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Ref: V. L. Pisacane and R. C. Moore, Fundamentals of Space Systems Oxford University Press, 1994
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Asteroids
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus Neptune
Pluto
ε = emissivity
UNIVERSITY OF Thermal Analysis and Design
MARYLAND 13
ENAE 483/788D - Principles of Space Systems Design
Non-Ideal Radiative Heat Transfer
• Full form of the Stefan-Boltzmann equation
Prad = εσ A(T − Tenv )
4 4
⎛ ⎞ 1 4
⎜ ⎟
200W
Pint = εσArad (T 4 − Tenv
4
) ⇒ T = ⎜⎜ ⎛ W ⎞ + (280°K) 4 ⎟
⎟ = 384°K
4 ⎟(
⎜⎜ 0.8⎜ 5.67 ×10−8
2
0.2827m )
2 ⎟⎟
⎝ ⎝ m °K ⎠ ⎠
• LEO cargo bay with sun
1
⎛ I α A + P ⎞ 4
Isα As + Pint = εσArad (T − T ) ⇒ T = ⎜⎜
4 4s
env
s int 4
+ Tenv ⎟⎟ = 391°K
⎝ εσArad ⎠
✏mylar = 0.03
where
α∆t k
d= α= = thermal diffusivity
∆x2 ρCv
• For solution stability,
∆x2
∆t <
2α
UNIVERSITY OF Thermal Analysis and Design
MARYLAND 29
ENAE 483/788D - Principles of Space Systems Design
Heat Pipe Schematic
⇤ ⇥⌅ 14
1 Qinternal + Qsolar 1
Trad = + nrad Awall Tmoon
4
Adome + nrad Apanel ⇥ 2