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International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology (ISSN No: 2454-7875)
Conference Proceedings of A National Conference on “Modern Trends in Electrical Engineering”
(NCMTEE-2K17) 27th March 2017
Prof. S. Y. WAWARE
Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering,Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Vishveshwarya Technical Campus,
Patgaon, Miraj, Maharashtra,India. waware.sharad023@rediffmail.com
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION
The main purpose of this project is to provide An important requirement of electric power distribution
continuous power supply to the load by switching systems is the need for automatic switching
the supply. In case if anyone of the source is absent interconnection operation. In this particular, the rapid
from the following four sources namely solar, and reliable transfer of power to the system from one
inverter, mains and generator. Automatically other source to another during certain system faults is
three provides backup & shares the load .The graph important to achieving the reliability goals.
of need of electric supply is growing day by day and In the existing system, four switches are used to
the frequent power disconnection of electricity are demonstrate the corresponding failure of the power
causing many issues in different areas like banks, supply. Absence of that particular source can be found
colleges/schools, hospitals, houses and industries. out by pressing any one of the switch. The switches are
Thus there is requirement of Energy source for an connected as input signals to PLC. In recent years,
alternate arrangement of power supply. In this extensive research has been done towards the design of
project arrangement has been designed by using Backup Power systems to provide clean, flexible
Allen Bradely PLC and relays. When a source, say transmission, and uninterruptible power to industrial
mains fails the power supply to the load then equipment and Information technological sectors are
automatically it shifts to next priority source critical applications where it contains servers and
generator and so on. LEDs are used to indication storage systems, medical equipment, personal
purpose for running source which is used to provide computers, industrial and commercial controls,
the supply. telecommunication systems, etc. under essentially any
KEYWORDS: PLC (Programmable Logic Control), LED abnormal or normal backup power switching conditions.
(Light Emitting Diode), FILTERS, RELAY, In order to supply continuous power to the load at the
TRANSEFORMRE, RECTIFIERS. absence of electric power supply, there should be
minimized fluctuation of electric supply to the load.
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Novateur Publication’s
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology (ISSN No: 2454-7875)
Conference Proceedings of A National Conference on “Modern Trends in Electrical Engineering”
(NCMTEE-2K17) 27th March 2017
I. BLOCK DIAGRAM 3. Integration with power monitoring and control system
to annunciate the status of the circuit breaker and power
sources
4. Self-check and diagnostic logic can be easily
programmed
5. Forensic re-construction of events can be easily
programmed Modern Industrial grade PLC equipment is
robust and has a proven reliability record in tough
Environments. However, these devices are dependent on
the availability of control power, which must be supplied
from the most reliable source within the facility.
Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) equipment, DC
battery sources and various simple transfer schemes can
and should be utilized to increase the reliability of the
Figure 1: Block diagram control power supply.
Control power must ride through all power anomalies
II. HARDWARE: such that the PLC can record the sequence of operations
o PLC: ALLEN BRADELY PICO 1760-L18BWB-EX of the equipment even if the main power transfer is not
o Relay Driver Circuit successful. The sequence of events can be used in
o Relays identifying the weak links in the transfer system and
o Lamp Load pinpoint the cause of transfer malfunction. Therefore,
o MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker) the reliability of the control power supply must be higher
o Transformer than the overall reliability of the power transfer system
o Diode itself.
o LED’s B. THE STRATEGIC PLANNING PROCESS
o Capacitors
o Cords & Wires
A. HARDWARE PICTURE:
C. SYSTEM REQUIREMENT
1. In case of solar source failure detection, disconnect
Figure 1: Actual Hardware the loads from the solar.
