NON CONVENTIONAL POWERGENERATION (EE511OE)

Prepared by G. Raghavendra Reddy:ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

Solar, wind, tidal, hydro etc are few of the renewable resources of energy. The objective of this kind of
energy is to replace the use of fossil fuels which are mainly made of hydro-carbons and hence result
in pollution. Renewable sources of energy do not result in pollution and we can reuse them.
Prerequisites

Level Credits Periods / Week Prerequisites

Engineering Physics,
UG 3 4
thermal engineering,

COURSE ASSESSMENT METHODS:

University End Total
Session Marks (25M)
Exam Marks Marks
Continuous Assessment Tests (Midterm tests):
There shall be 2 midterm examinations. Each midterm
examination consists of one objective paper, one subjective
paper and four assignments. The objective
paper is for 10 marks and subjective paper is for 10 marks, with
duration of 1 hour 20 minutes (20 minutes for objective and 60
minutes for subjective paper).
Objective paper is set for 20 bits of – multiple choice questions,
fill-in the blanks, 10 marks. Subjective paper contains of 4 full
questions (one from each unit) of
which, the student has to answer 2 questions, each question
75 100
carrying 5 marks. First midterm examination shall be conducted
for 2.5 units of syllabus and second
midterm examination shall be conducted for another 2.5 units. 5
marks are allocated for Assignments. First two assignments
should be submitted before the
conduct of the first mid, and the second two assignments should
be submitted before the conduct of the second mid. The total
marks secured by the student in each midterm examination are
evaluated for 25 marks, and the average of the two midterm
examinations shall be taken as the final marks secured by each
candidate.

Expected Learning Outcomes and Methods for Assessing

Assessment
S.No Expected Learning Outcomes
Method
 Assignments
An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering, to
a Midterm and
understand different materials and their properties.
University exams
An ability to design a system, component or process to meet desired needs
Assignments
within, realistic constraints such as economic , safety, manufacturability and
b Midterm and
sustainability etc.., while selecting a material to manufacture the designed
University exams
components.
Assignments
An ability to identify the phases and their interrelationship in different alloy
c Midterm and
systems.
University exams
Assignments
A recognition of the need for, and an ability to engage in lifelong learning with
d Midterm and
the concepts of composite, ceramic and nano materials for practical application
University exams

S. No Component Duration Marks

1 I Mid Examination 2 Hours 20
2 I Assignment 5
3 II Mid Examination 2 Hours 20
4 II Assignment 5
MID Examination marks to be considered as average of above 2 MID’s
5 External Examination 3 hours 75
Total 75

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
1) To understand the role and potential of new and renewable energy source, the solar energy option,
Environmental impact of solar power, about sun and its radiation measurements. [
2) To understand principles of solar thermal devices for collection and solar energy storage and reclamation
systems.
3) To understand the working principles, classification, design and sizing of wind energy and biogas energy
systems and their applications and performance characteristics.
4) To understand and analyze critically the working principle/ mechanical systems of Geothermal, OTEC,
WAVE, TIDEL, and mini Hydel energy systems, their potential, utilization, working principles, and their
thermodynamic analysis .
5) To understand the fundamental concepts of DEC systems, their principles, applications, need, limitations and
their economic aspects / thermodynamic aspects.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
1 Understand, Analyze and estimate the potential of new and renewable energy source(RES),the solar energy
option, Environmental impact of renewable energy, about sun and its radiation measurements
2 Understand, Classify, Size, Identify, Analyze, Estimate& the RES storage and applications such as solar energy,
solar thermal equipments,
3 Understand, Classify, Size, Identify, Analyze, Estimate& Select, application of Wind and Biomass energy
4 Understand, Classify, Size, Identify, Analyze, Estimate& Select, application of Geothermal, OTEC WAVE,TIDEL,
Mini HYDEL energy systems
5 Understand, Classify, Size, Identify, Analyze, Estimate& Select the DEC systems and their applications.

