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Course: Compulsory English-II Level: B.

A
Code: 1424 SPRING 2018

Assignment No: 01
Question No.1:-
Q.1 in Unit 1 of your textbook , you have learnt about formal and informal writing. Given below are
sentences having informal words. Circle the informal word or words and rewrite the sentence in a formal
style.
Answer:-
i. They bought an awesome house around the corner.
They bought a wonderful house around the corner
ii. There were lots of people at the corner.
There were many people at the corner
iii. Sara ain’t going to tell anyone.
Sara isn’t going to tell anyone
iv. Oscar started freaking out about the test.
Oscar became anxious about the test
v. When the cops arrived, the crook ran outside.
When the police arrived, the criminal ran outside
vi. He checked his cell for any messages.
He checked his cell phone for any messages.
vii. The family chilled by the pool all afternoon.
The family relaxed by the swimming pool all afternoon
viii. She bought a bunch of stuff at the mail.
She bought a lot at the mall.
ix. Hi, you alright.
Hi, you fine
x. I dunno why
I know why.

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Q.2 In Unit 2 of your textbook, you have………………………………………….boxes blew.
I along with my parents went to see the zoo. First we bought the tickets and went inside. Many people had
already come to see the animals and birds. Next, we saw a lion. It was grand and royal. Then we saw some
tigers. Afterwards we went to the enclosures of leopards, elephants, bears and foxes followed by the
monkeys and some birds. The monkeys were jumping from one branch of the tree to another. Some
monkeys were eating bananas. The birds in the zoo were very beautiful. I was very happy to see the birds. I
saw some birds for the first time. Soon after we moved to a tank. It was full of crocodiles. We also saw
some other water birds like ducks and cranes. Meanwhile we had our snacks. In the end we saw snakes
such as pythons and cobras. Lastly we saw elephants and had a ride on them. We spent three hours in the
zoo and then came back. We enjoyed a lot in the zoo.
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Q.3 In unit 3 you have learn about classification …………………………..collective nouns.
Answer:-
Common Nouns:- Moon, Football, Major, Cattle, Mosque, Phone, Address, Pen, Water, Pillow
Proper Noun:- Ali, Peshawar, Mathematics.
Abstract Noun:- Love, Angry
Collective Noun:- Army, Sugar, Stars, Chairs, Students.
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Q.4 Read the essay given below…………......... in your own words.
Answer:-
i) What are omnivores?
Omnivores are those who require both vegetable and meat. Humans are omnivores.
ii) what does a human body require to carry out its functions?
Human body requires different chemicals and substances to carry out its functions
iii) In how many categories can nutrition be divided into?
Nutrition can be divided into seven categories.
iv) What will happen if we don’t drink water?
If we don’t drink water then our bodies will be dehydrated
v) What is the percentage of water in human body?
70% of water is present in human body
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Q.5 in unit 4 of you have read about cause and effect ……………………………
Answer:-
i. The cat jumped into the water to catch the fish so I went kitchen to fill it up
ii. Smoking effected his health so he had to face many problems
iii. His arm broke in the accident therefore he did not went to school
iv. Her father died because of cancer so he was very upset
v. He was shivering due to fever as a result of drinking ice cold water

