DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

IMPORTANT QUESTION BANK

SUBJECT CODE & NAME: EC6402 & COMMUNICATION THEORY
BATCH: 2014-2018
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2015-2016 (EVEN) DEPARTMENT: ECE

UNIT 1 – AMPLITUDE MODULATION

PART-A

1. What are the advantages of converting low frequency signal to high frequency signal?
2. Suggest a modulation scheme for the broadcast video transmission and justify.
3. Define modulation index of AM. Nov 2014
4. Compare linear and non linear modulators.
5. What are the methods used to generate the SSB-SC-AM?
6. Define VSB and bandwidth of VSB. May 2014,
7. Distinguish between single sideband and Double sideband.
8. Define modulation and mention its types.
9. What is pre-envelope and complex envelope?
10. Name the advantage of modulation.
11. Draw the power spectrum of AM.
12. Mention the relationship between carrier power and total power.
13. Compare low level and high level modulation.
14. List some application of SSB in AM?
PART-B
1. Derive the expression for amplitude modulated and explain any one method to generate and
demodulate it.
2. Explain the operation of balanced modulator to generate DSB-SC-AM.
3. With a neat block diagram explain the super heterodyne receiver and its performance. May’14,
May’11
4. Explain the filter and phase shift method to generate SSB-SC-AM generation.
5. Derive the expression for envelope waveform for AM and calculate power, current, efficiency for
the modulated wave. May’14
6. Explain the operation of envelope detector with a neat waveform. May’11
7. Derive the expression for SSB-SC and calculate power, current and efficiency.
8. Explain any two methods to generate DSB-SC-AM in detail. Nov’15

9. With a neat block diagram explain the modified phase shift method or weavers’ method to
generate SSB.
10. Explain the operation of balanced modulator and ring modulator to generate DSB. May 17
11. What is the need for VSB? Explain the generation of VSB (Filter method) and give its advantage
and application. May’17
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

12. Comparison of Amplitude Modulation system with AM, DSB, SSB and VSB. Nov’14

UNIT 2 – ANGLE MODULATION

PART-A
1. Define modulation index of frequency modulation.
2. Name the methods of detecting FM signal.
3. Illustrate relationship between FM and PM, with block diagrams.
4. State carson’s rule.
5. List the properties of Bessel’s function. Nov’14
6. Define phase locked loop.
7. What is the disadvantage of balanced slope detector? Nov’14
8. How FM can converted to PM wave.
9. Compare NBFM and WBFM. May’11
10. Give the transmission bandwidth required for FM.
11. Define frequency deviation.
12. What are angle modulation and its types?
13. What are the two methods to producing FM signal? May’11
14. Define the modulation index of PM.

PART-B
1. Derive an expression for a single tone FM signal with necessary diagram and draw its frequency
spectrum May’11
2. Explain the direct method of FM generation.
3. Explain the Armstrong method of FM generation with a neat diagram. May’14
4. With a neat diagram explain the operation of slope detector of FM. May11
5. An angle modulated wave is V(t)=100 Cos(2*106 Пt + 10 Cos 2000 Пt). Find power of
modulating signal, bandwidth and maximum frequency deviation. May’ 11
6. Explain the function of any FM detector circuit. May’14
7. Explain the working operation of balanced slope detector. May’11
8. Derive the expression for frequency modulation and phase modulation with a neat waveform.
9. Write about the basic principle of FM detection and explain about ratio detector.
10. Draw the circuit diagram of foster seely discriminator and explain its working with relevant
Phasor diagram.
11. Derive the expression for NBWM and WBFM and compare it.
12. Make atleast 10 comparison of AM and FM system. May’14
UNIT 3 – RANDOM PROCESS
PART-A
1. State central limit theorem.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

2. Write Einstein weiner khintchine relation.

3. What is auto correlation function?
4. Define random variable.
5. List out the condition for a process to be ergodic in mean.
6. What is shot noise?
7. List out the property of power spectral density.
8. List out the condition for a process to be ergodic in auto correlation function.σ
9. Define ergodic random process. May’13
10. What is Gaussian random variable?
11. Write the formula for cross correlation.
12. What is central limit theorem?
13. Define stationary process. May’11
14. List out the properties of correlation function.
PART-B
1. Give a random process X(t)=A Cos(ωt+ µ) where A and ω are constants and µ is a
uniform distribution random variable. Show that X(t) is ergodic in both mean and auto
correlation.
2. What is gaussian random process and mention its properties. May’14
3. When random process is said to be SSS, WSS and ergodic process.