HOW PROGRAM OUTCOMES ARE ASSESSED:

Program Outcomes Proficiency

Level
assessed by
A Graduates will demonstrate the ability to use basic knowledge in
mathematics, science and engineering and apply them to solve problems Assignments,
H
specific to mechanical engineering (Fundamental engineering analysis Tutorials, Exams
skills).
B Graduates will demonstrate the ability to design and conduct experiments,
S Project work
interpret and analyze data, and report results (Information retrieval skills).
C Graduates will demonstrate the ability to design any mathematical system
Assignments,
or thermal that meets desired specifications and requirements (Creative S
Tutorials, Exams
skills).
D Graduates will demonstrate the ability to function as a coherent unit in
multidisciplinary design teams, and deliver results through collaborative S Project work
research (Teamwork).
E Graduates will demonstrate the ability to identify, formulate and solve
Assignments,
mechanical engineering problems of a complex kind (Engineering problem H
Exams
solving skills).
F Graduates will demonstrate an understanding of their professional and
Assignments,
ethical responsibilities, and use technology for the benefit of H
Tutorials,
mankind(Professional integrity).
G Graduates will be able to communicate effectively in both verbal and
S --
written forms (Speaking / writing skills).
H Graduates will have the confidence to apply engineering solutions in Assignments,
H
global and national contexts (Engineering impact assessment skills). Tutorials,
I Graduates should be capable of self-education and clearly understand the Assignments,
H
value of life-long learning (Continuing education awareness). Tutorials,
J Graduates will develop an open mind and have an understanding of the
impact of engineering on society and demonstrate awareness of S --
contemporary issues (Social awareness).
K Graduates will be familiar with applying software methods and modern H --
 computer tools to analyze mechanical engineering problems (Software
hardware interface).
L Graduates will have the ability to recognize the importance of professional
development by pursing post graduate studies or face competitive Gate exam, Job
S
examinations that offer challenging and rewarding careers in Mechanical interviews
Engineering (Successful career andimmediate employment).
M Graduate will be able to design a system to meet desired needs within
environmental, economic, political, ethical health and safety, Assignments,
H
manufacturability and management knowledge and techniques to estimate Tutorials, Exams
time, resources to complete project (Practical engineering analysis skills).

N = None S = Supportive H = Highly Related

SYLLABUS

UNIT - I:
PRINCIPLES OF SOLAR RADIATION: Role and potential of new and renewable energy source, the solar energy
option, Environmental impact of solar power – Physics of the sun, the solar constant, extraterrestrial and terrestrial
solar radiation, solar radiation on titled surface, Instruments for measuring solar radiation on titled surface,
Instruments for measuring solar radiation and sun shine, solar radiation data.
UNIT - II:
Solar Energy collection: Flat plate and Concentrating collectors, classification of concentrating collectors,
orientation and thermal analysis, advanced collectors.
Solar Energy Storage and Applications: Different methods, sensible latent heat and stratified storage, solar
ponds, Solar applications- solar heating/ cooling techniques, solar distillation and drying , Photovoltaic energy
conversion.
UNIT - III:
Wind Energy: Sources and potentials, horizontal and vertical axis wind mills, performance characteristics.
Biomass: Principles of bio-conversion, anaerobic / aerobic digestion, types of biogas digesters, gas yield,
combustion characteristics of bio-gas, Utilization for cooking, I.C. Engines, economic aspects.
UNIT - IV:
Geothermal Energy: Resources, types of wells, methods of harnessing the energy, potential in India.
OTEC: Principles, Utilization, setting of OTEC plants, thermodynamic cycles,
Tidel & Wave energy: Potential and conversion techniques,
mini-hydel power plants, their economics
UNIT - V:
Direct Energy Conversions: Need for DEC, Carnot cycle, limitations principles of DEC Thermoelectric generators,
Seebeck, Peltier and Joule Thompson effects, figure of merit, materials, applications, MHD generators, principles,
dissociation and ionization, hall effect, magnetic flux, MHD accelerator, MHD engine, power generation systems,
electron gas dynamic conversion, economic aspects, fuel cells, principle, faraday’s laws, thermodynamic aspects,
selection of fuels and operating conditions.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Renewable Energy Sources/ Twidell & Weir/Taylor and Francis/2nd special Indian Edition.
2. Non-conventional Energy Sources/ G.D.Rai/ Dhanpat Rai and sons.
REFERENCES BOOKS:
1. Energy Resources Utilization and Technologies/ Anjaneyulu & Francis /BS Publications/ 2012
2. Principles of Solar Energy / Frank Krieth & John F Kreider/ Hemisphere publications
3. Non-conventional Energy / Ashok V Desai/ Wiley Eastern
 4. Non-conventional Energy Systems/ K. Mittal / Wheeler.
5. Renewable Energy Technologies/ Ramesh & Kumar/ Narosa
6. Renewable Energy Resources / Tiwari and Ghosal / Narosa