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Q.6 Write down two possible causes ……………………………..for further guidance.
Answer:-
i. Roads are blocked Why?
Cause 1 Someone parked his car in centre of road
Cause 2 Due to high rainfall
ii. Number of children suffering from polio is decreasing. Why?
Cause 1 Polio awareness has increased
Cause 2 Polio teams are going door to door to make sure children are getting polio drops
iii. He died last week. Why?
Cause 1 He had a terrible accident
Cause 2 He was suffereing from a cancer
iv. His best friend left him. Why?
Cause 1 He was showing great attitude to him
Cause 2 He was not sincere to his friend
v. It is going to rain today. Why?
Cause 1 Weather forecast indicates
Cause 2 It is thundering and lightening.
vi. He has lose in business. Why?
Cause 1 All because of his carelessness
Cause 2 He don’t know how to manage business.
vii. Aisha Failed the interview. Why?
Cause 1 She was not prepared
Cause 2 She lose her confidence
viii. I broke my cell phone. Why?
Cause 1 It was not working properly.
Cause 2 It was already broken a little
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Q7. Write down a cause and effect essay……………………………………..
“Decline of Ethics in Pakistani Politics”
Society’s accustomed positive ethical values evolve traditions which transcend to customary law of the
land. Although, such laws existed throughout the history of mankind but various religions and school of
thoughts overtime helped to establish balance in society by delivering framework to maintain the balance
in society i.e., equality, social justice and freedom.
Islamic principles and lessons for code of life embed highest standard of ethics and moral values, currently
in practice mostly by the developed world and western societies. In contrast, Muslim societies since past
few decades suffer from malicious cancer which originated from tumors of dishonesty, injustice and
inequality. Amazingly, the combined effect of ethical environment on economic prosperity is measurable
and GDP per Capita reflects our position with respect to other countries.
The use of abusive language, the hurling of baseless and damaging accusations, and the mocking of
opponents have already been accepted as political norms in Pakistan. Ironically, all this is done in the name
of upholding morality. While such practices are more or less part of the political culture of all South Asian
nations, Pakistan in particular, the morality tool is used by the powers that be to legitimise or delegitimise
certain political actors.
Interestingly, in the local diction of politics, the antonym of morality is not immorality, but corruption.
Politics and politicians are deemed immoral because they are corrupt, and loot and misuse public money.
Veteran politician Javed Hashmi is spot-on when he criticises the selective, opaque and subjective
accountability of politicians. Corruption is a disease and a crime and whoever commits it must be brought
to justice. Yet employing a selective morality approach entails the risk of not only blurring the political and
legal domains, but also providing political space to the apolitical.
Different groups seek power and legitimacy through developing their own moral orders.
The morality issue — including imposing one’s idea of morality on others — is complex and widespread in
Pakistan, and not confined to politics alone. While its varying shades reflect in our behaviours, different
institutions use it in multiple contexts. Morality is a social value, which can extract legitimacy from religion,
social contract or cultural norms, but it cannot be an alternative to the rule of law. Academically, the rule
of law is distinguished from democracy, human rights, and social justice. The rule of law does not challenge
morality and neither does it intervene in political or democratic processes. But power elites confuse the
rule of law with morality, believing that authoritarian structures can be sustained only on moral grounds.
Where does the public stand in the debate over the rule of law and morality? The PML-N leadership is
using the argument that it is the right of the people to decide the fate of the government through the
electoral process. However, public support cannot be an alternative to the supremacy of the law, as people
choose a government to govern under the Constitution and the rule of law. Secondly, electoral
accountability applies to government performance, not to an individual’s conduct in violating the rule of
law.
Different groups and institutions seek power and legitimacy through developing their own moral orders.
Religious segments consider themselves the custodians of morality, mainly in the social and religious
domains. Security circles — and now the judiciary, too — feel an obligation to establish a political moral
order. Neither challenges the other; rather they have developed a compatibility with each other’s moral
orders.
It is well known that religious-political parties have political stakes as well, and differ with the
establishment on certain issues. Yet their differences remain confined to a manageable domain where
both try to avoid breaking up the system. The consensus on the Legal Framework Order between the
military regime and the religious parties’ alliance, the Muttahida Majlis-i-Amal (MMA), in 2002, which
allowed Gen Musharraf to continue ruling in military uniform, is an example. In return, the MMA not only
saved its provincial governments in the then NWFP (KP) and Balochistan, but also saved from
disqualification those of its members of parliament whose madressah degrees were not compatible with
university graduation degrees.
In the NWFP, the MMA government tried to expand the outreach of its moral order through the
introduction of the Hasba bill (Sharia implementation bill) in 2003, but this was challenged and nullified by
the Supreme Court. It was an attempt to codify their moral order into a legal framework, but it was a
breach of their determined role and power elites stopped the party from doing so. In subsequent years,
religious parties stuck to their main role in the social and religious domains, and the power elites hardly
disturbed them when they demonstrated their moral order on the streets.
Political parties, however, do not fit into this equation of partnership with the security establishment. They
are reminded time and again that they must be subservient to the security establishment, particularly
when they try to ‘assert’ themselves — at times even in the areas the Constitution puts them in charge of.
The MMA’s attempt to legalise its moral order was foiled, but the establishment had already succeeded in
codifying its moral order through introducing amendments in Articles 62 and 63 of the Constitution in
1985.
There does exist a body that can become a bridge between institutions — parliament. Ironically, the ruling
party has remained indifferent to parliament, which has also provided space to apolitical forces to outclass
the government using the morality argument.
The moral question becomes more dangerous when parliament is not given sovereign status by the power
elites, including political forces. This, however, does not harm anyone more than the political parties
themselves, the political process and above all, the ruling party. When parliament does not take the lead in
shaping the narratives and managing conflicts, it creates grey areas that anyone can exploit. The political
leadership should have the ability to identify the grey areas, rather than operating in this murky space.
The current political crisis also presents an opportunity to the political leadership to review their actions.
The ruling parties in particular should amend their approach of undermining parliament. This is the
parliament that can review Articles 62 and 63 of the Constitution and establish parity among institutions
while strengthening the rule of law, accountability, and transparency.
On paper, the supremacy of parliament seems attractive; but in practice, political parties avoid making it
their source of strength and prefer to play on the morally high political ground. Perhaps, it is easier to
challenge opponents than the status quo.
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Q8. We are sure you have ……………………………………..
Answer:-
i) Article is about a pet dog
ii) Those who want to keep dog as a pet will be possible readers.
iii) Tail of a dog gives an idea about its attitude, behavior and characteristics. Be careful while selecting a
dog as a pet and check with its owner first.
iv) Selecting Dog as a Pet
v) It tells us about various kinds of dogs and which we should keep as a pet

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