Chapter 3, Exercise 3

Run Chart of Weight1

17.25
17.20
17.15
17.10
Weight1

17.05
17.00
16.95
16.90
16.85
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Observation
Number of runs about median: 12 Number of runs up or down: 15
Expected number of runs: 12.3 Expected number of runs: 15.7
Longest run about median: 5 Longest run up or down: 3
A pprox P-Value for C lustering: 0.456 A pprox P-Value for Trends: 0.369
A pprox P-Value for Mixtures: 0.544 A pprox P-Value for Oscillation: 0.631

The run chart for Shift Team A is shown above. None of the P-values is less than 0.05 so there are no
signals providing evidence of special cause variation. Thus it would appear that, when operated by Shift
Team A, the process was operating in a stable, predictable manner. Note that on moving the mouse pointer
to the reference line on the chart the median value of 16.97 is displayed.
 Run Chart of Weight2
17.35

17.30

17.25
Weight2

17.20

17.15

17.10

17.05
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
Observation
Number of runs about median: 6 Number of runs up or down: 11
Expected number of runs: 12.3 Expected number of runs: 15.7
Longest run about median: 6 Longest run up or down: 6
A pprox P-Value for C lustering: 0.003 A pprox P-Value for Trends: 0.009
A pprox P-Value for Mixtures: 0.997 A pprox P-Value for Oscillation: 0.991

Two of the P-values for the Shift Team B run chart are less than 0.05, providing evidence that special cause
variation has been affecting the process during the period that it was operated by Shift Team B. The
median is 17.25, which is further from the target of 17 than the median for the other Team.

Stem-and-Leaf Display: Weight1, Weight2

Stem-and-leaf of Weight1 N = 24
Leaf Unit = 0.010

4 168 7789
7 169 034
(8) 169 55667777
9 170 113
6 170 5567
2 171 2
1 171
1 172 2

Stem-and-leaf of Weight2 N = 24
Leaf Unit = 0.010

1 170 5
1 171
3 171 55
9 172 000000
(6) 172 555555
9 173 000000
3 173 555
The stem-and-leaf displays have features of potential interest. In the case of the Team A data all of the
digits 0, 1, 2, 3 , 4, 5, 6 , 7 , 8 and 9 appear as final digits for weights whereas for the Team B data only the
digits 0 and 5 appear. Thus there would appear to be inconsistency between teams in terms of the weight
measurement procedures - inconsistency that would likely be worth further investigation.

Boxplot of Weight1, Weight2

17.4

17.3

17.2
Data

17.1

17.0 Target = 17

16.9

16.8
Weight1 Weight2

The boxplots shown above were created and enhanced by right clicking and adding a reference line
corresponding to the target weight of 17. Double clicking on the reference line and use of Custom enabled
the colur and thicness to be changed. Doubling clicking on the referemnce line label enabled the "17" to be
edited to read "Target = 17".

End of comments on Exercise 3, Chapter 3.