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A1083

Directive Issue: C

Qualification and Approval/Certification


of Personnel for Non-Destructive Testing
<SUMMARY_BEGIN>SUMMARY :

PURPOSE:

This Directive defines the minimum requirements for the qualification and approval of personnel involved in
Non-Destructive Testing (NDT).
This Directive constitutes a company "Written Practice" as defined in NAS 410 & EN 4179 "Qualification
and Approval of Personnel for Non Destructive Testing".

SCOPE:

These requirements include training, experience and examinations for personnel performing NDT for and
behalf of Airbus.

<SUMMARY_END>

Owner's Approval: Authorization:

Name: GRIFFITHS Ian Name: ALBIAC MURILLO Pilar


Function: Head of Prod Quality System & Function: Head of Quality - Q
Approvals - QYA

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................5
2 Applicability........................................................................................................................6
2.1 Implementation ..................................................................................................................6
2.2 Methods/Techniques .........................................................................................................6
2.3 Responsible Level 3 ..........................................................................................................7
2.4 Outside Agency .................................................................................................................7
3 Definitions ..........................................................................................................................8
3.1 Approval ............................................................................................................................8
3.2 Certification (Third Party) ...................................................................................................8
3.3 Certification Body...............................................................................................................8
3.4 Direct Readout Instrument .................................................................................................8
3.5 Item ...................................................................................................................................8
3.6 Nominated Level 3 (Airbus UK)..........................................................................................8
3.7 Responsible Level 3 (Airbus Operations GmbH) ................................................................9
3.8 Responsible Level 3 (Airbus Operations S.A.S. France) ....................................................9
3.9 Responsible Level 3 (Airbus Operations S.L. Spain) ........................................................10
4 Requirements for Levels of Qualification and Approval ....................................................11
4.1 Levels of Qualification......................................................................................................11
4.2 Requirements for Qualification .........................................................................................11
4.2.1 Trainee ...................................................................................................................11
4.3 NDT Level 1 "Limited" ......................................................................................................11
4.4 NDT Level 1.....................................................................................................................12
4.5 NDT Level 2.....................................................................................................................12
4.6 NDT Level 3.....................................................................................................................13
4.7 Instructors ........................................................................................................................13
4.8 Auditors ...........................................................................................................................13
5 Education Training and Experience Requirements for Initial Qualification ........................15
5.1 NDT Levels 1 and 2 .........................................................................................................15
5.2 Training Programmes ......................................................................................................15
5.3 Qualification Examinations...............................................................................................16
5.4 Visual Acuity Examination - All Levels .............................................................................16
5.4.1 Near Vision Acuity ..................................................................................................16
5.4.2 Colour Contrast Differentiation ................................................................................16
5.5 Route to Qualification for Level 1 and 2 ...........................................................................17

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5.5.1 General Examination (Written) Levels 1 and 2 ........................................................17


5.5.2 Specific Examination (Written) Levels 1 and 2 ........................................................17
5.5.3 Practical Examination Level 1 .................................................................................17
5.5.4 Practical Examination Level 2 .................................................................................18
5.6 Route to Qualification for Level 3 (Also See 3.6 [Requirements for NL3 UK]) ..................18
5.6.1 General Examination (Written) Level 3 ...................................................................18
5.6.2 Specific Examination Level 3 ..................................................................................19
5.6.3 Practical Examination Level 3 .................................................................................19
5.6.4 Experience Times Level 3 ......................................................................................19
5.7 Administration of Examinations ........................................................................................20
5.8 Administration by an Outside Agency ..............................................................................20
5.9 Grading of Examinations..................................................................................................20
5.9.1 Re-Examination ......................................................................................................21
5.10 Approval ..........................................................................................................................21
5.10.1 Approval of a Responsible Level 3..........................................................................21
5.10.2 Approval of Level 1 Limited, Levels 1, 2 & 3 Personnel ..........................................21
5.11 Records ...........................................................................................................................21
6 Re-Approval of Personnel ................................................................................................23
6.1 Re-Approval of Level 1 "Limited", Level 1 and Level 2 Personnel ....................................23
6.2 Re-Approval of Level 3 Personnel ...................................................................................23
6.2.1 Level 3 ....................................................................................................................23
6.2.2 Nominated Level 3 (Airbus UK) ..............................................................................23
7 Loss & Re-Instatement of Approval .................................................................................24
7.1 Loss of Approval ..............................................................................................................24
7.2 Re-Instatement of Approval .............................................................................................24
8 Reference Documents .....................................................................................................25
9 Glossary ..........................................................................................................................25
Appendix A. NDT Qualification - Initial Training Hours and Experience ......................................26
Appendix B. NDT Syllabi ............................................................................................................28
Appendix C. Credit System for Re-Approval of Level 3 NDT Personnel ...................................40
Appendix D. Requirements on a "Written Practice" of Suppliers and Subcontractors of
Airbus…...........................................................................................................................42
D.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................42
D.1.1 General Objective ...................................................................................................42
D.1.2 Outside Agency ......................................................................................................42

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D.2 Requirements with Respect to Applicability .....................................................................42


D.2.1 General Requirements with Respect to Applicability ...............................................42
D.2.2 Requirements with Respect to Implementation .......................................................43
D.2.3 Requirements with Respect to Methods..................................................................43
D.2.4 Requirements with Respect to Techniques .............................................................43
D.2.5 Requirements with Respect to Responsibility for Compliance.................................43
D.3 Requirements with Respect to Definitions........................................................................43
D.4 Requirements with Respect to Additional Education, Training and Experience
Requirements ..................................................................................................................44
D.4.1 Requirements with Respect to the Training Syllabus ..............................................44
D.4.2 Requirements with Respect to NDT Level 1 and Level 1 Limited ............................44
D.4.3 Requirements with Respect to NDT Examiners ......................................................44
D.4.4 Requirements with Respect to the Route to Qualification to Level 3 .......................44
D.4.5 Requirements with Respect to Approval .................................................................45
D.4.5.1 General Requirements with Respect to Approval....................................................45
D.4.5.2 Requirements with Respect to Approval of Responsible Level 3 Personnel............45
D.4.5.3 Requirements with Respect to Approval of Level 1 Limited and Levels 1, 2 and
3 Personnel ............................................................................................................45
D.5 Requirements with Respect to Records ...........................................................................46
D.6 Requirements with Respect to the Record Table .............................................................46
Appendix E. Test of Visual Acuity According to A1083 ...............................................................47
Appendix F. Application for Agreement of Supplier's Responsible Level 3..................................48
Contributors...................................................................................................................................49
Record of Revisions ......................................................................................................................49

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1 Introduction
This Directive describes:
− the policy and establishes the framework for the control and administration of NDT
training, qualification, examination and approval of personnel engaged in NDT,
− the responsibilities for each level of approval in determining the acceptability of
materials or items in accordance with the applicable codes, standards, specifications
and procedures,
− a scheme that meets the requirements of Airbus, the requirements of the National
Airworthiness Authorities NAS 410 & EN 4179.

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2 Applicability
The intention of this Directive to standardise the training and approval of NDT personnel
throughout Airbus where NDT is required.

Note: With respect to Suppliers and Subcontractors of Airbus, Appendix D specifies the
requirements on their "Written Practice".

This Directive applies to:


− all Airbus personnel conducting NDT to test and/or accept materials, products,
components, assemblies or sub-assemblies (items),
− those individuals directly responsible for the technical adequacy of the NDT methods
used, as well as personnel performing external NDT technical audits or providing
NDT training for and on behalf of Airbus.
This Directive is not intended to apply to:
− individuals who only have administrative authority over the personnel identified above,
− research personnel developing technology for subsequent approval by a Level 3
qualified and approved in accordance with this procedure,
− individuals who perform measurements on the production line with direct readout
instruments.

2.1 Implementation
This Directive is based on the latest edition of NAS 410 and the equivalent version of
EN 4179 which merges the NDT approval requirements of NAS 410 and EN 4179.

2.2 Methods/Techniques
The main NDT methods covered by this Directive are:
− Liquid Penetrant Inspection (PT)
Fluorescent - Post Emulsified, Pre Emulsified (Water Washable), Solvent Removable
− Magnetic Particle Inspection (MT)
Fluorescent - Continuous Wet, Residual
− Radiographic Testing (RT)
Conventional & Filmless Radiography
− Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
Contact, Immersion & Bond Testing
− Eddy Current Testing (ET)
High & Low Frequency - Phase & Impedance - Rotary & Surface, Conductivity
− Thermography Testing (IRT)
Transient Thermography, Lockin Thermography

This list is not exhaustive. Other methods may be added when the certification rules have
been formulated.

Note: For Airbus France the Methods & Techniques in CCA PP 94 001 (French NANDTB)
apply.

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2.3 Responsible Level 3


As required by NAS410/EN4179, the employer shall identify in writing a "Responsible Level 3"
to act on its behalf in matters regarding the NDT qualification and certification process.

The Responsible Level 3 shall be certified in accordance with this standard as a Level 3 in one
or more NDT methods and shall have a thorough knowledge of the written instructions, codes,
specifications and standards used by the employer.

He/she shall also have a thorough knowledge of the materials, components, product
technologies, NDT methods and NDT techniques used by the employer.

