in phase with
the BP pin. The display has an electroluminescent (EL) backlight, and is driven the same as the
display segments. Connectors JP2, JP3, and JP5 connect the display and EL backlight to the drive
electronics.
9.10.13.6 High Voltage Control Circuit

The cold switch circuit performs two basic functions: (1) it allows the CPU to enable and disable the
display high voltage VDISP, and (2) it slows the edge slew rate of the segment drivers as it switches
the high voltage. When the signal DISP_PHASE is low, Q14 is disabled, pulling VDISP low.
Whenever the CPU is powered on, DISP_PHASE is tristated. The base emitter junction of Q12 pulls
DISP_PHASE low, disabling the high voltage. This assures that the high voltage is only enabled to
the display when controlled by the CPU.
The Taliq display is similar to an LCD in that the load of a segment is mainly capacitive. A cold
switch circuit provides a current-limited 70 V to VDISP. R93, R95, Q21, and Q14 do the on/off
switching and current limiting. As the driver chips' output waveforms and DISP_PHASE change
states, the capacitive loads of the display cause VDISP to current limit until the capacitance is fully
charged. This constant output current is integrated into the display capacitive loads, causing a highly
linear rising and falling voltage ramp on VDISP. Because the high voltage to the drive chips (VDISP)
is ramped, the outputs of the driver chips U19 and U20 are also ramped at the same controlled rate.
This design is used to reduce current spikes on the 70 V power supply, and, in addition, reduces the
EMI generated by the display due to the lower slew rates of the high voltage switching signals.
9.10.14 Standard User Controls
The user controls circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-23.
9-21
VCC
TP72
GO BTN
R102
TEST
15K VCON
To U21
pin 4
GO_BTN R78
150K
TO: N-20
MAIN PCB R79
3.32K
C66
.01UF
JP18 L11
GO_SW
1
2
TP71
C123 TEST
100PF
VCC
CHECK BATTERY
R71
150K
TP88 R74 L12 TP81
BAT_BTN
TEST 1K TEST
C126
100PF C64
SW1 .01UF
TO: N-20
AUX PCB
JP8
R80
GO_SW
1
221
2
S2
MEASURE
BUTTON
Figure 9-23: User Controls Circuit
The standard user controls consist of two momentary push-button switches (measure and
check-battery). The Measure button is an elastomeric contact switch, and the Check-Battery button is
a mechanical momentary switch.
The CPU input lines BAT_BTN and GO_BTN are normally pulled to the high state by R71 and R78.
Whenever a button is depressed, the CPU input line is pulled low through R74 and R80. The switch
contacts are debounced with C64 and C66. L11, L12, C126, and C123 provide a current path for
ESD protection.
In addition to being read by the CPU, the Measure button also activates the power supply via the
power control circuit. Note that the Measure button has circuitry on both the main PCB as well as the
auxiliary PCB.
9.10.15 Power Supply/Power Control Circuitry
Power supply circuitry is located on the auxiliary PCB and consists of the following subsections:
9-22
• Batteries—Four 1.5-V alkaline "C" size batteries provide 4-6 VDC power.
• Power control circuitry—Power control circuitry is connected to the batteries. It senses any
press of the Measure button and switches on the power supplies. Reverse current limiting
protects the N-20/N-20P from damage if batteries are inserted incorrectly.
• Power shutoff circuit—This circuit controls power to all circuits except the power control circuit.
In addition, a fuse protects the power supply from excessive current draw. The power supply is
also protected against electrostatic discharge and electromagnetic interference.
• Power supply circuits consists of the following power supplies:
Regulated power supply: Power supplied by the batteries is regulated at 5 VDC. All of the
digital circuitry and some of the SpO2 analog circuitry use this supply.
Unregulated power supplies: 5 VDC is converted by a switched capacitor network into
unregulated power supplies of –5 VDC, 10 VDC, and 12 VDC, all of which are used in the
SpO2 analog circuits.
High voltage power supply: A voltage regulator/doubler converts battery power to 70 VDC;
the display drivers as well as the display backlight need this increase in power.
The power supply circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-24, at the end of this section.
9.10.15.1 Power Control Circuitry

The power control circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-25, at the end of this section.
The power control circuit consists of U21 and its associated components. U21 is a D flip/flop with
asynchronous preset and clear; only the preset and clear are used.
Power is applied to U21 via CR11 whenever batteries are installed. CR11 provides protection for U21
if the batteries are installed with reverse polarity. This error condition will reverse bias CR11, thereby
disabling current flow to U21.
The much larger RC time constant of R110, C67 compared to R78, C66 guarantees that the unit will
not be accidentally powered on when batteries are first installed.
Whenever the Measure button is pressed, a low on GO_SW sets the output signal PWR_ON high.
This condition connects switched and battery grounds, enables the power supplies, and switches on
the unit. Whenever the CPU determines that the power should be switched off, it forces PWR_DOWN
low. This action clears output PWR_ON to a logic low, disconnecting ground, and switching off the
power supplies (see also Power Supply).
R79 and R81 provide current limit protection to U21 inputs. They also limit the current that will flow
through U21 inputs to the CPU when the batteries are installed backwards. In the reverse battery error
condition, massive current can flow from the inputs of U21 through the input protection diodes and/or
substrate inside the CPUs integrated circuit. These resistors limit that current path to safe levels.
9.10.15.2 Power Shutoff Circuit

Refer to Figure 9-24, "Power Supply Circuit" (at the end of this section).
Fuse F1 protects the unit from excessive current draw. CR24 protects against large voltage transients
caused by ESD, EMI, etc.
Q15 is a dual-channel FET; the drain of Q15 part 2 (pin D2) is connected to battery ground; the gate
(G2) is connected to battery plus; and R155 applies a bias to the source (S2) so it will switch on when
a positive voltage is applied to G2. When batteries are correctly installed, Q15 part 2 is switched on
and conducts. If batteries are installed backward, Q15 part 2 switches off and disables current flow.
This protects the units power supply circuitry from an accidental reversal of battery potential.
9-23
Q15 part 1 controls the power supplies. When a logic high is placed on the gate (pin G1) signal,
PWR_ON battery ground is connected to the circuit and switched to ground via Q15 parts 1 and 2.
When the power control circuitry pulls PWR_ON low, switched ground switches to a high impedance
state. This action switches off the power supply and, therefore the unit, except for the power control
circuit.
9.10.15.3 Vcc Power Supply

Refer to Figure 9-24, "Power Supply Circuit,” at the end of this section.
The Vcc power supply is a switched inductor voltage regulator operating in boost mode (U22). The
power input is provided by the batteries (VBAT). NFET (Q17) operates as a linear post regulator.
The 1 M resistor (R77) operates as a static bleed device across the switched regulator when the
regulator is switched down. The regulated output is Vcc (5 V ± 5%).
9.10.15.4 Raw Power Supplies

The input to the raw power supplies is Vcc, which is a switched-capacitor voltage converter operating
in separate multiply and invert modes in conjunction with supporting circuitry. U23 inverts Vcc and
outputs raw –5 V. Raw 10 V is derived by voltage doubling Vcc with CR14, CR19, CR20, and
CR78. Raw 12 V is derived by voltage tripling Vcc with CR15, Q8, Q9, C96, C81, R119, and R120.
The raw power supplies are used as bias supplies for the SpO2 analog section and are not tightly
regulated. The normal operating range of the raw power supplies are:
raw –5.0 V = –6.0 V to –4.0 V
raw 10.0 V = 7.5 V to 11.0 V
raw 12.0 V = 12.0 V to 15.0 V
9.10.15.5 High Voltage Supply

The input power for the high voltage supply is provided by the batteries (VBAT). The high voltage
supply is a switched-inductor voltage regulator (U26) that operates in conjunction with a capacitive
voltage doubler to output 72 VDC ± 5%. To protect against a runaway voltage condition, CR25
clamps U26's output to a safe level.
9.10.16 Analog Reference Voltage
The analog reference voltage circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-26.
9-24
VREF
TP60
U32
R123 R124
2 6
RAW10V VIN VOUT
182 4 5
GND TRIM 1
C95 C12
22UF LT1021 C6 22UF
0.1UF
TP70
GND
R161
Q23
2N3904
10K
+5.7
Q24
VREF 2N3904
+12V
R121
RAW12V TP61
221
C91
C80 22UF
0.1UF
-5V
R122
RAW-5V TP62
221 C93
C94 22UF
0.1UF
Figure 9-26: Analog Reference Voltage Circuit
U32 provides an accurate, regulated voltage that is used as the reference voltage for the A/D inside
the CPU. Filtering is provided by C6, C12, and R124. The voltage output VREF is 5 V.
9.10.17 Ambient Light
The ambient light circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-27.

