Architecture Structure - II

Lecture IX
AS - II Dr. P V Ramana
Dr. P V Ramana
1
 Suitable:
Indeterminate Structures

Basic assumption
The typical member can flex but the shear and axial
deformation are negligible
 Basic Idea

 The equilibrium equations for each node

in terms of the deflections and rotations

 Solve for the generalized displacements

 The structure is thus reduced to a

determinate structure
The displacement
Method works the
opposite way of Force
method. It first requires
satisfying equilibrium
equation for the
structure.

To do this the unknown

displacements are written
in term of loads by use
load – displacement
relations
 Sign convention
General Case +ve moment (anti-clockwise)
+ve  (anti-clockwise)

6EI AB
M AB  MFAB 
2EI
2 A B   2
L L
6EI AB
M BA  MFBA 
2EI
 A  2B   2
L L
Case 1  A ,  B  0,  AB  0, P  0

M AB L L M BAL 2L
0   
2EI 3 2EI 3
 M AB  2M BA

M AB M BA
A  L L
2EI 2EI
M AB L 4EI
A  M AB  A
4EI L

4 EI   A
M AB 
L
2 EI   A
M BA 
L
  B ,  A  0,  BA  0, P  0
Case 2

2 EI   B
M AB 
L
4 EI   B
M BA 
L
Case 3  AB ,  A   B  0, P  0

 M AB M BA
 0 L L
2 EI 2 EI
 M AB  M BA
 M AB L 2 L M BA L L
 AB    
2 EI 3 2 EI 3
 M AB L2
BA

 AB 
6 EI
 6 EI AB
M AB  M BA 
L2
AB
 P,  A  0,  B  0,  AB  0
Case 4
 6 EI AB
M AB  MFAB 
2 EI
2 A   B   2
L L
6 EI AB
M BA  MFBA 
2 EI
 A  2 B   2
L L
General Procedure
Step 1: Find out Fixed End Moments for each segment
For each segment, generate the two governing equations.Check the end
conditions to see whether one of the end rotations is zero or not (it is
not possible for both the end rotations and other deflection components
to be zero). If there are no element loads, the FEM term is zero. If there
are one or more element loads, use the appropriate formula to compute
the FEM for each element load and then sum all the FEMs. If one end of
the segment displace relative to the other, compute the chord rotation;
otherwise it is zero.
2 2
 Step 2: Write down Slope Deflection equations.
6 EI  AB
M AB  MF AB 
2 EI
2 A   B  
L L2
6 EI  AB
M BA  MF BA 
2 EI
 A  2 B  
L L2

Step 3: Apply Equilibrium equations at joint.

For each kinematic unknown, generate an
equilibrium condition using the free-body diagram

Step 4: Back Substitute unknown rotations and

displacements in step 2. Solve for all unknowns by
combining all the equations from steps 2 and 3. Now the
equations are entirely in terms of the kinematic unknowns.
 6 EI AB
M AB  MFAB 
2 EI
2 A   B   2
L L
6 EI AB
M BA  MFBA 
2 EI
 A  2 B   2
L L
  MFBA  3EI
M AB   MFAB    B   2  AB
3EI
 2  L L
M BA  0

Only for End Span with far end hinge or roller

support
Determine the moments at points A & B.
 B  0
A  0

 A   B  0 or  BA   AB  0
Step 1: Find out Fixed End Moments for each segment

AS II Dr P V Ramana 24
Step 2: Write down Slope Deflection equations.
A  0 B  0

 BA   AB  0
For member AB

2EI
M AB  60   2(0) 0  0  60 kN  m
6
2EI
M BA  60   0  2(0) 0  60 kN  m
6
AS II Dr P V Ramana 25
 Step 3: Apply Equilibrium equations at joint.
A  0 B  0

KI is zero, so structure is in equilibrium

Step 4: Back Substitute unknown rotations in step 2.

2EI
M AB  60   2(0) 0  0  60 kN  m
6
2EI
M BA  60   0  2(0) 0  60 kN  m
6

AS II Dr P V Ramana 26
Determine the moments at points A, B & C.

