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Dramatis personae
A. How do we choose “model organisms”?
B. Climate change and the tropics.
http://tolweb.org/tree/phylogeny.html
I. Dramatis personae
A. How do we choose “model organisms”?
B. Climate change and the tropics.
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginella sp.
Hugh Wilson
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiidae - Next to the flowering
plants, the leptosporangiate ferns are the most
diverse group of living land plants. Recent
estimates place their diversity at about 12,000
species in 300 genera. The earliest known
occurrence of leptosporangiate ferns is in the
Lower Carboniferous.
Cyatheales – tree ferns (e.g., Cyatheaceae)
Cyathea percrassa (common in PNG)
© M. Fagg Hymenophyllum flabellatum
(higher elevation)
Cycadaceae
Gnetaceae
Welwitschia mirabilis
MONOCOTS
•Herbs
•Aerial roots often
present
•Leaves alternate, simple
•Flowers small, densely
congested into spadix,
subtended by a leaflike
spathe
Colocasia affinis jenningsii Alocasia odora
© Joe Wright C. Koch
Sauromatum guttatum
•Herbs, often epiphytic
•Usually with rosette
growth form
•Leaves alternate, simple,
margins often spiny
•Inflorescences frequently
showy and bracteate
•Mostly neotropical;
terrestrial xeromorphic to
stemless epiphytic
•Stems modified as
pseudobulbs
•Flowers impressively
variable; one petal
modified into a lip
(Arecaceae)
•Stipules
Cecropia obtusifolia
Castilla elastica
Cactaceae
•spines
•superficial roots
•vascular system forms
hollow cylindrical
Lophophora williamsii
skeleton
Cactaceae
Lophophora williamsii
Euphorbiaceae