LIGHT SENSOR
VCC
VCC
D8
VTB8442B
Q8
MMBTA13L TP72
R68
2.2M
R136
33.2K C63
.01UF
Ambient
Light
Figure 9-27: Ambient Light Circuit
Diode D8 is a photodiode that is used to measure ambient light. Q8, R68, and R136 provide current
gain for D8 photocurrent. The amplified photocurrent flowing through R136 creates a voltage drop,
which is measured by the CPU. The CPU continually monitors the light source output at
AMB_LIGHT (TP72). Under low ambient light conditions, the CPU automatically switches on the
display backlight.
9.10.18 Ambient Temperature
The ambient temperature circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-28.
9-25
TEMP SENSOR
U5
1
VCC VCC
2 PR_TEMP
TEMP
3
GND C115
LM35 0.1uF
Figure 9-28: Ambient Temperature Circuit
U5 is a precision-temperature sensor. It outputs (PR_TEMP) a voltage proportional to the ambient

temperature, which is 10 mV per degree centigrade. For example, at a room temperature of 25 °C, the
U5 output would be 250 mV. U5 is used whenever an optional printer is installed. Because the printer
is a thermal printer, ambient temperature must be compensated for.
9.10.19 Battery Voltage
The battery voltage circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-29.

VBAT TP73
R69
15.8K
BATTERY 1%
BAT_VOLT
VOLTAGE
SENSE R70
47.5K C62
1% .01UF
Figure 9-29: Battery Voltage Circuit
The analog input voltage range of the CPU is 0-5 VDC. Because the battery voltage may be as high
as 6.2 V, R69 and R70 form a voltage divider to decrease the measured battery voltage to a usable
level. The gain is 0.75; thus, if the battery voltage was 6 V, then the voltage of BAT_VOLT would
be 6 ×0.75 which equals 4.5 V.
The software has the ability to determine when battery power is too low. If the software determines
that the battery voltage is too low to provide accurate information, the software generates an audible
signal and automatically switches the unit off. If an optional printer is installed, the battery voltage
data are used to compensate for battery voltage changes that can affect printout quality.
9.10.20 Battery Type
The battery type circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-30.

VCC
CR27
1N914
TP2 R100
VRECHARGE
TEST 15K
R101
150K
BAT_TYPE
N-20
AUX
PCB
Figure 9-30: Battery Type Circuit
The unit can operate with either disposable or rechargeable batteries. Battery type input is digital; a
high input informs the CPU that rechargeable batteries are in use. If rechargeable batteries are used,
9-26
the battery and the VRECHARGE terminals are mechanically connected. This applies the battery
voltage to VRECHARGE, pulling BAT_TYPE high. R100 and CR27 are a current-limiting resistor
and a voltage-clamping diode that are used to protect the input port from excessive battery voltage. If
disposable batteries are used, VRECHARGE is electrically isolated, which allows R101 to pull
BAT_TYPE input low.
The nominal voltages and voltage discharge curves are significantly different between rechargeable
and disposable batteries. In order for the CPU to predict how much "battery life" remains, the nominal
voltage and discharge curves must be known; the BAT_TYPE signal provides that information.
9.10.21 Printer Control
Printer circuitry is divided into two subsections: the printer interface and the printer flex circuit.
Printer interface circuitry is present on both models, but is disabled by software in the N-20.
• Printer interface circuit (auxiliary PCB)—This circuit detects the presence of the flex circuit,
and supplies power to the print heads and paper-advance motor. Noise generated by the printer
motor is filtered. The circuitry is protected from excessive battery currents by a fuse. The printer
interface circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-31 (at the end of this section).
• Printer flex circuit (N-20P only)—The printer flex circuit is added when the printer is present.
The printer generates a timing signal that is read by the CPU and sent to the flex circuit. This
circuit signals the CPU that a printer is present by connecting one CPU input to ground. Power
and power control signals from the auxiliary PCB generate an output load for a resistor array;
heat from this process produces a dot matrix pattern on thermal paper. The printer flex circuit is
illustrated in Figure 9-32.
9-27
SEIKO
MTP102-16
PRINTER
TO N-20 AUX BOARD
JP9 VPRN JP10

M+
1 1
M-
TG 2
TG
2 3
HM 4
HM
3 5
6
4
HEADER 6
DOT4
5
U1 JP11
6
8 11
PR_DOT6 INM OUTM 8
1 18 DOT6
7 IN0 OUT0 7
2 17 DOT5
PR_DOT5 IN1 OUT1 6
3 16 DOT4
8 IN2 OUT2 5
4 15 DOT3
PR_DOT4 IN3 OUT3 4
5 14 DOT2
9 IN4 OUT4 3
6 13 DOT1
PR_DOT3 IN5 OUT5 2
7 12 DOT0
10 IN6 OUT6 1
PR_DOT2 10 9 HEADER 8
11 VCC GND
PR_DOT1 LB1256
12
PR_DOT0
13 C3
PR_MOTOR 3300UF
14
15
Q1 ON OFF BUTTON
16
1 8 S1
PWR_ON S1 D1 R1
2 7
17 G1 D1
1K
3 6
18 S2 D2 C4
4 5
PR_PRESENT G2 D2 0.01uF
19
SI9956DY
ON_OFF ADVANCE BUTTON
20
S2
ADV R2
21
1K
DD
22 C5
0.01uF
22 HDR
DAY/DATE BUTTON
S3
R3
1K
C6
0.01uF
Figure 9-32: Printer Flex Circuit
User control is provided by momentary push buttons: ON (on/off), ADV (advance), and D/D
(day/date). ON enables or disables the printer, ADV controls the advance of printer paper, and D/D
sets date, time, and other clock parameters.
When a low battery voltage condition is present, the N-20 adjusts power to the printer's head;
however, a weak battery voltage condition causes the printer to shut off, thereby allowing the N-20P
to continue to display oxygen saturation and pulse rate readings until the batteries are exhausted. An
ambient temperature sensor adjusts printout quality to compensate for environmental conditions.
9.10.22 Printer Interface Circuit
The printer interface circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-31, at the end of this section.
9-28
The N-20 is configured in two ways, with printer and without printer. The following is a description
of the printer interface circuitry found on all N-20 auxiliary PCBs. The printer interface circuitry is
there regardless of the unit configuration; however, if the optional printer is not installed, this circuitry
serves no function.
The CPU reads the PR_PRESENT signal to determine if a printer is installed. With PR_PRESENT
left floating, it is pulled high by the weak pull-up resistor inside the CPU. If a printer is installed,
PR_PRESENT is connected to switched ground, which causes a low input to the CPU. The optional
printer circuit is protected from excessive battery currents by fuse F2. CR28 is used to block noise
generated by the printer motor being injected onto the batteries.
The N-20 printer is a 16-character–wide thermal dot matrix printer, which generates a CPU interrupt
for every dot column. The thermal energy given to the print head is controlled by the pulse width of
the active high signals PR_DOTx. In order to provide consistent print quality, the ambient
temperature, print drive voltage, and print head resistance must be measured and accounted for.
Inside the print head are seven resistors that heat up when power is applied, and in turn create dark
dots on the thermal paper. One lead of the print-head resistors is connected to the printer supply
voltage VPRN; the other lead is connected to the driver chip (see Optional Printer Flex Circuit with
User Controls). One of the print dot resistor leads (DOT4) is also fed back to the printer interface
circuitry. The DOT4 signal is a print dot resistor with a range of 11–16 ohms, which is connected to
VPRN.
The print head resistance is measured by U36. A two-level resistor bridge is formed by R143, R144,
R145, R146, and head resistor DOT4. The resistor bridge is switched on when PR_MEAS is pulled
high, pulling TP77 low and biasing the resistor bridge. The logic outputs of PR_HEAD1 and
PR_HEAD2 are read in by the CPU to determine which of the three head resistance categories this
particular head is R156, ensuring that Q20 does not switch on when the batteries are installed
backward. Due to the large current draw of the resistor bridge and the fact that the head resistance
does not change significantly over time, the head resistance is measured only once at every power-on.
The CPU starts the printer motor running by setting PR_MOTOR high. A single motor drives both
the print head and paper-advance mechanisms. The printer provides a printer timing generator (TG)
signal, which is an AC waveform of about 4 Vpp. Q19, R106, R142, and CR29 convert the AC
waveform to a CMOS level square wave; this signal (PR_TACH) is then used as a CPU interrupt line.
An interrupt routine services the printer, thereby producing the required dot patterns to create the
characters. C127 is used to filter noise.
The position of the print head is sensed by the signal PR_HOME. Whenever the print head is not in
the home position, a switch in the printer closes, shorting PR_HOME to switched ground. Whenever
the print head is in the home position, the switch opens, allowing R118 to pull PR_HOME high.
The print head dot pattern and pulse width are controlled by the CPU. The proper printer dot values
are loaded into the output port, then the proper pulse width is loaded into the CPU CAM for
PR_STROBE. The signal PR_STROBE enables the outputs for the specified pulse width. When the
PR_DOTX lines are high, a dot will be printed.
9.10.23 Printer Flex Circuit and User Controls
The printer flex circuit is illustrated in Figure 9-32.