A  0 B  ?

C  0

 BA   CB  0
AS II Dr P V Ramana 27
Step 1: Find out Fixed End Moments for each segment

M FAB   M FBA  0
2 2
wl 6( 6)
M FBC    7.2kN  m
30 30
2 2
wl 6( 6)
M FCB    10.8kN  m
20 20
AS II Dr P V Ramana 28
Step 2: Write down Slope Deflection equations.
A  0 B  ?
 2 EI 3 AB 
M AB 2 A   B  L 
 MFAB 
L
 C  0 M  MF  2 EI   2  3 AB 
BA BA  A B 
 BA   CB  0 L  L 
For member AB
MFAB   MFBA  0

MAB 
2EI
0B 0 0  B
EI
8 4
2MAB  MBA
MBA 
2EI
02B 0 0  B
EI
8 2
AS II Dr P V Ramana 29
 A  0 B  ?

C  0
For member BC
6  6 2 2 EI wl 2
M BC 
2 EI
2 B  0  0    B  7.2 MFBC 
6 30 3 30
6  6 2 EI wl 2
M CB 
2 EI
 B  0  0     B  10.8 MFCB 
6 20 3 20
Step 3: Apply Equilibrium equations at joint.
EI 2 EI
 B    B  7.2  0
 M BA  M BC  0 2 3
6.17
B 
EI
AS II Dr P V Ramana 30
Step 4: Back Substitute unknown rotations in step 2.
6.17
M AB 
2 EI
0   B  0   0    B
EI B 
EI
8 4
M BA 
2 EI
0  2 B  0   0    B
EI
8 2 M AB  1.54 kN.m
6  6 2 2 EI
M BC 
2 EI
2 B  0  0      B  7 .2 M BA  3.09 kN.m
6 30 3
M BC  3.09 kN.m
6  6 2 EI
M CB 
2 EI
 B  0  0      B  10 .8
MCB  12.86 kN.m
6 20 3

AS II Dr P V Ramana 31
AS II Dr P V Ramana 32
Determine the internal moments in the beam at the
supports
– Support A; downward movement of 3mm &
+ rotation of 0.001 rad.
-Support B; downward movement of 12mm.
-Support C downward movement of 6mm.
EI = 5000 KN.m2
– Support A; downward movement of 3mm &
+ rotation of 0.001 rad.
-Support B; downward movement of 12mm.
-Support C downward movement of 6mm.
Step 1: Find out Fixed End Moments for each segment

M FAB   M FBA  M FBC   M FCB  0

Step 2 : Slope – Deflection Equation
 A  0.001 3
rad ;  BA  9 x10 m;  CB  6 x10 m 3


2 EI 3 AB  M  2(5000) 2(0.001)    3x9 
M AB  MFAB  2 A   B  L  AB
6  B
6000 
L 
2 EI  3 AB  M  2(5000) 0.001 2  3x9 
M BA  MFBA   A  2 B   BA  B 
L  L  6  6000 

2 EI 3 BC  2(5000)  3x6 

 2 B   C 
 MFBC  2 B   C  L 
M BC  6000 
M BC
L   6 
2 EI  3 CB  2(5000)  3x6 
 MFCB   B  2 C  M CB   B  2 C 
6000 
M CB 
L  L  6 
ep 3: Apply Equilibrium equations at joint.

M B  0  M BA  M BC  0
2(5000)  2.5 
 4 B   C   0
6  1000 

M C  0  M CB  0 2(5000) 
  2 
3 
 0
6  B C
1000 

 B  1.143 x10 3
rad
 C  2.07143 x10 3
rad

AS II Dr P V Ramana 36
Step 4: Back Substitute unknown rotations in step 2.