The Responsible Level 3 may be an outside agency but in this case he/she can only qualify
personnel, as only the employer can certify personnel.

The Responsible Level 3 or the NANDTB (when used) shall ensure that NDT training
programmes and associated examination procedures meet the requirements of this procedure.

He/she shall also ensure that personnel conducting NDT:


− Maintain a suitable level of competence. This is to be recorded and reviewed
periodically,
− Have been trained, examined and/or approved as being of a level of competence
adequate for the task(s) upon which they are engaged (i.e. are suitably qualified in
accordance with clause 4) or are working under the supervision of suitably qualified
personnel while receiving training.
A Responsible Level 3 shall be nominated (in writing) in accordance with § 5.10.1 in each legal
Airbus entity as described hereafter, as a minimum.

A legal Airbus entity may nominate (in writing) several Responsible Levels 3 depending on its
own organization.

2.4 Outside Agency


Satisfaction of the requirements of this Procedure may be achieved with the assistance of an
Outside Agency, who have been reviewed by Airbus and are deemed acceptable to provide
such services.

The NDT Instructors/Examiners shall have full knowledge of the Written Instructions, codes,
specifications and standards utilised by Airbus.
− The individual shall also be knowledgeable in the materials, components and product
technology and techniques utilised by Airbus.

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3 Definitions
(See NAS 410/EN 4179 for a list of common definitions not listed below).

3.1 Approval
A written statement from the employer that an individual has met the applicable requirements
of this procedure and includes authorisation to perform certain methods.

3.2 Certification (Third Party)


Procedure used to demonstrate the qualification of NDT personnel in a method, level and
sector and leading to the issue of a certificate. Certification does not include operating
authorisation.

3.3 Certification Body


Body that administers procedures for certification of NDT personnel according to the
requirements of this procedure and which fulfils the requirements of EN ISO/CEI 17024. If a
certification body is used, it shall be coordinated by the NANDTB where one exists or agreed
by Airbus.

3.4 Direct Readout Instrument


Instruments that physically display measurements in dimensional or electrical units (e.g.
inches, millimeters or % IACS, etc.) either as digital readout or an analog display, such as a
scale pointer configuration and do not require special skills or knowledge to set up the
instrument and do not involve adjusting signal displays such as gates, delays, gain or phase to
obtain measurements. For example, common direct readout instruments include basic
ultrasonic thickness gauges without an oscilloscope display and eddy current coating
thickness gauges.

3.5 Item
Item is used to include a part, sub-assembly, assembly, constituent assembly, component or
piece of equipment.

3.6 Nominated Level 3 (Airbus UK)


This role is specific to Airbus UK and is mandated by CAP 747 GR23.

An independently centrally certified Level 3 who has been appointed as being technically
responsible for the NDT training, approval and the airworthiness aspects of the NDT work
undertaken and whose appointment has been agreed by the CAA.

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When the Nominated Level 3 is not qualified in all NDT methods used by the Organisation,
those methods shall be covered by additional centrally certified personnel.

The Nominated Level 3 fulfills the same role and duties as a "Responsible Level 3" except that
the Nominated Level 3 shall be Independently Centrally Certified as defined in CAP 747
GR23).

The Nominated Level 3 may delegate specific training and/or qualification to other Level 3
personnel.

3.7 Responsible Level 3 (Airbus Operations GmbH)


"Responsible Level 3" as defined in § 2.3.

A certified Level 3 who has been appointed as being technically responsible for the NDT
training and the airworthiness aspects of the NDT work undertaken within Airbus Operations
GmbH.

When the Responsible Level 3 is not qualified in all NDT methods used by the organisation,
those methods shall be covered by additional certified personnel Level 3.

The Responsible Level 3 may delegate specific training and/or qualification to other Level 3
personnel.

3.8 Responsible Level 3 (Airbus Operations S.A.S. France)


"Responsible Level 3" as defined in § 2.3.

An independently centrally certified Level 3 (COFREND-COSAC) who has been appointed as


being technically responsible for the NDT training and the airworthiness aspects of the NDT
work undertaken within Airbus Operations S.A.S. France.

When the Responsible Level 3 is not qualified in all NDT methods used by the organisation,
those methods shall be covered by additional certified personnel Level 3.

The Responsible Level 3 may delegate specific training and/or qualification to other Level 3
personnel.

The Responsible Level 3 is indicated by the employer to ensure that the requirements of this
procedure are respected and to act in the name of the employer for the tasks indicated in the
present procedure as being responsibility for Responsible Level 3. These tasks are specified
in various paragraphs of the COSAC procedure CCA PP 94001 (Appendix 1).

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3.9 Responsible Level 3 (Airbus Operations S.L. Spain)


"Responsible Level 3" as defined in § 2.3.

A certified Level 3 who has been appointed as being technically responsible for the NDT
training and the airworthiness aspects of the NDT work undertaken within Airbus Operations
S.L. Spain.

When the Responsible Level 3 is not qualified in all NDT methods used by the organisation,
those methods shall be covered by additional certified personnel Level 3.

The Responsible Level 3 may delegate specific training and/or qualification to other Level 3
personnel.

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4 Requirements for Levels of Qualification and Approval

4.1 Levels of Qualification


There are four basic levels of NDT qualification for each of the test methods within the scope
of this procedure as follows:
− Level 1 Limited
− Level 1
− Level 2
− Level 3
During the process of qualification to Level 1 Limited or Level 1 a candidate is considered a
trainee in that method.

Level 2 or Level 3 personnel shall supervise trainees only in methods for which they are
approved. A trainee shall not independently conduct any tests, interpret or evaluate the results
of a test or report test results.

Other Qualifications are:


− Instructor
− Auditor

4.2 Requirements for Qualification

4.2.1 Trainee
A trainee is an individual who is participating in a training program for an NDT method and is
not approved.

Trainees shall:
− Obtain work experience under the guidance of a Level 2 or Level 3 in the same
method,
− not make accept or reject decisions,
− not independently conduct tests,
− not independently perform any other NDT function.

4.3 NDT Level 1 "Limited"


When authorised by an Airbus Level 3 in the method, the performance and evaluation of a
specific NDT test on a specific item may be performed by personnel approved to Level 1
"Limited".

The number of training hours, experience hours, number of examination questions and the
length and validity of the approval (not to exceed the limits in clause 6.1) shall be established
for Level 1 "Limited" personnel based on a documented case-by-case assessment of the
specific testing needs by the Level 3 in the method.

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In no case shall the training hours and number of examination questions be less than 25% of
the minimum required for Level 1 in the applicable method. Experience hours shall be not less
than 10% of those required for Level 1 in the applicable method.

The case-by-case justification for using Level 1 "Limited", Airbus's approval, the training and
experience hours, the number of examination questions, the specific NDT test to be performed
and the specific hardware to be tested shall be documented in the employee's records.

Note: For work performed for and on behalf of Airbus Level 1 "Limited" and Level 1 personnel
shall not interpret results.

Only where there are clear accept/reject criteria requiring no interpretation may a Level 1
"Limited" or Level 1 certify items.

4.4 NDT Level 1


The Level 1 candidate shall:
− have the skills and knowledge to:
• process parts and perform equipment standardisation in accordance with written
instructions approved by a Level 3 in the method,
• carry out any necessary preparation of items before or after inspection in
accordance with written instructions approved by a Level 3 in the method,
− be able to follow procedures in the techniques/methods for which approved,
− receive guidance or supervision from a Level 2 or Level 3 in that method.
The Level 1 candidate may with written authorisation from the Level 3 in the method, perform
interpretation and evaluation of specific items for acceptance and rejection in the method in
which approved in accordance with written instructions approved by the appropriate Level 3.

Note: In Airbus France written authorisation from the level 3 in the method is not necessary if
the Level 1 approval including these tasks had been granted by a NANDTB.

For work performed for and on behalf of Airbus Level 1 "Limited" and Level 1 personnel
shall not interpret results.

Only where there are clear accept/reject criteria requiring no interpretation may a Level 1
"Limited" or Level 1 certify items.

4.5 NDT Level 2


The Level 2 shall:
− have the skills and knowledge to set up and standardise equipment, conduct tests,
interpret and evaluate for acceptance or rejection and document results,
− be thoroughly familiar with the scope and limitations of the technique/method in which
they are approved,
− be capable of providing the necessary guidance and/or supervision to trainees, Level 1
Limited and Level 1 personnel in the technique/method in which they are approved,
− be familiar with the codes, standards and other contractual documents that control the
method as utilised by or on behalf of Airbus,
− have a basic knowledge of product manufacturing and inspection technology.
When specified by the Level 3 be capable of developing written instructions from approved
general procedures. Such instructions shall require final approval by a Level 3 in the method.
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4.6 NDT Level 3


Level 3 individuals shall:
− have the skills and knowledge to interpret codes, standards and other contractual
documents that control the methods used by or on behalf of Airbus,
− have a general knowledge of other NDT methods and product technologies used by
or on behalf of Airbus,
− approve NDT procedures and other NDT related work instructions for technical
adequacy in the method in which they are approved,
− conduct NDT for acceptance of items only when a demonstration of proficiency in this
capability was included in the practical examination,
− be capable of:
• assuming technical responsibility for NDT facility and personnel,
• selecting the method and technique for a specific inspection,
• preparing and verifying the adequacy of procedures in the method approved,
• auditing outside agencies to ensure the requirements of this procedure are met,
• providing or directing training, examination and approval of personnel in the
method in which they are approved.
Note: If equipment operation or accepting items is required as part of the Level 3's duties, a
full practical examination equivalent to Level 2 is required.