The thermal printer is plugged in via connectors JP10 and JP11. The PR_PRESENT signal is
connected to switched ground to tell the CPU that a printer is installed. U1 is a Darlington pair driver
chip that is used to drive the printer dots and motor. When an input is high, the output is shorted to
ground, driving the output load.
Constant power (VPRN) and a power control line (PWR_ON) are provided by the auxiliary PCB. Q1
is used as a power control FET. Both halves are used in parallel to reduce the on resistance. When
9-29
PWR_ON is high, the sources (S1, S2) short to the drains (D1, D2), connecting ground to U1 and C3.
PWR_ON also controls the regulated power supplies; thus, Q1 and the power supplies are both
enabled and disabled at the same time.
The large bulk capacitor C3 is required due to the large current spikes that are required by the printer
and the large internal series resistance of disposable batteries. Bulk capacitance is required to lessen
the drop in battery voltage caused by the current spikes.
The N-20P has three additional user-control buttons. L8, L9, L10, C120, C121, and C122 provide
ESD protection. R103, R104, and R105 provide pull-ups when the user buttons are open. These
pull-up resistors are in the printer interface circuit to ensure that the buttons (ON, ADV, and D/D) are
never left floating, regardless of whether an optional printer flex circuit is installed or not.
The optional user controls consist of three momentary push-button elastomeric contact switches.
Pull-up resistors are provided by the printer interface circuitry. R1, R2, and R3 help protect the input
port by providing some current-limiting capability. C4, C5, and C6 debounce the switch contacts.
9.11 Support Illustrations
These illustrations, at the end of this section, support the descriptions within this manual.
Figure 9-8: LED Drive Circuit
Figure 9-9: Differential Synchronous Demodulation Circuit
Figure 9-10 N-20 HSO Timing Diagram
Figure 9-13: AC Variable Gain Control Circuits
Figure 9-19: Output Port Circuit
Figure 9-22: Display Control Circuit
Figure 9-24: Power Supply Circuit
Figure 9-25: Power Control Circuit
Figure 9-31: Printer Interface Circuit
Figure 9-33: N-20 SpO2 Analog Block Diagram
Figure 9-34: CPU Circuit
Figure 9-35: N-20 Main PCB Schematic Diagram
Figure 9-36: N-20 Auxiliary PCB Schematic Diagram
Figure 9-37: N-20 Flex Circuit Schematic Diagram
9-30
VCC PWM2
SENSOR PWM1
INPUT C55 LED DRIVE
R46
P1 VREF .1UF 10K
5 VCC
9 Q3 R45 U10 C60 R135
MMBTA56
4 TP45 12 14 6 3.74K R42
Q4 10K X0 X U9A
8 13 1 4.7PF 280K
MMBTA56 X1
3 L3 15 7
Y
7 2 8
Y0 LT1013 TP83
2 L4 1 4
Y1 Z
6 L5 2
R64 R53
1 5
C116 Z0
C117 C118 3
10K Z1 100K
Q1 8
DB9F VSS
100PF 100PF 100PF 6 C36 R43
INH C53
TP47 TP46 R48 11 7 .1UF 20K
MMBTA06 A VEE R50
10K 10 C39
B .1UF 182K
9 16
TP50 C VDD
4053 VCC .022UF
R51
C119 VREF
R52 TP84
22.1K
100PF TP48
R54 100K C37
6.8 R44
R18 Q2 .1UF 20K
6.04K MMBTA06 C38
R47
RSENS 10K Q5 TP77
2N3904 .022UF
TO CENTER MTG. HOLE
C5
.01UF C123 22PF
PHOTOI
IR/RED IR/RED
R49 CR12
OFF/ON
100K
1N914
R162 CR18
LED DIS
100K 1N914
RSENS
Figure 9-8
LED Drive Circuit
9-31
TP78
R159
88.7K
VREF +12V .1%
R63
7 5
2.0K
2 U35
6
R160
3 LT1097
51.1K
R23 R158
4 1 8 SAMPRED
88.7K SAMPIR
.1% OFF/ON
1M -5V
6 7
U6D
LTC201
12 U1D
VREF
14
13
LF444
C40 R2
390PF
1M
R17 C1 1
3.32K TP49
R26 82.5K RED
18PF 3 2
U6A 3.32K
+12V
LTC201 C24
R19
R1 .47UF
4 280K
182K C59
U1A 3 .047UF
11 R58 1 VREF
9
3.32K 2
VREF
LF444 R157 1
10 511K 6
U6C 1
LTC201 1 R27
C22 14 15 IR
-5V .047UF U6B 3.32K
LTC201
C25
TP44 .47UF
SENSOR
INPUT VREF
VREF
R57
P1 40.2K
5 L1
9
4
8 U9B
R56 3
3
7 5 PHOTOI
15.8K
2 4 LT1013
6 TP79
1
DB9F
Figure 9-9
Differential Synchronous Demodulation Circuit
9-33
OFF/ON
(HSO.1)
/SAMPIR
(HSO.2)
/SAMPRED
(HSO.0)
IR/RED
(P1.1) -60µS -60µS
µS 0 105.6 158.4 177.6 283.2 336.0 337.2 443.2 496.0 515.2 620.8 673.6
State Time 0 66 99 111 177 210 211 277 310 322 388 421
Figure 9-10
N-20 HSO Timing Diagram
9-35
VCC
LTC201 LTC201
5 U11B 2 U11A
16 1 REDLED/AV
1 3
From U2 pin 3 4
IRLED/AV
R20
REDDC
3.32K
C7
+5.7 R67 C61 .01UF TP54
4 3.32K .01UF
3 U7A
1 R29
REDAC
RED 2 3.32K +
LMC6044 C26 C27
C9 C28 .1UF .47UF TP55
1 1NF
.015UF 1
R30
100K
9 11 U3 C56
U11C 12 14 .01UF
LTC201 R28 R60 X0 X
13
X1
10 34.8K 3.32K 15
Y
VREF 2
R22 Y0
1 4 PWM1
Y1 Z
12.1K
10 U7C 5
Z0
8 3 TP56
Z1
R41 9 8
VSS
15K 6
INH
LMC6044 R40 11 7 C58
A VEE
TP85 47.5K 10
B .1UF
9 16
C VDD
TP57
4053 VCC
R36
REDLED/AV
100K PWM0
IR
R21 IRDC
C111 3.32K
R66 C8
C29 .01UF
3.32K .01UF TP58
.015UF
5 U7B
R33
7 IRAC
8 6
U11D
6
LMC6044
3.32K C30 +
C31
LTC201 .1UF .47UF TP59
7 C32 C57 R61
VREF .01UF 3.32K
R31
12.1K 1NF
/ZERO
R37 TP76 BUS