M AB 
2(5000) 
2(0.001)   B 
3 x9  B  1.143x103 rad

 6000 
C  2.07143x10
6 3
rad
2(5000)  3 x9 
M BA   0.001  2 B  
6  6000 
M AB  8.928kN.m
2(5000)  3 x6 
M BC   2 B   C  M BA  5.357 kN.m
6  6000 
M BC  5.357 kN.m
2(5000)  3x6 
M CB   B  2 C  MCB  0
6  6000 

AS II Dr P V Ramana 37
Determine the moments at points A, B & C. Support
B settle 0.08 m in downward y dir., EI=1000 kN.m2

A  0 B  ? M CB  24kN .m
Step 1: Find out Fixed End Moments for each segment

M FAB   M FBA  0; M FBC  M BC  24kN .m

AS II Dr P V Ramana 39
Step 2 : Slope – Deflection Equation

2 EI  3 AB 
M AB 
L 2 A   B  L   MFAB
2 EI  3 AB 
M BA    A  2 B    MFBA
L  L 
2 EI  3  0.08  EI
M AB 0   B  4   0  2  ( B  0.06)
4  
2 EI  3  0.08  EI
M BA   0  2 B   0  (2 B  0.06)
4  4  2
Step 3 : Equilibrium Equation Step 4 : Back Substitute
EI
 M BA  24  0  2 B  0.06 
48 M AB   ( B  0.06)
EI 2
 500(0.006  0.06)  27kN .m
24
B   0.03  0.006 M BA  24 kN.m
1000
M BC  24 kN.m
Determine the moments at points A, B & C.

AS II Dr P V Ramana 41
Step 1: Find out Fixed End Moments for each segment

2 EI  3 AB 
M AB  MFAB 
L 2 A   B  L 
2 EI  3 AB 
M BA  MFBA   A  2 B 
L  L 

2(24) 2
M FAB   M FBA    96k  ft
12
wl 12(8)
M BC   M CB     12k  ft
8 8
AS II Dr P V Ramana 42
Step 2: Write down Slope Deflection equations.

For member AB

2( 24 )2 EI
M AB 
2 EI
0   B  0     B  96
24 12 12
2( 24 )2 EI
M BA 
2 EI
0  2 B  0     B  96
24 12 6

For member BC

M BC 
2 EI
2( B )   C  0  12(8)

EI
2( B )   C   12
8 8 4

M CB 
2 EI
2( C )   B  0  12(8)

EI
2( C )   B   12
8 8 4
AS II Dr P V Ramana 43
Step 3: Apply Equilibrium equations at joint.

 M BA  M BC  0

 2 B   C   12  0
EI EI
  B  96 
6 4
 144
B 
M CB  0 EI
48
C 
  B  2 C   12  0
EI EI
4

AS II Dr P V Ramana 44
Step 4: Back Substitute unknown rotations in step 2.

2( 24 )2 EI
M AB 
2 EI
0   B  0     B  96
 144
24 12 12
B 
2( 24 )2 EI EI
M BA 
2 EI
0  2 B  0     B  96 48
24 12 6 C 
EI
M BC 
2 EI
2( B )   C  0  12(8)

EI
2( B )   C   12
8 8 4

M CB 
2 EI
2( C )   B  0  12(8)

EI
2( C )   B   12
8 8 4

M AB  108k  ft
M BA  72k  ft
M BC  72k  ft
M CB  0
AS II Dr P V Ramana 45
Step 2: Write down MODIFIED Slope Deflection equations.

For member AB

2( 24 )2 EI
M AB 
2 EI
0   B  0     B  96
24 12 12
2( 24 )2 EI
M BA 
2 EI
0  2 B  0     B  96
24 12 6

For member BC
3EI 3 12  8 3EI
M BC   B  0    ( B )  18
8 16 8
M CB 0

AS II Dr P V Ramana 46
 MODIFIED Slope Deflection
Step 3: Apply Equilibrium equations at joint.