4.7 Instructors
− Instructors shall have the skills and knowledge to plan organize and present classroom
instruction, practical exercises or on-the-job training in accordance with approved
course outlines. Instructors shall be designated by the NANDTB, the Responsible
Level 3 or his/her delegate or by the outside agency responsible for training.
− Training centres shall provide to the NANDTB, the Responsible Level 3 or his/her
delegate a list of the Instructors including their qualification, certification and expiry
date.

4.8 Auditors
Auditors assigned to carry out audits shall meet the following minimum requirements:
− be qualified in accordance with AP2183 as a Special Process Auditor,
− have satisfied the Manager responsible for Supplier Audits and Approvals that they
have received formal NDT Training in the methods to be audited and have a
comprehensive knowledge of NDT Quality Management System requirements,
− have demonstrated the ability to communicate with supplier personnel at all levels,
− have demonstrated a competency in report writing,
− have participated in at least three audits in conjunction with auditor(s) qualified to
perform NDT audits,
− have demonstrated the ability to organise and lead audits to the satisfaction of
observing auditor(s) qualified to perform NDT audits in at least two of the three
qualifying audits referenced above,
− have passed a recognised auditor training course covering:
• a review of the audit checklist,
• a review of prime contractor's specifications in the topic.

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Note: The initial audit shall be performed by a current approved level 3.

The regular audits may be performed by a qualified auditor with three years practical
experience in the field of NDT Quality Control/Quality Assurance agreed by a Level 3 in the
method.

A person who is approved to Level 3 and who still works in the NDT field may be an auditor
provided they have the knowledge above.

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5 Education Training and Experience Requirements for Initial


Qualification
To be considered for approval in NDT personnel shall have suitable education, training and
experience to ensure understanding of the principles and procedures in the areas of testing to
be undertaken.

Training shall be conducted in accordance with the syllabus detailed in Appendix B.

To be considered for approval a candidate shall satisfy the following criteria:

5.1 NDT Levels 1 and 2


The table in Appendix A lists the minimum training and experience factors required for initial
qualification to Level 1 and Level 2.

These requirements shall be met with the assistance of an Outside Agency or by an Instructor
designated by the Responsible Level 3.

Where a potential trainee has no documented evidence of formal academic attainment the
Level 3 shall conduct a selection test by means of a formal interview to determine the
candidates suitability.

Phase assessments undertaken during formal training courses conducted by the Outside
Agency/Instructor may additionally serve as a guide to the candidate's suitability for further
training and examination.

Note: Level 3 requirements are in Table 1.

5.2 Training Programmes


Personnel being considered for initial approval shall complete sufficient organised training to
become thoroughly familiar with the principles and practices to be used and the products to be
tested.

The organised training programme for each method shall include as a minimum the documented
syllabus contained in Appendix B and shall include sufficient phase assessments to assure that
the necessary information has been comprehended.

In addition to the organised training conducted by an Outside Agency/Instructor, the employer


shall ensure that specific training relevant to equipment, products, controlling specifications and
procedures used, is received by each candidate relevant to the level of qualification desired.

Organised training courses conducted by an Outside Agency/Instructor may be formulated in


such a way as to include all or part of the specific training requirement.

The Training/Examination Centres shall retain all training/examination records for a minimum of
6 years following cessation of approval. These records shall be made available to Airbus for
review upon request.

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5.3 Qualification Examinations


Eligibility to take qualification examinations shall be based on successful completion of the
initial organised and specific training and work related experience, as detailed in Appendix A,
which shall be documented prior to examinations being undertaken. An NDT examiner shall
compile and grade all qualification examinations, with the exception of physical examinations.

Training obtained from a previous employer that is documented and verified may be
acceptable, however documented refresher training shall be provided.

The extent and content of such training shall be determined by a Level 3 approved in the
method for which training is required.

5.4 Visual Acuity Examination - All Levels


The following requirements shall be administered by personnel designated by the Responsible
Level 3, NANDTB or an Outside Agency used for the qualification examination of personnel.
They shall be conducted upon initial approval and thereafter near vision tests shall be
conducted annually and colour perception tests prior to re-approval.

5.4.1 Near Vision Acuity


The examination shall ensure natural or corrected near distance acuity in a least one eye,
such that the candidate is capable of reading a Jaeger Number 1 (0.7 mm character height) or
equivalent type and size letter at a distance of not less that 12" or 20/25 Snellen at 16" (42 cm)
± 1" (2.54 cm) (this is not required where digital read out instruments are used i.e. ultrasonic
thickness meters). The result of the examination shall be recorded using the record template
given in Appendix E.

5.4.2 Colour Contrast Differentiation


The examination shall demonstrate the capability of distinguishing and differentiating contrast
in the colours used with the Ishihara 24 Plate test.

Where a colour perception deficiency is indicated (by misreading 4 or more of the 24 plates)
during the Ishihara 24 Plate test a further "trade test" shall be conducted to ascertain whether
the detected colour perception deficiency affects the individuals ability to perform the particular
NDT method.

This "trade test" shall be documented and the record of the test made available to Airbus
representative upon request.

Where a colour perception deficiency is indicated, the candidate may be restricted (e.g. a
candidate for UT may use monochromatic UT devices but not devices with coloured gates or
coloured "C-Scans").

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5.5 Route to Qualification for Level 1 and 2


The examination for Level 1 and 2 personnel shall be as follows:

5.5.1 General Examination (Written) Levels 1 and 2


General examinations shall address the theory and basic principles of the method, to the
applicable level of approval required.

The examination paper shall be of a "multi-choice" nature.

The examination for both levels shall be a "closed book" examination.

The minimum number of questions for each method shall be in accordance with Appendix A.

Possession of a current ASNT, EN 473 or ISO 9712 NDT certificate at the appropriate level
satisfies the general examination requirement.

5.5.2 Specific Examination (Written) Levels 1 and 2


The specific examination for all levels shall address the equipment, specifications, codes,
operating procedures, process control requirements and test techniques that the candidate
encounters during specific assignments.

Where a demonstration of radiation safety is required by the specific countries Health & Safety
system, personnel seeking approval in radiography shall sit a common radiation safety specific
theory examination.

The examination shall be "open book" and have a "multi-choice" or "true/false" nature. Where
specifications are provided for reference during the examination, candidates shall demonstrate
an understanding of the material and not quote the location of the information.

The minimum number of questions for each method shall be in accordance with Appendix A.

5.5.3 Practical Examination Level 1


The candidate shall demonstrate proficiency by using a written instruction to process at least
one test sample for each technique for which certification is sought.

At least two test samples of differing configurations shall be processed for each method.

The test samples shall be representative of the products to be encountered by the candidate in
the performance of his/her duties with the employer.

The checklist shall address proficiency in the use and standardization of the equipment and
materials, adherence to procedural details and the documentation of the results.

If the candidate is to accept products, the checklist shall also include proficiency in the
interpretation and evaluation of indications and the NDT results shall be documented by the
candidate.

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5.5.4 Practical Examination Level 2


The candidate shall demonstrate proficiency by inspecting at least one test sample for each
technique for which certification is sought.

At least two test samples of differing configurations shall be inspected, evaluated and the
results interpreted for each method. The candidate shall document the NDT results.

The test samples shall be representative of the products to be encountered by the candidate in
the performance of his/her duties with the employer.

The checklist shall include proficiency in the use and standardisation of equipment and
materials, adherence to procedural details, the accuracy and completeness of interpretation
and evaluation of indications.

The candidate shall prepare a written instruction in the method under examination, for use on
a sample provided by the NDT Examiner.

5.6 Route to Qualification for Level 3 (Also See 3.6 [Requirements for NL3
UK])
Level 3 personnel shall be examined by the following system based on the requirements of
NAS 410/EN 4179.

5.6.1 General Examination (Written) Level 3


The General Examination shall consist of a Basic Examination (required only once when more
than one Method Examination is taken) and a Method Examination for each Method.

The examination shall be closed book and of a "multi-choice" nature and will take the following
format:
Basic Examination Level 3

a) Ten (10) questions relating to, NAS 410, EN 4179 and/or this
instruction (in Airbus France CCA PP 94 001) and it's administration
b) Twenty (20) questions relating to applicable materials, fabrication and
product technology
c) Twenty (20) questions of a Level 2 standard relating to the main NDT
Methods in use
Method Examination Level 3

d) Forty (40) questions relating to fundamentals, principles and


applications of the Method
Note: Personnel holding a current ASNT NDT, EN 473 or ISO 9712 certificate in the method
may at the discretion of the NANDTB, the Responsible Level 3 or his/her delegate be
exempt parts b, c & d and be awarded 80% for the purpose of Grading.

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5.6.2 Specific Examination Level 3


The Specific Examination shall be taken for each Method and shall consist of a minimum of
thirty (30) questions relating to specifications, equipment and procedures applicable to Airbus
and its Products, for that Method.