13 U7D TO CPU
34.8K 14
12
LMC6044
R5
15K TP86
Figure 9-13
AC Variable Gain Control Circuit
9-37
EX_OUT LSB
U18
AD0 2 19 DISP_DATA
D1 Q1
AD1 3 18 DISP_CLK
D2 Q2
AD2 4 17 RTC_CLK
D3 Q3
AD3 5 16 RTC_RST
D4 Q4
AD4 6 15 PR_MOTOR
D5 Q5
AD5 7 14 PR_MEAS
D6 Q6
AD6 8 13 BEEP_1
D7 Q7
AD7 9 12 BEEP_2
D8 Q8
EXOUTEN 11
CLK
1
OC
R132
150K 74HC574
TP82
TEST
EX_OUT MSB
U17
AD8 2 19 PR_DOT6
D1 Q1
AD9 3 18 PR_DOT5
D2 Q2
AD10 4 17 PR_DOT4
D3 Q3
AD11 5 16 PR_DOT3
D4 Q4
AD12 6 15 PR_DOT2
D5 Q5
AD13 7 14 PR_DOT1
D6 Q6
AD14 8 13 PR_DOT0
D7 Q7
AD15 9 12 RTC_IO
D8 Q8
EXOUTEN 11
CLK
PR_STROBE 1
OC R148
74HC574
R123 150K R149
VCC
150K R150 150K
150K R151
R152 150K
150K R153
R154 150K
150K
Figure 9-19
Output Port Circuit
9-39
DISP_POL DISPLAY DRIVERS
VCC
DISP_DL U19 JP2
24 17
VDD O1 1
VDISP 16
O2 2
15
O3 3
28 14
VPP O4 4
13
O5 5
12
TP80 O6 6
11
O7 7
10
TEST O8 8
9
O9 9
DISP_DATA 27 8
DIN O10 10 +70V
7 DISP_PHASE
O11 11
DISP_CLK 25 6
CLK O12 12
5
O13 13 R93
23 4
LATCH O14 14 182
3 1%
O15 15 +70V
22 2
POL O16 16 TALIQ COLD SWITCH
1
O17 17
18 44
DOUT O18 18 R113 Q14
43
O19 19 4.75K MMBT5401L
26 42
VCC SL O20 20 VCC
41
O21 21 C87
40
O22 22
39 VDISP
O23 23
38 R116
O24 24 390PF
37 10K
O25 25
20 36 Q12 C83
OSCIN O26 26 MMBT5551L
35
O27 27
21 34
OSCOUT O28 28 R115
33 Q13 R117 390PF
O29 29
32 2N3904 6.19K
O30 30 475K
31 Q21
O31 31
30 R114 MMBT5551L
O32 32
12.1K
19 29 HDR 32
GND BP
R95
SI9530 182
JP3 1%
VCC
1
U20
2
24 17
VDD O1 3
16
O2 4
15
O3 5
28 14
VPP O4 6
13
O5 7
12
O6 8
11
O7 9
10
O8 10
9
O9 11
27 8
DIN O10 12
7
O11 13
25 6
CLK O12 14
5
O13 15
23 4
LATCH O14 16
3
O15 17
22 2
POL O16 18
1
O17 19
18 44
DOUT O18 20
O19
43
21
DISPLAY PS CTRL
26 42
VCC SL O20 22
41
O21 23
40
O22 24
39 U34
O23 25
38 4
O24 26 SET1
37 2 5 DISP_POL
O25 27 D1 Q1
20 36 3 6
OSCIN O26 28 CLK1 Q1
35 RST 1
O27 29 RST1
21 34
OSCOUT O28 30
33 10
O29 31 SET2
32 12 9 DISP_DL
O30 32 D2 Q2
31 11 8
O31 CLK2 Q2
30 HDR 32 13
O32 RST2
19 29 14 7
GND BP
VCC VCC GND
SI9530
74HC74
EL DRIVE
JP5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
HDR 7
Figure 9-22
Display Control Circuit
9-41
BATTERY INPUT
TP3
BATT GND
TO CENTER MOUNTING HOLE
TEST
R155
10K
POWER SUPPLY
TP1 F1 VBAT R77
BATT PLUS
Q17
TEST 1.5A 1M 8
DRN
Q15 U22 2 7
R134 SRC DRN
4 5 C116 C117 C74 1 8 3 6
G2 D2 ILIM FB SRC DRN C76
3 6 C73 22UF 22UF 22UF
L1 150
R82 R84 5
S2 D2 CR24 DRN 100PF
0.1UF 2 7 100K 10K 4
TRANZORB VIN SET GATE VCC
2 7 120UH R85
G1 D1 10V 100K
1 8 3 6 SI9405DY C71
S1 D1 SW1 AO C72
22UF
SI9956DY 4 5 .1UF
SW2 GND
CR13 LT1173
C70 C118 C119 R86

130T3 31.6K
R83 RAW-5V
C75 28.7K
0.1UF 22UF 22UF 22UF
CR19
130T3 C78 CR20

+
RAW10V
U23
R120
.47UF 130T3 C125
14 3 CR14 22UF
V+ FB/SD 22.1K 2N3906 130T3
13 4
OSC CAP +
Q9 C81 CR15
12 5 C96
VREF GND RAW12V
2.2UF
11 6 Q8 .1UF 130T3 C79
VOUT CAP -
22UF
C82 LT1054CS R119 2N3904
22UF
C90 TP38
TEST
22UF C112
CR31 MURS110
+70V
U26 1UF R125
50V CR30 C92 390K
5 MURS110 2.2UF 1%
VIN
50V
L2 6 3 CR16 MURS110
120UH E1 FB
R96
7 2 C95 R126 C124
VSW VC CR25
3.32K C113 2.2UF 390K .1UF
8 1 5367A 4.7UF 50V 1% 100V
E2 GND
43V 10% 50V
C85
5W
LT1172 0.1UF
R127
14K
1%
Figure 9-24
Power Supply Circuit
9-43
Q15
6 8 VCON
LT1046
CR11
TP84
VBAT
VCC
TEST 1N914
TP72
C68
R102 0.1UF
15K TEST VCON VCON
U21
4
SET1
GO_BTN R78 2 5 PWR_ON
D1 Q1
150K 3 6
TO: N-20 1
CLK1 Q1
RST1
MAIN PCB R79
3.32K 10
TP83
TEST
C66 SET2
VCON 12 9
.01UF D2 Q2
JP18 L11 11 8 GO BTN
CLK2 Q2
GO_SW 13
1 RST2
R110
475K 14 7
2 VCC GND
TP71
C123 R81
TEST 74HC74
3
100PF 3.32K C110
4
C67 0.1UF
0.1UF TP73 JP9
5
TEST PIN 17
6
8
PWR_DOWN
9
Figure 9-25
Power Control Circuit
9-45
ON BTN
DD BTN
ADV BTN
PR_PRESENT
VPRN
U36B 11 R143
PR_HEAD1 13 14.0K
12
LT1017CS
TP78
TEST
VPRN
R146 R144
1 1.24K
4 59
5 TP79
U36A
PR_HEAD2 3 TEST
LT1017CS 4
R145
60.4K
VCC VPRN
6 TP77
TEST
R106 R142 Q20 TO PRINTER PCB