COURSE PLAN:
At the end of the course, the students are able to achieve the following course learning outcomes. (The
course plan is meant as a guide line. There may probably be changes.)
Sl.
Lecture No Topic Teaching Aid Reference
No
Unit #1 PRINCIPLES OF SOLAR RADIATION
Role and potential of new and renewable energy
01 Lecture 01 GB and PPT --
source
02 Lecture 02 the solar energy option, PPT T1,R1
03 Lecture 03 Environmental impact of solar power GB and PPT T1,R1
04 Lecture 04 Physics of the sun, the solar constant GB and PPT T1,R1
Tutorial #1 Solar radiation GB T1
05 Lecture 05 extraterrestrial solar radiation GB and PPT T1,R1
06 Lecture 06 terrestrial solar radiation Models
07 Lecture 07 solar radiation on titled surface GB and PPT T1,R1
Instruments for measuring solar radiation on tilted
08 Lecture 08 GB and PPT T1,R1
surface
Tutorial #02 Solar Radiations measurement GB T1
Instruments for measuring solar radiation and sun
09 Lecture 09 GB and PPT T1,R1
shine
10 Lecture 10 solar radiation data GB and PPT T1.R1
Unit #2 SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTION & STORAGE
13 Lecture 11 Flat plate collectors GB T1
14 Lecture 12 Concentrating collectors IV T1
Tutorial #3 Collectors GB T1
15 Lecture 13 classification of concentrating collectors GB and PPT T1
16 Lecture 14 orientation and thermal analysis GB and PPT T1
17 Lecture 15 advanced collectors GB and PPT T1
18 Lecture 16 Solar Energy Storage and Applications BB & Tutorial T1
Tutorial $4 Solar Energy Storage GB T1
Different methods, sensible latent heat and
19 Lecture 17 BB and IV T1
stratified storage
20 Lecture 18 solar ponds BB & exercise T1
Solar applications: solar heating/ cooling
21 Lecture 19 BB and IV T1,W1
techniques
22 Lecture 20 solar distillation Exercises T1
Solar energy applications (desalination, cooling,
Tutorial #5 (GB T1
etc.)
23 Lecture 21 solar drying GB and PPT T1
24 Lecture 22 Photovoltaic energy conversion BB and IV T1
25 Tutorial 23 New Photovoltaic energy systems BB T1
26 Lecture 24 Cost economics of solar photovoltaics systems BB T1,W1
Tutorial #6 Tutorials BB T1,W1
 Unit #3 WIND & BIOMASS ENERGY
29 Lecture 25 Sources of wind energy and its potentials BB T1
30 Lecture 36 horizontal and vertical axis wind mills IV T1
31 Lecture 27 Principles of bio-conversion GB and PPT T1
32 Lecture 28 anaerobic / aerobic digestion GB and PPT T1
Tutorial #7 Wind Energy GB T1
33 Lecture 29 types of biogas digesters GB and PPT T1
34 Lecture 30 gas yield BB & Tutorial T1
combustion characteristics of bio-gas, Utilization
35 Lecture 31 BB and IV T1
for cooking,
36 Lecture 32 I.C. Engines, economic aspects BB & exercise T1
Tutorial #8 Problems BB and IV T1,W1