The examination shall be "Open book" and of a written, "multi-choice" or "true/false" nature.

5.6.3 Practical Examination Level 3


The candidate shall demonstrate proficiency by preparing an NDT Procedure applicable to the
Method and appropriate to Airbus requirements.

When the candidate's duties will include inspection or evaluation of products, then proficiency
in performance of such tasks shall be demonstrated to the requirements of Level 2 in
accordance with 5.5.4.

A checklist shall be developed to assure the practical and technical adequacy of the
procedures prepared by the candidate and when applicable, the adequacy of the interpretation
and evaluation of indications.

The results of the practical examination shall be documented.

5.6.4 Experience Times Level 3


For personnel approved/certified under other qualification programmes, the equivalency of
their previous experience will be determined and documented by the NANDTB, the
Responsible Level 3 or the Examiner.

The minimum experience requirements for Level 3 are the following:


College or University Level 2 or Equivalent
Experience

None 4 years
Two years of engineering or science study at an accredited 2 years
technical school, college or university
Graduate or successful completion of at least three years 1 year
accredited science or engineering college or university program

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5.7 Administration of Examinations


The examination for the Responsible Level 3 shall be independently administered, examined
and graded by an NDT Training Centre, an Outside agency approved by Airbus or by the
applicable NANDTB.

The administration and grading of all other examinations shall be the responsibility of the
Responsible Level 3 or his/her delegate or the applicable NANDTB for the method for which the
examinations are given.

The NANDTB or the Responsible Level 3 responsible may delegate in writing the administration
and grading of all examinations using multiple choice or true/false type questions and the
practical examinations to an NDT Examiner.

Responses to essay questions must be evaluated by the NANDTB or the Responsible Level 3 to
verify the candidate's adequate understanding of the subject matter.

In no circumstances shall any Level 3 be examined by a subordinate or by a colleague of equal


standing.

5.8 Administration by an Outside Agency


When an Outside Agency is used to administer examinations, the candidates' employer shall
approve all individuals who perform the administration of the examinations and ensure that they
meet the requirements of this procedure.

In all cases, the ultimate responsibility for compliance with this procedure shall remain with the
employer.

5.9 Grading of Examinations


An NDT Examiner Approved in the appropriate method shall be responsible for the grading of
examinations in accordance with a marking guide approved by the NANDTB, the Responsible
Level 3 or his/her delegate.

The marking guide should be in the form of a list of competencies to be demonstrated with a
mark allocated to each.

The candidate for Approval shall achieve a minimum grade of 70% on the General and Specific
Examinations.

The candidate shall detect all discontinuities and conditions specified by the examination centre,
the NANDTB, the Responsible Level 3 or his/her delegate and achieve a minimum grade of 70%
in the remainder of the practical examination.

The candidate shall have an average score of no less than 80% in order to be eligible for
Approval.

All examination scores shall be of equal weight in determining the average score.

Where an Outside Agency is used, they shall use the appropriate, approved marking guide and
issue a Notice of Results for each candidate satisfying the above requirements.

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5.9.1 Re-Examination
Any candidate failing to attain the required grades shall receive suitable additional
documented training prior to re-examination in the failed aspects.

Candidates need only re-sit the sections of the examination in which they failed. A section is
defined as the Basic, General, Specific or the Practical Examination.

The re-examination shall not use the same examination paper or specimens that were used in
the initial examination. The written examination shall contain a minimum of 25% new questions.

If failed elements are not subject to re-examination within 12 months of the original
examination the complete set of Qualification Examinations shall be retaken.

Each candidate shall be allowed a maximum of 2 re-sits only.

5.10 Approval
Approval of all Levels of personnel to conduct or control NDT is based on demonstration of
satisfactory qualifications in accordance with this procedure.

Qualification in accordance with all aspects of this instruction shall result in the issue of a
certificate of qualification. This forms part of the record of approval.

5.10.1 Approval of a Responsible Level 3


The approval of the Responsible Level 3 shall be issued by the Quality Assurance
Department. This approval has to describe the area of responsibility.

5.10.2 Approval of Level 1 Limited, Levels 1, 2 & 3 Personnel


The approval of Level 1 Limited, Levels 1, 2 & 3 personnel shall be issued by the Quality
Assurance Department, based on the recommendation of the NANDTB, the Responsible
Level 3 or an identified Examiner.

Note: Where a demonstration of radiation safety is required by the specific countries Health &
Safety system, personnel seeking approval in radiography shall take a common
radiation safety specific theory examination.

5.11 Records
Records of approval shall be maintained for personnel for 6 years following cessation of
employment or approval.

Such records shall be made available to representatives of Airbus for audit purposes.

The records shall include the following information as a minimum:


− Name of the individual approved.
− Level, method and techniques for which individual is approved.

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− The latest written and practical examination results; scores for previous exams that
the individual has taken.
Note: Examination papers may be held by the Airbus Training Centre, Outside
Agency or NANDTB.
− Date and expiration of current approval(s).
− A summary of all previous NDT approval(s) with current employer.
− Training history that identifies source, type of training, dates of training and course
hours.
− Experience history, including any previous approval(s), both with current and previous
employers sufficient to justify satisfaction of experience requirements for approval.
− Results of the most-recent (i.e. current) visual acuity and colour perception
examinations.
− Extent and documentation of formal education, when used to meet qualification
requirements.
− The case-by-case justification, Airbus approval, the training and experience hours,
the number of examination questions, the length of the approval (up to 1 year), the
specific NDT test to be performed and the specific hardware to be tested by Level 1
"Limited" personnel.
− The name and signature of the Airbus representative authorising the approval.
− Ethical Commitment (where required by the NANDTB).

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6 Re-Approval of Personnel

6.1 Re-Approval of Level 1 "Limited", Level 1 and Level 2 Personnel


Level 1 "Limited" personnel shall be re-approved for each approval held, at intervals not to
exceed one year.

Level 1 and Level 2 personnel shall be re-approved at intervals not to exceed five years.

Practical and specific examinations equivalent to those required for initial approval shall be
administered for Level 1 "Limited, Level 1 and Level 2.

Approval is considered to expire at the end of the corresponding month in which the approval
began.

6.2 Re-Approval of Level 3 Personnel

6.2.1 Level 3
Level 3 personnel shall be re-approved at intervals not to exceed five years in accordance with
the credit system detailed in Appendix C or where insufficient credit is held by specific and
practical examination equivalent to initial approval.

If equipment operation or accepting items is required as part of the Level 3's duties, a full
practical examination equivalent to Level 2 is required.

6.2.2 Nominated Level 3 (Airbus UK)


In addition to 6.2.1 above the Airbus UK Nominated Level 3 shall renew or re-certify in
accordance with the requirements of The British Institute of NDT scheme under PCN AERO
AO or alternatively ASNT requirements.

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7 Loss & Re-Instatement of Approval

7.1 Loss of Approval


Approval may expire, be suspended or revoked.

Approval shall:
− expire when employment is terminated or when the approval interval has lapsed with
no re-approval issued,
− be suspended when the visual acuity examination is overdue, the individual does not
perform in the method approved for at least 12 months or when the individual's
performance is found to be deficient in any manner,
− be deemed revoked when an individual does not perform in the method for at least
24 consecutive months or when the individual's conduct is found to be unethical or
incompetent.

7.2 Re-Instatement of Approval


Approvals, that have been suspended, may be re-instated when the cause for suspension is
corrected and the correction verified by the Quality Assurance Department on the
recommendation of the NANDTB, the Responsible Level 3 or his/her delegate. Level 1 or
Level 2 approvals that have expired or been revoked may only be reinstated by re-approval as
per clause 6.1.

Level 3 approvals that have been revoked may only be reinstated by specific and practical
examination equivalent to initial approval.

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8 Reference Documents
Doc Reference Title

Personnel Certification for Non-Destructive Testing of Aircraft, Engines,


CAP 747 GR23
Components and Materials, issued by the UK Civil Aviation Authority
Aerospace Series - Qualification and approval of personnel for Non-
EN 4179
Destructive Testing
Non-Destructive Testing - Qualification & Certification of Non-Destructive
EN 473
Testing Personnel - General Principles
NAS 410 Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive Test Personnel
Conditions d'attribution des Certificats COFREND dans le secteur
CCA PP 94 001
Aérospatial

9 Glossary
Always refer to AP2080 - LEXINET

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Appendix A. NDT Qualification - Initial Training Hours and Experience


NDT Qualification - Initial training hours and experience

Examination Minimum training Minimum (*) Minimum number of questions


methods(c) hours experience
(classroom) requirement General written Specific written exam(a)
(on job training) exam

Condition A B C D E F Level 1 Level 2 Level 1 Level 2 Radia-


tion
Safety(b)

PENETRANT
FLAW 16 16 32 130 270 400 40 40 30 30 N/A
DETECTION
MAGNETIC
FLAW 16 16 32 130 400 530 40 40 30 30 N/A
DETECTION
EDDY CURRENT 40 40 80 400 1200 1600 40 40 30 30 N/A
ULTRASONICS 40 40 80 400 1200 1600 40 40 30 30 N/A
RADIOGRAPHY 40 40 80 400 1200 1600 40 40 30 30 15
Notes: (a) The Level 2 specific examination shall include a minimum of 5 questions relating to
product technology.