 M BA  M BC  0  EI   3EI 
 6   B  96    8  ( B )  18  0
26EI
 ( B )  78  0
48
144
B 
EI

AS II Dr P V Ramana 47
 MODIFIED Slope Deflection
Step 4: Back Substitute unknown rotations in step 2.
2( 24 )2 EI
M AB 
2 EI
0   B  0     B  96
24 12 12
2( 24 )2 EI
M BA 
2 EI
0  2 B  0     B  96 B 
 144
24 12 6 EI
3EI 3 12  8 3EI
M BC   B  0    ( B )  18
M AB  108k  ft
8 16 8
M CB  0

M BA  72k  ft
M BC  72k  ft
M CB  0
AS II Dr P V Ramana 48
The side movement of the end of a column in a frame is called SWAY.
AS II Dr P V Ramana 53
 (No Sides-Sway Frame)
Determine the moments at points A, B, C,D

B  ? C  ?

 B   C

A  0 D  0
Step 1: Find out Fixed End Moments for each segment

M FAB   M FBA  M FCD   M FDC  0

5wl 2 5(24)8 2
M FBC   M FCB    80kN .m
96 96

AS II Dr P V Ramana 56
Step 2: Slope and Deflection Equation
For member AB
2EI EI
M AB  0   B  0  0   ( B )
12 6
2EI EI
M BA  0  2 B  0  0   ( B )
12 3

For member BC

2EI 5wL 2 EI
M BC   2 B  C  0    (2 B  C )  80
8 96 4
2EI 5wL 2 EI
M CB   B  2C  0    ( B  2C )  80
8 96 4
For member CD
2EI EI
M CD   C
2  0  0   0   (C )
12 3
2EI EI
M DC  C
  0  0   0   (C )
12 6
Step 3: Equilibrium Equation

 M BA  M BC  0

 EI   EI 
  ( B )     (2 B  C )  80   0
 3   4 
5EI EI 1
 B   C  80  0
6 4

 M CB  M CD  0
 EI   EI 
  ( B  2C )  80 
   (C 0
)
 4   3 
EI 5EI
 B   C  80  0 2 137.1
4 6  B  C 
EI
Step 4: Back Substitution
137.1
 B  C 
EI

M AB  22.9 kN .m
M BA  45.7 kN .m
M BC  45.7 kN .m
M CB  45.7 kN .m
M CD  45.7 kN .m
M DC  22.9 kN .m
 (No Sides-Sway Frame)
Determine the moments at points A, B, C,D, E

B  ?
A  0 C  ?

D  0
Step 1: Find out Fixed End Moments for each segment

2 2
wl 12(10)
M FAB   M FBA     100kN .m
12 12
2 2
wl 6(10)
M BC   M CB     50kN .m
12 12
M CE  6(3)(3 2)  27 kN .m; M FBD   M FDB  0

AS II Dr P V Ramana 61
Step 2: S D equation

For member AB
2E  2I  wL 2
M AB   0   B  0   0.4EI  ( B )  100
10 12
2E  2I  wL2
M BA  0  2 B  0   0.8EI  ( B )  100
10 12
For member BC

2EI wL 2
M BC   2 B  C  0   0.2EI  (2 B  C )  50
10 12
2EI wL2
M CB   B  2C  0   0.2EI  ( B  2C )  50
10 12
For member BD M BD 
2EI
 2 B  0  0  6.67EI  B
6
2EI
M DB   B  0  0  3.34EI  B
6

Step 3: Equilibrium Equation

 M CB  27

0.2EI  ( B  2C )  50  27
0.2EI  ( B  2C )  23
57.5
C   0.5 B 1
EI
  M BA  M BC  M BD  0

   57.5  
 0.8EI B 100   0.2EI   2B    0.5B    50    6.67EI B   0
   EI  
 57.5 
 0.8EI B 100   0.4EI B  0.1EI B   50    6.67EI B   0
 5 
 0.8EI B 100   0.3EI B  61.5   6.67EI B   0
1 767EI B  38.5  21.8
B 
21.8 EI
B 
EI from 1
 4 6 .6
C 
EI
Step 4: Back Substitution in step 2 M AB  108.7 kN .m
21.8 M BA  82.6 kN .m
B 
EI M BC  68 kN .m
from 1
46.6
MCB  27 kN .m
C 
EI M BD  14.6 kN .m
M DB  7.3 kN .m
AS - II Dr. P V Ramana 68