UNIT #4 Geothermal, OTEC, wave, Tidal

40 Lecture 33 Geothermal Energy Resources GB and PPT T2
41 Lecture 34 Resources, types of wells GB and PPT T2
42 Lecture 35 methods of harnessing the energy T2
43 Lecture 36 Potential in India. GB and PPT T2
Tutorial #9 Geothermal systems GB T2
44 Lecture 37 OTEC Principles and Utilization Exercise T2
45 Lecture 38 setting of OTEC plants Exercise T2
46 Tutorial 39 thermodynamic cycles GB and PPT T2
Tidel energy Potential and conversion
47 Lecture 40 GB and PPT T2
techniques
Tutorial #10 OTEC Energy GB ,T2
Wave energy Potential and conversion
48 Lecture 41 GB and PPT T2
techniques
49 Lecture 42 Mini-hydel power plants Student Seminar T2
50 Lecture 43 their economics GB and PPT T2
51 Lecture 44 Problems GB and PPT T2
Tutorial #11 Wave Energy GB T2
UNIT #5 Direct Energy Conversions
Need for DEC, principles, Thermoelectric
52 Lecture 45 GB and PPT T2
generators
53 Tutorial 46 Carnot cycle, limitations GB and PPT T2
54 Lecture 47 Thermoelectric generators GB and PPT T2
55 Lecture 48 See beck effects GB and PPT T2,W2
Tutorial #12 DEC systems GB T2,W2
56 Lecture 49 Pettier effects GB and PPT T2
57 Lecture 50 Joule Thompson effects GB and PPT T2
58 Lecture 51 figure of merit, materials applications GB and PPT T2
MHD generators, principles, dissociation and
59 Lecture 52 ionization, hall effect, ,. Student Seminar T2
magnetic flux, MHD accelerator,
Tutorial #13 MHD GB T2
60 Lecture 53 MHD engine, power generation systems, GB and PPT T2
 electron gas dynamic conversion economic
61 Lecture 54 GB and PPT T2
aspects
Fuel cells principle, faraday’s laws,
62 Lecture 55 GB and PPT T2
thermodynamic aspects,
63 Lecture 56 selection of fuels and operating conditions GB and PPT T2

MAPPING COURSE OBJECTIVES LEADING TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OFPROGRAM

OUTCOMES

Program Outcomes

a b c d e f g h i J k l M
I H S H

II H S

III H S

IV H S H

MAPPING COURSE OUTCOMES LEADING TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OFPROGRAM OUTCOMES

Course Program Outcomes

Outcomes A b c d e f g h I j K l m
1 S H S H H S H H
2 S H H H H S H H
3 S H S H H S H H
4 S S S S S S S S

S = Supportive H = Highly Related

 5. 6.
Evaluating / Creating /
4. Analyzing Evaluation: Synthesis
/ Analysis : Make :
3. Applying Separates judgments Builds a
/ material or about the structure
Blooms Application: concepts into value of or pattern
2.
Taxonomy Use a component ideas or from
Understanding
concept in a parts so that materials. diverse
/
new its elements.
Comprehension
situation or organizational Key Words: Put parts
1. :
unprompted structure may Agree, together to
Remembering Comprehending
use of an be Appraise, form a
/ Knowledge: the meaning,
abstraction. understood. Assess, whole,
Recall or translation,
Applies what Distinguishes Award, with
retrieve interpolation,
was learned between facts Choose, emphasis
previous and
in the and Compare, on
learned interpretation of
classroom inferences. Conclude, creating a
information. instructions and
into novel Criteria, new
problems. State
situations in Key Words: Criticize, meaning
Key Words: a problem in
the work Analyze, Decide, or
Choose, one's own
place. Assume, Deduct, structure.
Define, Find, words.
Categorize, Defend,
How, Label,
Key Words: Classify, Determine, Key
List, Match, Key Words:
Apply, Compare, Disprove, Words:
Name, Omit, Classify,
Build, Conclusion, Estimate, Adapt,
Recall, Relate, Compare,
Choose, Contrast, Evaluate, Build,
Select, Show, Contrast,
Course Construct, Discover, Explain, Change,
Spell, Tell, Demonstrate,
Outcomes Develop, Dissect, Importance, Choose,
What, When, Explain, Extend,
Experiment, Distinguish, Influence, Combine,
Where, Illustrate, Infer,
with, Divide, Interpret, Compile,
Which, Who, Interpret,
Identify, Examine, Judge, Compose,
Why Outline, Relate,
Interview, Function, Justify, Construct,
Rephrase,
Make use of, Inference, Mark, Create,
Show,
Model, Inspect, List, Measure, Delete,
Summarize,
Organize, Motive, Opinion, Design,
Translate
Plan, Select, Relationships, Perceive, Develop,
Solve, Simplify, Prioritize, Discuss,
Utilize Survey, Take, Prove, Rate, Elaborate,
part, in, Test Recommend, Estimate,
For, Theme Rule on, Formulate,
Select, Happen,
Support, Imagine,
 value Improve,
Invent,
Make up,
Maximize,
Minimize,
Modify,
Original,
Originate,
Plan,
Predict,
Propose,
Solution,
Solve,
Suppose,
Test,
Theory
1Understand,
Analyze and
estimate the
potential of
new and
renewable
energy source
(RES), the
solar energy √ √ √
option,
Environmental
impact of
renewable
energy, about
sun and its
radiation
measurements