4. Explain about central limit theorem in detail. May’12

5. Define the term mean, correlation, covariance and ergodicity.

Dec 11,12
6. Two random process x(t)=A Cos(ωt+θ) and y(t)=A Sin(ωt+ θ) where A and ω are
constants and θ is uniformly distributed random variable in (0, 2П). Find the cross
correlation function.
7. Define auto correlation and prove the auto correlation properties.
8. Explain in detail about the transmission of a random process through LTI filter.

9. When random process is said to be ergodic and wide sense stationary process.
10. Define PSD. Prove the properties of power spectral density.
11. State and prove the central limit theorem.
UNIT 4 – NOISE CHARACTERIZATION
PART-A
1. Two resistors of 20K, 50K is at room temperature 290°K. For a bandwidth of 100
KHz. Calculate thermal noise voltage generated by resistor connected in series.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

2. Define noise figure.

3. Give the definition of noise equivalent temperature.
4. Compare noise performance of DSBSC receiver using coherent detection with AM
receiver using envelope detection.
5. List out the various sources of noise.
6. What is threshold effect?
7. Define Thermal noise. May’11
8. What is capture effect in FM?
9. Define noise figure and express in equation.
10. What are the methods to improve FM threshold reduction? May’11
11. List out the properties of inphase and quadrature phase components of narrow band
noise.
12. What is Figure Of Merit?
13. Why the AM figure of merit is always less than 1?
14. Define narrow band noise.
PART-B
1. Derive the figure of merit for AM system. Assume Coherent detection.
2. Explain the noise in FM receiver and calculate the figure of merit.
3. Explain the envelope detection of AM system and calculate FOM.
4. Derive the formula for noise figure and noise temperature.
5. Discuss about narrow band noise interms of inphase and Quadrature noise
components.
6. Explain about pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in detail.
7. Explain the noise in DSB-SC receiver using synchronous or coherent detection and
calculate Figure of merit.

8. Derive the figure of merit for a non coherent detection receiver system noise
performance of AM.
9. Discuss about pre-emphasis and De-emphasis in detail. May’ 14
10. Explain the noise performance of FM system and calculate the figure of merit.Nov’11
11. Define noise and explain the various sources of noise. Nov’14
12. Assume the system in cascade; calculate the noise figure for a circuit connected in
cascade.
UNIT 5 – INFORMATION THEORY
PART-A
1. Define entropy function. May’11
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

2. Define rate of information or information rate. May’13

3. Mention the lossless data compression algorithms. May’11
4. State Shannon theorem. May’14
5. A source generates 3 messages with probability 0.5, 0.25, 0.25. Calculate entropy.
6. Express the equation for channel capacity with respect bandwidth and SNR.
7. List the properties of entropy?
8. Distinguish between lossless and lossy coding. May’12
9. Define rate bandwidth and bandwidth efficiency.
10. State Shannon channel capacity theorem or Hartley theorem.
11. What is channel efficiency?
12. Mention the properties of mutual information.
13. Define information theory and amount of information.
PART-B
1. For a DMS ‘S’ with 5 symbols construct a Huffman and Shannon fano coding and
also calculate the efficiency if the probability distribution is given as,
P(s1)=0.4,P(s2)=0.2, P(s3)=0.2, P(s4)=0.1, P(s5)=0.1.
2. A DMS has an alphabet of seven symbols whose probability are 0.25, 0.125, 0.25,
0.125, 0.125, 0.0625, 0.0625. Construct Shannon fano code and also calculate the
efficiency. May’14
3. Derive the Shannon Hartley theorem for the channel capacity of a continuous channel
having an average power limitation.
4. Explain how channel capacity could be improved. Explain the S/N trade off in detail.
May’14
5. Calculate the channel capacity for bandwidth B=10 KHz and SNR is 20. For the same
channel capacity, find the bandwidth, if the SNR is increased to 40. Comment on it.
6. A voice grade telephone channel has a bandwidth of 4000 Hz. If the SNR on the
channel is 30 dB, Determine the channel capacity.
7. A DMS has an alphabet of five symbols whose probability are 0.4, 0.19, 0.16, 0.15
and 0.15 Construct Shannon fano code and also calculate the efficiency.
8. For a discrete memoryless source with 5 symbols construct a Huffman and Shannon
fano coding and also calculate the efficiency if the probability distribution is given as,
s1=0.2, s2=0.4, s3=0.2, s4=0.1, s5=0.1. May’11 & 14
9. State the Shannon various theorem and explain. Nov’10
10. Write the properties of mutual information and prove two properties. NOV’11
11. State and prove entropy properties in detail. Nov 11
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

12. Explain the steps involved in Huffman and Shannon fano coding theorem. May’12

Prepared By, Approved By,

Faculty In-charge HOD/ECE