(b) The time allowed is 2 minutes per question and 5 minutes per calculation.

(c) The above NDT methods are further defined as having separate techniques within
each method (see 2.2). Each technique requires experience greater than or equal
to 10% of the required minimum experience hours listed for each method.
Certification in method may be restricted to specific techniques. Personnel
certification records shall list all techniques within each method for which approval
is issued. Evidence of accumulated experience in each technique shall be
maintained by candidates and reviewed for approval by the responsible Level 3
prior to examination.

CONDITION REQUIREMENTS
Condition A Level 1
Condition B Level 2, with prior Level 1 approval
Condition C Level 2, without prior Level 1 approval
Condition D Trainee experience for Level 1
Condition E Level 1 experience for Level 2
Condition F Trainee experience for direct approval to Level 2
(*): Experience in multiple methods may be accumulated simultaneously. Experience in
method must be at least half this time when remaining time is in other NDT methods when
approved by the NANDTB, the Responsible Level 3 or his/her delegate.

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Level 1 Limited

In no case shall the training hours (classroom) and number of examination questions be less
than 25% of the minimum required for Level 1 in the applicable method. Experience hours
shall be not less than 10% of those required for Level 1 in the applicable method.

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Appendix B. NDT Syllabi

INTRODUCTION

The test methods included within this Appendix detail the syllabi to be covered to satisfy the
training and approval requirements of all methods.

Operators performing these tests are to be trained by an NDT Instructor and examined by an
NDT Examiner against each respective syllabus.

Unless otherwise stated the syllabi in regular case apply to Level 1 and 2 and those in italics
apply to Level 2 only.

LIQUID PENETRANT INSPECTION

Introduction
Summary of NDT methods, history of liquid penetrant inspection, fundamental principles
and applications.

Pre-cleaning
Reasons for pre-cleaning, methods of pre-cleaning, e.g. vapour degreasing, ultrasonic
cleaning, applications and effectiveness of the pre-cleaning techniques, pre-cleaning
methods and reasons why they shall or shall not be used.

Penetrant Techniques
Types of dyes, types of penetrant processes, categorisation of penetrants, penetrant
application, comparison of techniques.

Penetrant Inspection Equipment


Stationary equipment, hand lines, automatic lines and electrostatic, portable equipment,
local application, selection of equipment.

Removal Techniques
Removers -solvent & hydrophilic, emulsifiers- lipophilic, how removers & emulsifiers work,
application of removers & emulsifiers, selection of removal technique.

Component Drying
Reason for drying, method of drying, selection of drying technique.

Development Techniques
Reasons for development, types of developers, method of application, selection of
developers, comparison of techniques.

Inspection
Inspection area, white light, ultraviolet radiation and fluorescence, ambient light,
cleanliness and component handling, true and false indications, types of discontinuities,
fixing and recording of indications, report writing.
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Post Cleaning
Reasons for post cleaning, methods of post cleaning, e.g. vapour degreasing, ultrasonic
cleaning, applications and effectiveness of the post cleaning methods.

Quality Control Checks


Reasons for control checks, test pieces, blocks and panels, use of hand refractometer,
line control checks in accordance with current specifications, penetrant, emulsifier,
remover and developer checks in accordance with specifications.

Safety Precautions
Solvents and penetrants, ventilation, smoking, eating and drinking, clothing and footwear,
eye protection, ultraviolet radiation, fire hazards.

Miscellaneous
Glossary of terms used in liquid penetrant inspection, instruction writing, procedures and
specifications.

PENETRANT FLAW DETECTION - ANODIC FLAW DETECTION (AFD) - LEVEL 1 "LIMITED"

Introduction
Surface conversion coatings, chromic acid anodising, scope of course.

General inspection requirements

Examples of AFD methods

The principle of penetration and capillary action

AFD
Applications, special requirements, characteristics of defects, renovation and repair of
aluminium alloy items, comparison with penetrant methods.

Interpretation of inspection results

Terminology
Discontinuities.

Health and Safety


Solvents, ventilation, smoking, eating and drinking, clothing and footwear, eye protection,
fire hazards.

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MAGNETIC PARTICLE INSPECTION

Introduction
Summary of NDT methods, History of Magnetic Particle Inspection.

Principles of Magnetism
Magnetic domains, nature of fields, magnets and their poles, lines of force, flux density
and its units, field strength and its units, leakage fields, ferromagnetic materials,
paramagnetic materials, diamagnetic materials.

Principles of Electromagnetism
Current flow, fields surrounding a conductor, right hand rule, coils/solenoids, right hand
grip rule, magnetic properties of a material, hysterisis curves, field distribution inside and
outside, magnetic and non-magnetic conductors.

Principles of Electricity
Currents, wave forms, single phase and three phase supplies, skin effects, measurement
of currents, sources of currents, choice of current waveform.

Methods of Magnetisation
Current flow, threader bar, magnetic flux flow, coil, induction, permanent magnets,
discontinuity direction with regard to the magnetic field, selection of magnetisation
technique, swinging (vector) field, sequential fields.

Magnetising Equipment
Portable, mobile, bench type, yokes, permanent magnets, prods, selection of equipment.

Preparation of Components
Reasons for pre-cleaning, pre-cleaning methods, surface finish, background and contrast
sprays, post cleaning methods, corrosion, corrosion protection.

Magnetic Inks
Oxides wet or dry, oxides fluorescent or colour contrast, carrier fluids, water conditioners,
permeability, magnetic rubber, application of inks, selection of inks, mobility.

Inspection
Inspection area, white light, ambient light, ultraviolet radiation and fluorescence,
cleanliness and component handling, types of discontinuities, true and false indications,
fixing and recording of indications, report writing.

Demagnetisation
Reasons for demagnetisation, residual fields, coercive force, Curie point, principles of
demagnetisation, equipment required, methods of checking for residual field strength.

Quality Control Checks


Reasons for control checks, test piece and components, line control checks in accordance
with current specifications, particle content of magnetic inks, functional checks.
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Safety Precautions
Solvents and inks, ventilation, smoking, eating and drinking, clothing and footwear, eye
protection, ultraviolet radiation, fire hazards, component arcing.

Miscellaneous
Glossary of terms used in magnetic particle inspection, instruction writing, procedures and
specifications.

RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION

Introduction
Summary of NDT methods, General principles of the examination of materials with
penetrating radiation, Radiation safety.
General areas of application.

Electromagnetic Radiation
The nature of X-rays, the nature of gamma rays, radiation spectrum, the quality of X-rays
and gamma rays, detecting and measuring X and gamma rays.

Sources of Radiation
The X-ray tube, the X-radiation spectrum, types of X-ray tube, types of X-ray machine,
special radiographic equipment, radioactive sources, the half life of a radioactive source,
activity, specific activity, half value layer, natural radioactive sources, artificial radioactive
sources, industrial radioactive sources.

The Radiograph
The radiation image, scatter, fluorescent intensifying screens, lead intensifying screens,
radiation absorption, radiographic filters, defect visibility, geometric factors affecting:
geometric unsharpness, inherent unsharpness, optimum sensitivity, finding the depth of
defect, half value layer, quality of radiation and contrast of the radiation image, the inverse
square law, radiography of defects of widely varying thickness, defects, the exposure
chart.

Checking The Image Quality

Image quality indicators, wire indicators, step wedge indicators, plate indicators.The X-Ray Film
Uses, structure of an X-ray film, manufacturing diagram, sensitometry, photographic
emulsions, latent image, development, developer, transparency, density, contrast,
exposure, characteristic curve, emulsion contrast, recommended developing time, effects
of developing time, recommended temperature, effect of agitation, poor results and their
possible causes, atinic radiation, contrast factor, gradient, average gradient, gamma,
range, exposure, interval, exposure range, interval of correct exposure, range of correct
exposure, latitude, effects of type of developer, use of characteristic curve.

Radiation Hazards
Hazards, protection, measurement by film badge and TLD, measurement by dosimeter,
measurement by monitoring instruments, measurement by medical examination.

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Terminology
Glossary of terms used in radiography.

X-Ray Department
The darkroom, the units, the components, process operations.

Techniques
Basic shapes, direction of beam, film positioning, typical beam parameters, film type, need
for screens, FFD magnifications, double films, affect of materials.

Scrutiny
Viewers, visual aids, marking of defects, film artefacts, overcheck requirements,
interpretation of indications.

Explanation of Defects
Instruction on the type of defects that can occur in the products being inspected.

Detectable Defects
Examples of typical defects that can be located by radiographic inspection.

Non-Relevant Indications
Examples of spurious indications that can be produced by radiographic inspection.

Evaluation of Indications

Instruction in the assessment of indications to the relevant quality acceptance standard.

Radiation Safety General Theory Basic Syllabus

Fundamental properties of matter


Elements and atoms, molecules and compounds, atomic particles, atomic structure,
atomic number and mass number, isotopes, ionisation and ions.

Radioactive materials
Production: - Neutron activation and nuclear fission, stable and unstable isotopes,
Becquerel (curie) - the unit of activity, half-life of radioactive materials, radioactive decay,
specific activity.

