TRANSGENDERISM:

A QUEER THEORETICAL STUDY IN OKKY MADASARI’S

BOUND NOVEL (2014)

RESEARCH PAPER

RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department

by:
FADHILLAH KHUSNUL KHOTIMAH
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DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
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 TESTIMONY

I am as the researcher, signed on the statement below:

Name : FADHILLAH KHUSNUL KHOTIMAH
NIM : A320120183
Study Program : Department of English Education
Title : Transgenderism: A Queer Theoretical Study in Okky Madasari’s
Bound Novel (2014)

Here with, I testify that this research paper is an original work written and
submitted by me and aren’t copied from any reports, except which are cited in the
text and mentioned in the bibliography. If later proved that this research paper is the
result of plagiarism, I am completely responsible and willing to accept sanction in
accordance with the applicable regulations.

Surakarta, June 06 2016

The Researcher,

Fadhillah Khusnul Khotimah

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 MOTTO

We read to know we’re not alone.

- William Nicholson

Opportunities don’t happen, you create them.

- Chris Grosser

Everything will be okay in the end. If it’s not okay, it’s not the end.

- John Lennon

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 DEDICATION

Proudly and wholeheartedly, the researcher dedicate this research paper to:

 Allah SWT for the great blessing and the great prophet Muhammad SAW,

 My beloved parents who always give the best prays and supports,

 My beloved sisters and brother,

 My beloved friends (Anna Eri Choiriyah, Ana Yuliana, Dyah Ayu Emiliasari,

Leni Lestari and Yani Novitasari),

 All of my friends in English Department 2012,

 All of my friends everywhere, thank you for your help and friendship,

Thankyou for everything ~

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

In the name of God, the most gracious and the most merciful. All the praises
were due to the Almighty God, Allah SWT, and the Lord of the Worlds. The Lord
who always gave uncountable blessing and mercies to the researcher, hence she
finally finished and completed her research paper entitled TRANSGENDERISM: A
QUEER THEORETICAL STUDY IN OKKY MADASARI’S BOUND NOVEL
(2014). The first and most important, she would like to thank Allah for blessing and
helping.
Secondly, the researcher extended gratitude to the prophet Muhammad
SAW. May bless and mercy everlastingly was upon him who guided and led us from
darkness into the shining path. Thirdly, the researcher expressed her deepest
gratitude and appreciation to the following people:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Department on
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed, the first consultant who patiently
guided the researcher in arranging this work, provided time for
consulting, criticizing, and giving the nice suggestion.
4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S., M. Hum, the second consultant who wanted to
guide and correct her work from the beginning of writing until the end,
5. Anam Sutopo as the academic consultant who gave the researcher
guidance as long as she studied in Muhammadiyah University,
6. All lecturers of English Department for being good educators who gave
the board knowledge to her during she studied in Muhammadiyah
University,
7. Her best and beloved parents who always gave her the endless prayer,
spirits, motivation, and supports because without all of those from both
of them she would be nothing at all.

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 8. Her lover, who gave her the best support, thanks for caring and keeping
the relationship,
9. Her beloved friends, thanks for the greatness support, motivation, and
for the times they spend and pass together.

The last, the researcher extended her greatest gratitude to everyone who
helped her that could not be mentioned one by one. The researcher realized that this
research was far from being perfect and there were many weaknesses in this research
paper because of the limited capability and knowledge. Therefore, suggestion and
criticism are welcome and acceptance. Finally, she expected and hoped that this
research paper will be useful for the readers.

Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Surakarta, June 15 2016

The Researcher,

Fadhillah Khusnul Khotimah

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 SUMMARY

FADHILLAH KHUSNUL KHOTIMAH. A320120183. TRANSGENDERISM: A

QUEER THEORETICAL STUDY IN OKKY MADASARI’S BOUND NOVEL
(2014). RESEARCH PAPER. SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND
EDUCATION. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA.

This research intends to describe how the process of being a transgender,

obstacles encountered, and what kind of transgenderism is reflected in Okky
Madasari’s Bound. This research is a descriptive qualitative research which is done
under the framework of Queer Theory. This research takes Okky Madasari’s Bound
as source of data. Some forms of its word, sentence, and dialogues are taken as
primary data. This research shows that Sasana as a transgender experiences
particular types of process of being transgender including the process of observing
the opposite gender behavior, substituting, declaring new identity, finding the
support, re-adapting behavior, declaring new identity to family, making decision,
facing the obstacle to get the freedom. He has to face many significant obstacles such
as: body trap, social stigmas, violence, powerlessness and poverty, depression, and
family rejection. The kind of transgenderism is reflected in Bound novel is cross-
dresser especially a drag queen.

