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P ONLINE QUESTIONS
1. Which of the following v/v cannot be overhauled in place without removing valve from the piping?
a) Ball valve
b) Diaphragm valve
c) Globe valve
d) Butterfly valve
NOTE: Ball valve cannot be opened at place if its union ended only except swing out type valve or valve having
flange connection. But most of them could be overhauled in place. Butterfly valve cannot be overhauled in place
without removing it from the position or removing the piping because if we want any maintenance in the valve disc
or seat then it should be accessible at least; also we can’t remove the valve if it is stuck in open condition.
NOTE: Less resistance gives less pressure drop. Piping for the smaller halocarbon installations is usually
of copper, because of the cleanliness and the ease of fabrication and jointing. Copper and brass are not
used with ammonia. Refrigeration system pipes are sized to offer a low resistance to flow, since this
reflects directly on compression ratio, commensurate with economy of pipe cost and minimum flow
velocities to ensure oil return with the halocarbons.Copper tube is widely used in air conditioning and
refrigeration systems due to its high thermal conductivity which is about 8 times more than that from
Aluminum tube. Copper, used for centuries, has gained new popularity in its modern form: light, strong,
corrosion-resistance tube. It’s long lasting and maintenance free characteristics make copper the leading
choice for plumbing, heating, cooling and other mechanical systems. Copper tubing is most often used
for supply of hot and cold tap water, and as refrigerant line in HVAC systems. There are two basic types of
copper tubing, soft copper and rigid copper. Copper tubing is joined using flare connection, compression
connection, or solder. Copper offers a high level of resistance to corrosion, but is becoming very costly.
The use of copper tubes for the transport of liquids in the condensers and evaporators, the main parts
of a ACR system, is indispensable. The industry is exploring new applications and extensive uses of
copper metal due to the special inherent properties and unique abilities of copper metal. Some of its
special characteristics include high thermal conductivity (about 8 times more than Aluminum tube), light
weight, strength, corrosion resistance tube and durability. In air conditioning systems, you should look
for parts and equipment that are small, quiet and efficient. You should look for products with properties
like, easily cold and warm bending, corrosion resistance, excellent heat conductivity, good welding and
soldering qualities, which you can find in copper. Furthermore, some special requirements of air
conditioning industry such as the reduction or elimination of harmful emissions have made copper, a
metal of choice for product enhancement. You should also look for areas like, compatibility of copper
parts, fabricating and joining requirements, heat transfer properties, effects of refrigerants and
lubricants on copper system performance, predictive methods and safety-tests. The other things you
should look for, while selecting products for Air Conditioning Systems are specially designed inner-
grooved tubes for condensation and fin-tubes for evaporative cooling.
3. When pressure inside a system falls below that of the vapour pressure of the liquid,cavities are formed.
Cavities travelling to high pressure region collapses releasingconsiderable energy to damage the metal
surface which is known as (single answer)
a) Cavitation
b) Erosion
c) Impingment corrosion
d) Cavitation erosion
NOTE: The first sentence tells about the cavitation process. The second sentence tells about the cavitation damage
or erosion.
4. Pump start out motor gets overloaded or trip on overload (multiple answer)
a) Alignment is wrong
b) Gland packing too tight
c) Worn out/damaged ball bearing
d) Cavitations exists
e) All of the above
NOTE: Over tightening of gland packing will only cause the damage to the packing and it will wear out very fast.
Cavitation will cause vibration only. Option (d) should not be there. Then option (e) is correct.
5. Why should only approved toilet cleaning chemicals be used inbiological sewage treatment plant (single
answer)
a) Unapproved chemicals can lead to corrosion in the system
b) Unapproved chemicals can lead to toxic conditions in the system leadingto destruction of
protective coatings
c) Unapproved chemicals can kill aerobic bacteria making the plant ineffective
d) Gases produced by use of unapproved chemicals can pose threat to the operators
NOTE: Human safety first. However all the above can be correct. According to sewage manual if chemicals enter
into the treatment device, operation may be hindered. Toxic chemicals going into the system chemicals like solvents,
oils, paints, disinfectants, pesticides, household cleaning products and bleaches can kill the helpful bacteria in your
septic system. This may ‘kill’ the system and stop it digesting effluent. (http://wssproducts.wilhelmsen.com/marine-
chemicals/cleaning-and-maintenance-1/bio-chemicals/gamazyme-btc-1/)
6. After overhauling reciprocal pump the motor connections were wrongly given. Determine outcome when
pump is started (single answer)
a) The direction of flow will remain unaffected
b) The direction of flow will be reversed
c) The pump will get damaged because the suction valve will block the reverse flow causing
overpressure leading to pump breakdown
d) The pump will lose suction and there will be no flow
NOTE: The direction of flow depends on the position of suction and discharge valve in the valve box.
7. Pump driven type clutch attached to vacuum pump are commonly used for priming of ballast pump and
emergency fire pump. What is the factor which clutches the vacuum pump to the pump during starting of
the pump? (single answer)
a) Low suction pressure acting against the spring loaded clutching piston
b) High suction pressure acting against the spring loaded clutching piston
c) Low discharge pressure acting against the spring loaded clutching piston
d) High discharge pressure acting against the spring loaded clutching piston
8. The ballast valve of the forepeak tank is located in the duct keel and cannot
be opened or shut by remote operation. The valves of other tanks can be
operated without any trouble which of the following will be the best practice? (single answer)
a) Valve should be checked locally for trouble shooting without which it is difficultto find the exact
problem
b) The actuator must be defective and should be replaced with a new one
c) The control circuit is defective and PCB should be replaced
d) Shore assistance will be required in such cases
9. Youare responsible for daily transfers of engine room bilges. You follow the sequences aft –fwd (p)-fwd(s)
bilge well and you have never experienced a problem but 5/e started the transfer and first transferred
forward (s) bilgewell without any problem and you join him later and you find that bilge pump is not taking
suction from forward (p) and aft bilge welland then you have checked everything is normal.What is the
cause? (single answer)
a) 5th engineer made a mistake by 1st transferring the fwd (s) bilge well,
normal sequence of operation for engine room machineries should not b disturbed
b) Fwd (s) bilge well suction valve is leaking
c) Bilge pump suction filter cover gasket is leaking
d) Fwd (s) bilgewell suction filter cover gasket is leaking
NOTE: Filter comes before valve so if say valve is okay then filter should not be a problem so option (d) is wrong.
If pump suction filter is leaking then it will not be able to take suction from any well at all, so option (c) is also
wrong.
11.Sludge pump suction pressure is going full vacuum when u start the pump taking water of double bottom
tank suction you have checked the suction filter and found in clean condition. Taking suction from fuel oil
sludge tank does not happen. Causes of the problem (single answer)
a) Pump is not working efficiently and required overhauling
b) F.O. sludge tank suction valve is leaking
c) W.O. Tank D.B. Tank suction pipeline has a blockage
d) Cannot say what is the problem but definitely the pump needs to
be opened up for overhaul
NOTE: As the pump is working okay when taking suction from F.O. sludge tank there is no problem with the pump.
So options (a) and (d) are wrong. Option (c) seems to be the most appropriate one.
12.The difference between the discharges of a centrifugal pump and reciprocating pump the discharge of
centrifugal pump is ----------while that if reciprocating is --------- (single answer)
a) turbulent, laminar
b) intermittent, continuous
c) continuous, pulsating
d) pulsating, continuous
14.Ballast pump injection filter was cleaned and the pump was lined up it was found that there was some
leakage in the suction filter suction. The pump started and the leakage started. During de ballasting it was
found that the pumpcould not take suction from one of the double bottoms. The cause could be (single
answer)
a) Pump was drawing air from
b) Pump was drawing air from suction filter
c) One of thepipelines on the suction side of the pump might be leaking
d) The filter was not cleaned properly
NOTE: When ballasting the head is positive so water is coming out of the leaky filter. But when de ballasting, the
head is negative.So air is drawn from the leaky filter.
15.When one of the M/E F.O. heater is not in use then (single answer)
a) The F.O. inlet and outlet valve should be kept shut, but steam heating
valves should be kept crack open so as to keep the heater warm
b) F.O. inlet and outlet valve should be kept shut and heating valves also
should be completely shut and should be drained of any remaining F.O.
c) F.O. inlet and outlet valve should be kept crack open so that the F.O.
recirculationthrough the heater can take place
d) F.O. inlet and outlet valve should be kept shut while outlet valve should beleft open so that heater
can be put into use as fast as possible in case required
NOTE: When the heater is not in use we don’t require heating and the first thing we do is stop heating if we keep on
heating the oil it’s going to vaporize and safety valve may lift and if we cool it down the oil is going to be sticky so
need to drain it.
17.You have to dismantle a F.O. heater for cleaning. You have closed both inlet and outlet valves of the
heater, both for F.O.and steam side. What will you do before you start opening the heater? (single answer)
a) There is nothing more to be done, if you know the valves are holding you can straight away start
opening the heater without wasting time
b) Drain the heater till pressure gauge reads zero and then start opening the heater
c) Drain the heater till F.O. stops coming out of the drain and then start openingthe heater
d) First open the vent valve and allow the heater to depressurize and then openthe drain valve to
drain the contents of the heater
18.Sequence of metal in the increasing order of nobelity in galvanic series (single answer)
a) Stainless steel, mild steel, copper, zinc
b) Copper, stainless steel, mild steel, zinc
c) Zinc, mild steel, stainless steel, copper
d) Zinc, copper, stainless steel, mild steel
NOTE: In corrosion pdf book its copper after stainless steel and in reeds its stainless steel after copper and in
Wikipedia also.
19.During flooding of dry dock following items must be verified (single answer)
a) All sea valves are operational
b) All overboard discharge valves are operational
c) Stern tube seal are operational
d) All of the above
20.When M/E is running in emergency condition which of the alarms can't be bypassed
a) L.O. low pressure
b) Jacket water high temp
c) Piston cooling water high temp
d) All of the above
NOTE: Emergency maneuvering means that main engine cannot be started from remote location. When M/E is put
in emergency, then just the governor is bypassed, rest alarms will still come like lo low pressure, jacket high
temperature etc...But we never bypass L.O. low pressure alarm because if there is no L.O. in the engine then the
engine will cease.
21.Which of the following can be done to reduce the cold corrosion of main engine cylinder liners using high
sulphur fuel oil (multiple answer)
a) Increasing cylinder oil feed rate
b) Using high TBN cylinder oil
c) Increasing scavenge air temperature
d) Decreasing cylinder oil feed rate
22.Vessel is at dry dock, who issue hot work permit?
a) C/E
b) 2/E
c) Shipyard engineer
d) Ship superintendent
23.Which of the following is not a method of applying metal coating onsteel surfaces for corrosion protection?
(single answer)
a) Hot dipping
b) Metal spraying
c) Electro plating
d) Explosion bonding
24.Air compressor air cooler type?
a) Spring type
b) Floating type
c) Fixed tube
d) U- tube
NOTE: Both (b) & (d) are correct In intercooler straight tube is used commonly which is otherwise known as
floating tube because it is floating at one end. In after cooler U-tube is used commonly because for more heat
transfer in small size, and also it’s free for expansion.
29.The lower half of main bearing of a very large diesel engine can be removed by
a) Pulling out with a chain block
b) By hammering out with the help of a soft mallet
c) By slightly jacking the crankshaft and turning out the bearing half with a rope or similar tackle
provided
d) By using a special tool in the oil hole and turning the shaft to turn out the lower half
NOTE: According to JITHIN ARANHA to remove bottom half of the bearing, the engine is turned so that the
respective crank web is parallel to the bedplate separating face. Mount the support cross piece and jacks below the
adjoining crank. Jack up the crank shaft by 0.1 to 0.15 mm (maximum 0.2 mm). Check the lift with dial gauge. The
shims are removed and a rope support piece is fitted. A steel rope is passed around the lower shell and pulled out
with a rope pulley.
30.A refrigerant compressor will run continuously when there is
a) Too heavy cooling load on the system
b) Air in the system
c) Insufficient refrigerant in the system
d) Any of the above
NOTE: In case the load is too heavy then the refrigerant itself cannot cool the room to the set temperature. So the
liquid shut off valve remains open and the cut out will never occur. In case insufficient refrigerant is there the same
thing will happen and also sometimes the pressure at suction side can decrease to have LP cut out, but the liquid shut
off valve is still open so when pressure increases it cuts in resulting short cycling. In case of air in the system the
discharge pressure will be high enough for HP cut out.
31.The gland packing on centrifugal pump shaft should (single answer)
a) Not allow any leakage under positive suction pressure
b) Should only allow drop by drop continuous leakage under positive suction pressure
c) Should only allow drop by drop continual leakage under positive suction pressure
d) Should allow considerable leakage as gland packings are meant to allow considerable leakage
NOTE: Continuous means without any interruption but continual means with interruption. First option is correct and
if cooling is required then packing is lubricated from pump delivery. If any leakage is there then there is a good
chance of pump sucking air from the packing under negative suction pressure.
32.Which of the following cannot be used as sacrificial anode for the protection of mild steel structure against
corrosion
a) Cadmium
b) Magnesium
c) Copper
d)
Aluminum
NOTE: Magnesium, aluminum, cadmium, mild steel, copper.
33.Excessive lubrication in compressors can lead to (multiple)
a) Sticking of valves
b) Carryover and deposit of oil particles in pipelines and reservoirs
c) Decompression
d) Detonation
NOTE: Here detonation is nothing but starting air line explosion.
34.Corrosion protection of steel surfaces by zinc coating can be carried out only at temperatures below
65 deg. C. For higher temperatures (single answer)
a) Zinc reacts very fast and thus can only provide protection for a limited time
b) Zinc reacts with steel and protective layer vanishes due to chemical reaction
c) Steel may corrode preferentially to the zinc
d) Dezincification occurs leading to removal of zinc coating
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file protection of steel by zinc is good at temperatures below 65 0C, but at higher
temperatures it is possible for the steel to corrode preferentially to the zinc.
46. In a three phase electrical equipment, the immediate action in the event of a fuse blowing in one of the
phases, would be (single answer)
a) To replace with a fuse of correct rating
b) To replace fuses on all three phases
c) To try to repair the fuse
d) To investigate the fault that led to the blowing of the fuse
NOTE: According to D.T. HALL the first step is to find the cause of the fault and repair before the fuse link is
replaced. Second step is the replacement fuse link must be of the correct current rating, grade and type. Usually this
means the replacement fuse link is identical to the blown fuse link. The third step is to replace all three fuses in a 3-
phase supply even if only one is found blown after a fault. The others may be seriously weakened which makes them
unreliable for future use.
47.A drain cooler is provided with S.W. cooling. What is the best way to increase the temperature of
condensate draining to the hot well? (single answer)
a) Throttle the S.W. inlet valve
b) Throttle the S.W. outlet valve
c) Open the condensate bypass to the cooler
d) Close the condensate bypass to the cooler
NOTE: It is the best practice always to throttle the outlet valve of a heat exchanger to control the temperature of the
medium to be cooled. But it will cause insufficient water to flow through the condenser and it will cause scaling of
tubes. So to avoid salt deposition in condenser tubes bypass is to be opened for temperature control.
48.Which of the following option gives you the correct sequence of the metals in decreasing order of
preferential corrosion when all of them are bonded and immersed in an electrolyte? (single answer)
a) Titanium, mild steel , zinc , stainless steel
b) Titanium , stainless steel ,mild steel ,zinc
c) Zinc , mild steel , stainless steel , titanium
d) Zinc , titanium , mild steel , stainless steel
49.During auxiliary engine de-carbonization, which of the following checks need to be carried out?
a) Sounding of all double bottom tanks
b) Connecting rod big end ovality
c) Liner wear
d) Crack detection tests on connecting rod serrations
NOTE: Taking sounding of all double bottom tanks is not even related to de-carbonization of auxiliary engine.
50.A reciprocating pump is used for engine room bilge service because
a) Reciprocating pumps are designed for smoother discharge
b) Only small capacity pumping capacity is required, while other pumps are of higher capacity
c) It doesn’t churn and mix the bilge water unlike other types of rotary and rotodynamic pumps
d) Shipbuilding industry is still going on old concept, future ships will have centrifugal pumps
installed
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says requirement is low capacity pump which encourages slow, smooth and laminar flow.
Turbulence or agitation should be avoided since it causes mixing and re-entertainment of the oil. Laminar or
streamlinedflow is beneficial. The entrance area in oil/water separators is made large so that flow is slow and large
slugs of oil can move to the surface quickly. So option (c) is the best one.