Types of Radiation
Particulate radiation: - alpha, beta and neutron, electromagnetic radiation: - X-ray and
Gamma-ray, X-ray and Gamma-ray production, Gamma-ray energy, energy
characteristics (line spectra) of radioisotope sources (Cobalt 60. Iridium 192 and
Ytterbium 169), energy characteristics (continuous spectrum) of X-ray machines.

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Biological Effects of Radiation


Background radiation, the Gray, the Sievert, the Q (Quality factor), (Relative Biological
Effect RBE), the difference between radiation and contamination, dose limits and
reference values, dose rates, controlled and supervised areas.
Radiation effects, i.e. cancer and hereditary effects:
− Deterministic effects, i.e. erythema, cataracts and blood count changes.
− Somatic (relating to body) effects, localised and whole body:
• Acute (single exposure over a short interval).
• Chronic (many or continuous exposure over extended period of time).
• Radiation risks i.e. probability of cancer, death, etc.
Radiation Detection
Difference between dose and dose rate, film badge (personal dosimeter),
thermoluminescent dosimeters (personal dosimeter), solid state dosimeters (personal
alarm), care and use of personal monitoring devices.

Survey instruments
Geiger-Muller tube, Ionisation chamber, Scintillation chambers, counters.
Calibration of survey instruments, care and use of survey instruments i.e. battery checks,
limitations, advantages.
Record keeping (dose rates).

Practical Protection from Radiation


Justification, Optimisation (ALARA/ALARP) and Dose limitation.
Source activity/X-ray mA, time.
Distance including the inverse square law, its use and calculation of safe distances,
barrier settings and doses at given distances, shielding, half and tenth value thicknesses.

Statutory Regulations
Ionisation Radiation Regulations:
− Designation of a classification worker, controlled and supervised area, Role of
the Radiation Protection Supervisor and the Advisor, Requirement for Local
Rules and Contingency Plans.
− Receipt, storage and disposal.
− Outside Worker Regulation.
− Transport Regulations.

Personal Dosimetry
Classification, medical surveillance, dose assessment, ADS dose record keeping, ALARP
investigation, exposure investigation, over exposure investigation, notification.

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Radiation Safety Specific Theory Basic Syllabus

X-ray sets
Use in compounds: exposure room, shielding, doors, interlocks, audible and visual
warnings, monitoring termination of X-ray emission.
Use on site: exposure area, setting of barriers, area monitoring and surveillance, warning
signs, audible and visual warnings, use of collimators, monitoring termination of X-ray
emission.

Daily inspection and maintenance

Radiographic Working Practices


Local rules, duties of the RPS and RPA, Outside workers "passbook", emergency
procedures (contingency plans), record keeping i.e. source register, notification to Health
and Safety Executive (HSE), Ionising Radiation Regulations 1985, communication
between radiographers, planning the work to restrict exposure to radiation.

ULTRASONIC INSPECTION

Introduction
Summary of NDT methods, General principles of ultrasonic inspection, General areas of
application.

Piezo - Electric Effect


Probe construction, frequency, crystal thickness relationship, damping and resolution.

Examination of Flaw Detector


Time base, pulser circuit, receiver or echo amplifier, relationship between signal, voltage/
signal, height/attenuation reading, A-scan display.

Properties of Ultrasound
Velocity, frequency, wavelength, wave modes.

Reflection & Refraction


Diffraction, diameter, sound beam, divergence, near/far zone effects.

Introduction to Practical Ultrasonics


Principles of defect size, time base calibration, flaw detector controls, amplitude
measurement, distance/amplitude, curve, water gap, working range, frequency,
measurement, distance/amplitude compensation.

Setting Up
Near surface resolution, working sensitivity, attenuation and grass recognition of flaw
signals.

Defect Evaluation
Flat bottom holes - side drill holes - distance amplitude correction curves.

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Wave Properties

Properties of Ultrasound
Relationship between sound pressure and material particle velocity, relationship between
sound intensity, acoustic impedance and material particle amplitude.

Effects on Sound Waves at Smooth and Rough Boundaries

Wave Incidence at an Interface


Plane waves normally incident, calculation of reflection and transmission coefficients,
oblique angles of incidence, critical angles, transmitted and reflected energy.

Sound Fields and their Characteristics


Beam divergence, near and far zones.

Piezoelectricity
Piezoelectricity materials, quartz, piezoelectric effects in ceramics the Curie temperature.

Sound Attenuation

Defect Evaluation
Flat bottom holes, side drilled holes, DAC curves.

The Decibel System

The Ultrasonic Flaw Detector


The pulse generator, display unit, cathode ray tube, the amplifier.

Characteristics of Equipment
Signal to noise ratio, resolution, linearity of amplifier, beam spread, etc.

Transducer Design
Selection of: Piezoelectric crystal, backing material, frontal members, electrode type,
matching with instrument.

Transducer Characteristics
Resonant frequency, frequency spectrum, bandwidth, sensitivity, resolving power, working
range, focused transducers.

Immersion Testing of Stepped Components

Automation
Distance echo correction, gating, dynamic test, calibration.

Explanation of Defects
Instruction on the type of defects than can occur in the products being inspected.

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Detectable Defects
Examples of typical defects that can be located by ultrasonic inspection.

Non-Relevant Indications
Examples of spurious indications that can be produced by the NDT process.

Evaluation of Indications
Instruction in the assessment of indications to the relevant quality acceptance standards.

ULTRASONIC - BOND TESTING

Materials (metallic and non-metallic) and manufacturing methods

Types of bonded structures

Methods of NDT

Acoustic, Ultrasonic, Radiography, Eddy Current, Bond Testing

Limitations of the above methods

Operation of various bond testers

Application and capabilities

Limitations of bond testers

Reference standards (types and method of manufacture)

New developments

Shearography, Thermal imaging, Area scanning

Data presentation

Types of discontinuities (manufacture and in-service) and their origins

Detectable discontinuities and non-relevant indications, evaluation of indications, techniques


and processes

Report writing and the understanding/use of specifications

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EDDY CURRENT INSPECTION

Introduction
Summary of NDT methods, Review of principles of eddy current inspection, Advantage
and limitations.

Principles of Electricity
Electrical Current, conductors, electromotive force, resistance, conductivity, direct current,
ohms law.

Magnetism
Lines of force, flux density, electromagnets, magnetic property of materials, hystersis loop.

Electromagnetic Induction
Faradays law, alternating currents, frequency, self-inductance, inductive reactance,
resistance, impedance, vector diagrams.

Principles of Eddy Current Testing


Basic eddy current theory, Lenz's law, geometry of eddy currents, basic test coils (surface
coil, encircling coil and internal coil).

Material Properties Affecting Eddy Currents


Conductivity, IACS, alloys, hardness, conductive coatings, temperature, residual stresses,
material thickness, dimensional factors, discontinuities, permeability.

Dimension Factory of Coils


Lift off, fill factor, depth of penetration, standard depth of penetration, edge effect,
summary.

Test equipment Circuits, Coils and Indicators


Instrument circuits, the basic test circuit, the basic bridge circuit, types of bridge circuit.

Types of Test Coils


The surface probe, unshielded probes, shielded probes, encircling coils, internal coils,
single coil, double coil, absolute arrangements, differential arrangements, self comparison
technique, external comparison technique, multiple coil arrangements, through
transmission method.

Indicating Devices
Analog meters, digital meters, oscilloscopes, strip chart recorders, display, strip chart
recorders, linear time base display, modulation analysis, reactance testing, feedback
controlled testing.

Cathode Ray Tube


Main components, the mode of operation.

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The Characteristic or Limit Frequency


Definition of characteristics or limit frequency, eddy current test frequency ratios.

Phase Analysis
Phase, impedance, impedance diagrams, content of independence diagrams,
development of impedance diagrams, normalisation of impedance diagrams, reference
numbers, factors affecting impedance diagrams (frequency, conductivity, cracks,
permeability, lift-off, fill factor, thickness of coatings).

Practical Applications
Calibration/test blocks, scanning speeds, scan patterns, bolt hole inspection, high/low
frequency inspection, probe to edge spacing fixtures and guides.

Detection of discontinuities
Examples of typical discontinuities that can be located by eddy current inspection.

Explanation of Discontinuities
Instruction on the type of defects that can occur in the products being inspected.

Non-Relevant Indications
Examples of non-relevant indications that can be produced by eddy current inspection.

Evaluation of Indications
Instruction in the assessment of indication to the relevant quality acceptance standard.

Instruction and Report Writing


Instruction and report writing in accordance with relevant specification.

EDDY CURRENT INSPECTION - CONDUCTIVITY TESTING - LEVEL 1 "LIMITED"

General

Heat Treatment
Monitoring, Mechanical test pieces, Explanation of heat treatment and temper condition
Material sorting

Reasons for both hardness and conductivity testing of aluminium alloys

Relevant specifications and reference documentation

Principles
Theory of induction, Measurement of Eddy currents, Units of measurement

Limitations and Precautions


Temperature, Geometry, Dimensions, Calibration before and during use

Special Reasons for Conductivity Testing

Stress corrosion, Resistance, 0.2% Proof stress

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THERMOGRAPHY TESTING

Introduction
Overview: NDT tasks in aerospace application, general principles of thermography testing.

