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EDUCATION
2018
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Education during the British days
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Progress in the Last Sixty Years (1947-2OO7)
……CONTINUED 8
This goal turned out to be elusive and the deadline for
its achievement has been put back repeatedly in the
past sixty years.
However, there has been very encouraging progress in
schooling participation and other educational outcome
indicators in recent times.
The 86th constitutional amendment (2002), & the RTE
Act (2009) have given the tools to provide quality
education.
……CONTINUED
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Making elementary education available to all children
was possible 60 years after the Constitution
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What is Learnt, how is it presented?
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• Development professionals discuss
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Extremely vulnerable ones
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Not attending,
drop-out in a few months?
Focus must be on the factors that
prevent children from regularly
attending & completing elementary
education. Children from
weaker sections and
disadvantaged groups, as also
girls.
SOCIAL,CULTURAL,ECONOMIC,
LINGUISTIC AND PEDAGOGIC ISSUES
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Reservation of 25% seats in private
schools for children from poor families
The school may be Social, economic,
there but students may cultural, linguistic,
not attend, or drop out pedagogic issues
after a few months. Denial or violation of the
Through school & social right to elementary
mapping, many issues education process
need to be addressed requires to be
that prevent a weak overcome with the
child from completing encouragement and
the process of enlightenment of the
education. weak & vulnerable.
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Free, compulsory and of high quality
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Timely & appropriate financial allocations,
redesign school spaces
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"We are committed to ensuring that all
children, irrespective of gender and social
category, have access to education. An
education that enables them to acquire
the skills, knowledge, values and
attitudes necessary to become
responsible and active citizens of India.”
Manmohan Singh
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India’s Age: YOUNG INDIA
172,890,000)
15-64 years: 63.6%
India’s Average:
Total: 25 years
Male: 25 years
Female: 26 years
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Literacy rate
(percentage of adults who can read and write)
RTE ACT:
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Costs of financing education for R T E
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Costs of financing education for R T E
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The 86th constitutional amendment (2002),
And the RTE Act (2009), gave us the tools
to provide quality education to all our
children. It is now imperative that we the
people of India join hands to ensure the
implementation of this law in its true spirit.
The Government is committed to this task
though real change will happen through
collective action. But there are lapses….
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Deccan Herald, Sunday, Aug. 26, 2018
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Let us categorize Indian schools into three major types:
government or ‘public’ schools run by state, central or
local government aided schools and private schools. At
the elementary school level, aided schools constitute only
around five percent of all schools in the country. We
focus entirely on private schools comparing them with
government schools over the four-year period 2010-11
to 2014-15.The total enrolment in government schools
over this period actually fell by 11.1 million students while
the total enrolment in private schools rose by 16 million
students.
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In some states, the growth of private schooling was very
pronounced. For example in Uttar Pradesh (UP) over
this short four-year period, the number of private schools
rose by 31,196, private school enrolment rose by nearly
7 million students and government school enrolment fell
by 2.6 million students.
The abandonment of government schools and the
shift towards private schools is also visible when we
examine how the number of government schools that
are ‘small’ or ‘tiny’ has increased over time.
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Despite their ubiquitous and growing presence, relatively
little is known about private schools in India, largely
because government statistics have tended to ignore
them in data collection exercises, not just in the National
Council of Educational Research and Training's
(NCERT) National Achievement Surveys of children’s
learning levels, but also in terms of collecting data on
their teacher absence rates, salary levels and pupil fee
levels. In some states, the growth of private schooling
was very pronounced.
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Relative merits of government
Versus
private schools.
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Recent research has looked at teacher motivation and
its impact on students‟ learning, and many of these
studies have highlighted the pervasiveness of the
phenomenon of teacher absence and inactivity in
government schools. If more able or more highly
motivated students go to private schools then any
private school achievement advantage over government
schools, after controlling for observed student and
family characteristics, cannot be attributed to school-
type.
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Costs of financing education
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There is an increasing pressure on the Secondary
Schools to expand capacity. To meet this demand a
number of schemes for Secondary Education are being
implemented viz. (i) Rashtriya Madhyamic Shiksha
Abhiyan (RMSA); (ii) Setting up of Model Schools; (iii)
Setting up Girls’ Hostels in Secondary and Senior
Secondary Schools; (iv) National Scheme of Incentive to
Girls for Secondary Education (NSIGSE); (v) Inclusive
Education for the Disabled at the Secondary Stage
(IEDSS); and (vi) National Merit-cum-Means Scholarship
Scheme (NMMS) and (vii) Scheme of ICT in Schools.
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Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA):
This scheme is being implemented with the
objective to enhance access to secondary
education and improve its quality. The schemes
envisages inter alia, to enhance the enrollment at
secondary stage by providing a secondary school
within a reasonable distance of habitation, with an
aim to ensure GER of 100% by 2017 and
universal retention by 2020.
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Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA):
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