MTH 311: Analysis

Assignment 1
August 7, 2018

1. Prove that :
(a) Q is countable.
(b) R is uncountable.
2. Find the supremum and infimum of the following sets :
(a) If S = { n1 − m
1
| n, m ∈ N},
2n+1
(b) S = { n+1 | n ∈ N}.
3. Suppose S is an ordered set with the least upper bound property. Let B ⊂ S, B 6= ∅ and B is bounded below.
Let L be the set of all lower bounds of B. Show that :
(a) α = sup L exists in S,
(b) α = inf B.
4. Let p be a prime. Let A = {r ∈ Q+ : r2 < p} and B = {r ∈ Q+ : r2 > p}. Show that :
(a) A is bounded above and B is bounded below.
(b) A has no upper bound in A and B has no lower bound in B.
(c) A has no least upper bound in Q and B has no greatest lower bound in Q.
5. Let A be a nonempty set of real numbers which is bounded below. Let −A be the set {−x | x ∈ A}.
Prove that :
inf A = −sup(−A).
6. (Density theorem) Let x and y be any real numbers with x < y. Prove that there exists a rational number r
(= m/n) such that x < r < y.
7. (Approximation property) Let ∅ =
6 S ⊂ R with sup S = b. Then, show that for every a < b, there is some
x ∈ S such that
a < x ≤ b.
8. (Additive property) Given two non-empty subsets A, B of R , let
C = {x + y : x ∈ A, y ∈ B}.
Show that if each of A and B has a supremum, then
sup C = sup A + sup B.

9. (Multiplicative property) Let A and B be two sets of positive numbers bounded above with a = sup A and
b = sup B. Let C = {xy : x ∈ A, y ∈ B}. Prove that ab = sup C.
10. (Comparison property) Given nonempty subsets A, B of R such that
x ≤ y ∀ x ∈ A, y ∈ B.
Show that if B has a supremum, then A has a supremum and
sup A ≤ sup B.