150K 2N3904 TP35 TP36 TP37
150K
TEST TEST TEST JP9
PR_TACH
Q19 VPRN 1
CR29
C127 TG
VCC
2
100pf 1N914 HM
2N3904 3
R118
150K
4
PR_HOME R141 DOT4
5
1K
PR_MEAS R147
VPRN 6
3.32K
R156 PR_DOT6
7
1K
PR_DOT5
8
PR_DOT4
9
PR_DOT3
10
PR_DOT2
11
PR_DOT1
12
PR_DOT0
13
PR_MOTOR
14
15
TP24 TP27 TP30

VPRN 16
TEST TEST TEST
TP23 TP26 TP29
PWR_ON 17
TEST TEST TEST
TP25 TP28
18
TEST TEST
PR_PRESENT
19
R104 L8
ON_OFF
VCC 20
150K R103 L9
ADV
VCC 21
R105 150K L10
DD
VCC 22
150K
22 HDR
TP31
TEST C122 C121 C120 TP32 TP34
TEST TEST
CR28 100PF 100PF 100PF
F2
TP33
VBAT VPRN
TEST
130T3 1A
C115
0.1UF
Figure 9-31
Printer Interface Circuit
9-47
SAMPIR
SAMPRED
PWM1
AC + DC
Input Signal
Conditioning Signal Gain AC Ranging
/ZERO
PWM0
Variable Gain Offset Variable Gain REDAC

Zeroing RED and Filter Subtraction and Filter
PWM2
Inverter
and
DMUX CPU
Current to PWM0
Voltage IR Variable Gain Offset Variable Gain IRAC
Conversion and Filter Subtraction and Filter
Sensor
AC + DC
RSENS
/ZERO
IR/RED
RED
OFF/ON
LED Drive LED DIS
IR
PWM0, PMW1, PWM2
Output
Figure 9-33
N-20 SpO2 Analog Block Diagram
9-49
VREF CPU
U31
13 44 PR_HEAD1
VREF T2CLK/P2.3
12 42 PR_HEAD2
ANGND T2RST/P2.4
REDDC 6 33 REDLED/AV
ACH0/P0.0 P2.6/T2U-D
REDAC 5 38 /ZERO
ACH1/P0.1 P2.7/T2CAPT
IRDC 7 24 PHOTOI
ACH2/P0.2 HSI0
IRAC 4 25
ACH3/P0.3 HSI1
RSENS 11 26 DISP_PHASE
ACH4/P0.4 HSI2/HSO4
AMB_LIGHT 10 27 PR_STROBE R137
ACH5/P0.5 HSI3/HSO5
BAT_VOLT 8 28 SAMPRED 10K
ACH6/P0.6 HSO0
PR_TEMP 9 29 OFF/ON
ACH7/P0.7 HSO1
PR_TACH 15 34 SAMPIR
EXTINT/P2.2 HSO2
14 35
GND HSO3
VCC 39 PWM0
P2.5/PWM0
37 32 PR_PRESENT
VPP P1.7/HOLD
ALE 62 31 IRLED/AV
ALE/ADV P1.6/HLDA
RD 61 30 PWR_DOWN RST
RD P1.5/BREQ
WR 40 23 PWM2
WRL/WR P1.4/PWM2
41 22 PWM1
WRH/BHE P1.3/PWM1
AD15 45 21 DISP_LATCH
AD15/P4.7 P1.2
AD14 46 20 IR/RED
AD14/P4.6 P1.1
AD13 47 19 LEDDIS
AD13/P4.5 P1.0
AD12 48
AD12/P4.4
AD11 49 10K R131 VCC
AD11/P4.3
AD10 50 43
AD10/P4.2 READY
AD9 51 63
AD9/P4.1 INST
AD8 52 64 RAMEN
AD8/P4.0 BUSWIDTH
AD7 53 3 NMI
AD7/P3.7 NMI
AD6 54 65
AD6/P3.6 CLKOUT TP4
AD5 55 17 RXD
AD5/P3.5 RXD/P2.1
AD4 56 18 TXD
AD4/P3.4 TXD/P2.0
AD3 57 2 EA
AD3/P3.3 EA
AD2 58 16 RST
AD2/P3.2 RESET
AD1 59 66
AD1/P3.1 XTAL2
AD0 60 67
AD0/P3.0 XTAL1
80C196KC R76 R75
C88 10K 10K
22PF Y2
C89 10MHz
22PF
RESET GENERATION
VCC VCC
R72 C65
100K
TP41
.1UF
TP42
RST R73
15K
Q22 CR10
1N914
2N3904
R156
15K
Figure 9-34
CPU Circuit
9-51
LIGHT SENSOR
VCC TO: N-20
SpO2 ANALOG DIGITAL SECTION