2. Start the consuming power from wind energy unit.
ABOUT PLC 3. Incase wind source failure then transfer to greed
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a device supply.
containing CPU, I/O Cards and Communication modules. 4. Suddenly greed source is interrupted then give
This Combinational circuit is operated by programming signal to generator starting relay and parallel load
through Text Languages, Ladder Logic. PLC connect to battery (which is charged by renewable
Consideration is done by on its Memory & I/O Capacity. sources)
PLCs are universally used in modern systems for 5 5. If the generator output voltage is stable and reach
critical reasons: the required value, then connect the loads to the
1. Ease of trouble shooting generator.
2. Ease of modifying the functionality of the transfer logic
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Novateur Publication’s
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology (ISSN No: 2454-7875)
Conference Proceedings of A National Conference on “Modern Trends in Electrical Engineering”
(NCMTEE-2K17) 27th March 2017
6. If the any one source is back and stable, disconnect IV. PLC PROGRAMMING
the loads from the generator then connect them back A. LADDER DIAGRAM
to that source
7. Stop the generator unit.
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Novateur Publication’s
International Journal of Research Publications in Engineering and Technology (ISSN No: 2454-7875)
Conference Proceedings of A National Conference on “Modern Trends in Electrical Engineering”
(NCMTEE-2K17) 27th March 2017
B. TABLE reasoned out and placed carefully thus contributing to
TABLE: PRIORITY & WORKING OF PROJECT the best working of the unit.
G Various types of switching techniques are also discussed
E
S M N
in every thesis. There are many techniques in automatic
W
O
I
A E multi source switching. Although automatic multi source
CONDITIONS L I R LOAD
N switching of source using PLC based system is proposed.
A N A
D
R S T
O REFERENCES
R
Q1 Q2
1) [42] Development of a “Programmable Logic
Controller Circuitry” For Optimal Power Distribution
CONDITION 1 Χ Χ
in a Manufacturing Industry by K. Selvaraj 2010
CONDITION 2 Χ Χ Χ
Science Publications
CONDITION 3 Χ Χ Χ
CONDITION 4 Χ Χ Χ 2) PLC Implementation of Supervisory Control for a
CONDITION 5 Χ Χ Χ Χ Dynamic Power Flow Controller using a Modular
CONDITION 6 Χ Χ Χ Χ
Approach by S.Sivaraman, Shishir Ramkrishna Joshi,
CONDITION 7 Χ Χ Χ Χ Χ
Sudeep Maharana Department of Electronics &
Communication Engineering National Institute of
V. ADVANTAGES OF PROJECT Technology Rourkela May, 2011
o Automatic Power Source Selection. 3) International journal of digital application &
o Easy to use, Self-explanatory kit contemporary research website:www.ijdacr.com
o Ladder digram changing in PLC is possible as per (volume 4,issue 3, October 2015).
requirement 4) GarimaPandey,KhandaAnum “Auto Power Supply
o to provide uninterrupted power supply from any of Control From FourDifferent Sources: Mains, Solar,
the available supply Inverter and Generator To Ensure No Break Power”
o Flexibility in programming and reprogramming IJSART-Volume1Issue4–APRIL 2015,ISSN[ONLINE]:
2395-105.
VI. CONCLUSION 5) [4] R. E. Cosse, J. E. Bowen and W. H. Nichols, “Is
In the “Power supply from four different sources: Solar, selectivity achieved in critical low-voltage UPS and
Inverter, Main and Generator” has been explained in this standby generator power circuits?”, IEEE Trans. On
project with all its features and details. It will enhance Industry Applications, Vol. 37, Jul., 2001, pp 1140-
the productivity due to auto switching and also will 1151.
increase the speed of operation so no interruption will 6) International Journal of Scientific & Engineering
occurs. The significance of this project lies in its various Research, Volume 7, Issue 1, January-2016 485 ISSN
advantages and wide places of applications such as 2229-5518
Industries, Hospitals, Banks; etc. It has been developed 7) Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) Using
by integrating Colleges/Schools, etc. It has been Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) by Dr. Hamdy
developed by integrating features of all the hardware Ashour
components used. Presence of every module has been
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