PANDUAN PEMARKAHAN

KEM FIZIK 2015

KEDAH DARULAMAN

NAMA:_____________________
SEKOLAH:___________________

1
 SKEMA KEM FIZIK 2015

Soalan (1) Jawapan Markah

7(a)(i) P has a greater mass an so its acceleration is lower // 1
Q has a smaller mass and so its acceleration is higher.
(ii) Newton’s second law of motion 1
(b)(i) & (ii)
Q Friction force 1
Frictionless Slope
Landasan condong
tanpa geseran

Q
70.0 cm 1

Rough surface
Due to gravity // Weight Permukaan kasar

(c) Air resistance reduces the acceleration of the trolley// trolley moves slower 1
(d) Trolley moves slower on rough surface than on frictionless slope 1
(e)(i) EP = mgh
= 0.5 x 10 x 0.7 1
= 3.5 J 1
(ii) Total energy = KE top + EP
= 3.0 + 3.5 1
= 6.5 J 1
TOTAL 10

Soalan (2) Jawapan Markah

7(a) Pascal’s Principle 1
(b) When the small piston is pressed down, the pressure is exerted on the liquid 1
and transmitted uniformly to the large piston
The higher force is produced by big piston and pushes the chair up 1
(c) Some of the force is used to compress air bubbles 1
(d) F1 = 700 x 20 1
100

F1 = 140 N 1
(e)(i) Increase the cross sectional area of the big piston // Decrease the size of the 1
small piston
To increase the force multiplier 1
(ii) Enlarge the size of the seat 1
To accommodate the larger bodies of adults //To withstand the heavier adults 1
without damage
TOTAL 10

2
 Soalan (3) Jawapan Markah
7(a) (i) Increase 1
( ii) Pressure 1
(b) Pressure Law 1
(c ) T2 = P2 T1 1
P1

= 230 x 300 1
200

= 345 K // 72 °C 1

( d) (i) Wider surface area 1

(ii ) The pressure exerted on road is reduced 1
(iii ) Thick tyre thread 1
( iv) To give better grip to the road 1
TOTAL 10

Soalan (4) Jawapan Markah

7 (a)(i) Temperature increase, resistance decrease 1
(ii) - Lines drawn on the graph. 1
-1.35 Ω 1
(b)(i) 1
Output
R
0
1
1
1

(ii) OR 1

(iii) 1

(c)(i) To control the current flows into the base terminal. 1

(ii) At night, no light fall on the LDP, resistance, R of LDP increase. 1
As R increase, the voltage, V across the LDP also increase.
V across the base circuit > Vmin , this will switch on the transistor and the 1
collector circuit works.
(iii) The voltage 6 V in the collector circuit will not light up the bulb. 1

TOTAL 10

3
 Soalan (5) Jawapan Markah
7 (a) Radioactivity is the spontaneous disintegration of unstable nucleus with the 1
emission of energetic particles or photons.
(b)(i) X - alpha particle 1
Z - beta particle 1
(ii) Z is lighter than X 1
(c)(i) Nuclear Fission 1

(ii) 56 1

(iii) E = mc2

= (2.988 x 10 -11 )(3 x 108) 2 1

= 2.67 x 10 -11 J 1

(d)(i) -strong radioactive substances are handled using remote controlled mechanical 1
arms from a safe distance //weak radioactive substance can be handled by
forceps//workers should wear a special badge //wearing protective suits and
gears such as gloves, eye glasses//
(ii) -to avoid direct contact 1
- detect the amount of radiation they are exposed to//
* the reason should be related to the answer given in (d)(i)
TOTAL 10

Soalan (6) Jawapan Markah

7(a)(i) The energy transferred from a hot object to a cold object // the energy transfer 1
because of the difference in temperature
(a)(ii) 1
The temperature of the forehead is higher than the temperature of the pad
Heat is transferred from the forehead to the pad
1
(b) 36 – 15 1
Q = 30 g × 4.3 J g–1 oC–1 × (36 – 15) oC 1
= 2709 J 1
(c) Cadangan
Increase the mass of the gel 1
Alasan
The heat removed increases with the mass of the gel // the heat removed is 1
directly proportional to the mass
Cadangan
Use a gel with higher specific heat capacity 1
Alasan
The heat removed increases with the specific heat capacity of the gel // the heat 1
removed is directly proportional to the specific heat capacity of the gel
TOTAL 10