VCC
D8 AUX PCB
VTB8442B
R80 JP8
GO_SW
1
TP78 Q8
MMBTA13L TP72 221
2
R159 +12V +12V R68
2.2M S2 PR_HEAD1
88.7K
R136 GO BUTTON 3
VREF +12V C124 C125 +12V VCC 33.2K C63 PR_HEAD2
.1% 4
.01UF
.1UF .1UF VREF PR_STROBE
LTC201 LTC201 5
R63 TANT C122 C23
7 5 2 U11A
2.0K ACROSS U35 22UF 5 U11B TP75 PR_TACH
U35 6
2 -5V SUPPLY -5V TANT
6 .1UF ACROSS U11 16 1 REDLED/AV PR_PRESENT
R160 7
3 -5V -5V SUPPLY 1 3
LT1097 4 TP88 TP87
51.1K TP53 8
PWM2
R23 R158 4 1 8 SAMPRED VREF CPU PWR_DOWN
9
88.7K SAMPIR U31
.1% OFF/ON OFF/ON 13 44 PR_HEAD1 DISP_PHASE
VREF T2CLK/P2.3 10
+12V 1M -5V VCC U2 12 42 PR_HEAD2
ANGND T2RST/P2.4
16 9 IRLED/AV REDDC 6 33 REDLED/AV DISP_POL
VDD C ACH0/P0.0 P2.6/T2U-D 11
10 R39 R20 REDAC 5 38 /ZERO
C35 B ACH1/P0.1 P2.7/T2CAPT
C21 8 7 11 C13 REDDC IRDC 7 24 PHOTOI DISP_DL
VEE A ACH2/P0.2 HSI0 12
22UF 6 47.5K TP81 3.32K IRAC 4 25
.1UF INH ACH3/P0.3 HSI1
TANT 6 7 8 R67 C7 RSENS 11 26 DISP_PHASE
ACROSS U6 U6D
VSS
Z1
3 .12UF
+5.7 C61 .01UF TP54 AMB_LIGHT 10
ACH4/P0.4
ACH5/P0.5
HSI2/HSO4
HSI3/HSO5
27 PR_STROBE R137 TALIQ PS CTRL RAW10V 13
-5V SUPPLY LTC201 5 R6 C16 BAT_VOLT 8 28 SAMPRED 10K
Z0 4 ACH6/P0.6 HSO0 RAW12V 14
3.32K .01UF PR_TEMP 9 29 OFF/ON
U1D U7A ACH7/P0.7 HSO1
12 4 1 C126 100K 3 R29 PR_TACH 15 34 SAMPIR
VREF Z Y1 U4C EXTINT/P2.2 HSO2 RAW-5V 15
14 2 Q6 220PF .12UF 11 1 REDAC 14 35 U34
Y0 U4D GND HSO3
13 15
Y C33 VREF
15 R9 R8 10 2 3.32K + VCC
P2.5/PWM0
39 PWM0 4
SET1 16
LF444 13 R7 16 12 LMC6044 C26 C27 37 32 PR_PRESENT 2 5 DISP_POL
X1 2N3906 VPP P1.7/HOLD D1 Q1
R2 14 12 14 100K 100K OP490SO C9 C28 .1UF .47UF TP55 ALE 62 31 IRLED/AV 3 6
C40 X X0 1NF U1C 1 ALE/ADV P1.6/HLDA CLK1 Q1 VCC 17
9 100K OP490SO .015UF 1 1NF RD 61 30 PWR_DOWN RST 1
390PF RD P1.5/BREQ RST1
1M C1 4053 R25 8 C14 TP89 CR1 VREF R30 WR 40 23 PWM2
R17 18PF C15 WRL/WR P1.4/PWM2 VBAT 18
TP49 1 10 41 22 PWM1 10
3.32K P1.3/PWM1 SET2
R26 82.5K LF444 .068UF 100K AD15 45 21 DISP_LATCH 12 9 DISP_DL
11 P1.2 D2 Q2 19
3 2 TP51 .068UF 1N914 9 U3 C56 AD14 46 20 IR/RED 11 8
P1.1 CLK2 Q2
U6A U11C 12 14 .01UF AD13 47 19 LEDDIS 13
+12V R19 3.32K R28 R60 X0 X P1.0 RST2 20
LTC201 C24 CR3 LTC201 13 AD12 48
R1 280K TP52 X1
C127 +12V 1N914 10 34.8K 3.32K 15 AD11 49 10K R131 VCC 14 7 20 HDR
4 C59 .47UF Y VCC VCC GND
182K Q7 220PF R11 C18 R22 VREF 2 AD10 50 43
U1A .047UF Y0 READY
11 3 1 4 PWM1 AD9 51 63 74HC74
9 R58 VREF Y1 Z INST
1 VREF 100K 12.1K AD8 52 64 RAMEN
3.32K 2N3906 4 100K U7C BUSWIDTH
2 C34 1NF .12UF 5 AD7 53 3 NMI
VREF U4A Z0 NMI
LF444 1 2 8 3 TP56 AD6 54 65
10 R157 R24 U1B Z1 CLKOUT TP4
U6C 511K 6 6 R10 1 R41 8 AD5 55 17 RXD
1 VSS RXD/P2.1 TP66
LTC201 1 R27 82.5K 7 3 C19 15K 6 AD4 56 18 TXD
INH C58 TXD/P2.0
C22 14 15 5 100K OP490SO .12UF LMC6044 R40 11 7 AD3 57 2 EA VCC JP1
-5V LF444 R12 TP85 A VEE EA
.047UF U6B 3.32K 47.5K 10 AD2 58 16 RST L6 BEAD
1 B .1UF RESET 1
LTC201 C17 100K 9 16 AD1 59 66 TXD
SENSOR TP44 VCC
C25
.47UF R135
.068UF
3 C VDD TP57 AD0 60
XTAL2
XTAL1
67 TP65 RXD
2
3
SERIAL DATA
4053 VCC L7 BEAD
3.57K Q25 4
-5V R76 R75
INPUT C55 LED DRIVE 2N3906
OFF/ON
R36
REDLED/AV C88 10K 10K R128
C121
4 HDR PORT
R46 VREF 6 U4B PWM0 10K C120
100K
P1 VREF .1UF 10K 7
L1 R21
5 VCC 5 IRDC 22PF Y2 100PF 100PF
Q3 R45 C60
9 L2 U10 OP490SO C111 C89 10MHz
MMBTA56 3.32K
4 TP45 Q4 12 14 6 R42 .01UF R66 C8
10K X0 X U9A 4.7PF
8 13 1 280K C29 3.32K .01UF TP58
MMBTA56 X1 VREF U7B
L-8 3 L3 15 7 .015UF 5 R33 22PF JP7
Y
7 2 8 CR2 7 IRAC
Y0 TP83 1
C+31
2 L4 1 4 LT1013 8 6 6 3.32K C30
Y1 Z
6 L5 R64 2 R53 1N914 U11D LMC6044
.068UF 2
1 5 LTC201 .1UF .47UF TP59
C116 C117 C118 Z0
3 TP90 7 C32 C57 R61 AD15
10K
Q1 Z1
VSS
8
100K
C20 R31 VREF .01UF 3.32K RESET GENERATION 3
100PF 100PF 100PF 6 R43 AD14
DB9F INH C53 CR4 4
TP47 TP46 MMBTA06 R48 11 7 C36 20K 1NF
10K 10
A
B
VEE
C39 .1UF
1N914
12.1K
/ZERO ADDRESS DEMUX 8K X 8 SRAM VCC VCC AD13
5
9 16 .1UF U13 U14
TP50 C VDD R50 AD0 2 19 A0 A0 10 11 AD0 AD12
182K VREF D1 Q1 A0 D0 C65 6
R51 4053 VCC .022UF R37 AD1 3 18 A1 A1 9 12 AD1 R72
C119 U7D TP76 D2 Q2 A1 D1
VREF R52 TP84 13 R57 AD2 4 17 A2 A2 8 13 AD2 TP41 100K AD11
D3 Q3 A2 D2 7
22.1K 34.8K 14 40.2K AD3 5 16 A3 A3 7 15 AD3 .1UF
D4 Q4 A3 D3
100PF TP48 R54 100K 12 AD4 6 15 A4 A4 6 16 AD4 AD10
D5 Q5 A4 D4 TP42 8
6.8 C37 R44 LMC6044 AD5 7 14 A5 A5 5 17 AD5
Q2 D6 Q6 A5 D5
R18 .1UF 20K R5 U9B AD6 8 13 A6 A6 4 18 AD6 RST R73 AD9
D7 Q7 A6 D6 9
6.04K MMBTA06 C38 15K AD7 9 12 A7 A7 3 19 AD7 475K
TP86 R56 D8 Q8 A7 D7
0.1% R47 3 A8 25 AD8
TP77 A8 10
RSENS 10K Q5 5 PHOTOI ALE 11 A9 24 Q22 CR10
15.8K C A9
2N3904 .022UF 4 1 A10 21 1N914 AD7
LT1013 OC A10 2N3904 11
TO CENTER MTG. HOLE TP79 A11 23
TP39 A11
C5 C123 22PF 74HC573 A12 2 VCC R156 AD6
A12 12
.01UF R108 475K
TP80
10K RAMEN 20 AD5
CS1 13
IR/RED IR/RED 26 R133
CS2
VREF R49 CR12 WR 27 10K AD4
WE 14
OFF/ON U33 RD 22
OE
TP60 AD8 2 19 A8 AD3
100K D1 Q1 15
U32 1N914 AD9 3 18 A9
R123 R124 D2 Q2
2 6 R162 CR18 AD10 4 17 A10 AD2
RAW10V VIN VOUT D3 Q3 16
182 4 5 1 LEDDIS AD11 5 16 A11
GND TRIM D4 Q4
C95 C12 AD12 6 15 A12 AD1
100K D5 Q5 17
22UF LT1021 C6 22UF 1N914 RSENS AD13 7 14 A13 TP43
D6 Q6
.1UF AD14 8 13 A14 AD0
D7 Q7 18
AD15 9 12 A15
VBAT TP73
D8 Q8
64K X 16 EPROM EXINEN
19
TP70 TP63 VCC ALE 11 A0 U15
C TP5
R161 GND 1 A1 A1 24 21 AD0 EXOUTEN
OC TP6 A0 O0 20
Q23 R69 A2 A2 25 20 AD1
TP40 TP7 A1 O1
2N3904 15.8K 74HC573 A3 A3 26 19 AD2 20 HDR
10K BATTERY 1% TP8
TP9
A4 A4 27
A2
A3
O2
O3
18 AD3 ADDRESS DECODING
C11 C50 C51 C52 C48 C49 C102 C105 C106 C107 C108 C109 BAT_VOLT R109 A5 A5 28 17 AD4
Q24
+5.7
22UF 22UF 22UF VOLTAGE 10K TP10
TP11
A6 A6 29
A4
A5
O4
O5
16 AD5 U28 TO: N-20
.1UF .1UF .1UF .1UF .1UF .1UF .1UF .1UF .1UF R70 A7 A7 30 15 AD6 1 15
VREF 2N3904
SENSE 47.5K C62 TP12 A8 A8 31
A6 O6
14 AD7 WR 2
A Y0
14
1% .01UF TP13
TP14
A9 A9 32
A7
A8
O7
O8
11 AD8 RD 3
B
C
Y1
Y2
13 AUX PCB
A10 A10 35 10 AD9 12
TP15 A9 O9 Y3
+12V A11 A11 36 9 AD10 11
TP16 A10 O10 Y4
TP64 A12 A12 37 8 AD11 A10 6 10 DC00-DFFF
R121 TP17 A11 O11 G1 Y5
A13 A13 38 7 AD12 4 9
RAW12V TP61 TP18 A12 O12 G2A Y6
221 A14 A14 39 6 AD13 5 7
TP19 A13 O13 G2B Y7
C91 A15 A15 40 5 AD14
TP20 A14 O14