Understand,
Classify, Size,
Identify,
Analyze,
Estimate& the
RES storage
√ √ √
and
applications
such as solar
energy, solar
thermal
equipments
3Understand,
Classify, Size,
Identify,
Analyze,
Estimate&
√ √ √
Select,
application of
Wind &
Biomass
energy.
Understand,
Classify, Size,
Identify, Analyze,
Estimate& Select,
application of
Geothermal, √ √ √
OTEC, WAVE,
TIDEL, Mini
HYDEL energy
systems
 OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS:

Unit-1
1. is the non-conventional source of energy [c ]
(a) natural gas
(b) petrol
(c) solar
(d) coal

2. instrument used to measure the intensity of direct solar radiation at

normal incidence [ b]
(a) pyradiometer
(b) pyrheliometer
(c) pyranometer
(d) solarimeter

3. The sum of the beam radiation and diffuse radiation is [a]

(a) Global radiation
(b) local radiation
(c) spot radiation
(d) massive radiation
4. is the angle made in the horizontal plane between the line due south and
the projection of the normal to the surface on the horizontal plane [d ]
(a) latitude
(b) declination
(c) slope
(d) surface azimuth angle

5. is a device for collecting solar radiation and transfer the energy to a fluid passing
in contact with it. (a)
(a) solar collector
(b) water collector
(c) Flat collector
(d)Thin collector

6. The instrument used to measure the total irradiance is

(a) Pyranometer (c)
(b) Solarimeter
(c) Pyranometer ( or ) Solarimeter
(d) none

7. The angle between sun rays and its projection on horizontal surface is called as
(a)
(a) Inclination angle
(b)Helix angle
(c)Dwell angle
(d)Twist angle

8. type of collector requires orientation towards the sun (a)

(a) Concentrated
(b) Oriented
(c) Non
concentrated
(d)developed

9. is an instrument which collimates the radiation to determine the

beam intensity as a function of incident [ b]
(a) pyranometer
(b) pyrheliometer
(c) angstrom meter
(d) pyrmeliometer

10. At the time of sunset or sunrise the zenith angle is [ C]

(a) 360 (b) 0
(c) 90 (d) 180
11. is that solar radiation received from the sun after its direction has
been changed by reflection and scattering by the atmosphere. (a)
(a) diffuse radiation
(b)indiffuse radiation
(c)maximum radiation
(d)minimumradiation

12. of the following collector not required orienting towards the sun. [c ]
(a) Concentrating
(b) Vertical plate
(c) flat plate
(d) both flat and vertical
2. When the water is heated in the collector the density [ c]
(a) Normal
(b) increases
(c) decreases
(d) nil

13. Advantage of concentrating collectors over flat plate type collectors is [a ]

(a) absorber area of a concentrator is small
(b) high initial cost
(c) nonuniform flux
(d) additional optical losses

14. The stored thermal energy causes a material to change its phase is called as (a)
a) Latent heat storage
b) Latent cold storage
c) water storage
d) sensible heat storage

15. Solar collectors for home heating usually are called collectors. [ A]
(a) flat plate
(b) distributed plate
(c)concentrating
plate
(d) broad plate

16. Advantage of concentrating collectors over flat plate type collectors are [A ]
(a) absorber area of a concentrator is small
(b) high initial cost
(c) nonuniform flux
(d) additional optical losses.
17. In S.I units the useful gain is 4360W, collector efficiency factor is 15.28m2 incident beam
radiation on the aperture of the collector is 698W/m2. The collector efficiency is
for a cylindrical parabolic concentrator system. [ C]
(a) 17
(b)22.5
(c)39
(d)68.5

18. Two advantages of flat plate collectors are (a)

(a) little maintainance,
(b) using both beam
(c) diffuse solar radiation etc
(d) none

19. The biogas can be utilized effectively for [ d]

(a)household cooking
(b) lighting
(c) operating small
engines (d)all the above

20. When the biomass is fermented an aerobically the gaseous fuel obtained is _ (a)
(a) bio-gas
(b) natural-gas
(c) compressed -gas
(d) combustion-gas