4
Soalan (1) Jawapan Markah
8 (a)(i) The degree of hotness of an object 1
(a)(ii) M1 1 x 103 (1.0 x 60) = 0.05 c (78 – 20) 1
M2 2.069 x 104 Jkg-1oC-1 1
(b) M1 0.05 (2.069 x 105)(78 – θ) = 2.0 (4 200) (θ – 28) 1
M2 33.5 oC 1
(c)(i) M1 Polystyrene
2
M2 Good heat insulator
(c)(ii) M1 Big
M2 Do not easily absorbed heat from surrounding // Not 2
easily hot // Not easily releases heat to the ice
(c)(iii) M1 Big
2
M2 Prevent heat from outside to easily enter
(d) S 1
TOTAL 12

Soalan (2) Jawapan Markah

8(a)

(b) Real, diminished, inverted 1

(c)(i) 1/f = 1/u +1/v
2
v = 15 cm
(ii) m = v/u m = 0.5 1
(d)(i) Objective lens = convex lens Y
2
Eyepiece = convex lens X
(ii) Power of convex lens X > power of convex lens Y 1
(iii)

TOTAL 12

5
 Soalan (3) Jawapan Markah
8(a)(i) Longitudinal wave / mechanical wave 1
(ii) No sound / sound cannot be heard 1
(iii) Sound wave cannot propagate // sound energy cannot be transferred 1
(b) Draw correctly 1
P = Infrared 1
(c)(i)
Q = Ultraviolet 1
(ii) Gamma ray / ultraviolet / x-Ray 1
(iii) Can kills the life cell / skin burn or skin cancer / 1
(iv) Radio wave / microwave 1
(v) High frequency / high energy / high penetrating power / less diffracted 1
(vi) Gamma Ray 1
(vii) high energy / high penetrating power 1
TOTAL 12

Soalan (4) Jawapan Markah

(a) When the voltage supplied is 6V the power produce is 12 W // 1
The bulb consume 12 J of energy per second when 6 V voltage supplied.
(b) Diagram 8.1 - Series 1
Diagram 8.2 - Parallel 1
(c) • Voltage for each bulb in Diagram 8.2 more than Diagram 8.1 1
• Total resistance in Diagram 8.2 less than Diagram 8.1 1
// Current flow in each bulb in Diagram 8.2 is more than in Diagram 8.1
(d)(i) R1 = 4 + 4 + 4
= 12 Ω 1
V 6 .0
I= = (substitution) 1
R 12
= 0.5 A (answer + correct unit)
(d)(ii) 1 1 1 1 3 4
= + + = , RT = = 1. 33 Ω
R 4 4 4 4 3 1
6.0
I T= = 4.5 A
1.33
4.5
I flow each bulb = (substitution) 1
3
= 1.5 A ( Answer + correct unit)
(e)(i) Diagram 8.2 1
(e)(ii) • If one bulb blow another bulb can still function 1
• less effective resistance //more current flow 1

TOTAL 12

Soalan (5) Jawapan Markah

8 (a) Electromagnetic induction 1
(b) 1. W and Z 1
2. X and Z 1
(c)(i) W and Z 1
(c)(ii) Highest ratio of number of turns of secondary coil to number of turns of 1
NS
primary coil // highest
NP

6
(d)(i) Efficiency 1
Input power (Input power
Kecekapan
Kuasa input correct)
Pout
e=
Pin = (VP IP) / W Pin 1
(Efficiency
60 W 0.80 correct)
60 W 0.90
1
72 W 0.80 (decimal
72 W 0.90 place)
(d)(ii) A and B (accept e.c.f.) 1
(d)(iii) B and D (accept e.c.f.) 1
(d)(iv) Highest efficiency 1
(d)( v) Transformer B 1
TOTAL 12

Soalan (1) Jawapan Markah

9 (a) (i) mass x velocity // the product of mass and velocity 1
(ii) Diagram 9.1 – time for change of momentum is shorter/ 1
Diagram 9.2 – time for change of momentum is longer
Diagram 9.1 – force acting on Spiderman is higher 1
Time for change of momentum is longer so the impulsive force is smaller // 1
vice versa.
Rate of change of momentum produces impulsive force 1

