18 Trigonometry II

Paper 1 5. y

1. sin r = y-coordinate
= 0.6428 y°
x°
x
Answer: B O

sin y° = sin (180° − y°)

2. sin p = y-coordinate
= sin x°
= 0.866
= p
cos p = x-coordinate
Answer: A
= −0.5
y-coordinate
tan p = ––––––––––– 6. y
x-coordinate
0.866
= ––––– y°
– 0.5 x
= −1.732 x° O

Answer: A
cos y° = −cos (y° − 180°)
3. sin t = y-coordinate = −cos x°
= −0.9659 = −t
cos t = x-coordinate Answer: C
= −0.2588
y-coordinate 7. y
tan t = –––––––––––
x-coordinate
180° + x°
– 0.9659
= ––––––––
– 0.2588 x° O
x

= 3.732
Answer: D
sin (180° + x°) = −sin x°
= −q
4. sin θ = y-coordinate
= −0.9903 Answer: B

cos θ = x-coordinate
= 0.1392 8. y

y-coordinate
tan θ = –––––––––––
x-coordinate O x°
x

– 0.9903 360° – x °
= ––––––––
 0.1392
tan (360° − x°) = −tan x°
= −7.114
= −p
Answer: C
Answer: B

1 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

   Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18

9. y y 15. tan 0° = 0 y
tan 90° = ∞
θ tan 180° = 0
θ x x tan 270° = ∞ 0
x
O O 90° 180° 270° 360°
tan 360° = 0
Answer: B
Answer: D

10. y y

θ θ
x x
O Paper 1
O

1. S
Answer: B
5 cm 4 cm
11. y y
3 cm T
R U
θ θ 12 cm
x x
O O 5 cm
13 cm

sin θ < 0 cos θ < 0

Q θ
Answer: C

12. y y
P

ST
sin ∠SRT =
O
x
O
x RS
θ θ 4 4
=
cos θ > 0 tan θ < 0
5 RS
RS = 5 cm
Answer: A RT = 52 − 42
= 3 cm
13. sin 0° = 0 y RU = 4 × 3
sin 90° = 1 = 12 cm
sin 180° = 0 1
QR = 13 − 12
2 2
sin 270° = −1 x
0
sin 360° = 0 90° 180° 270° 360° = 5 cm
–1
tan q = −tan ∠RQU
Answer: A RU
= −
QR
12
14. cos 0° = 1 = −
y 5
cos 90° = 0
cos 180° = −1 1 Answer: D
cos 270° = 0 x
0
cos 360° = 1 90° 180° 270° 360°
–1

Answer: D

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 2

  Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18 

2. y = cos x 6. y = −sin x
cos 0° = 1 When x = 360°, y = −sin 360°
cos 180° = −1 =0
cos 360° = 1
Answer: D
y

1
7. P Q R
x
0 180° 360° y°
–1
25 cm
x°
Answer: D
S
PQ
3. sin x° = ––––
y PS
PQ 4
Q(–4, 3) 3
–––– = ––
25 5
y° 4
P PQ = –– × 25
–4 O
x 5
= 20 cm
OQ2 = PQ2 + PO2
QS 
2
= SP2 − PQ2
OQ = 32 + 42
QS = 25 − 20
2 2
= 5 units
= 15 cm
sin y° = sin ∠POQ
PQ QS
tan y° = ––––
= ––––
OQ QR
3 15 15
= –– –––– = –––
5 QR 8
Answer: C QR = 8 cm

Hence, PQR = 20 + 8
= 28 cm
4. sin 225° = cos 225°
= −0.7071 Answer: B

Answer: C
8.
y
5.
R r° 15 cm S 12 x
Q O
x° 5
13
8 cm

P
tan x° = –tan (360° – x°)
PQ = PS + QS
= – 5
2 2 2

PQ = 82 + 152 12
= 17 cm Answer: B
cos r° = −cos ∠PQS
QS
= − ––––
PQ
15
= – –––
17
Answer: C

3 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

   Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18

9. y = tan 2x 13. y = sin 2x

tan 0° = 0 sin 0° = 0
tan 2(45°) = tan 90° sin 2(45°) = sin 90° = 1
=∞ sin 2(90°) = sin 180° = 0
y sin 2(270°) = sin 540° = 0
y
x 1
0 45°

x
0 90° 180° 270° 360°

Answer: C –1

10. cos p° = x-coordinate Answer: A

= 0.26
sin q° = y-coordinate
= 0.50 14.
T S
cos p° + sin q° = 0.26 + 0.50
= 0.76
15 17
Answer: B
P 8 Q R
11. y

θ
x PQ = 172 – 152
62°55 = 8
O
cos ∠RST = cos ∠TQR
= –cos ∠PQT
cos θ = − 0.4552
θ = 180° + 62°55′ = – 8
17
= 242°55′
Answer: D
Answer: B

12. 15. y = tan x

F
5 cm
tan 0° = 0
G tan 90° = ∞
12 cm
θ
tan 180° = 0
H y
E

EG 2 = EF 2 + FG2 0

x
90° 180°
EG = 122 + 52
= 13 cm
cos θ = −cos ∠EGF Answer: B
FG
= − ––––
EG
5
= − –––
13
Answer: C