C80 22UF 41 4 AD15 74HC138
A15 O15
.1UF
TEMP SENSOR TP21
ROMEN ROMEN 3
CE
RD RD 22 A12 U30A
TP22 OE
U5 2 A13 1 E000-FFFF
VCC VPP
-5V 1 43 A14 2 12 RAMEN
VCC VCC VCC PGM
R122 A15 13
2 PR_TEMP 27C1024L
RAW-5V TP62 TEMP
74HC10 TP74
221 C93 3 U30B
GND
C94 22UF C115 A14 3 U30C
.1UF LM35 .1uF A15 4 6 9 0000-DBFF
A11 5 10 8 ROMEN
11
74HC10
74HC10
TP71
10K
NOTES: R134
1. ALL RESISTORS 1/8W 1% UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED. VCC
Figure 9-35
Main PCB Schematic Diagram
9-53
BATTERY INPUT
TP3
BATT GND
TO CENTER MOUNTING HOLE
TEST R155
TP1 F1
10K
VBAT POWER SUPPLY R77
BATT PLUS
Q17
TEST 1.5A 1M 8
DRN
Q15 R134 U22 2 7
SRC DRN
VCC 4 5 C116 C117 C74 1 8 3 6
G2 D2 ILIM FB SRC DRN
3 6 C73 22UF 22UF 22UF L1 150 R82 R84 5
S2 D2 CR24 DRN
.1UF 2 7 100K 10K 4
CR27 TRANZORB VIN SET GATE C76 VCC
2 7 120UH R85
1N914 G1 D1 10V
1 8 3 6 SI9405DY 100K 100PF
S1 D1 SW1 AO C71
C72
SI9956DY 4 5 .1UF 22UF
TP2 R100 SW2 GND
VRECHARGE
LT1173
TEST 15K
R101 C119 R86
C70 C118
150K BAT_TYPE VCON R83 31.6K
C75 28.7K
TP84 .1UF 22UF 22UF 22UF
6 2
3
TEST
C68 RAW-5V
8 .1UF
LT1046
VCC
TP72
R102 C78
+
15K TEST VCON VCON
RAW10V
U21 U23 R120
TO: N-20 4
SET1
.47UF C125
GO_BTN R78 2 5 PWR_ON 14 3 22UF
D1 Q1 V+ FB/SD
150K 3 6 22.1K
MAIN PCB 1
CLK1
RST1
Q1
13
OSC CAP +
4
R79 TP83 C81
3.32K 10 TEST 12 5 C96
SET2 VREF GND RAW12V
C66 VCON 12 9 2.2UF
D2 Q2
JP18 L11 .01UF 11 8 11 6 .1UF C79
CLK2 Q2 VOUT CAP -
GO_SW 13 22UF
1 RST2
R110 C82 LT1054CS R119
475K 14 7 22UF
2 VCC GND TP38
TP71 R81 C90
C123 22.1K C112 TEST
PR_HEAD1 TEST 74HC74
3 1UF
100PF 3.32K C110 50V
PR_HEAD2 22UF
4 JP9
C67 .1UF
PIN 17 +70V
PR_STROBE .1UF TP73
5
TEST U26 R125
PR_TACH C92 390K
6 CR30
5 2.2UF 1%
VIN MURS110
PR_PRESENT 50V
7 L2 6 3
120UH E1 FB
8 R96
7 2 C95 R126 C124
VSW VC CR25
PWR_DOWN C113 2.2UF 390K .1UF
9 3.32K
8 1 5367A 4.7UF 50V 1% 100V
E2 GND
DISP_PHASE 43V 10% 50V
10 C85 5W
DISP_POL TALIQ DRIVERS VCC LT1172 .1UF
11
VCC CHECK BATTERY
DISP_DL U19 JP2 R127
12
24 17 R71 14K +70V
VDD O1 1
VDISP 16 150K DISP_PHASE 1%
13 RAW10V O2 2
15 TP88 R74 L12 TP81
O3 3
28 14 BAT_BTN R93
14 RAW12V VPP O4 4
13 182
O5 5
TP80 12 TEST 1K C126 TEST +70V 1%
15 RAW-5V O6 6
11 C64 TALIQ COLD SWITCH
O7 7 100PF
10 SW1 .01UF
16 VCC O8 8
TEST 9 R113 Q14
O9 9
DISP_DATA 27 8 4.75K MMBT5401L
17 DIN O10 10 VCC
7 PR_PRESENT C87
O11 11
DISP_CLK 25 6 390PF
18 VBAT CLK O12 12 VDISP
5 VPRN
O13 13
23 4 EX_IN INPUT PORT R116
19 LATCH O14 14
3 Q12 10K
O15 15 U36B
22 2 U16 11 R143 TP78 MMBT5551L
20 POL O16 16 C83
1 AD0 19 2 GO_BTN PR_HEAD1 13 14.0K TEST
O17 17 Q1 D1 390PF
20 HDR 18 44 AD1 18 3 12 R115
DOUT O18 18 Q2 D2
43 AD2 17 4 ON_OFF_BTN LT1017CS Q13
O19 19 Q3 D3 R117
26 42 AD3 16 5 DD_BTN 2N3904
VCC SL O20 20 Q4 D4 475K 6.19K
JP17 41 AD4 15 6 ADV_BTN VPRN Q21
O21 21 Q5 D5 R144
40 AD5 14 7 PR_HOME R146 R114 MMBT5551L
1 O22 22 Q6 D6 1.24K
39 AD6 13 8 BAT_TYPE 12.1K
O23 23 Q7 D7 1
38 AD7 12 9 RTC_IO
2 O24 24 Q8 D8 4
37 59 TP79 R95
O25 25 U36A TEST
AD15 20 36 11 5 182
3 OSCIN O26 26 C VCC
35 1 PR_HEAD2 3 1%
O27 27 OC
AD14 21 34 4
4 OSCOUT O28 28 R145
33 EXINEN 74HC573 LT1017CS
O29 29 60.4K
AD13 32
5 O30 30
31 VCC VPRN 6
O31 31
AD12 30
6 O32 32 TP77
R106 R142 TEST
AD11 19 29 HDR 32 TO PRINTER PCB
7 GND BP
150K 150K Q20 TP35 TP36 TP37
AD10 SI9530 EX_OUT LSB 2N3904 TEST TEST TEST JP9
8
JP3 PR_TACH
Q19 VPRN 1
AD9 VCC U18
9 1 C127
U20 AD0 2 19 DISP_DATA VCC TG
2 D1 Q1 2
AD8 24 17 AD1 3 18 DISP_CLK
10 VDD O1 3 D2 Q2
16 AD2 4 17 RTC_CLK 100pf 2N3904 HM
O2 4 D3 Q3 3
AD7 15 AD3 5 16 RTC_RST R118
11 O3 5 D4 Q4
28 14 AD4 6 15 PR_MOTOR 150K
VPP O4 6 D5 Q5 4
AD6 13 AD5 7 14 PR_MEAS
12 O5 7 D6 Q6 R141
12 AD6 8 13 BEEP_1 PR_HOME DOT4
O6 8 D7 Q7 5
AD5 11 AD7 9 12 BEEP_2 1K
13 O7 9 D8 Q8 R147
10 PR_MEAS
O8 10 VPRN 6
AD4 9 EXOUTEN 11 3.32K
14 O9 11 CLK R156
27 8 1 PR_DOT6
DIN O10 12 OC 1K 7
AD3 7
15 O11 13 R132
25 6 74HC574 BZ1 PR_DOT5
CLK O12 14 150K 8
AD2 5 TP74
16 O13 15
23 4 TP82 PR_DOT4
LATCH O14 16 9
AD1 3 TEST
17 O15 17
22 2 TP75 TEST PR_DOT3
POL O16 18 10
AD0 1 EX_OUT MSB TEST AT17
18 O17 19
18 44 U17 BEEPER PR_DOT2
DOUT O18 20 11
EXINEN 43 AD8 2 19 PR_DOT6
19 O19 21 D1 Q1
26 42 AD9 3 18 PR_DOT5 PR_DOT1
VCC SL O20 22 D2 Q2 12
EXOUTEN 41 AD10 4 17 PR_DOT4
20 O21 23 D3 Q3
40 AD11 5 16 PR_DOT3 PR_DOT0
O22 24 D4 Q4 13
20 HDR 39 AD12 6 15 PR_DOT2
O23 25 D5 Q5
38 AD13 7 14 PR_DOT1 PR_MOTOR
O24 26 D6 Q6 14
37 AD14 8 13 PR_DOT0
TO: N-20 20
OSCIN
O25
O26
36
27
28
AD15 9
D7
D8
Q7
Q8
12 RTC_IO
15
35
O27 29
21 34 EXOUTEN 11 TP24 TP27 TP30
MAIN PCB OSCOUT O28
O29
33
30
31
PR_STROBE 1
CLK
OC R148
TEST TEST TEST
VPRN 16
32 TP23 TP26 TP29
O30 32 PWR_ON 17
31 74HC574 TEST TEST TEST
O31 R123 150K R149
30 HDR 32 TP25 TP28
O32 VCC 18
150K TEST TEST
R150 150K
19 29 PR_PRESENT
GND BP 19
L8
SI9530 VCC REAL TIME CLOCK 150K R151
VCC
R104
ON_OFF
20
150K L9
R152 150K R103
ADV
VCC 21
150K L10
150K R153 R105
DD
TP86 VCC 22
R154 150K 150K
TEST 22 HDR
150K TP31
TEST C122 C121 C120 TP32 TP34
U29 TEST TEST
EL DRIVE TP76 16 14 RTC_CLK TP85 F2 100PF 100PF 100PF
VCC SCLK
DIGITAL IC'S BYPASS CAPS TEST 3 12 RTC_IO TEST TP33
CR23 X1 I/O VBAT VPRN
JP5 5 TEST
X2 TP87
VCC C114 8 9 RTC_RST 1A
1 GND RST
1N914 TEST C115
2
.1uF Y1 DS1202S .1UF
3
C97 C98 C99 C100 C101 4
C49
5
.1UF .1UF .1UF .1UF .1UF 22UF 32.768KHz
6 R163
7
3.32K
HDR 7
BT1
3V
Figure 9-36
Auxiliary PCB Schematic Diagram
9-55
TO N-20 POWER SUPPLY BOARD
JP9
VPRN JP10
M+
1 1
M-
2
TG TG
2 3
4
HM HM
3 5
6
SEIKO
4
HEADER 6
DOT4 MTP102-16
5
U1 JP11 PRINTER
6
8 11
INM OUTM 8
PR_DOT6 1 18 DOT6
7 IN0 OUT0 7
2 17 DOT5
IN1 OUT1 6
PR_DOT5 3 16 DOT4
8 IN2 OUT2 5
4 15 DOT3
IN3 OUT3 4
PR_DOT4 5 14 DOT2
9 IN4 OUT4 3
6 13 DOT1
IN5 OUT5 2
PR_DOT3 7 12 DOT0
10 IN6 OUT6 1
PR_DOT2 10 9 HEADER 8
11 VCC GND
PR_DOT1 LB1256
12
PR_DOT0
13 C3
PR_MOTOR
14 3300UF
15
Q1 ON OFF BUTTON
16
1 8 R1 S1
S1 D1
PWR_ON 2 7
17 G1 D1
3 6 1K
18 S2 D2
4 5 C4
G2 D2
PR_PRESENT 0.01uF
19
SI9956DY
ON_OFF ADVANCE BUTTON
20
R2 S2
ADV
21
DD 1K
22
C5
0.01uF
22 HDR
DAY/DATE BUTTON
R3 S3
1K
C6
0.01uF
Figure 9-37
N-20 Flex Circuit Schematic Diagram
9-57