(iii) Impulsive force 1

(b) Gloves are made of soft material 1
Without wearing boxing gloves, the time for change of momentum is shorter. 1
The impulsive force is larger 1
Thai boxer 1
Characteristics Explanation
Reinforced passenger The passenger should remain 1/1
compartment. intact during a collision. It is
made of high tensile strength steel
that is able to withstand large
forge. 1/1
Crumple zones at the front and Lengthen the time of collision,
back portion. hence reduces the impulsive force.
Safety belt Prevent passenger from jerking 1/1
forward when the bus stop
suddenly. 1/1
Air bag Lengthen the time of collision
1/1
Shatter proof windscreen Break into small pieces with blunt
edges. 1/1
Narrow at the front shape. To decrease air friction
1/1
High strength and high rigidity of To decrease the possibilities to
material. become dented.
**Any 5 correct modifications and explanation

TOTAL 20

7
 Soalan (2) Jawapan Markah
9(a) Mass x velocity 1
(b) The shape of ball A doesn’t change. The shape of ball B reduce 1
Velocity ball A > velocity ball B 1
Time impact ball B > time impact ball A 1
When time impact increase, impulsive force decrease 1
When time impact increase, velocity decrease 1
(c) Increase collision time 1
Impulsive force decrease 1
collision time is inversely proportional Impulsive force/ F=mv-mu/t 1
Reduce the injury 1
Aspect MODIFICATION
can decreases the time interval of collision so
High tension of
increase the impulsive force// ball move faster// 1/1
string for this racket
produce high power

Low the thickness of can decrease the string frequency and make
the string velocity of the ball higher. 1/1

Low density of frame

Make the racket lighter.
material 1/1
High the strength of
Long lasting.
the frame
1/1
Decreases the time interval of collision so
Hit the ball harder
increase the impulsive force
1/1
TOTAL 20

Soalan (3) Jawapan Markah

9 (a) Degree of hotness. 1
(b) Mass of the water in diagram 9.1 < 9.2 1
The reading in of thermometer in 9.3 < 9.4 1
The rate of heat loss from water in Diagram 9.3 >9.4 1
Mass decreases, the rate of heat loss is increases 1
When the mass increases quantity of heat increases 1
(c) Water has high specific heat capacity 1
When water in tube pass through the engine it can absorb large amount of heat. 1
Once water reach the radiator, the heat of the water absorbed by the fin blade 1
of the radiator.
The fan in the radiator pushes/blows the heat out of the car. 1
(d) Aspects Reasons
high specific capacity of inner small change in temperature // 1/1
box keep hot longer time.
material X made of good heat prevent heat from flow out 1/1
insulator
Low density of material X Low mass // light 1/1

Low density of outer box Low mass // light 1/1

shiny colour of outer box Reflect heat from outside 1/1

TOTAL 20

8
 Soalan (4) Jawapan Markah
9 (a)(i) Buoyant force is the upward force resulting from an object being wholly or 1
partially immersed in a fluid
(ii) Water level in Diagram 9.1 is lower than in Diagram 9.2 // vice-versa 1
Volume of water displaced in Diagram 9.1 is less than in Diagram 9.2 // vice- 1
versa
(iii) Mass of load in Diagram 9.1 is less than in Diagram 9.2. 1
When mass of load increases, weight of cargo also increases. // Thus volume of
water displaced increases and buoyant force increases. // directly proportional.
Buoyant force = weight of cargo and load // 1
Weight of water displaced = weight of cargo and load
(iv) Archimedes’ Principle 1
Archimedes Principle states that when an object is wholly or partially 1
immersed in a fluid, the buoyant force is equal to the weight of water
displaced.
(b) The denser the liquid is, the hydrometer will float higher / The reading of 1
hydrometer is higher.
On the scale of a hydrometer the zero reading is on top. The reading increases 1
as it go down the scale.
Bigger values on the lower part of the scale. Thus, the denser the object is, the 1
higher the hydrometer float and it gives a greater reading.
(c)
Modifications Explanation

