SUPREME COURT

Original
• petitions for the issuance of writs of certiorari, prohibition and mandamus as defined in Rule 65 against the
following: the CA, the COMELEC, COA, Sandiganbayan, Central Board of Assessment Appeals, NLRC or the
Secretary of Labor under the Labor Code.

Concurrent Original {take note of rule on hierarchy of courts}

• With RTC
o Exercise original jurisdiction over cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and
consuls
• With CA
o petitions for the issuance of writs of certiorari, prohibition, mandamus against the following: the
SEC, the CSC, the different boards, tribunals or agencies which replaced the old Public Service
Commission (e.g. LTFRB). Also, issuance of writ of certiorari against the RTC and other
quasijudicial agencies, courts, instrumentalities and commissions.
o Petition for a Writ of Kalikasan
• With CA & RTC
o those involving habeas corpus, quo warranto, and writs of certiorari, prohibition, and mandamus
against inferior courts and bodies.
• With Sandiganbayan
o with the advent of the new law (RA 8249), there is now a CONCURRENCE between the SC and
the Sandiganbayan in so far as petitions for certiorari, prohibition, mandamus, habeas corpus,
injunction and other ancillary writs in aid of the Sandiganbayan's APPELLATE JURISDICTION.
• With RTC, CA, & Sandiganbayan
o Petitions for writ of Amparo
o Petitions for Writ of Habeas Data

Appellate
• {Consti}Art8 Sec5 Review, revise, reverse, modify, or affirm on appeal or certiorari, as the law or the
Rules of Court may provide, final judgments and orders of lower courts in:
a)All cases in which the constitutionality or validity of any treaty, international or
executive agreement, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance, or
regulation is in question.
b)All cases involving the legality of any tax, impost, assessment, or toll, or any penalty
imposed in relation thereto.
c)All cases in which the jurisdiction of any lower court is in issue.
d)All criminal cases in which the penalty imposed is reclusion perpetua or higher.
e)All cases in which an error or question of law is involved.
• By way of APPEAL BY CERTIORARI (Rule 45), against the:
a. Court of Appeals;
b. SandiganBayan;
c. RTC on pure question of law;
d. In cases involving the constitutionality or validity of a law or treaty, international agreement or executive
agreement, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction, ordinance or regulation, legality of a tax,
impost, assessment, toll or penalty, jurisdiction of a lower court (Section. 5, Article VIII, Constitution)
e. CTA en banc.

Other Consti Provisions dealing with SC's jurisdiction

• (Only COMELEC AND COA. CSC now with CA) “Each Commission shall decide by a majority
vote x x x. Unless otherwise provided by this Constitution or by law, any decision, order, or ruling of each
Commission may be brought to the Supreme Court on certiorari by the aggrieved party within thirty days
from receipt of a copy thereof.”
• (Commander-in-chief clause) “The Supreme Court may review, in an appropriate proceeding filed
by any citizen, the sufficiency of the factual basis of the proclamation of martial law or the suspension of the
 privilege of the writ or extension thereof, and must promulgate its decision thereon within thirty days from
its filing.”
COURT OF APPEALS

Exclusive Original
• BP 129. “Exclusive” jurisdiction over actions for annulment of judgments of Regional
Trial Courts;

Concurrent Original
• BP 129. With SC & RTC
o Original jurisdiction to issue writs of mandamus, prohibition, certiorari, habeas
corpus, and quo warranto, and auxiliary writs or processes whether or not in aid of its
appellate jurisdiction.
• With SC
o Petitions for certiorari, prohibition, or mandamus against the RTC;
o Petitions for a Writ of Kalikasan;
o Petitions for certiorari, prohibition, or mandamus against the NLRC (but according to
St. Martin Funeral Homes vs. CA, (G.R. No. 130886) case, the petition should be
filed with the CA instead of the SUPREME COURT
• With SC, RTC, & Sandiganbayan
o Petitions for a Writ of Amparo;
o Petitions for a Writ of Habeas Data;

Appellate
• BP 129. Exclusive appellate jurisdiction over all final judgments, decisions, resolutions,
orders or awards of the RTCs and quasi-judicial agencies, instrumentalities, boards or
commissions, including the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Social Security
Commission, the Employees Compensation Commission and the Civil Service Commission,
except those falling within the appellate jurisdiction of the SC in accordance with the
Constitution, the Labor Code of the Philippines under PD 442, as amended, the provisions of
this Act, and of subparagraph (1) of the third paragraph and subparagraph (4) of the fourth
paragraph of Sec. 17 of the Judiciary Act of 1948.
• By way of ORDINARY APPEAL from the RTC and the FAMILY COURTS;
• By way of PETITION FOR REVIEW from the RTC rendered in the exercise of its appellate
jurisdiction;
• By way of PETITION FOR REVIEW from the decisions, resolutions, orders or awards of
the:
a. Civil service commission;
b. Office of the Ombudsman in administrative disciplinary cases;
c. Other bodies mentioned in Rule 43;
• EXCLUSIVE appellate jurisdiction over decisions of the MTC’s in cadastral or land
registration cases pursuant to its delegated jurisdiction
 REGIONAL TRIAL COURTS – BP 129

