Albert Einstein

Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist[5] who
developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum
mechanics).[4][6]:274 His work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science.[7][8] He is best
known to the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = mc2, which has been dubbed
"the world's most famous equation".[9] He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to
theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect",[10] a pivotal
step in the development of quantum theory.

Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton PRS FRS (/ˈnjuːtən/;[6] 25 December 1642 – 20
March 1726/27[1]) was an
English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author and physicist (descri
bed in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as
one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in
the scientific revolution. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia
Mathematica("Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy"), first
published in 1687, laid the foundations of classical mechanics. Newton also
made pathbreaking contributions to optics, and he shares credit
with Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for developing the infinitesimal calculus.
Thomas Edison
Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an
American inventor and businessman, who has been described as America's
greatest inventor.[1][2][3] He developed many devices that greatly influenced
life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera,
and the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The Wizard of
Menlo Park",[4] he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles
of mass production and large-scale teamwork to the process of invention,
and is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research
laboratory.[5]
Niels Bohr
Niels Henrik David Bohr RE (Danish: [nels ˈboɐ̯ˀ]; 7 October 1885 – 18
November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational
contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for
which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr was also
a philosopher and a promoter of scientific research.

Srinivasa Ramanujan
Srinivasa Ramanujan FRS (/ˈʃriːniˌvɑːsə rɑːˈmɑːnʊdʒən/;[1]
listen (help·info); 22 December 1887 – 26 April 1920)[2] was
an Indianmathematician who lived during the British Rule in India. Though
he had almost no formal training in pure mathematics, he made substantial
contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series,
and continued fractions, including solutions to mathematical problems
considered to be unsolvable. Ramanujan initially developed his own
mathematical research in isolation; it was quickly recognized by Indian
mathematicians. Seeking mathematicians who could better understand his
work, in 1913 he began a postal partnership with the English
mathematician G. H. Hardy at the University of Cambridge, England.
C. V. Raman
Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman[1] (7 November 1888 – 21 November
1970) was an Indian physicist born in the former Madras
Province in India presently the state of Tamil Nadu, who carried out ground-
breaking work in the field of light scattering, which earned him the
1930 Nobel Prize for Physics. He discovered that when light traverses a
transparent material, some of the deflected light changes wavelength. This
phenomenon, subsequently known as Raman scattering, results from
the Raman effect.[3] In 1954, India honoured him with its highest civilian
award, the Bharat Ratna.[4][5]
James Watt
James Watt FRS FRSE (/wɒt/; 30 January 1736 (19 January 1736 OS) – 25
August 1819)[1] was a Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer,
and chemist who improved on Thomas Newcomen's 1712 Newcomen
steam engine with his Watt steam engine in 1781, which was fundamental
to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great
Britain and the rest of the world.

Lise Meitner
Lise Meitner (/ˈliːzə ˈmaɪtnər/; 7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968) was
an Austrian-Swedish physicist who worked on radioactivityand nuclear
physics. Meitner and Otto Hahn led the small group of scientists who first
discovered nuclear fission of uranium when it absorbed an extra neutron;
the results were published in early 1939.[4][5] Meitner and Otto
Frisch understood that the fission process, which splits the atomic nucleus
of uranium into two smaller nuclei, must be accompanied by an enormous
release of energy. Nuclear fission is the process exploited by nuclear
reactors to generate heat and, subsequently, electricity.[6] This process is
also the basis of the nuclear weapons that were developed in the U.S.
during World War II and used against Japan in 1945.
James Clerk Maxwell
James Clerk Maxwell FRS FRSE (/ˈmækswɛl/;[2] 13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish[3][4] scientist in the field

of mathematical physics.[5] His most notable achievement was to formulate the classical theory of electromagnetic radiation, bringing

together for the first time electricity, magnetism, and light as different manifestations of the same phenomenon. Maxwell's equations for
electromagnetism have been called the "second great unification in physics"[6] after the first one realised by Isaac Newton.

Stephen Hawking
Stephen William Hawking CH CBE FRS FRSA (8 January 1942 – 14
March 2018) was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author,
who was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at
the University of Cambridge at the time of his death.[16][17] He was
the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge
between 1979 and 2009.