Use material of low density To build the body of the ship

lighter. 1/1
Stronger It can withstand the rough sea as it
1/1
travel far.
Use more partition to store the oil. To reduce the effect of inertia.
1/1
Aerodynamic in shape. To reduce air resistance.
1/1
Slippery body. To reduce water resistance
1/1
Increase the size of the oil tanker. To increase the volume to increase 1/1
the capacity.
Use diesel in the engine. Safe energy 1/1
**Any 5 correct modifications and explanation and other related answer.
TOTAL 20

9
Soalan (1) Jawapan Markah
10(a)(i) State the reason correctly 1
- To ensure constant velocity of water wave / ripple.

(ii) Name the water wave phenomenon correctly 1

- Interference

(iii) State the amplitude of wave correctly 1

- Zero or minimum
(iv) Diagram showing superposition of a crest and a trough 1
Diagram showing the resultant amplitude 1
- zero // minimum // smaller than the original amplitude

(b)(i) Compare the distance between vibrators correctly 1

- The distance in Diagram 10.1 is higher
(ii) Compare the distance between the adjacent nodal line correctly 1
- The distance in Diagram 10.1 is smaller
(iii) Compare the wavelength correctly 1
- Same
(iv) State the relationship between a and x correctly 1
- The higher the a, the smaller the x // a inversely proportional to x //

Reject Equation

(c) (i) Suggest the number of loudspeakers correctly 1

- Increase the number of loudspeakers // use more loudspeakers
Give the reason correctly 1
- To produce louder sound // Sound transmitted covers a bigger area
(ii) Suggest position of the loudspeaker correctly 1
- Placed at all corners // different locations
Give the reason correctly 1
- Cover a bigger area // the spectators around the area can hear clearly
(iii) Suggest the amplification correctly 1
- High amplification
Give the reason correctly 1
- to produce louder sound // sound can travel further

(d) Give the choice of D correctly 1

- Large/big
Give the reason correctly 1
- Less diffraction // spreading // sound travels straight
Give the choice of L correctly 1
- Large/big
Give the reason correctly 1
- Vibrates more air // produces louder sound
TOTAL 20

10
Soalan (2) Jawapan Markah
10 (a)(i) State the reason correctly 1
- To show the pattern of the electric field
(ii) Suggest the aspect of the shape of the electrode correctly 1
- Rectangular plate
Give the reason correctly 1
- To produce parallel electric field
Suggest the size of the electrode correctly 1
- Bigger
Give the reason correctly 1
- To produce a stronger electric field
Suggest the distance between the electrodes correctly 1
- Closer
Give the reason correctly 1
- Electric field will be stronger
Suggest the magnitude of the power supply correctly 1
- Higher
Give the reason correctly 1
- To produce a stronger electric field / magnitude of the electric field
depends on the voltage / potential difference across the plate
Suggest the size of the grain correctly 1
- smaller / smaller mass
Give the reason correctly 1
- Can move faster
(b) Compare the brightness of the bulbs correctly 1
- The bulb in Circuit A is dimmer / vice versa
Compare the thickness of the connecting wire correctly 1
- The connecting wire in Circuit A is thinner / vice versa
Relate the brightness of the bulb and the current correctly 1
- The higher the current, the brighter the bulb / vice versa
Relate the current and the resistance of the wire correctly 1
- The higher the current, the lower the resistance / vice versa
State the relationship between the thickness of the connecting wire and 1
resistance correctly
- The thicker the wire, the smaller the resistance / vice versa
(c)(i) State the reason correctly 1
- No, because the graph is not a straight line
(ii) State the answer to the resistance correctly 1
- The resistance of the filament increases
Relate the temperature and the current correctly 1
- The higher the current, the higher the temperature of the filament bulb
Relate the resistance of the filament and the gradient of the graph 1
correctly
- As the current increases, the gradient of the graph / the ratio of the voltage
and current increases
State the relationship between resistance and gradient of the graph 1
correctly
-Resistance is the gradient of the graph
[Any 4 marks]
TOTAL 20

11
 Soalan (3) Jawapan Markah
10(a) Flemming’s left hand rule 1
(b) The reading of ammeter in Diagram 10.2 > in Diagram 10.1 1
Angle of deflection of copper wire coil in Diagram 10.2 > in Diagram 10.1 1
The strength of magnetic field in Diagram 10.1and Diagram 10.2 is the same
The bigger the reading of ammeter the bigger the deflection of copper wire coil 1
The bigger the magnitude of current, the bigger the force on current carrying 1
conductor