UNIT-2

1. Which type of materials are used in solar cells [a ]

(a) Semi conductor
(b) non conducting
(c) Thin materials
(d) Biomaterials

2. The rate at which solar energy arrives at the top of the atmosphere is called (a)
(a) Solar constant
(b) mass constant
(c) plancks constant
(d) electric constant

3. is used to convert solar energy directly into electrical energy. (a)

(a) Solar photovoltaic cell
(b) photovoltaic cell
 (c) electric photovoltaic cell
(d) magnetic photovoltaic cell

4. The basic element of solar water heating is [D ]

(a) flat plate collector
(b) storage tank
(c) circulation system
(d) all the above

5. The application of solar photo voltaic system is [D ]

(a) radio beacons
(b)weather monitoring
(c)railway signal equipment
(d)all the above

6. The rate at which solar energy arrives at the top of the atmosphere is called (a)
(a) Solar constant
(b) mass constant
(c) plancks constant
(d) electric constant

7. In solar energy storage systems, storage by causing a material to rise in temperature

is called storage. (a)
(a) sensible heat
(b) latent heat
(c) over heat
(d) ambient heat

8. A natural or artificial body of water for collecting and absorbing solar radiation energy
and storing it as heat is called a (a)
(a) solar pond
(b) natural pond
(c) artificial pond
(d) none

9. Two applications of solar pond are (a)

(a) heating and cooling of buildings,
(b) production of power,
(c) desalination etc
(d) none

10. Solar energy absorption by the water takes place according to law of absorption (a)
(a) Lamberts law of absorption.
(b) plancks law of absorption.
 (c) ohms law
(d) peltier effect.
11. factor/s determine/s the output from a wind energy converter [d ]
(a) wind speed
(b) cross section of wind swept by rotor
(c) efficiency of rotor, transmission system and generator
(d) a, b, & c

12. Darrieus type of wind mill comes under [ c]

(a) horizontal
(b) inclined
(c) vertical
(d) both vertical and horizontal

13. type of rotor can accept wind from any direction without any adjustment. (a)
(a) Darrieus
(b) shunt
(c) series
(d) stepper

14. The energy in the wind is form of energy (a)

(a) Kinetic
(b) potential
(c) Kinetic& potential
(d) none

15. Betz maximum depends on (a)

(a) Tip-Speed ratio
(b) gear-Speed ratio
(c) five-Speed ratio
(d) four-Speed ratio

16. Which factor determines the output from a wind energy converter [d ]
(a) wind speed
(b) cross section of wind swept by rotor
(c) efficiency of rotor, transmission system and
generator (d)all the above

17. Which of the following is an advantage of one bladed rotor in wind energy machines
[ C]
(a) counter weight costs more than a second blade
(b) counter weight can be declined to increase blade coning
(c) blade root spar can be large diameter(more
rugged) (d)both a and b
18. The characteristic of Savonius rotor is [ C]
(a) self starting
(b) low speed
(c) both a and b
(d) high efficiency

19. The fraction of the free-flow wind power that can be extracted by a rotor is called
(a)
(a) power coefficient
(b) lower coefficient
(c) slower coefficient
(d) thomson coefficient

20. The ratio of the speed of the rotor blade tips to the speed of the wind is called (a)
(a) Tip-Speed ratio
(b) gear-Speed ratio
(c) five-Speed ratio
(d) four-Speed ratio

UNIT 3
1. What kind of energy does a wind turbine use? [ A]
(a) Kinetic energy
(b) Potential energy
(c) Chemical Energy
(d) Thermal energy

2. Which of the following states in India ranks first in the installation of wind power?
[ D]
(a) Gujarat
(b) Andhra Pradesh
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Tamil Nadu

3.. Horizontal axis windmills of modern design can [ A]

(a) Always turn towards the direction of the wind
(b) Never adjust the energy Output
(c) Never turn towards the direction of the wind
(d) None of the above

4. . Which of the following sources emit fewer pollutants? [ D]

(a) Coa
(b) Petroleum
(c) Charcoa
(d) Wind energy

5. The maximum energy conversion efficiency of a wind turbine for a given swept
area is [ c]
(a) 25.1%
(b) 50.4%
(c) 59.3%
(d) 99.9%

6. . If the velocity of wind is doubled, then the power output will increase by [ a]
(a) 10 times
(b) 8 times
(c) 2 times
(d) 6 times