51.Increasing the rotational speed of a cargo pump the pump flow rate will
a) Increase in direct proportion to the increase in speed
b) Decrease in direct proportion to the increase in speed
c) Flow rate doesn’t depend upon speed
d) Flow
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says capacity varies directly as the speed.
52.While re-floating the vessel after dry dock, which of the following checks should be carried out? (multi
choice)
a) Sounding of all double bottom tanks
b) Checking leakages in the stern tube header tanks
c) Checking leakages at ship side valves
d)Checking levels of stern tube header tanks
NOTE: Checking any leakages in the stern tube header tanks will not give any information about any leakage in
stern tube.
53.The machinery which is usually tested first once the ship reaches a dry dock is
a) Engine room crane
b) Engine room lift
c) Gantry crane for engine room
d) All of the above
54.The size of solid particle contaminants in hydraulic systems is measured in (single answer)
a) Millimeter cubed
b) Nano – millimeter
c) Microns
d) Micro millimeter
55.In a reciprocating pump the direction of flow depends upon
a) Direction of rotation of the pump
b) Position & fixing of suction and discharge valves
c) High pressure to low pressure
d) Whether pump is single acting or double acting
56.Fire side in boilers gets commonly corroded due to
a) Galvanic action
b) Formation of vanadium pentoxide and sulphuric acid
c) Stress corrosion
d) Crevice corrosion
NOTE: As the fuel contains vanadium and sulphur according to the temperature and other favorable condition it can
form vanadium pentoxide and sulphuric acid respectively which are highly corrosive in nature.
57.Which of the following statements is false about hydraulic jacks/tensioning tools? (single answer)
a) The piston of the jack should be turned back by a certain degree after hand tightening to prevent easy
removal after un tightening of the nut
b) The piston of the jack should not be turned back after hand tightening during un tightening of the nut
c) The piston of the jack need not be turned back during tightening of the nut
d) The hydraulic pressure need not be relieved during removal of the jack
NOTE: If we don’t release the pressure then it is very unsafe and difficult to remove the jack.
58.In a shell and tube type M/E L.O. cooler, the temperature of L.O. is controlled by an automatic temperature
control valve. Out at sea with M/E running at normal sea load it is observed that the temperature control
valve opening to the cooler is increasing day by day until it becomes 100% open to the cooler. The L.O.
outlet temperature _______________ after the above condition has reached
a) Starts decreasing immediately
b) Starts increasing immediately
c) Will be maintained at the set point of the temperature controller
d) Cannot be maintained at the set point and will increase slowly
NOTE: If it is running at normal sea load then there should not be any problem as the L.O. temperature is
maintained nearly constant, but here as the temperature control valve is opening gradually that means the S.W.
temperature is increasing gradually. May be ship is moving toward hotter region. In order to maintain L.O.
temperature now the control valve is fully open, but it cannot maintain the temperature. So the temperature of L.O.
will increase slowly.He is talking about TEMPERATURE CONTROL VALVE OPENING TO THE COOLER.
59.Which of the following is not a rotary motion valve?
a) Gate valve
b) Butterfly valve
c) Ball valve
d) Plug valve
NOTE: Here all the valves turn to open or close, but gate valve slides to open or close.
60.Which of the following can lead to short cycling or frequent cutting in and cutting out of a fridge
compressor? (single answer)
a) Dirty condenser
b) Air entrapped in refrigerant
c) High cooling water temperature
d) Grossly insufficient charge
NOTE: If there is grossly insufficient charge then there will be low pressure at suction side which will lead to L.P.
cut out. This will lead to short cycling or frequent cutting in and cutting out of a fridge compressor. But dirty
condenser an air in the system will lead to high discharge pressure resulting H.P. cut out.
61.During shutting down the purifier you find that purifier always vibrates heavily for some time and then
becomes normal until it finally comes to a stop. What is wrong with purifier?
a) The purifier design is faulty
b) The purifier bowl has a heavy sludge deposit and requires cleaning
c) The purifier bowl is not balanced properly
d) During shutting down most of the purifiers pass through the critical speed zone
NOTE: It can be avoided by applying brake at the time of stopping so that it will pass the critical speed zone very
fast.
62.Hot corrosion in exhaust valves and fire side of boiler mainly when
a) Fuels containing vanadium content with high sodium content are used
b) Fuels containing vanadium content with low sodium content are used
c) Fuels containing high vanadium and high sulphur content are used
d) Fuels containing high sulphur content is used and the exhaust temperatures are uncontrolled and
exceed 600 deg. C
NOTE: According to JITHIN ARANHA when both these impurities are present in a sodium and vanadium ratio of
1:3, vanadium pentoxide which is formed combines with sodium to form a very hard compound whose melting
point is around 630 deg. C. If the ratio is not proper then the reaction may not happen. So for the ratio to be matched
vanadium with sufficient sodium should be present.
63.NPSH and the total suction head are two terms which are commonly used for pumps. Which of the
following is a true statement?
a) They are one and the same thing
b) Total suction head is greater than NPSH
c) NPSH is always greater than total suction head
d) Total suction head and NPSH have no relationship
NOTE: Total suction head – vapor pressure head is NPSH.
64.You have overhauled a centrifugal pump and while assembling forgot to install the o-ring between the
sleeve (provided in way of gland packing) and the shaft. What impact does this have? (single answer)
a) It will not affect the pump in any way
b) It will cause leakage of fluid(air/water) in between the shaft and the sleeve and will affect the
pump performance
c) It will not affect the pump performance in any way but will corrode the shaft between the o-ring
and shaft
d) It will cause dynamic imbalance of the shaft
NOTE: Pump shafts are usually protected from erosion, corrosion, and water at seal chambers, leakage joints,
internal bearings, and in the waterways by renewable sleeves. In designs with a metal to metal joint between the
sleeve and the impeller hub or shaft nut, a sealing device is required between the sleeve and the shaft to prevent
leakage. Pumped liquid can leak into the clearance between the shaft and the sleeve when operating under a positive
suction head and air can leak into the pump when operating under a negative suction head.
65.You must have used reinforced rubber joints. The reinforcement is normally provided using non-asbestos
fibers. The reinforcement is provided because (multiple answer)
a) Ordinary rubber gasket have a porous matrix, having capillaries which can allow liquid leakage
when subjected to high pressure
b) To increase the load carrying capacity of joint so it can withstand higher pressures
c) To increase the temperature resistance of the joint
d) To protect the joints from fire or other accidental damage
NOTE: Ordinary rubber gasket is not made for high pressure application as they will leak. So we use reinforced
rubber joints. It increases the load carrying capacity.To deal with the various forces on the joint they require fiber
reinforcement, which guarantees both flexibility and strength. Rubber expansion joints combine a rubber matrix and
a reinforcing material, so high strength to weight ratios can be achieved. The reinforcing material, usually a kind of
fiber, provides the strength and stiffness. The rubber matrix, with low strength and stiffness, provides air-fluid
tightness and supports the reinforcing materials to maintain their relative positions. These important positions
influence the resulting mechanical properties.
66.Metal cladding provides protection to the metal essentially for the life of ship because
a) During cladding the protective coating reacts chemically with the base metal and inhibits
corrosion
b) This is the only method in which the completeness of the metal coating can assured, while other
methods are liable to defects
c) The thickness of protective coating is greater compared to any other metal coating method used
d) The adherence of coating is best in case of metal cladding
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file the metal coating thickness achieved by metal cladding is considerably
greater than that obtained by the other techniques considered, and for this reason it is frequently used where a
component is required to be essentially protected against corrosion for the life of the ship.
67.Which of the following can cause exhaust with black smoke in a diesel engine? (multi choice)
a) Choked air filter of turbocharger
b) Water mixed with fuel
c) Bad atomization of fuel
d) Overload
NOTE: Water mixed with oil will give white smoke.
68.Net positive suction head is the
a) Difference of total suction head and total discharge head
b) Difference of static head and the frictional head
c) Difference of dynamic suction head and the vapour pressure of liquid
d) Difference of static suction head and the vapour pressure of liquid
NOTE: In fluid dynamics, Total Dynamic Head (TDH) is the total equivalent height that a fluid is to be pumped,
taking into account friction losses in the pipe.
Where:
Static Lift is the height the water will raise before arriving at the pump (also known as the suction head).
Static Height is the maximum height reached by the pipe after the pump (also known as the discharge head).
Friction Loss is Head Loss.
This equation can be derived from Equation. For a relatively incompressible fluid such as water, TDH is simply the
pressure head difference between the inlet and outlet of the pump, if measured at the same elevation and with inlet
and outlet of equal diameter.TDH is also the work done by the pump per unit weight, per unit volume of fluid.
NOTE: If the temperature differential of both the sides is decreasing then the cooling efficiency has decreased. This
can happen when either S.W. side or L.O. side will become dirty.
73.Centrifugal pumps cannot handle air and require priming. But you are aware that centrifugal which on the
same principal can handle air very well. Which two properties of air are responsible because of which the
centrifugal pumps cannot handle air
a) Fluidity only
b) Density only
c) Both fluidity and density
d) Compressibility
74.Which of the following can lead to premature failure of roller bearings?
a) Misalignment
b) Contamination
c) Shrinkage
d) Over greasing
NOTE: In pdf file for bearing failure improper lubrication or less or no lubrication can cause damage to the bearing.
Options (a) (b) (c) are correct. Option (c)can also be correct if it means too tight on the shaft.
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says sealing water is drawn into the oval casing through a makeup supply pipe. The
water, thrown out to the casing periphery by the turning rotor, whirls around and forms a moving layer against the
oval casing. The water seals the rotor blades and also recedes from and re approaches the rotor boss twice in each
revolution. The effect is to produce a series of reciprocating water pistons between the blades.
77.The flow rate through a F.O. transfer pump will not be affected by which of the following factors?
a) Low F.O. temperature
b) Low sounding in F.O. tank
c) Internal leakage within the pump
d) Leaking discharge valve
NOTE: Leaking discharge valve can not affect when the pump is running and the valve is in open condition if it is
positive displacement pump.
78.The suction pressure gauge of the engine room bilge pump is broken and you don’t have a spare. Chief
engineer has asked you to troubleshoot the problem with bilge pump not taking suction fromfwd. (p) bilge
well. You try taking suction from fwd. (s) & aft bilge well and find that pump is taking good suction.
Thereafter youtrysuction from fwd. (p) bilge well for sometime after priming with sea water but there is no
change in level. You inspect the suction filter of the pump and find that it is very difficult to remove the
same,you had to apply too much of force to lift the filter cover while normally it comes out easily. What
does it indicate?
a) It does not indicate anything; sometimes the filter covers are difficult to remove
b) It indicates that the suction valve of the fwd. Bilge pump is leaking
c) It indicates that the suction filter of the fwd. (p) bilge well is clogged completely
d) Pump suction filter might be clogged
NOTE: Here the pump suction filter is working completely fine because pump is taking good suction from other
bilge wells. When we inspect the suction filter of the pump and find that it is very difficult to remove the same, and
had to apply too much of force to lift the filter cover while normally it comes out easily. It indicates that when pump
is taking suction from fwd. (p) bilge well too much of vacuum is getting produced. That means there is some
blockage and here according to the options it is the bilge well filter.
79.Chromium is a nobler metal when compared to that of steel. In some marine applications chromium is
electroplated to the steel surfaces. Why?
a) Chromium is a more noble metal so it will not get corroded and thus steel surfaces will remain
protected
b) Chromium plating provides corrosion protection as well as high glossiness and high hardness for
better wear resistance and reduced friction to the steel surfaces
c) Chromium plating is required for providing high glossiness and high hardness for better wear
resistance and reduced friction to the steel surfaces and not for corrosion protection
d) Chromium reacts with steel to form an alloy during electroplating which is corrosion resistant
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file chromium is also extensively used for electro-plating components that are
subjected to mechanical deterioration as hard chrome plate surfaces can be obtained. Chromium is nobler than the
steel and it is generally necessary to use a non-porous interfacial electro-plate such as nickel between steel and the
outer chromium surface if the component is to be subjected to corrosive conditions.
80.Correct method of greasing a centrifugal pump bearing is
a) To pump the grease until you feel high back pressure on the grease pump
b) To pump the greasefor 3-4 pumping strokes of grease pump for each bearing
c) To pump the grease when the pump is stopped and drain any old grease at the same time by
opening the drain plug, giving only 3-4 pumping strokes on grease pump for each bearing. The
drain plug should then be replaced
d) To pump the grease when the pump is running and drain any old grease at the same time by
opening the drain plug, until all the old grease is removed and new grease starts coming out of the
drain, repeating same for each bearing. The drain plug should then be replaced
81.What is difference between pressure gauges of air compressor and fridge compressor?Is there difference
between lube oil pressure of fridge compressor and air compressor?
Yes the difference is ref pressure gauges are of compound type meant to measure vacuum as well as
pressure along with corresponding saturation temp and some of pressure of and L.O. for fridge.
82.A ball valve was found leaking in service. Upon inspection it was found that the PTFE seat had worn out
and was renewed. The valve stopped leaking in closed condition. How do you think a ball valve provides
perfect sealing? (single answer)
a) The seat fitted is slightly smaller than the outer dimensions of the ball, thus providing
interferencefit when closed
b) Either a floating seat is pressed onto turnnion supported ball by liquid pressure or floating ball is
pressed onto the seat
c) Ball is not exactly spherical and is shaped such that during closure the surface coming into contact
with seat is of slightly bigger diameter providing sealing
d) Seat is not exactly spherical, but slightly tapered so that during closure the ball sits tightly on the
seat
NOTE:
83.It has been reported that engine room bilge pump was unable to take suction from fwd. (p) bilge well while
it is taking suction efficiently from fwd.(s) & aft bilge wells. What could be the most probable cause?
a) There is leakage in the bilge suction pipeline somewhere between the bilge wells and bilge pump
b) The fwd. (p) bilge well suction valve might be leaking
c) The fwd. (p) bilge well suction filter cover gasket might be leaking
d) The pump needs to be overhauled
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE the filter is situated just before the bilge well followed by the valve. So if
the valve is leaking from the bonnet then pump will face difficulty in suction from any of the bilge well or if it is
leaking from the seat then why should the pump cannot take suction from port bilge well, but if the filter cover
gasket is leaking then there is a good chance that the pump will suck air and cannot take suction from that particular
well.
84.Which of the following is a correct point for sampling of system lube oil for on board or shore analysis?
a) Standpipes
b) Purifier outlets
c) Inlet or outlet of l. O. Coolers
d) Tank drains
NOTE: My answer is none of the above. There is a fine filter after the cooler. Sampling should be just before lube
oil in entering the main engine.
85.After maintaining correct discharge pressure, soon ceases to discharge water what are possible cause?
(single answer)
a) Pressure gauge wrong
b) Pump sucking air
c) Discharge valve throttled
d) Casing wear ring is worn
NOTE: After maintaining correct discharge pressure there is the only chance when pump will lose suction is when
the pump is sucking air.
86.After removing all the bonnets and the securing nuts of a large globe valveit is found that the bonnet is not
coming out because of the strong adhesionof the gasket between the bonnetand the housing. What areyou
going to do in best practice?
Screw in the valve onto the seat to lift up the valve and stem
87.Screw pump are normally
a) Slow speed pump
b) Medium speed pump
c) High speed pump
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says screw pumps are suitable for operation at high rotational speed.
88.During connection and disconnection of bunker hoses to discharge static electricity which of the following
process is used?
a) Insulated flanges and hoses
b) Ship shore bonding cable
89.In refrigeration circuit, the data logger will record what?
a) Room temperature
b) Recharge temperature
c) Liquid line temperature
d) Solenoid valve operation
NOTE: Parameters to be monitored for data logger in a refrigeration system are room temperature, discharge
temperature, liquid line temperature, evaporating pressure, condensing pressure, suction pressure and discharge
pressure, HP & LP pressure, pump/fan operation, S.W. temperature&pressure, differential oil pressure, refrigerant
leakage, defrost heating, solenoid valve operation.
90.Which of the following is a true statement?
a) Aluminumwill be subject to preferential corrosion when in electrical
continuity with stainless steel in presence of an electrolyte
b) Stainless steel will be subject to preferential corrosion when in electricalcontinuity with mild steel
in presence of an electrolyte
c) Copper will be subject to preferential corrosion when in electrical continuity with stainless steel in
presence of an electrolyte
d) Aluminum will be subject to preferential corrosion when in electrical continuity with zinc in
presence of an electrolyte
NOTE: According to previous question copper is nobler than stainless steel, if that is true then option (c) is wrong.
