The result shows that the tensile strength decreases with the increasing of the wire feed

rate, welding speed, and inter pass temperature at any constant value of welding voltage.
On the other hand, the tensile strength increases with welding voltage increases also at any
value of the wire feed rate, welding speed, and inter pass temperature.

Conclusions. - Increasing the heat input in the welding process by the welding variables
leaded to a welding joint which has less mechanical prosperities than the base metal
prosperities. - Increasing the heat input in the welding process by the welding variables
increase the heat accumulation during the welding process, increases the peak temperature
in the thermal cycles, and decreases the cooling rate. -The error due to two-dimensional
approximation in the heat transfer analysis of welding process thermal cycle is 10.7% for the
first and second pass, and 27% for the third pass. - Through the welding variables values
which give the optimum mechanical properties, it is easy to predict the quality of the joint
by following these values during the welding process. - The optimum mechanical properties
take place at inter pass temperature of 200º. - The optimum mechanical properties take
place at welding voltage of 35V. - The best mechanical properties take place at welding
speed of 6 mm/sec. - The optimum mechanical properties take place at welding position of
3G-up and 1G.

- Although the artificial porosity in the welded joint was accepted, the tensile and yield
strengths of the welded joint decreased with the increasing in the welding heat input. –

- For the steel plates of 10mm thickness the two dimensional temperature distributions may
be good approximation instead of the three-dimensional for the temperature distribution.

- For the steel structure field it prefer the gap between weld pass within 50sec it means for
the long welding joint it must be use more than one welding machine to keep the time gap
be constant-
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Welding current determines the rate at which the electrode is melted, base metal fusion
and dilution. Increasing the welding current, enhance the amount of filler metal, flux use,
penetration and weld reinforcement. When other parameters remain constant, high current
will lead to narrow bead with excess penetration which may result in melt ‘run-out’. Higher
current enhance the fluidity of molten metal and slag, which may tends to runout of the
joint. Additional reinforcement will enhance the weld shrinkage and can cause distortion. On
the contrary, low current will result in unstable arc and can cause weld defect.

Welding voltage which governs the length of the arc column, in turn controls the width of
the weld. High voltage increases the dilution of base metal and the flux consumption due to
wider weld bead. Therefore arc voltage is a key parameter in controlling chemical
composition.

Welding speed is inversely proportional to heat input, which usually control the bead width
and penetration. When all other parameters remain constant, increase in welding speed
produces narrower weld bead and increased cooling rate may result in hard micro structure.
Low welding speed results in a large molten metal which leads to increased flux
consumption and produces weld defect. The effective heat input can be determined on
process parameter such as voltage, current and welding head travel speed. For seam
welding, the heat input ( qw ) is determined by heat input per unit length (kJ-mm-1).

Based on investigation, the heat input 2.25 kJ/mm is the optimum parameter for SAW
process for E350BR to get desired mechanical properties,