7. The term Darrious & Savonius rotor are related to [b ]

(a) Small hydropower
(b) Wind energy
(c) Turbine
(d) Coal extraction mechanism

8. Power output from a wind energy electric generator is directly proportional to [c ]

(a) wind velocity
(b) Square of wind velocity
(c) Cube of wind velocity
(d) Square
root of wind velocity
9. Another name for a windmill is [ b]
(a) Wind farm
(b) Propeller
(c) Wind station
(d) Wind turbine

10. A place where many wind turbines are installed together to produce electricity
is called a [ a]
(a) Wind farm
(b) Propeller collection
(c) Wind station
(d) Wind turbine station

11. Bacteria that grows in the presence of oxygen are called (B) anaerobic
(A) aerobic
[ A]
(C) bioscopic
(D) both b and c

12. Biomass is derived from [C ]

(A) Water power
(B) solar energy
(C) plants and animals
(D) wind power

13. Biochemical conversion takes two forms, they are (b)

(a) Fermentation
(b) anaerobic digestion
(c) aerobic digestion
(d) none

14. When the biomass is fermented an aerobically the gaseous fuel obtained (a)
(a) bio-gas
(b) nitrogen gas
(c) hydrogen gas
(d) real gas

15 Which of the following is not a source of power? [ D]

(A) Solar cell
(B) Photovoltaic cell
(C) Photoelectric cell
(D) Thermocouple.

16 . Biomass is derived from: [C ]

(A) Water power
(B) solar energy
(C) plants and animals
(D) wind power

17. An example of dry process is (a)

(a) Pyrolysis
(b) liquefaction
(c) gasification
(d) none

18 The container in which digestion process takes place is known as (a)

(a) Digester
(b) Non Digester
(c) Food Digester
(d) None
19 system is suitable for water in higher temperature, in liquid-
dominated systems. (a)
(a) Flashed-steam
(b) Non Flashed-steam
(c) Wet -steam
(d) Dry -steam

20. Which of the following factors affect biodigestion [ d]

(a) temperature
(b) seeding
(c) PH
(d) All the above

UNIT-4
1. In geothermal power plants waste water is [C ]
(A) Re-circulated after cooling in cooling towers
(B) discharged into sea
(C) Discharged back to earth
(D) evaporated in ponds

2. Water is pumped in through which type of well into the hot dry rock fracture [B ]
(A) Suction
(B) Injection
(C) Projection
(D) deep

3. -------- is suitable for water in higher temperature, in liquid-dominated systems. (b)

(a) Flashed-steam
(b) Non Flashed-steam
(c) Wet -steam
(d) Dry -steam

4 In geothermal power plants waste water is [c ]

(a) Re-circulated after cooling in cooling towers
(b) discharged into sea
(c) Discharged back to earth
(d) evaporated in ponds

5 The 3 basic kinds of geothermal sources are (a)

(a) Hydrothermal
(b) & geo-pressured &
(c) petro-thermal
 (d) none

6. Which of the following is a geothermal source ? [d ]

(a)hydro thermal convective systems
(b)geopressure resources
(c)magma resources
(d)all the above

7. In the geothermal energy the steam and hot water gushing out of the earth may
contain harmful gases of [ d]
(a) H2S
(b)CO2
(c) NH3
(d) all the above

8. The geothermal energy is roughly of the total anticipated power production in India.
(a)
(a) 10%
(b) 20%
(c) 30%
(d) 40%

9. The ----------------- systems are the best resources for geothermal energy
exploitation.. (a)
(a) hydrothermal convective
(b) hydroelectric convective
(c) geothermal convective
(d) nonthermal convective

10. In an ocean environment it is likely that a layer of slime known as ----- will eventually
accumulate on the water side of the heat exchangers. (a)
(a) bio fouling
(b) natural fouling
(c) liquid fouling
(d) mass fouling
11. Tidal energy mainly makes use of [B ]
(A) Kinetic energy of water
(B) Potential energy of water
(C) Both kinetic as well as potential energy of
water
(D) none of the above

12 OTEC power generation system gives efficiency [C ]

(A) high
(B) medium
 (C) low
(D) zero

13. The temperature difference between the upper layers and the deeper layers of the
ocean should be to install an OTEC power plant [C ]
o

(A) 40 C
o

(B) 50 C
o

(C) 20 C
o

(D) 30 C

14. The difference between high and low water levels is called the of the tide (a)
a) Range
b) Flight
c) altitude
d) reach

15. The two different methods for harnessing ocean thermal differences are [b]
a) Claude cycle
b) Anderson cycle
c) Carnot cycle
d) rankine cycle .