91.The corrosion protection for cooling fresh water systems of marine diesel engines is normally provided by
a) Sacrificial anodes
b) ICCP
c) Protective metal coatings of system components
d) Addition of corrosion inhibitors to the cooling fresh water
NOTE: For fresh water system corrosion protection is given by these two methods. In tubes we have cupro-nickel
coating by skin cladding method. We also introduce corrosion inhibitors for fresh water system to protect it from
corrosion due to dissolved oxygen or acids. These are nothing but chemicals which forms a protective film on metal
surface to protect them from corrosion. But sea water system has sacrificial anodes as soft iron like zinc. We also
use ICCP for sea water corrosion protection.
92.For shaft sealing of a main sea water pump for ship plying in coastal muddy waters, which is the best
option?
a) Gland packing
b) Lip seal with garter spring
c) Mechanical seal
d) Cup seal
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says for sea water pumps playing in coastal muddy waters for shaft sealing gland packing
is better than putting mechanical seal because any ingress of foreign matter can damage the sealing surface of a
mechanical seal.
93.The seating material for perfectly sealing type ball valves is usually made up of
a) Rubber
b) PTFE or nylon
c) Rubber reinforced with steel wire
d) Stainless steel
94.Bilge pump is not taking suction from any bilge well or holding tank what could be wrong inside the
pump?
a) Bucket rings have worn out
b) Suction or discharge v/v have worn out and started leaking
c) Pump suction filter clogged
d) Suction or discharge v/v stuck in open and debris on the seat
95.You have seen and operated several valves onboard ships. All the butterfly valve operation handles are
operated by a locking arrangement because (single answer)
a) Butterfly valves do not used gland packings and thus spindle doesn’t have anything to keep it in
position and can open by vibration
b) Butterfly valve does have a spindle packing but same cannot be excessively tightened to have
good grip on the spindle to prevent it from opening against vibration
c) Butterfly valves can move by vibration but that is not the main consideration, the main
consideration being opening/closing against liquid pressure
d) All the butterfly valves do not have locking arrangement as there is no such requirement for the
same
NOTE: The valve can change its position due to vibration or due to the pressure of the liquid acting on it. So a
locking arrangement is necessary to keep it in position.
96.Which of the group of method are used for priming of centrifugal pumps onboard ships? (single answer)
a) Gravity tank, attached vacuum pump
b) Attached vacuum pump, filling pump casing using a fresh water hose
c) Central priming system, attached vacuum pump, sea water priming
d) None of the above
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says if the number of pumps to be primed is more than four, then central priming system
is used. Attached vacuum pump is also used as automatic priming system for a pump. Sometimes sea water priming
from an independent supply can be given, for example opening sea suction of ballast pump.
99.Your ship has an OWS and reciprocating bilge pump of capacity 2.0 m3 /hr. It takes about 12 hours to
pump out the complete bilge tank through OWS. The ship is going to dry-dock and chief engineer is
recommending company to install a centrifugal pump of 10 m3 capacity which will take the same space
and can pump out the bilge tank only in 2.5 hrs. The company should (single answer)
a) Accept the proposal as a centrifugal pump has several advantages over a reciprocating pump
b) There is no question of accepting a centrifugal pump as a engine room bilge pump
c) Propose to fix a gear pump instead of a centrifugal pump
d) Pipelines and pumps once designed cannot be changed as they are class approved
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says the pipeline diameter and the pump capacity for ship’s bilge system is formulated
and approved by classification society. Centrifugal pump is not used for OWS as discharge flow is turbulent causing
well mixing of oil & water. It is one of the reasons why the pumps are fitted at the OWS delivery side. Inlet of the
OWS is laminar flow for efficient separation of oil from water.
100. Normally so called Single screw pumpsare used as sludge pumps in engine room. What is the
correct technical name of these pumps? (single answer)
a) Snake pump
b) Screw pump
c) Progressive cavity pump
d) Gerotor pump
101. In a parallel-gate type valve the sealing between the valve and the disc is provided by (single
answer)
a) Appropriate tightening torque of the valve spindle
b) Gate and valve seat have a taper and when tightened they will seal against each other
c) Either the seat or the disc gate are free-floating, allowing upstream pressure to seal the seat and
disc against any unwanted leakage
d) For a gate type valve the sealing is never perfect and they always allow some leakage
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says valves and seats of the gate valve may be tapered or are parallel on their facing
sides. When a Parallel Slide is opened or closed, the positioning of two flat spring loaded discs will either seal or
open the pipeline passage. Closure is achieved by positioning the discs between the seat faces in the valve body. The
pressure differential across the disc forces the outlet disc against the outlet seat, creating a tight seal which is far
superior to that of a wedge gate valve. The two separate spring loaded discs mounted in the belt eye/disc holder have
sufficient loading and freedom of movement to allow accurate contact between the flat lapped faces over the range
of expansion and contraction regardless of the valve orientation. During valve closure the self-wiping action of the
discs ensures that debris is not trapped between the sealing faces. Stem travel is limited by the back seat in open
position and the stem stop in the closed position. The stem stop prevents stem rotation and acts as a position
indicator. Unlike a wedge gate valve it is line pressure and POSITION, not excessive mechanical force at the end of
stroke that is required to make a seal. When the position indicator is in the closed position the valve is fully
isolated.DO NOT APPLY ANY ADDITIONAL FORCE. Because the discs are free to slide between the seat faces
it is virtually impossible to create an overstressed condition under normal operation .The advantages of this eyelet
are. It produces a smoother flow between the seat faces by effectively eliminating the body cavity and the turbulence
which it causes. It protects the seat faces from impingement of the line fluid or anything suspended in it. It prevents
debris in the fluid being thrown out of suspension into the valve body. When the eyelet/conduit is positioned
between the seats, the bottom of the disc faces are still in contact with seat faces. No, body guides are required. The
gate is a split design using two discs spring loaded and held together by a gate holder with an Inconel 750 springs to
provide initial energizing when closed. The gate relies for seat tightness on the primary fluid pressure acting on the
downstream half. There is no wedging action or extra loading on the seats resulting in considerably lower operating
torque. When the valve is in the open position the gate is completely clear of the seats. During closing there is a
bevel on the bottom of the gate to guide it in between the seats and recompress the spring. Seating surfaces are hard
faced with Stellite®6to provide high cycle capability in very high differential pressure services.
102. The crank web deflection readings of a diesel engine would be erroneous in which of the
following conditions? (multiple answer)
a) When the draught of the vessel has changed while readings were being taken
b) When cargo loading and discharging has been too rapid
c) When the crankcase temperature has changed substantially during the process of taking the
readings
d) None of the above
NOTE: JITHIN ARANHA and RITENKER SEN say ambient temperature, movements of ship as in rough weather,
incorrect load condition resulting hogging or sagging are the factors affecting deflections. When comparing
deflections this must be taken under similar draught conditions as the readings according to the way the ship is
loaded or ballasted. So answer is all of the above.
103. The purpose of an evaporator in the domestic refrigeration system is to (single answer)
a) Transmit latent heat of evaporation
b) Absorb latent heat of fusion
c) Absorb latent heat of evaporation
d) Transmit latent heat of fusion
NOTE: By absorbing latent heat of evaporation from the air the refrigerant cools the air.
104. If the direction of rotation of a gear pump is reversed due to change in-phase sequence, what
happens when the pump is started? (single answer)
a) Direction of flow remains the same
b) The pump will get damaged due to overpressure on suction side
c) Pump relief valve will be lifted
d) The direction of flow will be reversed
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says the liquid being pumped by the gear pump is forced out after being carried around
between gear teeth and housing, as the teeth mesh together. So if you look at the diagram where direction of flow is
given you can imagine that when you will change the direction of rotation of the gears, the direction of flow of
liquid will also be changed.
105. Centrifugal pump will typically give you a low flow rate at a lower pressure, where a piston pump
will give you more pressure at higher flow rate. Is the statement correct? (single answer)
a) True
b) False
c) First sentence is right. Second one is wrong
d) I don't know
NOTE: According to the characteristics diagram of both the pumps given in JITHIN GEORGE centrifugal pump
will typically give you a low flow rate at a higher pressure, where a piston pump will give you more pressure at
lower flow rate. Piston pump delivers constant flow rate at any head. However in practice, when pressure increases,
the internal leakages also increase, reduces the flow rate through system.
106. Which of the following is an important requirement for proper functioning of sacrificial anode
system (multi.ple answer)
a) Good insulation between anodes and ship’s hull
b) Good electrical continuity between anodes and ship’s hull
c) Providing protection of anodes from being painted over during hull painting
d) Presence of an insulating material between anode and the cathode
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file the most common reasons for failure of sacrificial anode systems are due to
ineffective electrical contact between the anodes and the hull, or due to the anodes being painted while in dry dock.
107. The main disadvantages of a reciprocating pump over a gear pump is that (single answer)
a) A gear pump is self priming while a reciprocating pump is not
b) Discharge of a gear pump is not affected by the direction of rotation while that of reciprocating
pump is reversed
c) The discharge of reciprocating pump is pulsating and discharge rate is lesser
d) Reciprocating pumps are only available in high capacities and for smaller capacities only gear
pumps can be used
NOTE: Options (a), (b), (d) are wrong statements so left with only one option.
108. Which of the following types of damages is metal seating of a valve subject to? Choose the correct
alternative (single answer)
a) Corrosion, erosion, abrasion, deformation
b) Corrosion, fatigue failure, brittle fracture, caustic cracking
c) Erosion, caustic cracking, brittle fracture, clover leafing
d) None of the above
NOTE: Classifications of Wear: Adhesive Wear – material loss due to sliding motion between metal surfaces,
Abrasive Wear – material loss due to cutting action of hard particles, Erosive Wear – form of abrasive wear due to
particles suspended in a fluid, Corrosive Wear – material loss due to chemical attack, Surface Fatigue Wear –
material loss from repeated sliding or rolling motion, Cavitation Wear – bubbles form in liquids due to sudden
pressure change and then collapse producing mechanical shock on the metal surface.
109. You are pumping out sludge to a shore facility using your sludge pump. You find that the
discharge rate of pump is very slow and suction filter is getting clogged frequently. What is the best
alternative to counteract the problem? (single answer)
a) Remove the pump suction filter and pump out the tank
b) Increase the tank temperature, keep an eye on the pump suction pressure and clean the filter as
soon as it drops
c) As soon as the as the shore facility tells you that they are not receiving any sludge, you stop the
pump and clean the filter
d) Filter so that frequency of filter blockage is reduced and you can get a better discharge rate
110. When centrifugal pump is used to pump a liquid of higher specific gravity the pump power will
(single answer)
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Will not be affected as the pump power depends only on the flow capacity
d) None of the above
NOTE: A centrifugal pump will always develop the same head in feet regardless of a liquid’s specific gravity.
Pressure will increase or decrease in direct proportion to a liquid’s specific gravity. Brake HP required will vary
directly with a liquid’s specific gravity. Power = ρ g (N/m3) * h (m) * Q (m3/t)
111. The process of depositing zinc on steel surfaces by diffusion coating is known as (single answer)
a) Sherardising
b) Chromising
c) Calorising
d) Galvanizing
NOTE: The process of depositing zinc on steel surfaces by diffusion coating is known as Sherardising. The process
of depositing chromium on steel surfaces by diffusion coating is known as Chromising. The process of depositing
aluminum on steel surfaces by diffusion coating is known as Calorising.
112. By which of the following is the attached vacuum pump of a ballast pump is driven? (single
answer)
a) Electrical motor
b) Hydraulic motor
c) Pump driven clutch
d) Pneumatically driven
113. High tensile steels are (single answer)
a) High carbon steels with suitably added alloying elements
b) Medium carbon steels with suitably added alloying elements
c) Low carbon steels with suitably added alloying elements
d) None of the above
NOTE: High tensile steel has 0.4% carbon and it comes under medium carbon steel.
114. After cleaning the sea chest filter you have placed the filter in the body and tightened the cover.
Which one of the following is the best alternative? (single answer)
a) You can open the filter inlet and outlet valves & directly start using the filter
b) If you do not want to use the sea chest in question, you need not worry and you can open the
valves when required
c) Purged, any leakages and thereafter filter can be kept isolated or used as required
d) You will close the other side sea chest valves first and then open this side sea chest filter inlet and
outlet valves
115. Which of the following valves cannot prevent backflow of liquid in a pipeline? (single answer)
a) Gate valve
b) Globe check valve
c) Swing check valve
d) Angle check valve
NOTE: Brass 70 Cu & 30 Zn, bronze 88copper + 12 tin, gunmetal 88 cu + 10 tin + 2 Zncompositions. Aluminum
bronze- copper, tin, aluminum. Aluminum brass- copper, zinc, aluminum.
117. In a positive displacement reciprocating pump, the use of the accumulator is to? (single answer)
a) Steady the flow in the discharge section of the pipe
b) Dampen the pressure surge on discharge side
c) To always maintain a discharge head on the pump
d) Both options a & b
NOTE: According to INTRODUCTION TO MARINE ENGINEERING BY D.A. TAYLOR an air vessel is usually
fitted in the discharge pipe work to dampen out the pressure variations during discharge. As the discharge pressure
rises the air is compressed in the vessel, and as the pressure falls the air expands. The peak pressure energy is thus
stored in the air and returned to the system when the pressure falls.
118. The process of depositing chromium on to steel surfaces by diffusion coating is known as (single
answer)
a) Galvanizing
b) Chromising
c) Calorising
d) Coppering
NOTE: The process of depositing zinc on steel surfaces by diffusion coating is known as Sherardising. The process
of depositing chromium on steel surfaces by diffusion coating is known as Chromising. The process of depositing
aluminum on steel surfaces by diffusion coating is known as Calorising.
119. When running two centrifugal pumps in parallel, flow rate is increased
a) True
b) False
c) May be
d) I don't know
NOTE: Pumps are put on parallel operation for high discharge flow or to get variable flow.
120. You have started pumping out a fore peak tank. The ballast pump is running showing a low
discharge pressure but a positive suction pressure, chief engineer asks you to throttle the discharge valve to
increase the back pressure on the pump. Why do you require doing the same?
a) The pump’s discharge rate needs to be controlled as it is pumping at a higher than rated capacity
b) Chief engineer wants you to slow down as the deballasting is going on too fast and will finish
sooner than expected
c) It is a misconception that pumps operate smoothly at increased back pressure and throttling of the
discharge valve is a wrong practice
d) Centrifugal pumps cannot operate at greater than rated capacity, so throttling the discharge valve
is only going to decrease the discharge rate below rated capacity
121. Which of the following types of boiler burners have maximum turn down ratio? (single answer)
a) Pressure jet type
b) Spinning cup burner
c) Spill type burner
d) Y-jet type burner
NOTE: According to GTH FLANAGAN the turn down ratio of pressure jet type burner is limited to a value of
about 3.5. Spinning cup burner has values of over 10:1. Y-jet type burner has a turn down ratio up to 20:1.
122. F.O. transfer pump was working efficiently, but it stopped taking suction suddenly. There is a
sounding of 6.0 m in the F.O. deep tank. The suction pressure gauge was renewed recently and is showing a
positive pressure when pump is running, but pump is not transferring any F.O. what is the most probable
cause? (single answer)
a) Pump is damaged and needs overhaul
b) Suction filter cover gasket might leaking
c) Pump relief valve might be leaking
d) The pump suction pipeline is blocked
NOTE: As in the question it is said that the pump was working efficiently, but it stopped taking suction suddenly, so
there is nothing wrong with the pump. If the pump filter cover gasket would have been leaking then the pressure
gauge would have been showing zero pressure that is the atmospheric pressure or negative. If the pump suction pipe
would have been blocked then the pressure gauge would have been showing negative pressure. But it is showing
positive pressure and it was renewed recently so the relief valve is leaking due to which discharge side is connected
to suction side. So it is not transferring any oil.
123. Motor stator winding badly contaminated by dirt, oil and grease should be cleaned by (single
answer)
a) High pressure compressed air
b) Suction or vacuum cleaning
c) Brushing, spraying or immersion in an approved cleaning solvent
d) Immersion in fresh water followed by drying
NOTE: If it is badly contaminated then vacuum cleaning is inefficient. We have to use cleaning solvent to clean it.
