Adavanced Quantum Mechanics with Applications/Assignment-1/SBasu

1. Obtain the relationship between group and phase velocities for (i) a free non-relativitsic
particle and (ii) a relativitsic particle.
2. Expand the commutation relations given by,
~ ×L
L ~ = ih̄L
~

in terms of its components.

3. A particle is trapped in an infinite potential well in one dimension of width L. If
the particle is in the ground state, evaluate the probability to find the particle in the
interval (a) [0, L/3], (b) [L/3, 2L/3] and (c) [2L/3, L].
4. In the last problem what would be the frequency of the photon to excite this particle
from ground state to the first excited state?
5. Again consider a one dimensional infinite potential well of width L. The wavefunction
is given by,
ψ(x, 0) = 3u1 (x) + 4u2 (x)
where u1 and u2 are normalized wavefunctions of the ground state and the first excited
state.
(a) Normalize ψ.
(b) Find the average energy and momentum of the particle.
(c) Write down ψ(x, t).
(d) Find the probability of finding the particle in the interval [0, L/2] at two different
times, say, t = (h̄/3E1 )π/2 and t = (h̄/3E1 )π.
6. Consider an infinite potential well of width 2a as shown in Fig. 1. The wavefunction
of a particle of mass m trapped inside is found to be of the form,
 
πx 3πx 1 3πx
ψ(x) = C cos + sin + cos inside the well
2a a 4 2a
= 0 outside the well

(a) Calculate C.
(b) Since the given wavefunction is a linear combination of three eigenfunctions (cosine
solutions are perfectly acceptable in symmetric potential wells), what are the possible
energy values that may be obtained, if a measurement is done. Express your answers
in terms of m, h̄ and a.
(c) What is the ratio of the probabilities of obtaining the energies in part (b).
7. Consider a potential energy function of the form,
V (x) = ∞ for x<0
= −V0 for 0 < x < a
= 0 for x>0
 Write down the boundary conditions and wavefunctions in different regions.

8. Find the zero point energy of a linear harmonic oscillator in one dimension using
uncertainty principle.

9. The first excited state of a particle in a simple harmonic is given as,

1 2 2
ψ1 (x) = √ α3/2 xe−α x /2
2 π

where m is the mass, ω is the angular frequency of the particle and α2 = mω/h̄.
Obtain the uncertainty, relation i.e. find the product ∆x∆p for this state.
Useful integral:

dn/2
r 
π
Z ∞
n −βx2 n/2
x e dx = (−1) for n to be even
−∞ dβ n/2 β

10. An electron is in the second excited state (n = 3) of the hydrogen atom.

(a) What is the energy of the electron in eV ?
(b) How many wavefunctions correspond to this energy? List all of them in terms of
the quantum numbers n, l and m.
(c) What is the ionization energy of this state (i.e. second excited state)?
(d) What is the frequency, ν of radiation that can excite the electron from second to
third excited state?
Given:
1eV = 1.6 × 10−19 J, h = 6.63 × 10−34 Js

V =α V =α

−a a
Fig. 1