1
(c) Current flow in copper coil produce magnetic field 1
And interact with magnetic field of permanent magnet 1
Produce catapult field 1
And force on copper coil 1
(d)
Suggestion / Modification Explanation / Reason
Many number of turns of coil Increase the strength of magnetic 2
field produced
Soft iron core To concentrate the magnetic field 2
line
Curve magnet To produce radial magnetic field 2

Lower stiffness The pointer easy to deflect 2

Strip mirror under the pointer // Has Avoid parallax error // to correct the 2
adjustment screw zero error

TOTAL 20

12
Soalan (1) Jawapan Markah
11(a)(i) The ability of an object to return to its original size / length / shape when the 1
force that is acting on it is removed.
(b) When the girl jumps on the trampoline bed, the force 1
of the jump stretches the springs.
As the springs are stretched, they store elastic potential energy. 1
At that point, the potential energy in the springs is converted to kinetic energy,
and the springs begin to restore themselves to their initial position. 1
The kinetic energy provided by the springs pushes the girl up into the air and
change to potential energy. 1

(c) Characteristic Reason

Use smaller spring constant The spring will be softer 2
One spring in series Sensitive to the force aplied 2
Use longer spring Can measure more weight 2
Low rasting rate Can use for longer time 2
R is chosen because it has smaller spring constant, use one spring
in series, the lenght of spring is long and low rusting rate 2

(d) (i) Extension ( 21-15 ) cm= 6 cm 1

300g-------6 cm
100g-------2 cm
500g--------2 x 5 = 10 cm 1
Length of spring = 15 + 10 = 25 cm 1

(ii) Ep = ½ Fx
= ½ ( 10 ) ( 0.2 ) 1
= 1.0 J 1

TOTAL 20

13
 Soalan (2) Jawapan Markah
11(a) Aerofoil 1

(b) (i) The shape of cross section of the wing causes the speed of airflow above the 1
wings to be higher than the speed of airflow below.
When the speed of moving air is higher the pressure is lower. 1
Hence air pressure below the wings is higher compare to above the wings. 1

(ii) Bernoulli’s principle 1

( c) Characteristic Reason
A shape of cross section To produce the speed of airflow above 2
which is upper side is the wings to be higher than the speed of
higher Than the air below
bottom//aerofoil
Large area of the wing The larger the lift force 2
Low density of the wing Less weight// produce more upward 2
material force
The higher the difference in The higher the difference in pressure 2
speed of air
P was chosen Because shape of aerofoil,large area of the wing, 2
Low density of the wing and the higher the difference in speed of air
(d) (i) F = PxA
= 500 x 40 1
= 20 000 N 1

(ii) Resultant Force =20 000- 800(10) 1

= 12 000 N 1
Direction of Force= upwards 1

TOTAL 20

14
 Soalan (3) Jawapan Markah
11 (a) (i) Focal point is a point which incident parallel rays converge after refracted 1
through a lens.

(a)(ii) 4

M1-place object correctly

M2-draw two rays refracted out
M3-two rays diverge to form image
M4-image

(b) Characteristic Reason

Type of the Projection lens : Can produce real image 2
convex
Surface of the reflector: shiny Reflect more light 2

Power of the bulb: high Can produce bright light 2

Distance between LCD to the Can produce large image 2

screen: far
S is chosen because it uses convex lens, has shiny surface, high bulb 2
power and far from the screen.
(C ) (i) 1 = 1 + 1 , v = -15 cm , 1
f u v

1 1  1 
= −  1
u 10  − 15 

u = 6 cm 1
(ii) v = hi
u ho

15 × 3
hi = 1
6
1
= 7.5 cm
TOTAL 20

15
 Soalan (1) Jawapan Markah
12 (a)(i) A transformer is a device that steps up or steps down the voltage of an 1
alternating current. [1]
(ii) Transformer Q 1
Ns>Np 1
(b)(i) Vs = Ns Vp = 500 x 240 1
Np 2000
= 60V 1
Vs = 1000 x 110 1
500
= 220 V 1
(c) • Heating effect in the coils 1
• Eddy currents in the coils 1
• Leakage of magnetic flux 1
• The magnetisation and demagnetisation of the core
Maximum 3
Characteristic Explanation
Low resistivity To reduce heat loss in the cables 2
Low density The cables will be lighter 2
Low cost Cost of project will be lower 2
Low rate of thermal The cables will not expand under hot
expansion weather 2
• Cable Q 1
• Low resistivity, low density, medium cost, low rate of thermal expansion 1
TOTAL 20