124. Aluminum being lower than zinc in galvanic series provides lesser protection to steel compared to
the zinc coating. Which one of the following is a true statement (single answer)
a) Aluminum coating provides good corrosion protection compared that of zinc at elevated
temperatures
b) Zinc is always preferred over aluminum coating irrespective of the temperature of metal surface
c) Aluminum is never used as coating material
d) Aluminum reacts with steel, so cannot be used for coating steel
NOTE: Aluminum can withstand high temperature when protecting steel from corrosion.According to corrosion pdf
file protection of steel by zinc is good at temperatures below 65 0c, but at higher temperatures it is possible for the
steel to corrode preferentially to the zinc.
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE leakage along the valve spindle is prevented by a stuffing box, packed with
a suitable material and a gland.
NOTE: Corrosion is a chemical process in which metal reacts with its environment. Although cavitation erosion is
regarded as a mechanical deteriorationprocess, when considering sea water as the working fluid the influence
ofcorrosion must be acknowledged in any situation where damage to a metallicsurface is experienced. Conditions
which lead to cavitation erosion in pipingsystems are also capable of inducing impingement corrosion
particularlyofthe comparatively thin wall copper alloy piping downstream ofcomponentsof interest. In fact, the latter
mechanism is more insidious in some respectssince a lower order of hydrodynamic forces is sufficient to promote
attackand at least the presence of cavitation may be detected by the characteristicnoise emitted by the collapsing
cavities. So significant is the influence ofcorrosion, particularly impingement corrosion, and those failures by
hydrodynamicdeterioration processes are sometimes termed "corrosion/erosion".Design considerations for the
avoidance of impingement corrosion will bediscussed in the following section. However, the fact that cavitation may
bedetected makes somewhat easier the task of defining conditions for itsavoidance.
127. In which of the following types of refractory failure, softening of the refractory bricks takes place
due to presence of sodium/vanadium in fuel?
a) Spalling
b) Cracking
c) Shrinkage cracking
d) Slagging
NOTE: According to GTH FLANAGAN due to reaction of vanadium and sodium salts with the refractory material
molten slag is formed, which then runs down to the furnace floor. This reduces the wall thickness and leads to build
up in the level of furnace floor which can eventually interface with the shape of the flame. Cold air impinging upon
the hot refractory causes a surface flaking known as Spalling.
128. A thin layer of electrolyte trapped in a small pits on a metal surface and remaining stagnant over a
period of time may cause
a) Erosion
b) Bimetallic corrosion
c) Crevice corrosion
d) Corrosion fatigue
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file this is a form of attack which may occur when a thin film of electrolyte is
trapped in a crevice and becomes stagnant. Such crevices may be formed between closely fitting components or
even under mounds of corrosion product. In this condition, corrosion occurs due to concentration cells created by
either limited oxygen availability or a difference in metal ion concentration.
129. In case of tankers, the speed of cargo pumps is reduced while stripping, why?
a) To avoid cavitation of the pump as the NPSHA may fall below NPSHR if speed is not reduced
b) To avoid cavitation of pump as the NPSHA may rise above NPSHR if speed is not reduced
c) To prevent the pump from over speeding if it loses suction
d) Decreasing the speed increases the discharge head of the pump which is required to pump out the
remaining cargo
NOTE: NPSH increases when velocity of flow reduces (NPSH = Suction Head – losses – vapour pressure), Losses α
vel. of flow2.
130. Which of the following statements is false about cleanliness of electric motors?
a) External motor body cleanliness of totally enclosed is important since the body helps to dissipate
heat generated
b) Dirt, oil, grease and moisture are primary culprits in deterioration of insulation of stator windings
of a motor
c) High-pressure dry compressed air cleaning is preferred over suction cleaning for stator windings
d) Dry compressed air at a high pressure can drive in dirt inside windings instead of removing them
NOTE: We never use high pressure air for cleaning as it may damage the winding by inserting dirt inside it.
131. The attached vacuum pump of a ballast pump operates on the principle of a
a) Centrifugal pump
b) Reciprocating pump
c) Gear Pump
d) Vane Pump
NOTE: Attached vacuum pump works on water ring principle of reciprocating water piston like a positive
displacement pump for example reciprocating pump. Vane pump is also used sometimes but vanes wear and they
sometimes jam in the rotor slots. So this is not so good. Ejectors are effective is sized correctly but their efficiency is
low.
132. Super chlorinating of fresh water tanks in dry dock is done by
a) Washing the tanks with 100ppm chlorine solution
b) Washing the tanks with 50ppm chlorine solution
c) Leaving a 50ppm chlorine solution in the tank for 4 hours before flushing with clean water
d) Leaving a 50ppm chlorine solution in the tank for 24 hours before flushing with clean water
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE super chlorinating when the vessel is dry docked, consists of leaving a 50
ppm chlorine solution in the tank over a four hour period, followed by flushing with clean water.
133. An auxiliary engine turbo-charged makes strange noises when the load changes. The engine
parameters however are absolutely fine. An external examination of turbocharger parameters as stated in
the manual also reveals nothing. Would you
a) Continue to run the engine and wait for some time
b) Stop the engine for a while and make some checks
c) Reduce the load of the engine
d) Run it on steady load to make some checks
NOTE: It is a symptom of turbocharge0r surging. So the first step is to reduce the engine speed which in turn
reduces scavenge air pressure and there is less tendency of reverse flow from scavenge air manifold to the
turbocharger diffuser. But turbocharger should not surge within designed load. Engine should be stopped
&turbocharger checked for fouling. Here the engine itself is making noise.
134. During prolonged astern maneuvering of the relative expansion between any of the turbine its
casing is likely to increase for an alarming level you should (multi choice)
a) Inform the bridge that no further maneuvering is possible as the turbine are likely to be damaged
b) Reduce the vacuum further to control the relative expansion
c) Keep maneuvering irrespective of damage to the turbines
d) Request the bridge to try to reduce number of astern movements
135. Refer cooling tubes act as self-cooling & expansion by
a) Straight tube
b) U tube
c) Spring tube
d) Fixed tube
NOTE: According to REEDS temperature difference is not so high and the little expansion can be taken up by metal
resilience. So we use straight tube.
NOTE:
DIRECTION OF VOLUTE CASING
The Volute casing and Discharge tube are designed and located according to “the Direction of Rotation of the
Pump" which is pre-determined for a particular design. The correct direction of rotation can be often deduced from
the pumps shape. Focusing on the discharge volute, in which direction do the areas increase? Then that is the
direction of rotation. There is a particular hazard with the double suction. Here it is quite possible in many cases to
install the impeller wrong way round. The shaft may rotate in the correct direction, but the impeller does not. As a
rule, the impeller vanes should always curve away from the direction of rotation.
NOTE: According to ALFA LAVAL purifier manual, Speed too low, possible cause action:
Bowl not closed or leaking - Dismantle and check
Friction elements worn or oily - Fit new friction elements or clean the old ones if they are oily
Belt tension too loose - Tighten the belt
Motor failure/motor bearings - Repair the motor
Bearing overheated/damaged or worn - Fit new bearings
Incorrect transmission (60 Hz pulley running on 50 Hz power supply) - Make sure that the pulley is intended for 50
Hz power supply.
If there is an option for all of the above then go for that option.
138. Purifier leaking bowl opened, cleaned and seal ring changed and put back but still leaking, what
might be wrong
a) high temp
b) high density
c) disc size not proper
d) rpm low
NOTE: According to ALFA LAVAL purifier manual, Outgoing water contains oil, possible cause action:
Gravity disc hole too small - Use a gravity disc with a larger hole
Incorrect separating temperature - Adjust temperature
Throughput too high - Reduce throughput
Sludge space in bowl is filled with sludge - Clean the bowl and shorten time between discharges
Disc stack clogged - Clean the bowl discs
Inlet clogged - Clean
Bowl speed too low – See previous question for possible cause action
Gravity disc hole too large - Use a gravity disc with a smaller hole
Seal ring under the gravity disc defective - Fit a new seal ring
The supply of operating water is notsufficient due to clogged strainer, kinkedhose or low water pressure - Straighten
the hose, clean the strainer, check the water pressure
Oil discharge through wateroutlet = broken water seal, possible cause actionGravity disc too large - Use a gravity
disc with a smaller hole
Separation temperature too low - Increase temperature
Throughput too high - Reduce throughput
The supply of operating water is notsufficient due to clogged strainer, kinked hose or low water pressure - Straighten
the hose, clean the strainer, check thewater pressure
Valve(s) in oil outlet line closed - Open the valve(s) and adjust the back pressure to normal value
Sealing water volume too small - Check water supply
Disc stack clogged - Clean the bowl discs
Seal ring on gravity disc/clarifier discdefective - Fit a new seal ring
Seal ring in sliding bowl bottom or upperor lower distribution ring defective - Install a new seal ring
Bowl hood seal ring defective or sealingsurface of sliding bowl bottom damaged - Install a new seal ring, polish the
surface on slidingbowl bottom or install a new one
Valve plugs defective - Install new valve plugs on operating slide
Bowl speed too low - Bowl incorrectly assembled - Examine and make correct, assuming leakage through water
outlet.
This is taken from MITSUBHISHI PURIFIER MANUAL
139. Sherardising,Chromising, and Calorising are methods of protection from corrosion by which
method
a) Electroplating
b) Galvanization
Metal diffusion
c) Cladding
NOTE: In diffusion coating method the most commonly used coating materials are zinc, chromium and aluminum
and the respective processes are known as Sherardising, Chromising and Calorising.
140. In Impressed Current Cathodic protection system, the current for cathodic protection is supplied
by
a) Use of sacrificial anodes
b) A low voltage D.C. supply
c) A low voltage A.C. supply
d)
110 V A.C. supply
NOTE: In ICCP the supply current and the voltage are also low and D.C.
141. Which of the following instruments is used to measure rudder carrier bearing wear down? (single
answer)
a) Poker gauge
b) Telescopic feeler gauge
c) Depth gauge
d)
Trammel
NOTE: Trammel gauge is used to measure rudder drop.
142. In a Sea Water cooled J.C.W. cooler, the most common cause for loss in cooling efficiency of the
heater is
a) Scale formation on J.C.W. side
b) Mud/silt deposits on J.C.W. side
c) Scale formation on S.W. side
d) None of the above
NOTE: In sea water cooled J.C.W. cooler the main problem is with the S.W. side because as F.W. side is closed we
put chemicals for treatment, but in S.W. side there is always chance for scale formation which will affect the cooler
efficiency.
143. Cadmium coatings provide corrosion protection. Cadmium coatings are commercially carried out
using which of the following methods
a) Metal Spraying
b) Electro-plating
c) Hot-dipping
d) Metal diffusion
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file cadmium coatings have good resistance to marine corrosion, but the only
commercially practical form is electro plating. Consequently its application is for small components, such as
fastening materials used for atmospheric exposure conditions.
144. The common term used for failure of metal and alloys in a corrosive environment , when subject
to high stresses is known as
a) Fatigue failure
b) Corrosion fatigue
c) Stress corrosion cracking
d)Fretting Corrosion
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file stress corrosion cracking is a process caused by the joint action of stress and
a corrodent.
145. Wheel operated butterfly valves are operated through a reduction gearbox. The Gear arrangement
inside of gear box is of _________ type
a) Bevel Gear
b) Rack & Pinion Gear
c) Planetary Gear
d) Worm & Worm Wheel
NOTE: M Series hand wheel gear actuators are totally enclosed, weatherproof, worm gear actuators for reliable
manual operation with Type A11, A31A and A41 High Performance Butterfly Valves. The M Series actuator
consists of a body housing, cover, worm gear, input shaft, and hand wheel. The housing is grease-packed.Gear
Operators: DEJITHINO Weatherproof Gear Operators are offered with a choice of hand wheel, chain-wheel, or
square nut. The worm gearing has self-locking set screws to control open and closed positioning or an optional
adjustable memory stop for “balance return” to a preset open position after closing.
146. Use of synthetic polymer treatment limited to low pressure boiler why
a) Does not prevention of scale formation
b) Does not help in corrosion prevention
c) Does not form phosphate to tackle caustic
d)All of the above
NOTE: Polymer is a giant molecular built up by stringing together simple molecules, E.G.
Polymer treatment prevents scale formation and minimizes sludge formation. It can also loosen scale so established
boilers introduced to this form of treatment may develop leaks where previously plugged with scale, especially in
way of expanded joints. Also can absorb trace oil. Use limited to LP boiler as no PO4 present to prevent caustic
alkalinity for auxiliary boiler. This is a superior form of treatment to the old alkaline and phosphate treatment. The
correct level of alkalinity must be maintained as too low a level neutralizes the electric charge of the poly-
electrolyte. Too high causes caustic alkalinity.
147. Resistance to corrosion of Aluminum alloys is due to
a) Aluminum being a very noble metal when compared to other metals in electrochemical series
b) Formation of aluminum oxide (Alumina) passive film on surface
c) The rate of corrosion is very low due to very high corrosion potential
d) All of the above
NOTE: Aluminum forms alumina on alloys exposed to air which gives a very good corrosion resistance. It is also
very noble metal as compared to others in galvanic series. Breaks in the film do not normally lead to accelerated
attack at such positions unlike stainless steels and the film remains stable except when exposed to alkaline waters or
hot sea water.
148. Graphitization is the term used to describe (single answer)
a) Bimetallic corrosion of brass and bronze alloys leading to deposition of graphite
b) Selective phase corrosion of grey cast iron leading to corrosion of graphite flakes and leading to
loss of strength
c) Electroplating process in which graphite is deposited on the mild steel components to protect them
against corrosion
d) Chemical reaction between pure graphite and iron so as to increase the graphite content of iron
NOTE: It is select ive phase corrosion where the matrix of the alloy is converted to iron oxides; the graphite
flakes and the phosphorous rich compound are virtually not attacked which is not visible but causes loss of strength
of that material. Under graphitization C I iron will be corroded leaving behind a soft graphite and loose its strength
and it will crack.
149. Accelerated corrosion due to removal of protective surface films (e.g.) oxide layers on metal/alloy
surfaces due to turbulence of working fluid is known as (single answer)
a) Bimetallic corrosion
b) Impingement corrosion
c) Cavitation erosion
d) Selective phase corrosion
NOTE: Impingement attack is accelerated corrosion due to the removal of protective corrosion product films by
turbulent water flow, thereby continually exposing a clean metal surface which forms the anode site.
150. Cold and viscous lubricating oil of an auxiliary engine is most likely to cause ___________
(single answer)
a) Sudden stopping of the engine
b) Difficulty in starting the engine
c) Rhythmic knocking sound from inside the engine
d) Drop in RPM of the engine
NOTE: According to MAN B&W OPERATION MANUAL DIFFICULTY: Engine turns on starting air, but no fuel
injection occurs due to too low fuel pump index. ONE OF THE CAUSES: Too high viscosity of fuel oil. According
to DIHATSU AUXILIARY ENGINE MANUAL troubleshooting: when starting is difficult/engine does not start,
because: too high lubricating oil viscosity.
151. A sea chest filter has to be cleaned. Which one of the following best practice should be followed
prior opening the filter?
a) Close inlet & outlet valves of the filter before opening the filter
b) Close inlet & outlet valves of the filter, then open the vent to release pressure before opening the
filter
c) Close inlet & outlet valves of the filter before opening the filter
d) Put the other sea chest into use, isolate the filter by closing inlet & outlet valves, purge the filter
body to depressurize it and then open up slowly
152. What is the correct procedure in tightening a torque spanner? (multiple answer)
a) Tightening beyond the cracking sound
b) By using a addition length rod
c) Fluctuating load
d) None of the above
153. The delivery rate of an axial piston hydraulic pump is controlled by varying the position of the
_____________
a) Tilting box
b) Slide block
c) Pintle
d)
Reaction ring
NOTE: JITHIN GEORGE says tilting box is used in axial piston pump to control the stroke by changing the tilting
angle.
154. Freight paid by charterers on a quantity of cargo short-shipped, i.e. quantity agreed upon but not
loaded by the charterer is called
a) Pro-rata freight
b) Back Freight
c) Dead freight
d) None of the above
NOTE: According to EDWARD F STEVENS AND C.S.J. BUTTERFIELD (SHIPPING PRACTICE) the ship
owner is not entitled to claim pro rata freight for the part of the voyage he has carried the goods, but if the ship does
not complete the voyage, the master may make arrangements to transship the cargo to final port of discharge and
thus earn his freight, all charges for such transshipment or forwarding being for his account. There is no exception to
this rule, however: if the consignee is notified that the ship has stopped short of its destination, and voluntarily
agrees with the ship owner to take delivery at the intermediate port, then pro rata freight would become chargeable.