Physical principles of thermography


Oscillation; waves; thermography terminology: systems, temperature, heat, heat transfer,
heat conduction, convection, heat radiation (infrared radiation), heat capacity; radiation
laws: Planck's radiation law, Stefan-Boltzmann law, Wien's displacement law, emission,
absorption, radiation power, Kirchhoff's radiation law; reflections; induction; black body
radiator; influences and source of error: atmospheric window; passive and active
thermography testing of materials.

Thermography testing techniques


Transient thermography; pulse thermography; Optical Lockin Thermography (OLT);
Ultrasonic Lockin Thermography (ULT); ultrasonic burst phase thermography; Pulse
Phase Thermography (PPT).

Thermography test equipment


Detectors (sensors); characteristics for selection of thermography test equipment.

Excitation and loading techniques


Heat radiators; flashes; inductive excitation; hot air excitation; ultrasonic excitation; laser;
excitation and loading techniques in application (pulse thermography, OLT, ULT,
ultrasonic burst phase thermography, PPT).

Detectable flaw types

Calibration
Requirements on calibration and reference blocks; calibration blocks; reference blocks;
requirements on simulated flaws.

Assessment, evaluation and documentation


Assessment and evaluation; documention for the customer; documentation by and for the
manufacturer; structure of test record sheets; inspection report and part designation; test
instruction; hints for preparation of test instructions.

Operational safety

Standards and safety regulations

Practical training
Basic experiment; taking into account external noise; efficiency of active thermography on
fibre composites; influence of surfaces; thermography testing for: liquid in honeycomb in
accordance with an example in-service test instruction, delaminations in monolithic fibre
composite material (including location and sizing), flaws in a fibre composite part with
stringers, flaw of repair in a spoiler, flaws in a sandwich structure with foam core.

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Appendix C. Credit System for Re-Approval of Level 3 NDT Personnel

Application for re-approval shall be made to the Responsible Level 3 at least 14 days, but no
more than 4 months (with documentary evidence supporting points claimed) prior to the
expiration date of any valid Level 3 approval.

The candidate shall have been employed in a Level 3 function for a minimum of 36 months (at
least 12 of which are in the last 24 months) within the previous five years, in the Method(s) for
which re-approval is sought.

The number of months is cumulative and does not need to be consecutive months for
validation purposes.

Candidates shall provide objective evidence that they have kept up to date with current Non-
Destructive Testing technology in the Method(s) for which they are seeking re-approval/re-
certification by obtaining a minimum of 24 points during the 5 year period of Approval,
irrespective of the number of approvals (methods) obtained, by engaging in one or more of the
activities listed in Appendix A.

Notes: Credit is awarded only if it is not the candidate's main activity.

For Airbus France Appendix B of CCA PP 94 001 (French NANDTB procedure) shall
be included.
Activity Criteria Point Max Points
Allocation per 5 Years

Authoring or co-authoring technical Sole Author 8 16


NDT papers, presentations or white Co-author (Contribution > 30%) 4
papers Co-author (Contribution < 30%) 2
Authoring, co-authoring or Custodian for Each Standard/Specification 8 16
company or industry NDT specifications
or standards
Attending technical sessions, committee 1 day or 1 meeting 1 16
or panel meetings organised by: 2 Days 2
− national or international technical 3 Days or more 4
NDT Societies and Institutes,
− inter-company NDT teams
comprised of members from several
locations.
NDT technical training Instructor For each 8 hours of instruction 4 8
teaching courses designed to prepare
students for NDT qualification or other
academic qualification
Participation in technical courses or For every 8 hours of 2 8
seminars documented instruction
Participating in technical courses or For actual Continuing Actual 16
seminars for which academic credit is Education Units (CEUs) or CEUs/
given academic credit earned credit
awarded

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Activity Criteria Point Max Points


Allocation per 5 Years

Obtaining an initial* Level 3 certificate For each Method obtained 4 16


from a recognized industry source
(applicable only to initial professional
certification).
* This does not apply to professional re-
certification
Non-Destructive Testing Examiner For each examination session 1 8
NDT related technical and/or scientific For each published paper 4 16
publications published either internally
or externally
Documented NDT contributions to For each documented 4 12
technical society or industry committee contribution
projects
Documented participation in NDT For each documented 4 12
related studies, developments or contribution
investigations
Documented continuous satisfactory Written testament by employer 4 16
performance as a Level 3
Attend equipment or trade show For each show attended 1 4
Conduct external NDT audits For each external audit 1 16
conducted

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Appendix D. Requirements on a "Written Practice" of Suppliers and


Subcontractors of Airbus…

D.1 Introduction

D.1.1 General Objective

The "Written Practice" shall:


− describe the policy and establish the framework for the control and administration of
NDT training, qualification, examination and approval of personnel engaged in NDT,
− describe the responsibilities for each level of approval in determining the acceptability
of materials or items in accordance with the applicable codes, standards,
specifications and procedures,
− describe a scheme that meets the requirements of Airbus, the requirements of the
National Airworthiness Authorities and NAS 410/EN 4179.
The "Written Practice" shall comply with the latest issue/revision of NAS 410 and the
equivalent issue of EN 4179 and the additional requirements detailed in this Instruction.

D.1.2 Outside Agency

The "Written Practice" shall allow that satisfaction of the requirements of the "Written Practice"
is achieved with the assistance of an Outside Agency, who have been reviewed by Airbus and/
or the NANDTB and are deemed acceptable to provide such services.

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− the NDT Instructors/Examiners have full knowledge of the Written Instructions, codes,
specifications and standards utilised by Airbus,
− the individuals are also knowledgeable in the relevant materials, components and
product technology and techniques utilised for and on behalf of Airbus.

D.2 Requirements with Respect to Applicability

D.2.1 General Requirements with Respect to Applicability

The intention of the "Written Practice" shall be to standardize the training and approval of NDT
personnel throughout its supplier base where NDT is required. The "Written Practice" shall
apply to:
− all personnel conducting NDT for and on behalf of Airbus to test and/or accept
materials, products, components, assemblies or sub-assemblies (items),
− those individuals directly responsible for the technical adequacy of the NDT methods
used, as well as personnel performing external NDT technical audits or providing
NDT training for and on behalf of Airbus,
− individuals who are certified in accordance with EN 473 and perform NDT on raw
materials (e.g. tubes, plates, wires and profiles, etc.).

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The "Written Practice" shall have a note that points out that forgings and castings are
not considered to be raw materials and that they shall only be tested by personnel
approved in accordance with the "Written Practice".
The "Written Practice" shall not be intended to apply to:
− individuals who only have administrative authority over the personnel identified
above,
− research personnel developing technology for subsequent approval by a Level 3
qualified and approved in accordance with this procedure,
− individuals who perform measurements on the production line with direct readout
instruments.

D.2.2 Requirements with Respect to Implementation

The "Written Practice" shall be based on NAS 410 and the equivalent issue of EN 4179.

D.2.3 Requirements with Respect to Methods

The main NDT methods covered by the "Written Practice" shall be as stated in NAS 410/
EN 4179.

D.2.4 Requirements with Respect to Techniques

The "Written Practice" shall require that the techniques within a method are detailed in the
written practice.

D.2.5 Requirements with Respect to Responsibility for Compliance

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− the Responsible Level 3 in conjunction with the NANDTB (when used) ensures that
NDT training programmes and associated examination procedures reflect the nature
of the product and meet the requirements of the "Written Practice",
− he/she ensures that personnel conducting NDT:
• maintain a suitable level of competence, which is to be recorded and reviewed
annually,
• have been trained, examined and approved as being of a level of competence
adequate for the task(s) upon which they are engaged (i.e. are suitably qualified
in accordance with Clause D4) or are working under the supervision of suitably
qualified personnel while receiving training.

D.3 Requirements with Respect to Definitions

Definition of special terms used in the "Written Practice" shall be given in the "Written Practice".

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D.4 Requirements with Respect to Additional Education, Training and Experience


Requirements

D.4.1 Requirements with Respect to the Training Syllabus

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− the training syllabus is detailed in a written procedure,
− the syllabus is agreed in writing between the Responsible Level 3 and the Outside
Agency where a NANDTB approved Outside Agency is used to provide classroom
training.

D.4.2 Requirements with Respect to NDT Level 1 and Level 1 Limited

The "Written Practice" shall require that a Level 1 or a Level 1 Limited may accept/reject items
only where there are clear accept/reject criteria that require no interpretation.

D.4.3 Requirements with Respect to NDT Examiners

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− the Examiners are suitably qualified and approved by the Responsible Level 3 or
NANDTB, to prepare, administer and grade qualification examinations,
− the Examiner is a Level 3 individual for the specific test method being qualified.

D.4.4 Requirements with Respect to the Route to Qualification to Level 3

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− Level 3 personnel are examined in accordance with the requirements of NAS 410/
EN 4179 plus the following additional Basic Examination,
− the Basic Examination (Written) Level 3 is required only once when more than one
Method Examination is taken,
− the examination is closed book and of a "multi-choice" nature and will take the
following format:
Basic Examination Level 3

a) Ten (10) questions relating to EN 4179


b) Twenty (20) questions relating to applicable materials, fabrication and
product technology
c) Twenty (20) questions of a Level 2 standard relating to the main NDT
Methods in use
Note: Personnel holding a current ASNT NDT, EN 473 or ISO 9712 certificate in the method
may at the discretion of the NANDTB, the Responsible Level 3 or his/her delegate be
exempt parts b and c and be awarded 80% for the purpose of Grading.

