University

 of  Oklahoma    
School  of  Chemical,  Biological  and  Materials  Engineering    
CHE  3473:  Chemical  Engineering  Thermodynamics  
 
 Exam  1        Closed  Book,  Closed  Notes                October  2,  2015    
 
“On  my  Honor,  I  have  neither  given  nor  received  any  unauthorized  aid  on  this  exam.”  
 
NAME:  _____________________________          OU  ID:  _____________________________  
   
 
Problem  1  (26  Points)  
 
(a)  What  is  the  difference  between  a  state  function  and  a  path  function?  Define  each  and  give  
two  examples  of  each.  
(b)  What  is  meant  by  a  “reversible  process”?    Why  is  it  important  in  thermodynamic  
calculations  for  for  real  (irreversible)  processes?  
(c)  One  mol  of  an  ideal  gas,  initially  at  30°C  and  100  kPa,  is  (1)  compressed  adiabatically  to  
500kPa,  then  (2)  cooled  at  a  constant  pressure  of  500kPa  to  30°C,  and  finally  (3)  expanded  
isothermally  to  its  original  state.  Calculate  ΔU  and  ΔH  for  each  step  of  the  process  and  for  
! # $%&  ()*
the  entire  process.    Take  Cp= R  and  Cv= R,  where  R=  8.3144   .  
" " +  %,-
 
450
. ) 89
Given:  for  an  adiabatic  process   / = ( / ) 4 , 𝛾=  .    Also  0oC  =  273.15  K.    Recall  that  for  an  ideal  
.0 )0 8:
gas,  PV  =  RT,  V:  volume  per  mole.  The  internal  energy  depends  only  on  T.  In  case  you  need:  
@"
 𝑊 = − @A 𝑃𝑑𝑉  
Enthalpy,  H=U+PV  
Cp  =  (δQ/δT)p  
Cv  =  (δQ/δT)v  
 
 
 
Problem  2  (30  Points)  
 
(a)  Sketch   the   P-­‐‑T   phase   diagram   for   a   pure   substance,   showing   the   two   phase   regions   (solid-­‐‑
gas,   solid-­‐‑liquid   and   liquid-­‐‑gas)   and   any   three   phase   region.     Label   each   region   (one-­‐‑,   two-­‐‑  
or  three-­‐‑phase)  showing  what  phases  are  present,  using  G=gas,  L=liquid,  S=solid.  Label  any  
critical  or  triple  points  and  say  what  these  represent.  (Please  make  sure  you  have  clearly  
labeled  and  answered  all  the  questions  in  this  problem.)    
(b)  Sketch   three   isotherms   on   your   P-­‐‑V   phase   diagram   for   a   pure   substance,   for   temperatures  
T1>Tc,  T2=Tc,  and  T3<Tc.  
(c)  Apply  the  Phase  Rule,  F  =  C  –  P  +  2,  calculate  and  explain  how  many  degrees  of  freedom  at  
critical  and  triple  points.  Recall  that  F  is  the  number  of  degrees  of  freedom,  C  is  the  number  
is  components,  P  is  the  number  of  phases  in  thermodynamic  equilibrium  with  each  other.  
(d)  A   solid   is   initially   at   a   pressure   above   the   triple   point   pressure   but   below   the   critical  
pressure,  and  at  a  temperature  below  the  triple  point  temperature.  Describe  what  changes  

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 you   would   observe   if   you   heated   the   solid   at   constant   pressure   to   a   temperature   above   the  
critical  temperature.  
 
 
Problem  3  (16  Points)  
 
Use   the   figure   provided   to   calculate   (a)   the   compressibility,   Z;   (b)   molar   volume,   V,   of  
supercritical  toluene  at  T  =  651  K  and  P  =  57.5  bar.  Given:  toluene  has  TC  =  591.75  K,  PC  =  41.08  
B
bar.    Also,  1  bar  =  105  Pa,  R=  8.3144    
+  %,-
 

 
 
 
 
 
Problem  4  (20  Points)  
 
The  first  law  for  a  steady  state  flow  process  is  
 
ΔH+ΔEK+ΔEP  =  Q+Ws  
 
where   H   =   enthalpy,   EK   =   kinetic   energy,   EP   =   potential   energy,   Q   =   heat   flow   in   and   Ws   =   shaft  
work  done  on  the  system,  each  per  kg  of  flowing  fluid.      
 
  Superheated  steam  enters  a  turbine  at  8,600  kPa  pressure  and  500oC  in  a  steady  state  flow.    
The   exhaust   steam   then   enters   a   condenser,   where   it   condenses   and   exits   the   condenser   as  

  2  
 saturated  liquid  at  the  atmospheric  pressure.    The  turbine  produces  80,000  kW  of  power,  and  
the   steam   flowrate   is   62.78   kg/s.     Assuming   that   the   turbine   operates   adiabatically   (heavy  
casing,   rapid   steam   flow)   and   neglecting   potential   and   kinetic   energy   changes,   calculate   the  
heat  duty  rate  for  the  condenser.  What  is  the  sign  of  this  heat?  What  is  the  temperature  of  the  
water  exiting  the  condenser  (to  the  nearest  one  degree  C)?  
 
Given  (1=inlet  to  turbine,  2=outlet  from  condenser):  
H1  =  3,391.6  kJ/kg  
H2  =  417.5  kJ/kg  
 
Also,  1  kW  =  1  kJ/s.  
 
 
 
Problem  5  (8  points)  
 
Popular   cubic   equations   of   state   include   the   ones   formulated   by   van   der   Waals   in   1873,   Otto  
Reedlich  and  Joseph  Neng  Shun  Kwong  in  1949,  Ding-­‐‑Yu  Peng  and  Donald  B.  Robinson  in  1976.  At  
critical  point,  the  three  roots  in  volume  to  a  cubic  equation  must  converge,  thus   𝑉 − 𝑉8 C = 0.  It  is  
E) E/ )
also  true  that  at  the  critical  point,  we  have,  ( ) . =   ( / ) . = 0  
E@ E@
 
F. * .
Use   Redlich-­‐‑Kwong   EOS,  𝑃 = −     ,   (a)   derive   parameters   a   and   b   in   terms   of   critical  
@GH @(@IH)
temperature,   critical   pressure   or   critical   volume;   (b)   calculate   the   ZC   value   from   Redlich-­‐‑Kwong  
EOS.  
 

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