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3
Lam Duong
HISTORY
Majority carriers
• A P-N junction diode consists of a p-type
semiconductor (silicon) joined with an n-type p n
semiconductor.
• P-type – A semiconductor doped with impurities to
create positive charge carriers (holes). Depletion Region
Depletion Region
• the DIAC, Diode AC bi-directional switch is widely used with TRIACs to improve
operation of alternating current power switching systems.
• The DIAC is a full-wave or bi-directional semiconductor switch that can be
turned on in both forward and reverse polarities.
• The DIAC gains its name from the contraction of the words DIode Alternating
Current.
• The DIAC is widely used to assist even triggering of a TRIAC when used in AC
switches. DIACs are mainly used in dimmer applications and also in starter
circuits for florescent lamps
DIACS OPERATION
•5 layer device
•Region between MT1
and MT2 are parallel
switches (PNPN and
NPNP)
•Allows for positive or
negative gate triggering
TRIAC CHARACTERISTIC CURVE
TRIACS
Pros:
Better than a transistor as it has much better current surge rating –
it can handle more current as it simply turns on more
Inexpensive compared to relays
Cons:
Can't manually control turn-off with the gate; must turn off by
stopping current through the device via the terminals.
Specs to buy one:
Gate signal requirements
Voltage drop
Steady-state/holding current (continuously handle)
Peak current (maximum amount to handle surge)
TRIAC APPLICATIONS