Dead freight: payment for space booked but not used. When by contract or charter party space is booked for a
definite quantity, and shippers fail to provide cargo, or do not provide the full amount agreed, then the owner is
entitled to claim dead freight for unoccupied space. The ship owner, however, is not entitled to place him in a better
financial position by receiving dead freight in excess of the actual freight he would have earned by the carriage of
the goods. Dead freight is therefore calculated by the amount of cargo which should have been carried, but which in
fact was not, at the agreed rate of freight, less all charges which would have been incurred by the owner in the
carriage of the goods, that is, loading and discharging expenses. Dead freight is rarely demanded in cases in a berth
shipment and fails to supply them. Back freight: freight charged for the return of goods which have not been
accepted at port of delivery. Should a shipper forward goods to a consignee who refuses to take delivery, the owner
may either exercise his lien-if freight has not been paid-and sell goods, or return them to the shipper. The shipper is
then charged with an additional amount of freight for their return, which is known as back freight. Another form of
back freight is when goods have been over stowed or over carried, through a wrong mark appearing on the case. For
example, goods intended for Montevideo, and port marked Buenos Aires would not be accessible at Montevideo,
and would, therefore, have to be over carried to Buenos Aires. There again back freight would be chargeable for the
return of the goods from Buenos Aires to Montevideo, and if wrongly marked would be chargeable to the shipper.
155. Which of the following will be required to be done in order to reduce sulphur corrosion of Main
Engine components
a) Increasing the atomization pressure of fuel injectors
b) Fitting exhaust valves with valve rotators
c) Running engine at or near normal sea load
d) Decreasing the F.O. purifier feed rate, running two purifier in series one acting as purifier and
other as clarifier ( IF MULTIPLE CHOICE)
NOTE: Running at normal sea load will maintain the cylinder temperature above dew point, by which chances of
sulphur corrosion will be less.
156. A ball valve is found leaking in service and needs to be overhauled. What type of repairs can be
carried out?
a) The ball and seat can be lap together
b) The ball can be machined while the seat can be replaced
c) Normally both the non-metallic seats get worn out and have to be replaced
d) Normally ball gets damaged and has to be replaced
NOTE: Normally the seat material is softer and it worn out first. When it’s leaking the seat has to be replaced.
157. When A/E stand by F.O. heater in use of main engine
a) Sudden opening F.O. inlet valve pressurized and damage the heater
b) F.O. in vapour lock inside heater allow steam
c) F.O. inlet valve causes pressure drop M/E F.O. pressure standby water is not pressurized may
cause sudden change in engine /per load/rpm
d) heater leaking
NOTE: Cooling charge air below dew point will increase the risk of water condensation inside the cylinder which
can mix with sulphur to produce sulphuric acid and cause corrosion.
159. The function of an accumulator on the discharge side of a reciprocating bilge pump is to
a) Supply liquid even when the pump is not running
b) Dampen out the pressure pulses and smoothen the flow
c) Increase the discharge pressure by storing liquid under pressure
d) No such device is required to be fitted to modern bilge pumps
NOTE: The function of an accumulator in reciprocating pump is to steady the flow in the discharge section of the
pipe and dampen the pressure surge on discharge side. According to INTRODUCTION TO MARINE
ENGINEERING BY D.A. TAYLOR an air vessel is usually fitted in the discharge pipe work to dampen out the
pressure variations during discharge. As the discharge pressure rises the air is compressed in the vessel, and as the
pressure falls the air expands. The peak pressure energy is thus stored in the air and returned to the system when the
pressure falls.
160. Which of the listed operations will cause an automatically controlled refrigeration compressor to
restart?
a) Closing of the solenoid valve
b) Closing of the expansion valve
c) An increase in the suction pressure
d) Decreasing the suction pressure
NOTE: Automatic operation of refrigeration compressor depends on LP cut out. LP cut out automatically starts the
compressor when there is an increase in suction pressure above set pressure.
161. The discharge head of a centrifugal pump will vary directly with the
a) Change in impeller diameter
b) Square of the impeller diameter
c) Cube of the impeller diameter
d) Impeller efficiency for large changes in the size of the impeller
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE in case of a constant speed pump the head varies as the square of the
diameter, the capacity varies as the diameter and the power varies as the cube of the diameter.
162. The gland of main sea water pump was leaking badly. You have renewed all the packings using
packings of correct size and specification. After starting the pump, you see that the pump gland is still
leaking badly and doesn’t stop even after tightening of gland. What is the most probable cause?
a) The packings used are duplicate and should be replaced with the original
b) The cooling water supply to lantern ring is clogged
c) There is some scale formation on the shaft in way of gland packings
d) The shaft sleeve is scored and needs replacement
NOTE: As the packing is good sleeve might not be properly finished to give perfect sealing.
163. What is the purpose of the Bypass valve (Automatic or Manual operated) on the positive
displacement pump?
a) Control the Discharge Pressure
b) Another valve provided for Discharging
c) Not required
d) I don't know
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE bypass or relief valves are often fitted with automatic volume control
valves which control the output of the pump in order to maintain either a constant pressure or a vacuum at a specific
point in the system, as in diesel engine lubricating oil supply to ensure constant pressure at engine inlet irrespective
of oil viscosity.
164. You have a two stage centrifugal pump, with both stages in parallel
configuration. After dismantling the pump you realize that you forgot
to the marking and both impellers are identical. Both the impellers are
single entry type and the eye of both the impellers will come in
opposite direction what are you going to do?
a) Since marking was forgotten, so we need not worry, any impeller
can come in any place as they are identical
b) Any impeller can come in any place, but the phase sequence of the
electrical motor driving the pump may have to be reversed, ifimpellers have exchanged places
c) You have to find out the right placement of the right impeller
with respect to the direction of rotation or by looking at the volute
casing
d) Hit n trial method can be utilized for fitting the impellers
NOTE: If we don’t fit the impellers in correct position as per their direction of rotation then they are not going to
serve the purpose.
165. Boiler corrosion is prevented above 100 deg by formation of a protective layer inside of
a) Ferrous hydroxide
b) Magnetite
c) Hematite
d) Iron sulphate
NOTE: According to REEDS BOILER hydrazine reserve is essential for maintaining the black magnetite (Fe 3O4)
layer, removing oxygen and keeping the water in a reducing condition. According to REEDS GENERAL caustic
corrosion results in the destruction of the protective magnetic oxide of iron film (Fe 3O4) and the base metal is then
attacked by the concentrated sodium hydroxide.
NOTE: Basically to protect shaft from erosion, corrosion and wear sleeves are provided so that in case of more
damage we can replace the sleeve no need to replace the whole shaft.
167. Boiler pump operate at an elevated temperature and pressure. The ideal materials for the pump
casing and impeller should be
a) Gunmetal casing, al bronze impeller
b) High grade CI casing, bronze impeller
c) Cast steel casing, SS impeller
d) Cast steel casing, al bronze impeller
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE boiler feed pump casing is of cast steel, shaft and impeller are of stainless
steel.
168. Direction of rotation of centrifugal pump is reversed by changing the motor connections
a) Pump will deliver the liquid in reverse direction
b) Pump discharge and capacity will be affected
c) Efficiency will decrease
d) Casing get overheated
NOTE: If the direction of rotation is reversed then the impeller will do nothing but churn the liquid inside it. So the
discharge and capacity will affect. Temperature of the liquid can go up due to churning action. Casing temperature
can also increase. Overall efficiency will be affected.There is a big difference between the terms "Reverse Rotation"
and "Reverse Flow" related to the Centrifugal Pump. Reverse Rotation means that the direction of the rotation of the
Impeller is reversed. This may be caused by the reversal of the direction of the driving motor by the reversing of the
wiring connections. In this case there will be no difference in the Operation of the Pump principally. That means the
Pump would still continue to deliver the fluid from the low pressure suction side to the Higher Pressure Delivery
side in the positive direction of flow. But the fact is that the flow would not be generating the flow characteristics
and parameters according to the original design. The flow would certainly be forward directed but there will be
jamming in the flow and pressure heads would drastically change affecting the discharge. This is actually happening
because of the original design of the Involutes Casing of the pump and the location of the Discharge tube. The
Volute casing and Discharge tube are designed and located according to “the Direction of Rotation of the Pump"
which is pre determined for a particular design. The Impeller type used (open flow, closed, mixed type) and the
Volute Casing designed as per the original pump specifications will be responsible for the actual type of discrepancy
in the pressure head and the flow characteristic observed and will vary from pump to pump. But certainly the
changed flow pattern (though forward directed) will reduce the efficiency and cause bubbling etc. in the flow
chamber eventually affecting the efficiency of the pump and reducing the discharge. There may be cavitation
observed in the larger sections of the volute chamber and the pressure head will be affected accordingly.But as far as
the Basic Pumping action is considered the Pump would still continue to pump the fluid in the Positive Discharge
Direction.
169. Main engine is running but viscosity of fuel cannot be maintained. Fuel oil heater has a maximum
rating of 4 bar steam pressure. Steam through a pressure reducing valve is provided to the heater at 4 bars
but still viscosity of fuel cannot be brought down below 20cst. As a good marine engineering practice what
will you do?
a) Let the engine run at same rpm n wait for the port to come to carry out the cleaning of heater
b) Reduce the rpm till next port arrives n then clean the heaters
c) Increase the steam pressure by adjusting the setting of steam reducing valve
d) Stop the engine and clean the heaters
NOTE: With high viscosity engine will have difficulty in firing and cause irregular running. So we cannot continue
to run the engine at high viscosity. We also cannot increase steam pressure more than the maximum rating. So we
have to stop the engine and clean the filters.
170. Fuels as produced in a refinery are generally sterile, however contamination can occur as fuels are
a) Stored at the refinery
b) Stored on the vessel
c) Transported to the distribution sites
d) All of the above are correct
171. Which of the following statements concerning antifriction bearings installed on pumps is true?
a) The inner race should be free to turn on the shaft
b) The outer race should be free to turn its housing
c) Alignment is not a critical factor in their installation
d) They are usually pressed on to their shafts
NOTE: Antifriction bearings are nothing but the ball or roller bearings. The inner race is fixed to the shaft and the
outer race is fixed to the bearing housing. The only thing which free to rotate is balls or rollers. If alignment is not
proper then load distribution among the balls will be unequal resulting damage to the bearing. Here last option is the
best one.
172. The water from discharge side of the a centrifugal pump is supplied as sealing water to the stuffing
box for the pump shaft at
a) Sealing ring
b) Shaft sleeve
c) Lantern ring
d) Neck bush
NOTE: The pumped liquid is supplied as sealing water sometime act as cooling water also to the stuffing box for the
pump shaft at lantern ring.
173. After overhauling pumps, pumps cannot be turned freely by hand. The possible cause could be
a) Uneven tightness of the casing Nuts
b) Gasket between the casing too thin
c) Big clearance between the wear Ring
d) Only A
e) Both A and B
174. Resistance testing should be ideally done on electrical equipment when the equipment is
a) Cold
b) Hot or at working temperature
c) In operation
d) At part load
NOTE: When measuring resistance the equipment must be dead. At working temperature readings are better.
176. It is a known fact that centrifugal pumps require priming for pumping liquids, as they can’t handle
air and will lose suction due to air entry. But on the other hand turbochargers use centrifugal compressors
for supercharging. Which of the following do you think makes a centrifugal compressor to pump air and
behave differently than the centrifugal pumps?
a) Presence of air cooler
b) Presence of labyrinth seal
c) High speed of rotation, very fine internal clearance and large impeller diameters
d) Difference in the principle of operation
NOTE: According to REEDS motor the air from the inducer enters into the eye of the impeller and flung radially
outward at increasing velocity due to the centrifugal effect at high rotational speed. At discharge from the impeller it
passes to the diffuser where its velocity is reduced in the divergent passages thus converting its kinetic energy into
pressure energy.
177. Which of the followingcannot be removed from fuel oil by centrifugal force in the purifier and
micro filtration?
a) Sodium
b) Aluminumand silicon
c) Vanadium
d) Ash
178. Sudden opening or closing of sea water pipe can cause
a) Cavitation
b) Water hammering
c) Steam hammering
d) No problem
NOTE: High initial velocity of water will cause severely water hammering in the pipelines.
179. Steam stop valve is eased off its seat during boiler start up for?
a) To allow thermal expansion of parts
b) To allow steam flow during start up
c) To prevent water hammer
d) All of the above
NOTE: To prevent water hammer we open the drain of main steam line. To warm up main steam line and parts we
normally crack open the steam stop valve.
180. Which of the following is the material is used to manufacture tube plates of a shell and tube type
heat exchanger?
a) Cupro nickel
b) Aluminum brass
c) Admiralty brass
d) Gunmetal
NOTE: Cupro nickel and aluminum brass are used for tubes. Naval brass (60% Cu 40% Zn 1% Sn) and admiralty
brass (69%-Cu 30%-Zn 1%-Sn 0.02-0.06% As) are used for tube plates.
NOTE: Throttling of suction valve of screw pump will only affect the discharge quantity and the suction pressure. If
we close the valve more less liquid will get sucked into the pump and less liquid will also discharge.
182. Reciprocating compressors lines are fitted with a _______ to keep the discharge free of pulses
a) Accumulator
b) Unloader
c) Safety valve
d) Pressure reducing valve
183. Boiler not starting in 2-3 time, what do we do?
a) Check fuel ignition system
b) Check fuel burning system
c) Check furnace
d) All above
184. Sea chest is to be cleaned andyou found that the filter is stainless steel bucket type filter,inside
which there is a zinc anode. The purpose of the anode is to __________ and should be electrically
_________ with filter body.
a) Stainless steel filter, isolated
b) Mild steel body, continuous
c) Protect adjacent pipelines, continuous
d) Sea chest, isolated
NOTE: The body or pipelines are made of mild steel and the filter is made of stainless steel. Mild steel can corrode
preferentially to stainless steel. If we put zinc as anode then being less noble it will corrode first saving them.
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE in order to exist, the bacteria need a continuing supply of oxygen from the
air and sewage wastes. If plant is shut down or bypassed or if the air supply fails, the bacteria die and the plant
cannot function correctly until a new bacteria colony is generated. So in order to fulfill this requirement the air
compressor has to run continuously.
186. After removing all the bonnet securing nuts of a large size globe valve it is found that the bonnet is
not coming out because of strong adhesion of the gasket between the bonnet and the body. What are you
going to do in line with the best practices? (choose the best alternative) (single answer)
a) A chain block can be hooked onto the handwheel and bonnet should be (freed out of gasket
adhesion) lifted clear of the valve body
b) Hammer the valve bonnet and the bridge from all sides using a big hammer until the bonnet is free
c) Use a hammer and chisel and try to force the chisel in, at the joint of bonnet and body equally
from all the sides until the bonnet is clear
d) Try to close the valve disc further onto the seat by turning the handwheel in closing direction so as
to jack-up the bonnet
NOTE: In case of double entry impeller theoretically the hydraulic forces are balanced but practically it is not
possible due to the construction of pipelines and the motion at which the fluid is entering into the impeller. But
eventually the load and the thrust are lesser as compared to other types.
NOTE: Stainless steel forms an oxide film spontaneously on exposure to oxygen in air or aerated water. Without this
oxide film their corrosion resistance is only slightly better than normal engineering steels but with it they act as
noble alloys. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel in sea water is dominated by the ability to maintain and
repair the passive oxide film.
189. Before starting either a centrifugal pump ora priming pump, it should be ensured that _____ is at
the correct level
a) Lube oil
b) Sealing water
c) Fuel oil
d) Sealing oil
NOTE: During starting of a centrifugal pump the most important thing is priming. So sealing water is important
factor.
NOTE: According to D.T. HALL changes in underwater hull area, speed, water temperature, salinity and paint
condition will all cause the anode currents to vary in ICCP system.
191. Which of the following anodes of ICCP can be used for comparatively higher current densities?
a) Zinc
b) High silicon iron
c) Lead silver
d) Platinized titanium
192. What could be the reason if feed pump can hardly pump in water to the auxiliary boiler causing
cascade level to rise and temp too high?
a) High ambient temp
b) Clogged condense water tubes
c) Filter dirty
d) Low cascade water level
NOTE: High temperature of feed water reduces NPSH, pump looses suction.