16
 Soalan (2) Jawapan Markah
(a) Semikonduktor adalah bahan yang mempunyai kekonduksian elektrik 1
yang lebih baik daripada penebat tetapi lebih lemah daripada konduktor

(b) Atom trivalen // Boron // Indium didopkan ke dalam silikon. 1

Proses doping ini akan menghasilkan ikatan kovalen antara atom-atom 1

silikon dengan atom-atom trivalen

Meninggalkan satu lohong dalam setiap ikatan 1

Pembawa cas majoriti adalah cas positif iaitu lohong 1

(c)
2

Saya memilih litar Y kerana PPC disambung pada litar tapak, ada 1
perintang tapak, terminal positif bateri disambung ke kaki pengumpul
dan LED disambung ke kaki pengumpul. 1

d) (i) Ic = 0 1

(ii) Ie = Ib + Ic
1
= 5 × 10-3 + 100×10-6
= 5.1 × 10-3 A 1

(iii)

TOTAL 20

17
Soalan (3) Jawapan Markah
12(a) State the meaning correctly 1
- Unstable isotope

(b) State the explanation correctly

- When the water level is high, radioactive rays pass through the 1
water
- Water absorbs part of the radiation 1
- Detector shows reading decreases 1
- Detector activates the outlet valve controller to open the outlet valve 1

(c) State the suitable initial activity and reason correctly

1 High 1
2 Much higher than the background radiation 1
State the suitable radioactive emission and reason correctly
3 Beta 1
4 High penetrating power and less dangerous to the user 1
State the suitable half-life and reason correctly
5 Long 1
6 Can last longer / no need to change often 1
State the suitable physical state and reason correctly
7 High 1
8 Always in solid state which is easier to handle 1
State most suitable choice of radioisotope and justification
correctly
9 R // Iron-60 1
10 High initial activity, emission of beta particle with long half-life, and 1
changes from solid to liquid at 1538 oC.

(d) State the number of neutrons correctly

(i) - 83-35 // 48 1

(ii) State the element produced correctly

- krypton 1

(iii) State the decay equation correctly

1
- 83 Br 83 Kr 0e
35 36 -1

(iv) State the number of half-life correctly

9.6
- // 4 // 4 decays by showing 4 arrows in the substitution 1
2.4
Correct answer with unit
- 24 counts per minute 1
TOTAL 20

18
SKEMA PEMARKAHAN KERTAS 3

SOALAN JAWAPAN MARKAH

1 (a) Speed/Velocity/Acceleration of object depends on the height of inclined 1

plane.

(b) The higher the inclined plane,the greater the speed/acceleration of object. 1

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between the height and the 1

speed/acceleration.

(ii) Manipulated : height 1

Responding : speed/acceleration
Constant : mass/weight of trolley 1

(iii) Ticker timer, ticker tape, a.c. power supply, trolley, track/ramp, wooden 1
block, meter rule

(iv) Ticker timer

Ticker tape
tali
Runway
kenyal
landasan

h
1

Power supply Wooden block trolley

bekalan kuasa
(v) 1. Set up a sloping runway using h =20cm as shown. 1
2. A trolley is placed at the top point of the runway and given a
push down the slope
s
3. Speed is calculated using v = where s is the length of the 1
t
10 ticktape and t = number of ticks (10 ticks) x 0.02 1
4. Steps 1 to 4 is repeated using 2 blocks, 3 blocks , 4 blocks and 5
blocks
(vi) Height Length of ticker tape, Time taken, Speed , v
h (cm) s ( cm ) t(s) ( cms-1 )
0.2 1
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
(vii) Speed / cm s-1

h / cm

19
2(a) Pressure depends on surface area 1

(b) The bigger the surface area, the lower the pressure. 1

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between pressure and surface area 1

(ii) Manipulated : surface area 1

Responding : pressure
Constant Variable : Force// type of plasticine 1

(iii) 5 wooden rods, weight, plasticine and meter rule 1

(iv)

(v) Set up the apparatus as shown on the diagram 1

Record the surface area of the wooden rod example x cm2
Put weight on the wooden rod
Read and record the depth of the hole of plasticine. 1
Repeat the experiment 4 times with the difference surface areas of wooden 1
rod.