Exclusive Original
• Sec19.
[1] In all civil actions in which the subject of the litigation is incapable of pecuniary estimation.
!!!The basic issue in an action incapable of pecuniary estimation is one other than the recovery of money. In this
kind of action, the money claim is merely incidental.
!!! Annulment of judgment of the RTC is also an action which is incapable of pecuniary estimation but is
cognizable by the CA by express mandate of BP 129. In other words, all actions which are incapable of pecuniary
estimation is cognizable by the RTC except annulment of judgment of the RTC.
[2] In all civil actions which involve the title to, or possession of, real property or any interest therein, where
the assessed value of the property involved exceeds P20,000 or for civil actions in Metro Manila, where such value
exceeds P50,000 except actions for forcible entry into and unlawful detainer of lands and buildings; original
jurisdiction over which is conferred upon the Metropolitan Trial Courts, Municipal Circuit Trial Courts;
[3] In all civil actions in admiralty and maritime jurisdiction where the demand or claim P300,000 or, in Metro
Manila, where such demand or claim exceeds PhP 400,000;
[4] In all matters of probate, both estate and intestate, where the gross value of the estate exceeds P300,000 or, in
probate matters in Metro Manila, where such gross value exceeds P400,000;
[6] In all cases not within the exclusive jurisdiction of any court, tribunal, person or body exercising judicial or
quasi-judicial functions <CATCH-ALL PROVISION>
[7] In all civil actions and special proceedings falling within the exclusive original jurisdiction of a Juvenile and
Domestic Relations Court and of the Court of Agrarian Relations as now provided by law;
[8] In all cases in which the demand, exclusive of interest, damages of whatever kind, attorney’s fees, litigation
expenses, and costs or the value of the property in controversy exceeds P300,000 or, in such other cases in Metro
Manila, where the demand, exclusive of the above-mentioned items P400,000
• Actions involving personal property - value exceeds 300k (outside MM) or 400k (in MM). Value is determined
upon the ALLEGATIONS in the complaint
• Under Sec. 5.2 of the Securities and Regulations Code to hear and decide devices or schemes employed by or any
acts of the board of directors, business associates, its officers or partnership, amounting to fraud and misrepresentation;
Intra-corporate controversies; Controversies in the elections or appointments of directors, trustees, officers or managers or
corporations, partnerships or associations; Petitions of corporations, partnerships or association to be declared in the state
of suspension of payments.

Concurrent Original
• With SC & CA. But writs issued by RTCs can only be enforced in their respective regions
o Sec21. [1] In the issuance of writs of certiorari, prohibition, mandamus, quo warranto, habeas corpus, and
injunction which may be enforced in any part of their respective regions;
• With SC
o Sec21. [2] In actions affecting ambassadors and other public ministers and consuls.
• With SC, CA, & Sandiganbayan
o Petitions for a Writ of Amparo;
o Petitions for a Writ of Habeas Data;

Appellate
• Sec. 22. Appellate jurisdiction. - Regional Trial Courts shall exercise appellate jurisdiction over all cases
decided by MetTCs, MTCs and MCTCs in their respective territorial jurisdictions. Such cases shall be decided on
the basis of the entire record of the proceedings had in the court of origin and such memoranda and/or briefs as may
be submitted by the parties or required by the RTCs. The decision of the RTCs in such cases shall be appealable by
petition for review to the CA which may give it due course only when the petition show prima facie that the lower
court has committed an error of fact or law that will warrant a reversal or modification of the decision or judgment
sought to be reviewed
!!! All cases decided by the LOWER COURTS in their respective territorial jurisdiction except decisions of lower
courts in the exercise of delegated jurisdiction.

Special
• SC may designate certain branches of RTC to try exclusively criminal cases, juvenile and domestic relations cases,
agrarian cases, urban land reform cases not falling within the jurisdiction of any quasi judicial body and other special cases
in the interest of justice.