193. #1 cargo tank has a cargo A with specific gravity of 0.7 and #2 cargo tank having cargo B with
specific gravity of 1.05. #1 cargo pump is taking suction from #1 cargo tank while #2 from #2 and both is
pumping shore to two identical tanks.#1 and #2 cargo tanks both are identical and both had same sounding
during starting. Pumps are also identical and placed in pump room. Discharge manifold and shore pipelines
for both the cargoes are identical and discharge valve for both are fully open.What will be the discharge
pressure reading of both the pumps?
a) #1 discharge pressure will be higher than 2nd one
b) #2 discharge pressure will be higher than 1st one
c) Both will be same as pipelines are identical
d) Can’t say anything as discharge pressure will be affected by various other parameters
NOTE: Head is independent of fluid density. Speed of the motor will always remain constant unless it is a variable
speed drive, that’s why the pressure and the power consumption increase. A centrifugal pump will always develop
the same head in feet regardless of a liquid’s specific gravity. Pressure will increase or decrease in direct proportion
to a liquid’s specific gravity. Brake HP required will vary directly with a liquid’s specific gravity.
NOTE: 0.05-2.0%
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE screw pumps are used at sea especially for pumping high viscosity liquids
such as oil and some liquid cargoes.
197. Centrifugal pump required priming because they are unable to handle
a) Volatile liquid
b) High temp liquid
c) Lighter liquid
d) Air & gas
198. A centrifugal pump may fail to deliver water when first started if the _________
a) Water seal pipe is plugged
b) Pump is not primed
c) Seal ring is improperly located
d) Impeller is flooded
199. In a centrifugal pump sealing between gland packing and bearing housing is provided by_____
a) Shaft seal
b) Water flinger
c) O-ring
d) Lantern ring
200. Two compressors should not run in parallel because
a) It’s not efficient
b) It will give overcapacity in the system
c) There is possibility of losing oil from one compressor to other
d) Both a and b
201. Less vacuum in centrifugal pump
a) Leaky discharge valve
b) Loss of gland packing
c) Loss of fluid from suction tank
d) Long suction pipe
NOTE: There is a chance of sucking air from the gland packing area. So vacuum will be less.
NOTE: Throttling of suction valve may cause the pressure to fall below vapour pressure which will cause
cavitation.Low suction head causes low NPSH.
204. With reference to centrifugal pump characteristics what will be the effect when pump is started
withsuction valve closed or discharge valve closed (single answer)
a) Suction valve shut head & flow rate will be 0; discharge valve shut flow rate will be 0and head
will bemaximum height
b) Suction valve shut head will be 0& flow rate will be minimum, discharge valve shut flow rate will
be 0 head will be minimum height
c) Suction valve shut head and flow rate will be 0; discharge valve shut flow rate will be
minimumand head will beat min height
d) None of the above
NOTE: According to the characteristic diagram if suction valve is shut then flow and head both will be zero. If
discharge valve shut then flow will be zero and head will be at maximum.
205. The overheating of fuel oil in the fuel oil heaters may result in
a) Excessive atomization
b) Clogged fuel oil heaters
c) Ineffective straining of fuel oil
d) Low fuel service pump discharge pressure
NOTE: According to JITHIN ARANHA atomization depends on fuel temperature and viscosity. If we overheat the
fuel excessive atomization can occur. High temperature will cause lower in density so the pressure developed by the
service pump will also be low.USCG BOOK 13 QUES 1348 ANS IS B
206. In refrigeration system vegetable room and meat room are maintained at different temperature by
a) Different expansion
b) By putting solenoid valves
c) By boiling refrigerant at different pressures
d) By using smaller evaporator
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE the temperature of the refrigerated spaces with a direct expansion system is
controlled between limits through a thermostatic switch and a solenoid valve which is either fully open to permit
flow of refrigerant to the room evaporator or closed to shut off flow.
207. The best way to clean compressor impeller of an auxiliary engine turbocharger would be
a) By soaking it overnight in a strong chemical solution like carbon remover or aircooler cleaning
chemical
b) By chipping the dirt off the impeller blades
c) By using a pneumatic wire brush
d) By soaking in warm water and then cleaning it gently by rags
208. For any pump maximum theoretical lift is
a) 10.5 feet
b) 10.2 meter
c) 10.5 meter
d) 12.0 meter
e) None
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE the theoretical suction lift of a pump at sea level with water at 15 0C is 1.013
x 10.2 = 10.3 meter where the barometric pressure is 1.013 bar (1 atm) and 10.2 meter is the head of water
equivalent to 1 bar.
NOTE: If the spindle itself is badly scored then the gland packing is not going to provide perfect sealing.
211. In A/C room people complained of being too cool the problem might be
a) Relative humidity high
b) Air velocity low
c) Heater failure to cut out at proper temperature
d) Relative humidity low
212. Purpose of balancing hole on single entry enclosed type impeller of centrifugal pump
a) Static balancing of impeller
b) Dynamic balancing of impeller
c) Balance out axial thrust on the impeller & hence the shaft
d) To reduce weight of impeller at the same time of dynamic balancing the complete rotating
assembly
NOTE: To eliminate the axial thrust of a single suction impeller, a pump can be provided with both front and back
wear rings. To equalize the thrust areas, the inner diameter of both rings is made the same. Pressure approximately
equal to the suction pressure is maintained in a chamber located on the impeller side of the back wearing ring by
drilling balancing holes through the impeller. Leakage past the back wearing ring is returned to the suction area
through these holes. However, with large single stage single suction pumps, balancing holes are considered
undesirable because leakage back to the impeller suction opposes the main flow, creating disturbances. In such
pumps, a pipe connection to the pump suction replaces the balancing holes.
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE the corrosion and other problems associated with salt water circulation
systems can be minimized by using it for cooling central coolers through which fresh water from a closed circuit is
passed.
215. Double entry impellers have advantage over single entry impeller. What is it?
a) They balance out axial thrust
b) It gives a higher pumping efficiency
c) It is cheaper and easier to manufacture
d) The need of installing line bearing onto the pump shaft is eliminated
NOTE: For the general service single stage axially split design, a double suction impeller is favored because it is
theoretically in an axial hydraulic balance and because the grater suction area of a double suction impeller permits
the pump to operate with less net absolute suction head.
NOTE: Normally high speed steels are used for cutting tools. So they are alloyed with different metals like
chromium, tungsten, vanadium, cobalt, molybdenum and given with high carbon percentage, more than 0.7% to
make them strong enough for this use.
217. Non return valve of main sea water pump is leaking in closed position. You have a return type of
valve onboard of same dimension. What willyou do?
a) Do nothing and run same pump order for a new one
b) Replace and run the same pump keeping the other standby until new valve arrives
c) Put blank on the valve and run other pump
218. In a electro- hydraulic steering gear, the movement of actuator is created by
_______________________
a) Starting the motors on both power units
b) Operating the isolating valves
c) Starting at least one power unit and actuating the direction valves
d) Starting both power units and actuating the direction valves
NOTE: To get hydraulic pressure for the movement of actuator we need to start at least one power unit. Direction
valve if actuated will allow the flow of pressurized oil into the system.
NOTE: In trunk type engine there is no cross head arrangement. So the side thrust is taken by extended piston skirt
and liner.
221. Scaling of boiler tubes from within will lead to overheating of the tubes. How does it affect the
boiler operation?
a) It doesn’t affect the boiler as the boilers are designed to run with scaling of tubes
b) Excessive overheating may lead to tube material oxidation as well as loss in strength at elevated
temperature leading to tube failure
c) If tubes are overheated, it will lead to greater steam generation
d) The natural circulation of water will be effected
NOTE: According to GTH FLANAGAN overheating is caused due to loss of cooling effect caused by loss of
circulation and scaling. Due to overheating metal loses its strength and distorts. This can result in expanded tubes
pulling out of tube plates, local bulging of tube surfaces with eventual rupture, the sagging of super heater tubes
between their supports.
222. In modern 2-stroke marine diesel engines, the combustion chamber is designed to have a
_____________ shape to suit 3 fuel injector used
a) Cylindrical
b) Toroidal
c) Cycloidal
d) Spherical
223. One function of the fuel pump delivery check valve is to
a) Prevent carbon deposits from forming on the injector nozzle
b) Help the injector needle reseat without dribbling at the nozzle holes
c) Provide a prolonged pressure drop in the high pressure steel piping to the injector
d) Ensure a fuel leakoff between the plunger and barrel which provides lubrication for relative
movement
224. A control action which produces a corrective signal relative to the length of time the controlled
variable has been away from the set point, is known as
a) Integral action
b) Proportional action
c) Rate action
d) Derivative action
225. Which of the following is one of the major advantages of resin chocking over cast iron chocking,
in holding down arrangements of modern diesel engines?
a) Better vibration damping properties
b) Better compressive strength
c) 100% contact, no need for surface preparation
d) None of the above
NOTE: According to JITHIN ARANHA resin chocks gives 100% contact on uneven surfaces.
226. The overspeeding of the diesel engine driving an electric generator could cause
a) Low voltage trip to trip
b) Reverse power trip to trip
c) Damage to windings
d) Excessive exhaust temperatures
227. How do you know that a ballast pump is taking suction or not? If a ballast pump is taking good
suction it will depend on the available suction head and a positive discharge pressure. To confirm if the
pump is still pumping, throttling of suction valve will lead to a fall in suction& discharge pressure, while
throttling of discharge valve will to a rise in suction and discharge pressure show (single answer)
a) Positive suction pressure and positive discharge pressure
b) Negative suction pressure and positive discharge pressure
c) Negative or positive suction pressure depending on the available suction head and a positive
discharge pressure
d) Negative or positive suction pressure depending on the available suction head and a positive
discharge pressure
228. Viscosity of fuel oil used for M/E was 14.5 cst. New fuel comes whose viscosity is more than
earlier. What should you do?
a) Increase temp setting
b) Change setting of viscotherm
c) Do nothing
d) Open steam valve manually more
NOTE: Viscosity of fuel to the engine is maintained at set point by viscotherm by opening the steam valve
automatically. If the new oil is having different viscosity then in order to maintain the viscosity at correct value the
viscotherm will open the steam valve accordingly. We don’t need to do anything manually. Assuming the
viscotherm is working absolutely fine.
229. Pump driven clutch type attached vacuum pumps are commonly used for priming ballast pumps
and emergency fire pump. What is the factor which de-clutches the vacuum pump from the pump clutch?
a) Low suction pressure acting against the spring loaded declutching piston
b) High suction pressure acting against the spring loaded declutching piston
c) Low discharge pressure acting against the spring loaded declutching piston
d) High discharge pressure acting against the spring loaded declutching piston
230. How many power strokes per crank shaft revolution are there in an eight cylinder two stroke diesel
engine?
a) One
b) Two
c) Four
d) Three
NOTE: In a two stroke engine power stroke is achieved in one revolution of crank shaft.
231. By using which of the tank we can change the draft but not changing trim of the ship
a) peak tank
b) DB tank
c) Deep tank
d) Top side tank
NOTE: None of these are correct. Tank cg should be at centre of floatation for no change in trim. But assuming DB
tank is in the center option (b) can be correct.
NOTE: All wrong. Correct answer is Δ/40 TPC. According to H.J. PURSEY fresh water allowance is equal to Δ/40
TPC.
233. Which of the following option gives you the correct sequence of the metals/alloys in decreasing
order of preferential corrosion when all of themare bonded and immersed in an electrolyte? (multiple
question)
a) Stainless Steel, Naval Brass, Aluminum bronze, Copper
b) Aluminum Bronze, Cupro-Nickel, Monel metal, Titanium
c) Stainless Steel, Cupro-Nickel, Naval Brass, Monel Metal
d) Stainless Steel, Copper, Naval Brass, Aluminum bronze
234. The main disadvantage of a centrifugal pump is that
a) They are only available in high capacities
b) They are difficult to maintain
c) They are not self priming in nature
d) They are extremely expensive pumps
235. The advantage of a reciprocating bilge pump over centrifugal pumps is that
a) They do not have any advantage over a centrifugal pump
b) They have greater capacity to weight ratio
c) They give a smoother discharge if used in conjunction with an accumulator
d) They are self priming in nature
NOTE: Actually it is measured across phase to earth but in case of normal motor we check ohmic value of winding
across phase to phase. In case of star delta starter used motorwe may check IR across phase to phase but only after
disconnecting the terminals from the starter and completely isolating the motor from the circuit because in this case
the windings are not connected with each other, they are connected outside the motor in the starter panel when the
motor is starting or running. According to D.T HALL for insulation resistance test on a three phase machine,
measure and log the phase to phase insulation resistance values. Three readings should be measured as U-V, V-W,
and W-U. Measure and log the phase to earth insulation resistance values. Three readings should be measured as U-
E, V-E, and W-E.
239. Which of the following valves are designed to have valve seat in pairs - one facing the inlet side
and the other facing the outlet side within the valve body?
a) Butterfly valve
b) Ball valve
c) Globe valve
d) Gate valve
240. Which of the following is NOT a correct point for sampling of system lube oil for on board or
shore analysis?
a) Standpipes
b) Purifier outlets
c) Inlet or outlet of L. O. coolers
d) Tank drains
NOTE: Option (c) is also not correct but best option to take sample
241. All other conditions remaining constant, when centrifugal pump is changed over for pumping a
liquid of higher specific gravity, the discharge head of the pump at the rated capacity will
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Remain same
d) Can’t say, depends on other factors too
NOTE: A centrifugal pump will always develop the same head in feet regardless of a liquid’s specific gravity.
Pressure will increase or decrease in direct proportion to a liquid’s specific gravity. Brake HP required will vary
directly with a liquid’s specific gravity.
NOTE: Meaningless.
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file when two metals of different electric potential are in contact with an
electrolyte then bimetallic corrosion can occur.
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE in actual practice always NPSHA > NPSHR. A lesser cavitation problem
occurs when NPSHR by the pump is only just matched by the NPSHA from the system, because centrifugal pumps
have features which promote localized cavitation. So when NPSHR > NPSHA cavitation problem will be more.
246. Cavitation erosion occurs due to
a) Chemical action
b) Physical action
c) Chemical or physical action
d) Combination of chemical or physical action
NOTE: When pressure inside a system falls below that of the vapor pressure of the liquid, cavities are formed.
Cavities travelling to high pressure region collapse releasing considerable energy to damage the metal surface. It is
completely a physical action.
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file protection of steel by zinc is good at temperatures below 65 0c, but at higher
temperatures it is possible for the steel to corrode preferentially to the zinc.
249. If oil ingresses in the boiler feed water, what will be the effects?
NOTE: According to REEDS oil can get in to feed system sue to over lubrication of machinery and inefficient
filtering of the feed. Oils such as animal and vegetable oils can decompose in the boiler liberating their fatty acids,
these acids can cause corrosion. Hence it is advisable to use pure mineral oil for lubrication of machine parts where
contamination of feed can result, but oil of any description should never be allowed to enter the boiler as it can
adhere to the heating surfaces causing overheating. It can also cause priming due to excessive ebullition. As oil
density is less than water it will lower feed water density also.
250. Centrifugal pump dismantled, without marking how to reassemble, there are three questions but
options are not available
Answer - Look at the direction of running of motor and the curvature of impeller. Construction of
volute casing also gives an idea about the running direction of the pump.
2. If pump is multistage with opposite eye
e) Answer – Impellers should be opposite to each other. You have to find out the right placement of
the right impeller with respect to the direction of rotation or by looking at the volute casing.
Answer - Look at the direction of running of motor and the curvature of impeller. Construction of
volute casing also gives an idea about the running direction of the pump.
a) Drain
b) Escape trunk
c) Water tight door
d) All the above
NOTE: According to D A TAYLOR the forward end of the tunnel is fitted with a sliding water tight door to seal off
the tunnel if necessary. The tunnel is made of sufficient proportions to enable access for maintenance to the shafting,
and an escape route is provided from the after end. According to H J PURSEY a water tight door must be fitted at
the engine room bulkhead, to enable the tunnel to be sealed off in emergency, whilst an escape shaft must be
provided at the after end. Drainage from the tunnel is provided for by a ‘tunnel well’. This usually formed by
stopping the inner bottom plating four or five floor spaces short of the after peak bulkhead and fitting a suction in
the space thus formed.
253. When securing a centrifugal distillate pump, which of the listed steps should be carried out first?
NOTE: According to fresh water generator manual we stop the pump first and then turn off the salinity alarm.
254. Which are self-expansion condenser
a) Straight tube
b) Spring type
c) U tube
d) Open type
255. Liquid ring primer used for priming main and emergency fire pumps onboard
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE the continuous supply of sealing water is circulated from the primer
reservoir to the whirlpool casing and discharged with the air back to the reservoir. Automatic means of engagement
is provided by a clutch or float. It should be of sufficient capacity also.