(vi) Surface area /cm-2 Depth/ cm

X1
X2 1
X3
X4
X5
(vii) Plot the graph of Pressure against surface area OR
Pressure

Surface area

Accept the symbols P and A if the meaning is mentioned before

20
3(a) The change in temperature of water depends on its volume / mass 1

(b) The greater the volume / mass, the smaller the change in temperature 1

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between the volume / mass and rise in 1
temperature

(ii) Manipulated : Mass/volume of water.

Responding : Change in temperature. 1

Constant : Time/power supply. 1

(iii) Power supply, immersion heater, connecting wires, beaker, stirrer, 1

thermometer, water, measuring cylinder / balance , heater and stop watch

(iv)

(v) 20 cm3//g of water is heated by an immersion heater for 5 minutes. 1

Initial temperature of water is recorded, T1
Final temperature is recorded after 5 minutes, T2
Change in temperature, T1 –T2 is determined 1
Repeat step 1 and 2 using 40 cm3, 60 cm3, 80 cm3 and 100 cm3 of water. 1
(vi) Volume/ cm3 // Rise in temperature /ºC
20
40 1
60
80
100

(vii)

21
4(a) The rate of cooling of an object depends on its mass. 1

(b) The rate of cooling of water increases as its mass decreases. 1

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between the rate of cooling of water and its 1
mass.

(ii) Manipulated : mass of water // m

Responding : Rate of cooling 1

Constant : Initial temperature / Final temperature 1

(iii) Beaker 250 cm3, measuring cylinder, water, electric heater.stopwatch, 1

thermometer.

(iv)

(v) 1. Apparatus is set as shown in the above figure.

2. Water is heated to 55oC.
3. 50 g of water is placed in a 250 ml beaker with a thermometer 1
immersed in the water.
4. The stopwatch is started when the temperature of the water is at
50oC. The stopwatch is stopped when the temperature reaches 35oC.
The time, t is recorded. 1
5. The experiment is repeated using volumes of water 100 g, 150
g, 200 g and 250 g 1

(vi) Mass / g Time / s

50
100 1
150
200
250
(vii)

22
5(a) The volume of the cake depends on the temperature 1

(b) The higher the temperature, the higher the volume 1

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between temperature and volume 1

(ii) Manipulated : Temperature

Responding : Volume 1
Constant : Mass of gas 1

(iii) Capillary tube, thermometer, Bunsen burner, beaker, metre rule, stirrer, 1
ice, concentrated sulphuric acid, water and retort stand and clamp.

(iv)

(v)
1. The water is heated and stirred continuously. 1
2. The water is heated until it reaches 40°C. 1
3. The length, h, of trapped air column in the capillary tube is measured
with ruler.
4. The volume is calculated by using V = Ah. 1
6. The experiment is repeated with temperature 50°C, 60°C, 70°C and
80°C.

(vi) Temperature Length of air Volume

40
50 1
60
70
80

(vii)

OR

23
6(a) The distance of image ( apparent depth ) depends on the depth of water 1

(b) The greater the depth of water, the greater the apparent depth of image. 1

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between the apparent depth of image and 1
depth of water.

(ii) Manipulated : depth of water

Responding : apparent depth of image 1
Constant : density of liquid 1
(iii) Tall beaker, water, optic pins, retort stand, meter rule. 1

(iv)

(v) A pin is placed at the base of the beaker.

Another pin is clamped to the retort clamp outside the beaker.
Fill beaker with water to a depth of d1 = 8 cm.
1
Move the pin outside the beaker to obtain the apparent position of the pin
in the beaker.
Measure the position of the pin from the surface of the water to the pin, h1
Repeat the previous steps by increasing the depth of water : d2, d3, d4, d5,. 1
Determine the corresponding apparent depth, h2, h3, h4, h5 1
(vi) Depth of water/ Apparent
cm depth/cm
8 1
12
16
20
24
(vii) Apparent depth/cm

depth of water/cm

24
7(a) The focal length of the lens depends on the thickness of the lens 1

(b) The thicker the lens, the shorter the focal length 1

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between the thickness of lens and the 1
focal length

(ii) Manipulated : Thickness of lens

Responding : focal length 1
Constant : type of lens//object distance 1
(iii) Vernier calipers, white paper, pencil, ray box, convex lens, metre rule and 1
plate with 5 slits.

