RA No. 8293 – Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines Sec. 121. Definitions.

. 121. Definitions. - As used in Part III, the following terms have the
following meanings:
Sec. 4. Definitions. - 4.1. The term "intellectual property rights" consists of: 121.1. "Mark" means any visible sign capable of distinguishing the
a) Copyright and Related Rights; goods (trademark) or services (service mark) of an enterprise and
b) Trademarks and Service Marks; shall include a stamped or marked container of goods;
c) Geographic Indications; 121.2. "Collective mark" means any visible sign designated as such
d) Industrial Designs; in the application for registration and capable of distinguishing the
e) Patents; origin or any other common characteristic, including the quality of
f) Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits; and goods or services of different enterprises which use the sign under
g) Protection of Undisclosed Information (n, TRIPS). the control of the registered owner of the collective mark;

Sec. 21. Patentable Inventions. - Any technical solution of a problem in any Sec. 172. Literary and Artistic Works. - 172.1. Literary and artistic works,
field of human activity which is new, involves an inventive step and is hereinafter referred to as "works", are original intellectual creations in the
industrially applicable shall be Patentable. It may be, or may relate to, a literary and artistic domain protected from the moment of their creation and
product, or process, or an improvement of any of the foregoing. shall include in particular:
(a) Books, pamphlets, articles and other writings;
Sec. 22. Non-Patentable Inventions. - The following shall be excluded from (b) Periodicals and newspapers;
patent protection: (c) Lectures, sermons, addresses, dissertations prepared for oral
22.1. Discoveries, scientific theories and mathematical methods; delivery, whether or not reduced in writing or other material form;
22.2. Schemes, rules and methods of performing mental acts, playing (d) Letters;
games or doing business, and programs for computers; (e) Dramatic or dramatico-musical compositions; choreographic
22.3. Methods for treatment of the human or animal body by surgery works or entertainment in dumb shows;
or therapy and diagnostic methods practiced on the human or animal (f) Musical compositions, with or without words;
body. This provision shall not apply to products and composition for (g) Works of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture,
use in any of these methods; engraving, lithography or other works of art; models or designs for
22.4. Plant varieties or animal breeds or essentially biological process works of art;
for the production of plants or animals. This provision shall not apply (h) Original ornamental designs or models for articles of
to micro-organisms and non-biological and microbiological processes. manufacture, whether or not registrable as an industrial design, and
Provisions under this subsection shall not preclude Congress to consider the other works of applied art;
enactment of a law providing sui generis protection of plant varieties and (i) Illustrations, maps, plans, sketches, charts and three-
animal breeds and a system of community intellectual rights protection: dimensional works relative to geography, topography, architecture or
22.5. Aesthetic creations; and science;
22.6. Anything which is contrary to public order or morality. (j) Drawings or plastic works of a scientific or technical
character;
Sec. 112. Definition of Industrial Design. - An industrial design is any (k) Photographic works including works produced by a process
composition of lines or colors or any three-dimensional form, whether or not analogous to photography; lantern slides;
associated-with lines or colors: Provided, That such composition or form (l) Audiovisual works and cinematographic works and works
gives a special appearance to and can serve as pattern for an industrial produced by a process analogous to cinematography or any process
product or handicraft. for making audio-visual recordings;
 (m) Pictorial illustrations and advertisements;
(n) Computer programs; and
(o) Other literary, scholarly, scientific and artistic works.
172.2. Works are protected by the sole fact of their creation, irrespective of
their mode or form of expression, as well as of their content, quality and
purpose.

Sec. 173. Derivative Works. - 173.1. The following derivative works shall
also be protected by copyright:
(a) Dramatizations, translations, adaptations, abridgments,
arrangements, and other alterations of literary or artistic works; and
(b) Collections of literary, scholarly or artistic works, and
compilations of data and other materials which are original by reason
of the selection or coordination or arrangement of their contents.
(Sec. 2, [P] and [Q], P.D. No. 49)
173.2. The works referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) of Subsection 173.1
shall be protected as new works: Provided however, That such new work
shall not affect the force of any subsisting copyright upon the original works
employed or any part thereof, or be construed to imply any right to such use
of the original works, or to secure or extend copyright in such original works.