16. The highest level of tidal water is known as [b]

a) Flood
b) Tide
c) Wave
d) ocean

17Tidal energy mainly makes use of [ B]

e) Kinetic energy of water
f) Potential energy of water
g) Both kinetic as well as potential energy of water
h) None of the above

18 Floating generators are used in the sea to harness . [B]

(A) Tidal energy
(B) wave energy
(C) Hydel energy
(D) energy from OTEC power plant
19 The temperature difference between the upper layers and the deeper layers of the
ocean should be to install an OTEC power plant. [C ]
 o

(A) 40 C
o

(B) 50 C
o

(C) 20 C
o

(D) 30 C

20 Expand OTEC (a)

(a) Ocean thermal energy conversion
(b) Ocean totalenergy conversion
(c) Ocean time energy conversion
(d) Optimal thermal energy conversion

UNIT-5
1. The generator that transforms thermal energy to electrical energy at high temperatures [B]

(A) ionic
(B) MHD
(C) dc
(D) all the above
2. In a fuel cell electricity is produced by [ B]
(A) Combustion of fuel in absence of oxygen
(B) oxidation of fuel
(C) Thermionic action
(D) any of the above
3. are devices which convert heat directly to electrical energy using
a phenomenon called Seebeck effect. [ C]
(A) Ionic generators
(b) dc generators
(c) thermogenerators
(d) all the above

4. Through MHD power generation -----power is generated directly. (a)

(a) DC power
(b) DC power& AC power
(c) AC power
(d) None

5. The thermal energy contained in the interior of the earth is called as (a)
(a) Geo-thermal energy
(b) Ocean energy
(c) Tidal energy
(d) hydroelectric
6. The container in which digestion process takes place is known as (a)
a) Digester
b) Investor
c) Crator
d) predictor

7. Laws used for working of fuel cells. (a)

(a) Faraday’s
(b) Ohms
(c) Joules
(d) seeback

8 .Direct conversion of heat into electrical power is possible through [a ]

(a) thermionic converter
(b) fuel cell
(c) batteries
(d) all of the above.

9. In a fuel cell electricity is produced by [ B]

(a) combustion of fuel in absence of oxygen
(b) oxidation of fuel
(c) thermionic action
(d) any of the above
10 Fuel formed under the earth's surface by the decomposition of organic matter is called
[C]
(A) Organic fuel
(B) biogas
(C) fossil fuel
(D) under ground fuel
11. Which of the following is not a type of turbine used for small scale hydro electric plants?
[A ]
(a) impulse turbine
(b) bulb turbine
(c) tube turbine
(d) straflo turbine

12. Biochemical conversion takes two forms, they are (a)

(a) Fermentation and
(b) anaerobic digestion.
(c) aerobic digestion
(d) none
13. are devices which convert heat directly to electrical energy using
a phenomenon called Seebeck effect . [ c]
(a)Ionic generators
 (b) dc
gene
rator
s (c)
Ther
mog
ener
ators
(d)all
the
abov
e

14.Which of the following is a fuel used in fuel cells [d ] (a)Hydrogen

(b)C
arbo
n
mon
oxid
e
(c)M
ethan
ol
(d)All the above

15. The Lambert’s law of absorption by the water is given by Ix=I0e-kx , k is called [ b]
(a) inte
nsity of
radiatio
n
(b)extin
ction
coefficie
nt
(c) surface
coefficient
(d)light
radiation

16. The generator that transforms thermal energy to

electrical energy at high temperatures. (b)
(a) i
o
n
i
c
 (
b
)
M
H
D
(c) dc
(d) all the above

17. Any one fuel used in fuel cells (a)

(a) Hydrogen
(b) carbon monoxide,
(c) methanol
(d) none

18. In the fuel cell operation any one catalyst is (a)

(a) Platinum
(b) Cadmium
(c) Lead
(d) silver

19. The molten mass of earth is called (b)

(a) Magnous
(b) Magna
(c) Hot cake
(d) Magmus

20.. Geothermal energy reservoirs are (d)

(a) Liquid dominated reservoirs (b) Steam dominated reservoirs
(c) Hot rocks with no water (d) All of the above