MUNICIPAL TRIAL COURTS

Exclusive Original
• Sec33. (1)Exclusive original jurisdiction over civil actions and probate proceedings, testate and intestate, including
the grant of provisional remedies in proper cases, where the value of the personal property, estate, or amount of the demand
does not exceed P300,000 or, in Metro Manila where such personal property, estate, or amount of the demand does not exceed
P400,000, exclusive of interest, damages of whatever kind, attorney's fees, litigation expenses, and costs, the amount of which
must be specifically alleged: Provided, That interest, damages of whatever kind, attorney's fees, litigation expenses, and costs
shall be included in the determination of the filing fees: Provided further, That where there are several claims or causes of
actions between the same or different parties, embodied in the same complaint, the amount of the demand shall be the totality
of the claims in all the causes of action, irrespective of whether the causes of action arose out of the same or different
transactions. <TOTALITY RULE> (in MM, not exceeding 400k. Outside MM, not exceeding 300k)
[2]Exclusive original jurisdiction over cases of forcible entry and unlawful detainer: Provided, That when, in such cases, the
defendant raises the question of ownership in his pleadings and the question of possession cannot be resolved without deciding
the issue of ownership, the issue of ownership shall be resolved only to determine the issue of possession. x x x x”
[3] Exclusive original jurisdiction in all civil actions which involve title to, or possession of, real property or any interest therein
where the assessed value of the property or interest therein does not exceed Twenty thousand pesos (P20,000.00) or, in civil
actions in Metro Manila, where such assessed value does not exceed Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) exclusive of interest,
damages of whatever kind, attorney's fees, litigation expenses and costs: Provided, That in cases of land not declared for tax
purposes, the value of such property shall be determined by the assessed value of the adjacent lots. (As amended by RA 7691)

!!!SUMMARY:
* If the gross value, claim, or demand DOES NOT EXCEEDS P300,000 (Outside Metro Manila), or DOES NOT EXCEED P400,000
(Manila):
1. Actions involving personal property;
2. Admiralty and maritime cases;
3. Probate proceedings (testate or intestate) depending on the gross value of the estate;
4. Demand for money;

5. Actions involving title to or possession of real property, or any interest therein depending on the assessed value. -If the ASSESSED
VALUE or Interest in the Real Property DOES NOT EXCEED P20,000 (outside Metro Manila), or DOES NOT EXCEED P50,000
(Metro Manila)
6. Inclusion and exclusion of voters
7. Those covered by the Rules on Summary Procedure;
8. Forcible entry and Unlawful detainer
• With jurisdiction to resolve issue of ownership to determine only the issue of possession;
• Irrespective of the amount of damages or unpaid rentals sought to be recovered;
• Where attorney’s fees are awarded, the same shall NOT exceed P20,000.
9. Other civil cases, except probate proceedings, where the total amount of the plaintiff’s claim DOES NOT EXCEED P100, 000 or
DOES NOT EXCEED P200,000 in Metro Manila, exclusive of interest and cost.
Note: Exclusive of Interest, Damages, of whatever kind, Attorney’s fees, Litigation Expenses, and Cost (Code: IDALEC), the amount of
which must be specifically alleged but the filing fees thereon shall be paid.
Note: The exclusion of the term “damages of whatever kind” applies to cases where the damages are merely incidental to or a
consequence of the main cause of action. However, in cases where the claim for damages is the main cause of action, or one of the
causes of action, the amount of such claim shall be considered in determining the jurisdiction of the court.

• Criminal cases - not exceeding 6yrs imprisonment

Delegated
• Sec. 34.Delegated Jurisdiction in Cadastral and Land Registration Cases. - MetTCs, MTCs and MCTCs may be assigned
by the Supreme Court to hear and determine cadastral or land registration cases covering lots where there is no controversy or
opposition, or contested lots where the value of which does not exceed One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00), such value
to be ascertained by the affidavit of the claimant or by agreement of the respective claimants if there are more than one, or
from the corresponding tax declarations of the real property. Their decisions in these cases shall be appealable in the same
manner as decisions of the RTCs. (As amended by RA 7691)

Special
• Sec. 35.Special jurisdiction in certain cases. - In the absence of all the Regional Trial Judges in a province or city, any
Metropolitan Trial Judge, Municipal Trial Judge, Municipal Circuit Trial Judge may hear and decide petitions for a writ of
habeas corpus or applications for bail in criminal cases in the province or city where the absent Regional Trial Judges sit.
 Appellate -> NONE bcos no more lower court than MTC

FAMILY COURT

Exclusive Original
• BP 129 Sec19 [5] In all actions involving the contract of marriage and marital relations
• RA 8369
o Petitions for guardianship, custody of children, habeas corpus involving children (but the SC
and the CA have not been deprived of their original jurisdiction);
o Petitions for adoption of children and the revocation thereof;
o Complaints for annulment and declaration of nullity of marriage, matter relating to marital
status and property relations of husband and wife or those living together under different
status or agreement, and petitions for dissolution of conjugal partnership of gains;
o Support and/or acknowledgment;
o Summary judicial proceedings under the Family Code;
o Petition for declaration of status of children, voluntary or involuntary commitment
ofchildren, matter relating to parental authority and other cases cognizable under PD 603,E0
56 (SERIES OF 1996) and other related laws. Under the Family Code, the family home is
deemed constituted, hence, no need for its constitution.
o Special Provisional Remedies:
a. In cases of violence among the family members living in the same domicile or household,
the Family Court may issue a restraining order against the accused or defendant upon verified
application by the complaint or the victim for relief from abuse.
b. The court may order the temporary custody of children in all civil actions for their custody,
support pendente lite, including deduction from the salary, and use of conjugal home and
other properties in all civil actions for support.