256. In case of failure of control air supply, some valves continue locked in the position they were at
the time of failure. They are said to be
a) Fail safe
b) Fail proof
c) Fail set
d) Fail blocked
257. If the superheat value of a thermostatic expansion valve is set too low________
NOTE: Lower the superheat value lesser the temperature at suction side of the compressor. There is also chance of
liquid going to the suction side of the compressor.
258. Water carryover from boiler onboard through the steam causes
259. A major controlling factor in the location of the condensate return piping from a heating system
is/are
260. How is the water circulated between water and steam drums in a water tube D type boiler?
NOTE: According to GTH FLANAGAN in Foster Wheeler D- type boiler feed water entering the steam drum flows
through the down comers to the water drum to replace the water rising up through the water wall and generating
tubes, as its density decreases upon receiving heat from the hot gases, thus providing the positive circulation of
water required in all types of water tube boilers.
261. Water leaking from a pump packing gland is kept away from the bearing housing by the use of
a) Shaft sleeves
b) Lantern rings
c) Water flingers
d) Water seals
NOTE: According to RITENKER SEN and JITHIN ARANHA by supercharging the engine power will increase for
same engine dimension and piston speed. Thermal efficiency will be higher lowering the fuel consumption for the
same power. For the same power the engine can be made of more compact design, smaller size, space and weight of
engine. However according to RITENKER SEN chapter 4 question 4 page 165 for existing engine supercharging
will only increase the existing power.
264. The muffling of exhaust gas noise in 4 stroke auxiliary engines in achieved by
265. To avoid the engine running too long on critical speed during start up it is necessary to
266. Both power units of a steering gear system need to be switched on ____________
a) When the ship is within 12 nautical miles from shore
b) When pilot is on board
c) When navigational circumstances demand caution
d) All of the above
267. Dezincification of brasses may be prevented by introducing which of the following additives
during manufacturing brass?
a) 0.04% Nickel
b) 0.04% Cobalt
c) 0.04%Arsenic
d) 0.04%Tungste
NOTE: According to corrosion pdf file the only plain brass of interest is the alloy containing 70% copper, 30% zinc
and inhibited by 0.02-0.05 % arsenic against dezincification.
268. Back pressure valve in a refrigeration system with multiple chambers is fitted_____________
a) At the refrigerant exit end of evaporator of each chamber
b) At the refrigerant exit end of evaporators of chambers with higher temperature settings
c) At the refrigerant exit end of evaporators of chambers with lower temperature settings
d) None of the above
NOTE: Back pressure regulation valves can be used in the suction line, and their function is to prevent the
evaporator pressure falling below a predetermined or controlled value, although the compressor suction pressure
may be lower. It permits two or more evaporators, working at different load temperatures, to work with the same
temperatures, to work with the same compressor.
269. Frequent cutting- in & cutting -out of a fresh water pump on a hydrophore system indicates which
of the following?
a) Nothing abnormal
b) Excessive air charge
c) Insufficient air charge
d) The differential setting between cut-in and cut out is too low
NOTE: If the differential setting is too low then it is the obvious reason for cutting in cutting out of the pump. If
there is insufficient air charge then the run time of the pump will increase.
NOTE: According to IGS pdf file for inert gas systems of the flue, gas type and the inert gas generator type, audible
and visual alarms shall be provided to indicate low water pressure or low water flow rate to the flue gas scrubber,
high water level in the flue gas scrubber, high gas temperature, failure of inert gas blowers, oxygen content in excess
of 5% by volume, failure of the power supply to the automatic control system for the gas regulating valve and to the
indicating devices, low water level in water seal, gas pressure less than 100 mm water gauge. The alarm
arrangement shall be such as to ensure that the pressure in slop tanks in combination carriers can be monitored at all
times; and high gas pressure forward of the non-return devices.High oxygen content of gas in IGS main; alarms
activated at an 8% concentration.A low level water alarm, high level water alarm, or low flow pressure alarm fitted
to the deck water seal to shut down the IGS blowers automatically.
271. Engaging the turning gear and turning the engine until working temperatures are reduced
a) Blank starting air to the affected cylinder
b) Shut cylinder oil to the affected cylinder
c) Shut all cylinder liner ports of affected cylinder
d) Open relief valve of affected cylinder
272. The coating on a electrode used for electric arc welding _________________
a) Creates a gas shield to prevent oxidation of the weld material
b) Helps the weld formation by shaping the metal transfer
c) Provides an electrical insulation for the user
d) All of the above
NOTE: According to HAJRA CHOUDHURY WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY AND REEDS it helps to protect the
molten metal from the oxygen and nitrogen of the air by producing a shield of gas around the arc and weld pool.
273. A diffuser is provided at the end of a mechanical atomizer in boiler onboard (multiple answer)
a) To prevent blow back of the flame
b) To mix the air and fuel properly
c) To prevent blow out of the flame
d) To eject the excess fumes from the atomizer
274. Duty of standby person at the entrance of the enclosed compartment during enclosed space entry is
a) To alert others in case of untoward emergency
b) To provide first aid to injured person
c) To assist for the work carried out in the enclosed compartment
d) All of the above
275. Which of the following statements about the design of D- type boilers is false?
a) The heavier water in top drum flows back to the bottom drum through the down- comers outside
the furnace
b) Inside the furnace the water is heated up in the risers
c) The upper drum is the steam/water drum and the lower one is the water drum
d) The feed water is pumped into the lower drum
NOTE: According to GTH FLANAGAN the feed water is fed directly to the steam drum. So, option (d) is false.
Risers are the generating tubes in D-type boiler. Other options are correct.
276. If the watch keeping engineer encounters a main engine slow down alarm he
should____________________
a) Immediately cancel the slowdown in the control panel
b) If navigation circumstances permit, after consulting chief engineer he should tell bridge to stop
engine, investigate the fault, rectify it in consultation with senior engineers and then prepare for
restarting the engine
c) He should raise engineer's alarm and wait for all engineers to reach the engine room
d) He need not take any action and wait for the alarm to resolve on its own and then cancel the
slowdown
277. Which of the following types of coatings used in tanks of a chemical carrier provides a
comprehensive protection against most solvents?
a) Epoxy coatings
b) Polyurethane coatings
c) Zinc silicate
d) Phenolic resins
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE all of the above coatings are used in tankers of a chemical tanker. Phenolic
resins have good resistance to strong solvents and most of the substances acceptable to the other coatings.
278. Presence of catalytic fines in fuel oil is significant to engineers on board because_____________
a) Catalytic fines tend to impair proper operation of purifiers
b) Catalytic fines lead to abrasive wear in liners , piston rings and fuel injection equipment
c) Catalytic fines necessitate increase in injection temperature
d) Catalytic fines necessitate increase in storage temperature
279. A partial opening of which of the following kinds of valves can lead to wire -drawing of its seat?
a) Globe Valve
b) Butterfly valve
c) Gate Valve
d) Full bore angle valve
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE gate valve is not suitable to partially open operation since wire-drawing of
the seat will occur.
280. Which of the following types of steam traps uses the pressure energy of the steam to close the
outlet?
a) Thermostatic trap
b) Thermodynamic trap
c) Mechanical trap
d) Vacuum trap
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE thermodynamic type of trap uses the pressure energy of the steam to close
the valve which consists of a simple metal disc.
281. Sequential starting of machineries after black out in engine room is necessary
a) To prevent overload of Generators
b) To quickly restore the failed power supply in order
c) To prevent damage to machinery which has been switched off
d) All of the above
282. Positive displacement, helical gear pumps are well suited for pumping oil because
a) Stuffing boxes eliminate the leakage problems usually associated with other gear pumps
b) It is not necessary to closely maintain design clearances this pump
c) They are essentially self-priming and produce a high suction lift
d) These pumps are designed with extreme tooth angles
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE these pumps are used at sea specially for pumping high viscosity liquids
such as oil and some liquid cargoes. Being self priming and able to pump liquid and vapour without loss of suction
they are particularly useful when draining tanks of high vapour pressure liquids.
283. Scale formation in a fresh water generator evaporator can lead to ____________________
a) Impaired heat transfer
b) Reduced capacity
c) Increased shell temperature
d) All of the above
284. Salinity of distilled water produced from fresh water generator onboard depends on
a) Amount of feed set in fresh water production
b) Amount of salt water leaking from condenser if any
c) Temperature of the sea water used
d) Efficiency of brine ejector from the evaporator shell
285. Prior to major overhaul of main engine onboard, the engine room crane is tested by
a) Operating the crane through the normal range
b) Testing of the crane with two sample ???abnormal??? conditions
c) Inspection of the crane hook and other safety arrangements
d) Stress testing of crane wire with peak loads
286. A high pressure differential in a main engine fuel oil filter onboard can be best reduced by
a) Back flushing the filter manually
b) Stopping the main engine to change the filter element
c) Changing over to stand by filter if provided
d) None of the Above
287. When there is excessive ingress of water in the engine room onboard causing dangerous levels of
bilge water
a) Start oily water separator and pump overboard
b) Start General service pump and pump bilges overboard
c) Use bilge injection valve and pump bilges overboard
d) None of the above
288. The by-products of oxidation, as a result of water contamination of hydraulic oil, are generally
a) Removed by cellulose type filters
b) Gums, varnishes, and acids
c) Always neutralized by oil additives
d) Harmless and have no effect on system components
289. Short cycling of a fridge compressor can occur in which of the following cases?
a) Air ingress into the system
b) A leaking solenoid valve
c) High cooling water temperature going to the condenser
d) Excessive refrigerant charge
290. A ballast pump is use to de ballast a fore peak tank which is full. It is seen that suction pressure is
positive and discharge pressure is very low compared to rated discharge head. It indicates that (single
answer)
291. Which of the following valves is liable to open or close under influence of fluid pressure if not
locked in position (single answer)
a) Gate valve
b) Globe valve
c) Plug valve
d) Butterfly valve
292. An engine room should be _________ for better performance of turbochargers (single answer)
293. Impingement corrosion can be best avoided during pipeline system design by (single answer)
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE to avoid the impingement attack, care must be taken with the water velocity
through tubes. For aluminum brass, the upper limit is about 2.5 m/s.
295. Last month you found one globe valve with a stuck spindle, the valve was stuck in crack open
position. You had removed the valve and replaced it with a spare one. Today you have found that spindle of
one butterfly valve is stuck with valve about half open position. What are you likely to do? (Choose the
best alternative)
a) Remove the butterfly valve from flanges in the pipeline and replace the entire valve
b) It is not possible to remove a butterfly valve stuck in open position. Either the spindle has to be
freed somehow or the pipe section on one side has to be removed to create a gap to remove the
open valve
c) There is no need to remove the valve from pipeline and it can be overhauled in place
d) You will hammer the valve body and the spindle using a hammer to free the spindle before trying
to remove the valve from pipeline
296. An inverted gate valve (stem pointing downward) may be subject to wear sooner than a similar
valve installed in the upright position because ______________
304. When specified Discharge pressure is not achieved, the possible cause could be
a) Discharge pressure too high
b) Pu
c) mp speed too low
d) Casing ring is worn out
e) Cavitations exists
f) All of the above
NOTE: According to pumps manual for insufficient discharge the causes could be air leakage, speed too low, discharge
head too high, suction lift too high, suction pipe end not sufficiently submerged, suction strainer and suction line
clogged, impeller clogged, wrong direction of rotation, clearance between impeller and mouth ring, due to wear down,
cavitation due to high liquid temperature.
305. You must have worked with mooring winch and windlass hydraulic systems. The cooling of
hydraulic oil for the above system on large merchant ships is provided by
NOTE: According to JITHIN GEORGE oil cooling is provided by conventional sea water circulated tube type heat
exchangers.
a) Sheradising
b) Aluminizing
c) Graphitization
d) Calorising
307. Turbocharger running, what washing not to be done?
314. In old ships we used to carry ballast water in same tank as for carrying cargo. If the water is
having same density as of the cargo oil then the current for motor of ballast pump will
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Same
d) Motor current does not depends upon the density of the fluid to pump
315. While overhauling double impeller how will you assemble?
a) Hit and trial method
b) It does not effect because impeller of same
c) Assemble the pump than see the pressure if it is not coming than change it
d) Impeller should be assemble by checking the direction of rotation and volute casing
316. How the discharge rate of oil to shore is calculated?
a) Pump characteristics
b) Shore line characteristics
c) Pump characteristics and shore line characteristics
d) Port inspector tells the discharge rate
317. Pump is not discharging what is the most possible cause?
a) Water seal pipe is plugged
b) Pump is not primed
c) Casing ring is improper
d) Any of the above
318. You are transferring oil from forward deep well. Sounding is 5m and heating is set to 45 deg.
Pump is put on auto-stop. Last time oil was transferred without any problem. But this time pump is running
double the time but still running. What could be possible cause?
a) Pump filter clogged
b) Viscosity is high, so temperature need to be increased
c) Suction head is very less
319. Which valves is not bi directional flow?
a) Gate v/v
b) Globe v/v
c) Butterfly v/v
d) Ball v/v
320. Process of enrichment of surface of steel and steel alloys by zinc using electroplating is known as
a) Cathodisation
b) Galvanization
c) Neutralization
d) Dezincification
335. You have valves of same bore diameter but of different types. Which of the following is arranged
in the decreasing order closing torque required for giving a perfect seal?
a) Globe valve, Ball valve, Butterfly valve(rubber seat)
b) Ball valve, Globe valve, Butterfly valve(rubber seat)
c) Butterfly valve(rubber seat), Globe valve, Ball valve
d) Globe valve, Butterfly valve(rubber seat), Ball Valve
336. Which of the following conditions can cause above normal air temperature to develop in the intake
manifold of a four stroke cycle, turbocharged, diesel engine?
a) Clogged air intake filters
b) Piston blow by
c) A defective after cooler
d) Faulty exhaust valves
337. Which of the following is an important factor in hydrodynamic lubrication?
a) Viscosity of the lubricating oil
b) Relative speed between lubricated surfaces
c) Bearing clearance
d) All of the above
338. The purpose of down comers in a water tube boiler is
a) To allow the steam to rise to the steam drum
b) To allow cold water to sink to the bottom
c) To protect the fire wall tubes
d) They are one type of generating tubes
339. Which of the following reduce fatigue endurance limit in engine components?
a) Surface flaws
b) Stress raisers like oil holes, change in sections etc
c) Corrosive environment
d) All of the above
340. High pressure cut out in refrigeration system is activated when
a) Low cooling in condenser
b) Air in the system
c) Over charge
d) None of the above
341. Ship is in dry dock, stern tube seal renewal has been carried out, how will you check for leak?
a) Fill the system with oil to maximum level in header tank
b) Fill the system with oil to just fill stern tube
c) Fill the aft seal and forward seal tank to the deepest draught
d) Refloat vessel to check for any leak
342. When G.S. centrifugal pump shows zero discharge and negative suction
a) Discharge valve closed
b) Suction strainer clogged
c) Clearance in impeller
343. Why centrifugal pump is not provided with safety valve while positive displacement pump is
provided with?
a) Centrifugal pump shut down head is 0
b) Centrifugal pump shut down head is infinity
c) Centrifugal pump is so designed that it can withstand high pressure
344. Butterfly valve stuck in half open position. How to repair? (multiple answer)
a) Can’t be taken out in open position from line, so try to close valve any how
b) Apply hammer to shut it
c) Remove pipeline and do overhaul
d) Cannot be repaired onboard
345. Which of the following statements about pipe repairs is true?
a) A very small hole in a pipe does not necessitate permanent repair by way of renewal of section
b) Welded doublers are acceptable as permanent repairs
c) Permanent repairs can only be done by using classification society approved material
d) None of the above
346. M/E F.O. heater steam control valve set on viscosity control mode, when you start using F.O.with
different viscosity
a) Change setting viscosity index
b) Temperature controller
c) No change in viscosity and viscosity will automatically controlled
d) We have to change the mode manually
347. SDNR valve is the term used for which of the following type of valves?
a) Standard Dimension Non-Rusting Valve
b) Screw Down Non-Return Valve
c) Small Diameter Negative-Range Valve
d) Stainless Disc Non-Rusting Valve
348. Which of the following valve types is available with non-return arrangement?
a) Gate Valve
b) Globe Valve
c) Ball Valve
d) Butterfly Valve
349. In a centrifugal pump discharge must be in the direction as that of
a) Direction of vane curvature from eye to impeller
b) Direction of vane curvature from impeller to eye
c) Depends on shape of volute casing
d) None of the above
350. A simultaneous rise in stern tube forward seal tank and drop in level of header tank
indicates_________________
a) Aft seal ring of forward seal assembly damaged or sealing disturbed by foreign object
b) Forward seal ring of forward seal assembly damaged or
sealing disturbed by foreign object
c) Either of the above
d) None of the above
351. Throttling the discharge valve of a centrifugal pump the NPSHR
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) NPSHR remains constant depending on pump design and only NPSHA changes
d) Both the NPSHR & NPSHA will remain unaffected by throttling of discharge valve
NOTE: NPSH increases when velocity of flow reduces (NPSH = Suction Head – losses – vapour pressure), Losses α
vel. of flow2.NPSHA will increase.