Nellcor N-20 Pulse Oximeter - Service Manual PDF

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Service Manual

N-20/N-20P Portable Pulse Oximeter

1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 1-1

2 Routine Maintenance ...................................................................................................................... 2-1

3 Performance Verification ............................................................................................................. 3-1

5 Disassembly Guide ............................................................................................................................ 5-1

6 Spare Parts ............................................................................................................................................ 6-1

7 Packing for Shipment ..................................................................................................................... 7-1

7.1 General Instructions ........................................................................................................................... 7-1

8 Specifications ........................................................................................................................................ 8-1

9 Technical Supplement .................................................................................................................... 9-1

Figure 9-7: Printer Control Block Diagram....................................................................................................... 9-5

1.1 Manual Overview

1.2 Warnings and Cautions

1.3 Description of N-20 Portable Pulse Oximeter

The N-20/N-20P requires no routine maintenance, routine service, or calibration. If service is

2.3 Periodic Safety and Functional Checks

3.2 Required Materials

Durasensor Nellcor DS-100A

3.3 Performance Tests

3.3.1 Backlight Test

3.3.2 Battery Performance

N-20 (no printer) 37 hours with Alkaline batteries.

3.3.3 Power-Up Performance

During the next few seconds, the instrument:

3.3.3.1 How To Run the Self-Test

3.3.4 Printer Test

The following procedure applies to the N-20P only.

Hardware and software tests include the following:

3.3.5.1 Pulse Oximeter Tester

4. All indicators—OXYGEN SATURATION, PULSE RATE, PULSE SEARCH, LOW BATTERY,

3.3.6.2 Normal Operation

Connect a DS-100A Sensor to monitor.

Model: N-20 Serial:_____________________________

Description Pass Fail

Performance Tests _____ ____

Support Center Manager:___________________________________________________Date:____________

WARNING: Disassembly of the instrument exposes hazardous voltages. To avoid

4.1 How to Use this Section

4.2 Who Should Perform Repairs

4.3 Replacement Level Supported

4.4 Obtaining Replacement Parts

4.5 Troubleshooting Guide

Symptom 1: No response to Measure button.

Symptom 2: Pulse Search indicator appears for more than 5-10

Symptom 3: Pulse Search indicator appears after successful

Symptom 4: Dashes (– – –) appear in the display.

Symptom 5: Pr Err is displayed during the Power-On Self-Test (N-20P only).

Symptom 6: Err followed by a number appears on the display.

Symptom 7: Time or date is incorrect (N-20P only).

Symptom 8: Printer fails to operate (N-20P only).

Symptom 10: Paper mechanism jams (N-20P only).

4.6 Service Procedures

4.6.1 Installing Batteries

The following procedure applies to the N-20P only.

4.6.6 Replacing the DB-9 Connector

PRINTING LIGHTER (10% lighter than normal darkness)

Table 4-1: Microprocessor Error Codes

4.7.2 Category 2 — RAM Memory Errors

4.7.3 Category 3 — PROM Errors

4.7.4 Category 4 — I/O Port Errors

4.7.5 Category 5 — Reserved

4.7.6 Category 6 — Clock Errors

Performance Tests _

Support Center Manager:_______________________________________Date: