In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful.
Alhamdulillah, all praises to Allah for providing me this opportunity and
granting me the capability to proceed successfully. This thesis appears in its current form due to the assistance and guidance of several people. It is to them that I owe my deepest gratitude. Therefore, I would like to offer my sincere thanks to all of them. Special appreciation goes to Prof. Mohammad Adnan Latief, M.A., Ph.D. who undertook to act as my first advisor despite his many other academic and professional commitments. His wisdom, knowledge, and commitment to the highest standards inspired and motivated me, and especially for his patience and guidance during the writing process. Dr. Suharmanto M.Pd, my second advisor, my cordial thanks for his supervision and constant support. His invaluable help of constructive comments, insightful discussion, and offering valuable advice during the whole period of the study that has contributed to the completion of this thesis. I would like to express my deep thanks to Prof. Dr. I Nyoman S. Degeng, M.Pd as the Head of Graduate Program of State University of Malang and his office staffs for their support and help, and co-operations towards my graduate affair. My acknowledgment also goes to all academic staffs for the meaningful learning which making my Graduate Program experience productive and stimulating. All of them have the excellent example and experience as an educator and a researcher. Not forgotten, the joy and enthusiasm Prof. Dr. Gunadi H. Sulistyo, M.A. as my expert validator, for his professional commitments, works, and unique personality were contagious and motivational for me. As my thesis examiner, your feedback and corrections come handy for the betterment of this thesis. Thanks to Prof. Dr. Punaji Setyosari, M.Pd, M.Ed for being my thesis examiner and providing valuable suggestions and corrections which can help this thesis to be better. I greatly appreciate Dra. Furaidah, M.A. and her fifth semester students for the valuable contribution to my thesis data collection. I would also express my x thanks to the fifth semester students of the English Department in Brawijaya University for helping me in the tryout process. My special gratitude also goes to Prof. Dr. Hasnawi Haris, M.Hum who has given valuable suggestions, guidance, help, and overall supports during my study. The Charmingers, thank you for providing a good atmosphere in our classroom and for useful discussions. The group has been a source of friendships as well as good advice and collaboration. To my Charming Captain Ever, Arien, thanks for your assistance and being the kind-hearted one to give me a hand and some brotherly advice during the study. Satrio, words cannot express my thanks to you, for your companion and help during the tryout process. For Sukma, Eli, Retno, Sovi, and Echi thank you for all the memories and friendship. I cannot finish without thanking my all family and my loved-one. My deepest gratitude goes to my beloved parents, Ayah Muhammad Anshar Malik and Mama Sahriani for their material and spiritual support in all aspects of my life. Your encouragement, wisdom, and guidance teach me to be a strong-willed and a resilient person. My deep gratitude also goes to Ambo Akib and Indo Lingka for demonstrating untiring faith, utmost support, and steadfast love in every single step I take. I also would like to thank my sisters; Rina, who has decided to be my roommate during the last year of my study and joined me to enjoy the ups and downs to be a “johnny-come-latelies” in this city, and Fira who always shares her joy and belly laugh by phone and Skype. My little fairy, Ayra, as the newcomer in my life, whose existence always successfully creates a life-affirming scene in my life. Your nice smile is like a life-support system for me. Also not forgetting my loved-one, Andi Taufiq Hidayat, without your care, encouragements, and supports with continuous prayers I could not have passed this level. I believe you are heaven-sent. To those who indirectly contributed in this study, your kindness means a lot to me. Thank you very much.