352. Centrifugal pump recently overhauled, connections were wrongly given by interchanging the
terminals. Now the pump is rotating in opposite direction. What will happen? (single answer)
a) Suction pressure will be above the normal
b) No effect
c) Flow will be reversed
d) Pump suction and discharge pressure/head will be affected
353. When de ballasting ballast pump suction filter was clogged. The pump will show (single answer)
a) Positive suction pressure
b) Nothing
c) High negative suction pressure
d) Positive suction pressure and positive discharge pressure
354. Diffusion coating on metal surface is done to prevent them against corrosion. What is the best
advantage over other metal coating method? (single answer)
ANS: The essential difference between diffusion coatings and the other metal coatings are that this coating consists
essentially of an alloy of the coating metal and the base metal which has been coated. The great advantage of the
process is that the diffusion coating results in little dimensional change on the base component size and,
consequently, it can be applied to components subjected to fairly tight tolerances.
355. What is the metal composition of gunmetal? (single answer)
a) Copper and zinc
b) Copper and tin
c) Copper, tin and zinc with a little lead
d) Copper, zinc and antimony/arsenic
356. F.O. heater to be open, before opening it you will _____ the heater by opening _______ to
_______ it (single answer)
ANS: purge, vent valve, depressurize
357. Which valve is use to moderate/regulate flow (single answer)
a) Globe valve
b) Gate valve
c) Swing check valve
d) Relief valve
358. Moisture in refrigeration system will cause (single answer)
a) Faulty thermostatic expansion valve
b) Discharge temperature high/low
c) Suction temperature high/low
d) Evaporator pressure low/high
359. F.O. heater to be opened up. You opened the vent valve two or three drops of oil came out, but the
pressure gauge is showing 8 bars. Then you open drain valve still no oil is coming out and the pressure is
not falling down. What will you do to open the heater? (single answer)
a) Don’t open, clear the vent/drain valve first then depressurize and check the valves are holding
b) You don’t care because you have done everything. You will open the heater no matter what
happened
c) Leave it to cool down and then open because the chances of fire hazard with cold oil is less when
you open it
d) Leave it for sometime then the pressure will automatically come down
360. Which valve doesn’t turn quarterly to open? (single answer)
a) Gate valve
b) Ball valve
c) Butterfly valve
d) Plug valve
361. Why flinger ring is provided? (single answer)
a) To prevent leakage of grease from the bearings
b) To prevent leakage from the gland
c) To prevent leakage of water from the pump packing gland to the bearing housing
362. Purifier is rotating slower than rated rpm. What is the most probable cause? (single answer)
a) Frequency low
b) Bus bar voltage low
c) Friction pads worn out
d) High temperature
363. To know weldability of steels what is the best criteria? (single answer)
a) Carbon percentage
b) Carbon equivalent
c) Welding type
d) Welding electrode type
364. You know carbon equivalent is the best way to determine weldability of steels. It is denoted by
CE. Excellent weldability comes under which CE? (single answer)
a) < = 0.3
b) 0.4 - 0.6
c) 0.6 – 0.7
d) 0.7 – 2
365. Use of polymers is limited to LP boilers. What is the most probable reason? (single answer)
a) Does not help in prevention of scale formation
b) Does not help in corrosion prevention
c) Use limited to LP boiler as no PO4 present to prevent caustic alkalinity
d)All of the above
NOTE: Polymer is a giant molecular built up by stringing together simple molecules, E.G.
Polymer treatment prevents scale formation and minimizes sludge formation. It can also loosen scale so established
boilers introduced to this form of treatment may develop leaks where previously plugged with scale, especially in
way of expanded joints. Also can absorb trace oil. Use limited to LP boiler as no PO4 present to prevent caustic
alkalinity for auxiliary boiler. This is a superior form of treatment to the old alkaline and phosphate treatment. The
correct level of alkalinity must be maintained as too low a level neutralizes the electric charge of the poly-
electrolyte. Too high causes caustic alkalinity.
366. Which of the refrigerants listed is considered safe and ideal for most marine applications?
a) R-21
b) Ammonia
c) R-12
d) Sulfur dioxide
367. In reference to air conditioning, when air attains the maximum amount of moisture it can hold at a
specific temperature, it is said to be
a) Superheated
b) Saturated
c) Condensed
d) Convected
368. Which of the following terms represents the form of heat removed from the refrigerant in the
condenser of a refrigeration system?
a) Latent heat of vaporization
b) Heat of compression
c) Superheat
d) All of the above
369. The temperature at which water vapor in the atmosphere begins to condense is called the
a) Dew point temperature
b) Condensation temperature
c) Psychometric temperature
d) Absolute humidity temperature
NOTE: The dew point is the temperature below which the water vapor in a volume of humid air at a given constant
barometric pressure will condense into liquid water at the same rate at which it evaporates. Condensed water is
called dew when it forms on a solid surface.
370. In a refrigeration system, the refrigerant absorbs the latent heat of vaporization in the
a) Compressor
b) Condenser
c) Receiver
d) Evaporator
371. The only means of removing the latent heat of condensation from refrigerant in the normal
refrigeration cycle is by
a) Passing it through the expansion valve
b) Condensing refrigerant in the system condenser
c) Passing the gaseous refrigerant through the heat interchanger on the suction side of the compressor
d) Maintaining a high pressure on the system's receiver
372. The heat required to change a substance from a solid to a liquid while at its freezing temperature,
is known as the latent heat of
a) Fusion
b) Vaporization
c) Condensation
d) Sublimation
373. The heat required to change a substance from a solid to a gas without experiencing a temperature
change, is defined as the latent heat of
a) Fusion
b) Vaporization
c) Sublimation
d) Condensation
374. Heat which brings about a change in the physical state of a substance without a change in
temperature, is called
a) Specific heat
b) Sensible heat
c) Latent heat
d) Ambient heat
375. Latent heat can be defined as the heat which must be added to a substance in order to change it
from a
a) Solid to liquid
b) Liquid to vapor
c) Solid to vapor
d) All of the above
376. Personnel working with refrigeration systems, and subject to the exposure of refrigerants should
wear
a) face shield
b) a respirator
c) rubber gloves
d) an all-purpose gas mask
377. The amount of moisture in a given sample of air, when compared with the amount of moisture the
air could hold if totally saturated at the existing temperature of the sample, is called
a) Absolute humidity
b) Specific humidity
c) Effective humidity
d) Relative humidity
378. The ratio of the weight of moisture contained in a given volume of air, to the weight of moisture
that the same sample would hold if saturated, is called the
a) Absolute humidity
b) Relative humidity
c) Specific humidity
d) Total humidity
379. The moisture sensitive element of a humidistat can be made of
a) Hair
b) Copper
c) Plastic
d) Steel
380. When handling contaminated oil from a hermetically sealed refrigeration compressor unit that has
burned out its motor, you should
a) Store the oil in a clean refrigerant drum
b) Use rubber gloves
c) Circulate the oil through a filter drier
d) Remove the oil with a portable charging cylinder
381. When replacing ball bearings on an electric motor shaft, you should
a) Tap the outer race with a mallet
b) Apply even pressure to the outer race
c) Apply even force to the inner race
d) Apply pressure evenly to both the inner and outer races
382. People familiar with ammonia refrigeration systems become accustomed to its odor and may
forget that the vapors
a) In a low concentration can cause death
b) Will dissolve in perspiration and cause caustic burns
c) Will burn or explode
d) All of the above
383. Ammonia when used as a refrigerant is valuable because of its high efficiency, it is however
a) Toxic
b) Flammable
c) Explosive
d) All of the above
384. When subjected to high heat from an open flame, or an electric heating element, which of the
listed refrigerants will break down and produce phosgene gas?
a) CO2
b) Methyl chloride
c) R-22
d) Sulfur dioxide
385. When the relief valve opens it discharges high pressure refrigerant vapor to the
a) Liquid strainer
b) Refrigerant inlet of the condenser
c) Inlet side of the evaporator
d) Suction side of the compressor
386. In the presence of an open flame or hot surfaces, chlorinated fluorocarbon refrigerants decomposes
and form
a) Petroleum crystals
b) Phosgene gas
c) Water vapor
d) Carbon monoxide
387. R-12 is generally considered to be a safe, nontoxic, nonflammable, and no explosive refrigerant. It
can, however, become highly toxic when
a) Superheated outside the system
b) In contact with an open flame
c) Heated to the boiling point
d) All of the above
388. A refrigeration system contaminated with moisture can be affected by
a) Acid formation
b) Sludge formation
c) Ice in the expansion valve
d) All of the above
389. Some chlorinated fluorocarbon refrigerants may decompose into a toxic irritating gas if it is
a) Stored at temperatures below 100C
b) Charged into a system having copper fittings
c) Allowed to mix with compressor oil
d) Exposed to an open flame or hot surfaces
390. For the proper control of the air temperature in an air conditioning system using chilled water
circulation, which of the listed conditions should remain constant regardless of load changes?
a) Chilled water system supply temperature
b) Chilled water system return temperature
c) Compressor discharge temperature
d) Compressor suction pressure
391. In a direct expansion type multi-box refrigeration system, the compressor is set up to cycle on and
off by the
a) Pressure stat
b) High pressure cut out
c) Solenoid valve
d) Low pressure cut out switch
392. Saltwater is typically provided to a refrigeration system to
a) Cool the expansion valve
b) Prevent refrigerant superheating
c) Condense the refrigerant gas
d) Prevent motor overheating
393. In a direct expansion type cargo refrigeration system, a box is normally changed from chill to
freeze by adjusting the
a) Hand expansion valve
b) Compressor suction valve
c) Solenoid bypass
d) Back pressure regulating valve
394. A pressure drop in the liquid line of a refrigeration system may cause
a) The solenoid valve to seize
b) The compressor to hunt
c) Flash gas to form in the liquid line
d) The expansion valve to freeze open
395. Moisture is removed from a refrigeration system by
a) Bleeding refrigerant from the condenser
b) Opening a drain petcock on the oil separator
c) Condensing the water in the heat exchanger
d) Using a dehydrator cartridge
396. Moisture in the refrigerant may
a) Freeze on the expansion valve seat and reduce the flow of liquid refrigerant
b) Emulsify the oil in the condenser
c) Freeze in the king valve
d) Clog the oil trap
397. Moisture entering a typical refrigeration system will most likely
a) Boil in the condenser
b) Be removed by the liquid line strainers
c) Cause sweating and frost on the evaporator coils
d) Freeze in the expansion valve
398. Moisture in a refrigeration system can cause
a) Freezing the expansion valve closed
b) Corrosion of system piping
c) Improper temperature regulation
d) All of the above
399. Which of the problems listed could be indicated if a sight glass in the refrigerant liquid line is full
of bubbles?
a) Proper refrigerant charge
b) Faulty expansion valve
c) Insufficient refrigerant
d) Solenoid valve stuck open
400. Some refrigeration systems have chemical moisture indicators installed in conjunction with the
sight glass in the liquid line. If excess moisture is present in the system, the indicator will
a) Activate the driers
b) Change color
c) Secure the compressor
d) Add the predetermined amount of liquid drier
401. A liquid indicator sight glass is useful in determining whether or not a refrigeration system is
sufficiently charged. It is generally located in the
a) High pressure liquid line
b) Low pressure liquid line
c) High pressure vapor line
d) Low pressure vapor line
402. If a liquid sight flow indicator in a refrigeration system shows gas bubbles in motion passing
inside of the glass, there is
a) Too much refrigerant in the system
b) Oil entrained in the refrigerant
c) Less than a full charge of refrigerant in the system
d) Ice crystals forming in the refrigerants
403. A sight glass is installed in the liquid line to indicate the condition of the refrigerant charge and
may also indicate the
a) Condition of the expansion valve
b) Moisture in the system
c) Condition of the compressor suction valves
d) Condenser temperature
404. In an operating refrigeration system low on refrigerant, a liquid line sight glass will
a) Be clear
b) Be blue
c) Be light green
d) Show bubbles
405. If the refrigeration compressor crankcase is sweating, the cause may be due to
a) A shortage of refrigerant
b) The compressor running continuously
c) Liquid refrigerant returning to the compressor
d) The compressor short cycling on the high pressure cutout
406. If the suction line between the evaporator and compressor is frosting up, the cause may be due to
the thermal expansion valve
a) Thermal bulb coming loose from the suction line
b) Needle valve is stuck closed
c) Thermal bulb is in a cold air stream
d) All of the above
407. If a refrigerating compressor crankcase is sweating, the trouble could be caused by
a) Excessive superheat
b) A minor amount of air in the system
c) Normal oil circulation with the refrigerant
d) The expansion valve being stuck in the open position
408. Frosting or sweating of the suction line of a reciprocating refrigeration compressor indicates a
condition which could result in severe damage due to
a) Minor amount of oil in the refrigerant
b) Liquid slugging
c) Insufficient refrigerant
d) A failed heat interchanger
409. A refrigeration system compressor crankcase is sweating or unusually cold. This is an indication
of
a) A shortage of refrigerant in the system
b) Air in the system
c) An accumulation of liquid refrigerant in the crankcase
d) A shortage of oil in the crankcase
410. Refrigeration system compressor crankcase sweating is an indication of
a) Insufficient lube oil circulating through the system
b) Excessive circulation of lube oil through the system
c) Insufficient refrigerant in the system
d) An overworked compressor
411. Sweating of the refrigeration system compressor crankcase is caused by
a) Too much superheat
b) Insufficient superheat
c) Suction pressure too low
d) Excessive refrigerant returning to the compressor
412. Crankcase sweating in a refrigeration system is caused by
a) A stuck solenoid valve
b) A shortage of refrigerant
c) Too much oil in circulation
d) Too much superheat
413. Properties of good refrigeration oil include
a) Low wax content
b) High pour point
c) High viscosity
d) All of the above
414. Oil separators installed in refrigeration systems serve to
a) Remove excess oil from the system
b) Remove oil entrained in high pressure liquid line
c) Return oil entrained in refrigerant vapor back to the compressor crankcase
d) All of the above
415. An oil separator is a device used to remove oil from the
a) Liquid refrigerant
b) Receiver
c) Gaseous refrigerant
d) Expansion valve
416. The oil separator (trap) used in a shipboard refrigeration system is located between the
a) Compressor discharge valve and the condenser
b) Condenser and the receiver
c) Receiver and the king valve
d) Receiver and the expansion valve
417. The purpose of the refrigeration system low pressure cutout switch is to
a) Protect the compressor from liquid flood back
b) Protect the compressor from low discharge pressure
c) Start and stop the compressor upon system demand
d) Start the compressor after a drop in the evaporator pressure
418. The purpose of the low pressure cutout switch is to
a) Maintain liquid refrigerant at the suction of the compressor
b) Maintain a preset suction pressure to the compressor
c) Start and stop the compressor at preset operating pressures
d) Operate at minimum efficiency
419. The sensing line for the low pressure cutout switch to a refrigeration system is located
a) In the chill box
b) Before the receiver
c) On the suction side of the compressor
d) On the discharge side of the compressor
420. The refrigeration system low pressure cutout switch is actuated by
a) An electric system manager
b) A sensing bulb at the tail coil of the evaporator
c) Pressure changes in the suction line
d) Failure of the king solenoid valve
421. When you adjust thermostatic expansion valve
a) Refrigerant must be bled off the sensing line before adjustments are made
b) All refrigerant must be pumped into the receiver before adjustments are made
c) Time must be allowed for conditions to stabilize in the evaporator before further adjustments are
made
d) All refrigerant must be routed through the dehydrator while changing the superheat setting
422. The cylinder unloading mechanism used on low pressure air compressors is an example of which
mode control?
a) Two positions
b) Derivative
c) Integral
d) Single speed floating
423. Which of the following is the primary operational difference between a huddling chamber safety
valve and a nozzle reaction safety valve?
a) Adjustment of lifting pressure
b) Valve relieving capacities
c) Principle in accomplishing blow down
d) Initial valve opening cause by steam pressure
e)