Keywords: Bound, transgenderism, process, kind, obstacles, queer theory.

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 RINGKASAN

FADHILLAH KHUSNUL KHOTIMAH. A320120183. TRANSGENDERISM: A

QUEER THEORETICAL STUDY IN OKKY MADASARI’S BOUND NOVEL
(2014). SKRIPSI. FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN.
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana proses menjadi

seorang transgender, halangan-halangan yang dihadapi, serta jenis transgender
yang tercerminkan dalam novel Bound karya Okky Madasari. Penelitian ini adalah
penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang dilakukan di bawah kerangka Teori Queer.
Penelitian ini menggunakan novel Bound karya Okky Madasari sebagai sumber data.
Beberapa kata, kalimat, dan dialog digunakan sebagai sumber data primer.
Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Sasana sebagai seorang transgender mengalami
beberapa proses untuk menjadi seorang transgender yaitu: mengamati kebiasaan
lawan gender, menggantikan, mendeklarasikan identitas baru, mendapatkan
dukungan, mengadaptasi kebiasaan, mendeklarasikan identitas baru kepada
keluarga, membuat keputusan, menghadapi rintangan untuk mendapatkan kebebasan.
Sasana menghadapi halangan seperti: belenggu tubuh, stigma sosial, kekerasan,
kemelaratan, depresi, dan penolakan keluarga. Jenis transgender yang tercerminkan
dalam novel Bound adalah cross-dresser khususnya drag queen.

Kata Kunci: Bound, transgenderisme, proses, jenis, halangan, teori queer.

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE ....................................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL........................................................................................................... ii

ACCEPTANCE ..................................................................................................... iii

TESTIMONY......................................................................................................... iv

DEDICATION .........................................................................................................v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................... vi

MOTTO ................................................................................................................ vii

SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... ix

RINGKASAN ..........................................................................................................x

TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... xi

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .............................................................................1

A. Background of the Study................................................................1

B. Literature Review ...........................................................................5
C. Problem Statement .........................................................................6
D. Limitation of the Study ..................................................................6
E. Objective of the Study....................................................................6
F. Benefits of the Study ......................................................................7
G. Research Method ............................................................................7
H. Research Paper Organization .........................................................9

CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ............................................................10

A. The Notion of Queer Theory ........................................................10

1. The Definition of Sex, Gender, and Transgender ..................11
2. The Emergence of Transgender .............................................12

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 a. Transgender Identity,Expression,Sexual Orientation ......13
b. Transgender Communities ...............................................16
c. Process of Being Transgender ..........................................17
d. Burden of Life Faced by Transgender .............................17
B. Structural Elements of Novel .......................................................19

CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYISIS ......................................................24

A. Structural Elements ......................................................................24

1. Character and Characterization .........................................24
a. Major Characters .........................................................24
b. Minor Characters .........................................................28
2. Theme ................................................................................32
3. Setting ................................................................................33
4. Plot.....................................................................................40
5. Point of View.....................................................................43
6. Moral Value .......................................................................44
7. Style ...................................................................................44
a. Grammatical Structure ................................................44
b. Sentence Construction .................................................46
c. Diction .........................................................................46
d. Symbol ........................................................................47
e. Figurative Language ....................................................48
B. Discussion ....................................................................................52

CHAPTER IV: TRANSGENDERISM ANALYSIS .............................................57

A. Concept of Gender in Sasana’s Family ........................................57

B. Process of Being Transgender ......................................................58
C. Obstacles in Transformation Gender Identity ..............................66
D. The Factors Which Influence Sasana’s Gender Identity ..............73
E. Kind of Transgenderism ...............................................................74
F. Discussion ....................................................................................78

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CHAPTER V: Conclusion, Pedagogical Implication and Suggestion ...................83

A. Conclusion ...................................................................................83
B. Pedagogical Implication ...............................................................84
C. Suggestion ....................................................................................84

BIBLIOGRAPHY

VIRTUAL REFERENCES

APPENDIX

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