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D.4.5 Requirements with Respect to Approval

D.4.5.1 General Requirements with Respect to Approval

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− approval of all levels of personnel to conduct or control NDT is based on
demonstration of satisfactory qualifications in accordance with the "Written Practice",
− qualification in accordance with all aspects of the "Written Practice" results in the
issue of a document of approval that forms part of the record of approval.

D.4.5.2 Requirements with Respect to Approval of Responsible Level 3 Personnel

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− the approval of Responsible Level 3 is issued by the employer's Quality Assurance
Department,
− for work performed on or behalf of Airbus:
• the supplier requests agreement for the Responsible Level 3 or his/her named
Delegate (Appendix F)
The request shall include documentary evidence of competence of the
Responsible Level 3 and suitability for the role and, if the person is not a full-time
employee, a copy of the contract between both parties,
• in addition the supplier also provides documented evidence of experience of the
trainer and examiner for the technique within the method (i.e. if ultrasonic
inspection of composite materials is performed, the trainer and examiner shall
have experience and be approved to Level 3 in this technique), to show evidence
of competence and experience listed in Appendix F.
• It is expected that an Airbus NDT Supplier Responsible Level 3 will have a minimum
of 5 years total experience as a Level 2 or Level 3 NDT practitioner
• An Airbus supplier NDT Responsible Level 3 shall have a minimum of 2 years
experience of the aerospace sector, and where applicable, a minimum of 1 year
experience in the method(s).

D.4.5.3 Requirements with Respect to Approval of Level 1 Limited and Levels 1, 2 and 3
Personnel

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− the approval of Level 1 Limited and Levels 1, 2 and 3 Personnel is issued by the
employer's Quality Assurance Department, based on the recommendation of the
NANDTB and/or the Responsible Level 3,
− personnel seeking approval in radiography takes a common radiation safety specific
theory examination where a demonstration of radiation safety is required by the
specific countries Health & Safety system.

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D.5 Requirements with Respect to Records

The "Written Practice" shall require that:


− records of training, examinations and approval are maintained for personnel for
6 years following cessation of employment or approval,
− records include the following information as a minimum:
• name of the individual approved,
• level, method and techniques for which individual is approved,
• the latest written and practical examination results; scores for previous exams
that the individual has taken,
• date and expiration of current approval(s),
• a summary of all previous NDT approval(s) with current employer,
• training history that identifies source, type of training, dates of training and course
hours,
• experience history, including any previous approval(s), both with current and
previous employers sufficient to justify satisfaction of experience requirements for
approval,
• results of the most-recent (i.e. current) visual acuity and color perception
examinations,
• extent and documentation of formal education, when used to meet qualification
requirements,
• the case-by-case justification, Airbus approval, the training and experience hours,
the number of examination questions, the length of the approval (up to 1 year),
the specific NDT test to be performed and the specific hardware to be tested by
Level 1 "Limited" personnel,
• the name and signature of the Airbus representative authorising the approval,
• ethical Commitment (where required by the NANDTB).
The "Written Practice" shall allow that Examination papers may be held by the Training
Centre, Outside Agency or NANDTB.

D.6 Requirements with Respect to the Record Table

The "Written Practice" shall require that the record table is as follows:
Type of record Responsible for Duration Format Location
Archiving

NDT Training & User 6 years Paper Secure Archive


Approval following
cessation of
approval

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Appendix E. Test of Visual Acuity According to A1083

Test of Visual Acuity According to A1083


The vision examination1) was conducted by:
Medical Facility Name: .......................................................................

Name of Specialist: .......................................................................

Address: .......................................................................
1)
The Responsible Level 3 shall designate the source for administering the vision examination. If
medically qualified, the medical facility name is sufficient. If non-medically qualified, individuals
shall be identified.
Designation must be conducted prior to examinations being performed. The designation must
be in writing and may be in the form of a letter or via electronic means that specifies, by name,
those authorized to perform the vision examinations.

Investigated person: .......................................................................


Date of birth: .......................................................................

It is confirmed that the investigated person meets the visual acuity requirements accordance with
A1083.

 natural (without lens)/  ISHIHARA 24 Plate Test sufficient (max 3 missreadings)/


 corrected (with lens)/  ISHIHARA 24 Plate Test insufficient further action required/

Performed acuity test

 Jaeger Chart No. 1 in a distance of at least 30 cm (12")


Equivalency to the Jaeger 1:
 Parinaud Chart No. 1.5 in a distance of at least 37.5 cm ± 2,54 cm (15" ± 1")

 EN ISO 8596 with Landolt Rings as optotypes in a distance of at least 30 cm (12")

Distance in cm: ............... Used instrument:


 OCULUS Binoptometer 3
 other Instrument: ............................
Acuity grade (min 1.0 is required): ..............

 20/25 (Snellen) at 42 cm ± 2,54 cm (16" ± 1")

Date of the eye examination: .......................................

Signature: ....................................................................

FM0902628

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Qualification and Approval/Certification
A1083
of Personnel for Non-Destructive
Testing Issue: C

Appendix F.
Application for Agreement of Supplier's Responsible Level 3

Application for Agreement of Supplier's Responsible Level 3


Quality Responsible
Manager's Level 3's Name &
Name & Signature
Signature

Date Date

Company Name Responsible Level 3 Company

Address Address

Tel. No. Tel. No.

E-mail E-mail

Level 3 Certificate Numbers Approvals and Expiry Dates

UT RT ET MT PT Other
ASNT
PCN
EN 4179/
NAS 410
In accordance with the requirements of A1083, agreement is requested for our Responsible Level 3 in the following
methods and techniques.

Ultrasonic
Raw material, bar, billet, forgings and Carbon and/or glass
Aircraft structures
stampings fibre composites
Metallic bonded
Super plastic forming and diffusion bonding Other
structures

Radiography
Dense Dense
Aircraft structures Welds Castings
Light Light
Carbon and/or glass Super plastic forming and
Metallic bonded structures
fibre composites diffusion bonding

Eddy Current Testing


Static HFEC Static LFEC Dynamic Conductivity

Magnetic Flaw Detection Fluorescent Penetrant Inspection


* Please supply technical qualifications to support this application (Certification, Resume & Contract where
applicable)

© AIRBUS S.A.S. 2010. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY DOCUMENT. Printed Copies are not controlled. Confirm this is the latest issue available through the Portal.

FM1000682 Page 1 of 3

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Qualification and Approval/Certification
A1083
of Personnel for Non-Destructive
Testing Issue: C

Contributors
Name Function

ESQUERRE Yves Fuselage Programme Quality NDT Level 3 - TBKQ

Record of Revisions
Issue Date Reasons for Revision

A Oct 2009 Initial issue. Renumbering from AP5121 to A1083.


Reference to prEN 4179 was replaced with reference to
EN 4179 (also implementation was modified accordingly).
Applicability was extended to subcontractors and suppliers
because AP5121 is referenced in documents of type AITM.
A respective Appendix D was made. Appendix E is new.
B Mar 2010 Issue B Updated:
Addition of Responsible Level 3 (Airbus Operations GmbH,
S.A.S France and S.L Spain), and action result from NDT
NUCAP-Audit 134339 in Bremen and addition the Appendix
F Application for Agreement of Supplier's Responsible
Level 3.
C Apr 2010 Issue C Updated:
Appendix D - In respect of the required experience and
qualification time of the Responsible level 3.
Appendix E - Updated.

If you have a query concerning the implementation or updating of this document, please
contact the Owner on page 1

For general queries or information contact:


airbus.documentation-office@airbus.com

This document and all information contained herein is the sole property of AIRBUS S.A.S. No intellectual property
rights are granted by the delivery of this document or the disclosure of its content. This document shall not be
reproduced or disclosed to a third party without the express written consent of AIRBUS S.A.S. This document and
its content shall not be used for any purpose other than that for which it is supplied. The statements made herein do
not constitute an offer. They are based on the mentioned assumptions and are expressed in good faith. Where the
supporting grounds for these statements are not shown, AIRBUS S.A.S. will be pleased to explain the basis
thereof.

© AIRBUS S.A.S. 2010. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY DOCUMENT.

Printed Copies are not controlled. Confirm this is the latest issue available through the Portal.
Page 49 of 49
Electronically validated - Released on 30 Apr 2010
REFERENCE A1083
Validation Report
ISSUE C DATE 12 Avr 2010

Qualification and Approval/Certification of Personnel for Non-Destructive


Testing
Validation Report

AUTHORIZATION
Name [Siglum] Date
GRIFFITHS IAN [QYA] 29 Avr 2010 Electronically validated

AUTHORIZATION FOR APPLICATION


Name [Siglum] Date
ALBIAC-MURILLO PILAR [Q] 30 Avr 2010 Electronically validated

© AIRBUS S.A.S. 2007. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY DOCUMENT.

Electronically validated - Released on 30 Apr 2010

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