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In this section, the conservation equations for laminar flow in an inertial (non-
accelerating) reference frame are presented. The equations that are applicable
to rotating reference frames are presented in Chapter 2. The conservation
equations relevant to heat transfer, turbulence modeling, and species transport
will be discussed in the chapters where those models are described.
The Euler equations solved for inviscid flow are presented in Section 1.7.
(1.2-1)
Equation 1.2-1 is the general form of the mass conservation equation and is
valid for incompressible as well as compressible flows. The source is the
mass added to the continuous phase from the dispersed second phase (e.g.,
due to vaporization of liquid droplets) and any user-defined sources.
(1.2-3)
and and are the gravitational body force and external body forces (e.g.,
that arise from interaction with the dispersed phase), respectively. also
contains other model-dependent source terms such as porous-media and user-
defined sources.
(1.2-4)
where is the molecular viscosity, is the unit tensor, and the second term
on the right hand side is the effect of volume dilation.
For 2D axisymmetric geometries, the axial and radial momentum conservation
equations are given by
(1.2
-5)
and
(1.2-
6)
where
(1.2-7)
and is the swirl velocity. (See Section 1.5 for information about modeling
axisymmetric swirl.)