(iv)

(v) 1. The thickness of the convex lens is measured by using vernier calipers.
2. A convex lens of 0.2 cm is placed on a piece of white paper and the 1
shape of the lens is traced.
3. Parallel rays of light from the ray box are directed to the convex lens.
4. The point to which the rays converge after passing through the lens is
marked F and is the focal point of the lens.
5. The distance from F to the lens is measured and is the focal length of 1
the lens.
6. The experiment is repeated by using other lenses with different
1
thickness of 0.4 cm, 0.6 cm, 0.8 cm and 1.0 cm.
(vi) Thickness of Focal length
lens/ cm / cm
0.2
0.4
0.6 1
0.8
1.0
(vii)

25
8(a) The distance / separation between the arms affect the distance / separation 1
between the loud sounds

(b) The smaller the distance / separation between the arms, the greater is the 1
distance / separation between the loud sounds

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between the separation between two 1

loudspeakers and the distance between the position of the loud sounds

(ii) Manipulated variable : separation between loudspeakers

Responding variable : distance between position of loud sounds 1
Constant variable : Frequency of the sound // wavelength of
1
the sound // Distance of the line of
observation to the loudspeakers

(iii) Two loudspeakers, signal generator, metre rule / measuring tape, 1

(microphone, cathode ray oscilloscope)

(iv)

(v) The two loudspeakers are placed at a distance, a = 0.4 m apart. 1

The positions of two successive loud sounds is determined and the 1
distance, x, between them is measured with a metre rule
The procedure is repeated for the values of a = 0.8 m, 1.2 m, 1.6 m, 2.0 m 1
(vi) a/m x/m
0.4
0.8 1
1.2
1.6
2.0
(vii) A graph of x against a is drawn 1

26
9(a) Current//Resistance depends on the length of wire 1

(b) When the length of wire increases, the electric current decreases// 1
resistance increases.

(c)(i) To study the relationship between the electric current// resistance and the 1
length of wire

(ii) Manipulated variable : The length of wire

Responding variable : The electric current//resistance 1
Fixed variable : The diameter of wire/E.m.f 1
(iii) Constantan wire, dry cells, ammeter and metre rule// 1
Constantan wire, dry cells, ammeter, metre rule and voltmeter.
(iv)

(v) 1- A length of constantan wire l = 20.0 cm is measured by 1

using metre rule and is connected across terminal X and Y.
1
2- The switch is closed and the electric current, I is recorded by
using ammeter.// and voltmeter then resistance, R is calculated. 1
3- The experiment is repeated with constantan wires of length l = 30.0 cm,
40.0 cm, 50.0 cm and 60.0 cm

(vi) 1
The length The electric The voltage, V
of wire, l / current, I / A V/V R=
I /Ω
cm
20
30
40
50
60

(vii) A graph of R against l is drawn 1

27
10(a) The magnitude of (induced) current depends on number of turns. 1

(b) When number of turns increases, the (magnitude of induced) current 1

increases

(c)(i) To investigate the relationship between number of turns and (magnitude 1

of induced) current

(ii) Manipulated : Number of turns

Responding : Current 1
Fixed : speed 1
(iii) Bar magnet,solenoid, metre rule, ammeter 1

(iv)
Bar magnet

Insulated copper wire ammeter

(v) A solenoid with a number of turns, N = 20 turns is placed vertically.

The height of a bar magnet from the above of top end of the solenoid, H = 1
30.cm is measured

The bar magnet is dropped into the solenoid.

The reading of the ammeter (Current), I is measured.(1m) 1

The experiment is repeated with different solenoids of N = 40 turns, 60 1

turns, 80 turns and 100 turns.

(vi) Number of turns, N Induced Current, I (A)

20
40
60
80 1
100
(vii) A graph of I against N is plotted. 1

28