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 4

  Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18 

16. P 19. y = cos x

cos 0° = 1
15 m cos 90° = 0
cos 180° = −1

Q 12 m R S y
1
cos ∠PRS = –cos ∠PRQ x
0 90° 180°
4 12
– = –
5 PR –1

PR = 15 m
Answer: B
PQ2 = 152 – 122
PQ =  225 – 144
= 9 m
Answer: D

Paper 1
17.
S
1. y y

R 10 cm
13 cm x° 70°
x x
O O
70°
Q P

RP = 5 cm
cos x° = 0.3420
PQ2 = QR2 − RP 2
x° = 70°, (360° − 70°)
PQ = 132 – 52 x = 70, 290
= 12 cm
PQ Answer: C
sin x° = ––––
QR
2. y y
12
= –––
13
Answer: C x
O
x
56° 56°
O

18. sin x° = −0.8290

S
x° = (180° + 56°), (360° − 56°)
cm x = 236, 304
17
y°
Answer: A
P R
15 cm Q 15 cm
3. y y
RS = QS − QR
2 2 2

RS = 172 − 152
= 8 cm 57°
x x
O O
57°
tan y° = −tan ∠SQR
RS
= − ––––
QR tan q° = −1.540
8 q° = (180° − 57°), (360° − 57°)
= − –––
15 q = 123, 303
Answer: C Answer: A

5 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

   Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18

4. y y 8. R

Q y°
25° x x
O O 25° 60°

tan y° = −0.4663 P S
y° = (180° − 25°), (360° − 25°) cos y° = − cos 60°
y = 155, 335 = − 0.5
Answer: D Answer: C

5. y y 9. T

x x
27° O O 27° 12 cm

y°
sin y° = −sin 27° P 5 cm R S
y° = (180° + 27°), (360° − 27°)
y = 207, 333 TR2 = TP2 + PR2
Answer: D TR = 122 + 52
= 13 cm
sin y° = sin ∠PRT
6. y y
TP
= ––––
TR
45° 12
x x = –––
O O 45° 13
Answer: D
sin p° = − cos p°
p° = (180° − 45°), (360° − 45°)
p = 135, 315 10.
J
Answer: C
110°
m°
35°
F G H
7. y y

180° − 110°
∠JGH = –––––––––––
60°
x x 2
O
O 60° = 35°
tan m° = −tan 35°
cos t ° = sin 150° = −0.700
= sin 30° Answer: A
= 0.5
t° = 60°, (360° − 60°)
t = 60, 300
Answer: B

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 6

  Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18 

11. 13. H
L

6 cm 6 cm
4c
m
30° x° y°
G
M N P

E 4 cm F
LM
sin ∠LNM = ––––
LN EF
LM tan ∠EHF = ––––
sin 30° = –––– FH
4 4 4
LM = 4 sin 30° –––– = ––
FH 9
= 4 × 0.5 FH = 9 cm
= 2 cm FG = 9 − 6
LM = 3 cm
sin x° = ––––
LP
EG2 = FG2 + EF2
2
= –– EG = 32 + 42
6
1 = 5 cm
= ––
3 cos y° = − cos ∠EGF
FG
Answer: B = − ––––
EG
3
12. = − ––
Q
5
Answer: B
6 cm
r°
14. L
M N 10 cm P

1
cos r° = − –– 5 cm
2
1
cos ∠QNM = ––
2 H 3 cm J 5 cm K
MN 1
–––– = ––
QN 2 Using Pythagoras’ triple,
1 LH = 4 cm
MN = –– × 6
2
sin ∠LJK = sin ∠LJH
= 3 cm
LH
= ––––
QM 
2
= QN 2 − MN2 LJ
= 62 − 32 4
= 27 = ––
5
PQ2 = QM 2 + PM2 Answer: B
= 27 + 132
= 196
PQ = 196
= 14 cm
Answer: B

7 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

   Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18

15. T 18. P

13 cm
135° 10 cm
45°
P Q 5 cm R S
Q

TQ = 5 cm
PQ2 = PT 2 − QT 2 T 8 cm R
PQ = 132 – 52
= 12 cm TR
cos ∠PTR = ––––
PT
Hence, PQR = 12 + 5
8 8
= 17 cm –––– = –––
PT 17
Answer: C PT = 17 cm
PR2 = PT 2 − TR2
PR = 172 – 82
16. = 15 cm
T
Hence, QR = 15 − 10
= 5 cm
120° 60° Answer: B
P Q 8 cm R

QT
cos ∠TQR = –––– 19.
QR R
QT
cos 60° = ––––
8
QT = 8 × cos 60° 15 cm
= 8 × 0.5
= 4 cm
Q y°
4 cm
Answer: B x°
T
P U

PQ
17. tan x° = ––––
S QT
4 1
–––– = ––
9 cm QT 2
QT = 2 × 4
P 15 cm Q R = 8 cm

PS2 = PQ2 − QS2 RT 

2
= RQ2 + QT2
PS = 152 – 92 RT = 152 + 82
= 12 cm = 17 cm
tan ∠RQS = −tan ∠PQS cos y° = −cos ∠QTR
PS QT
= − –––– = − ––––
QS RT
12 8
= − ––– = − –––
9 17
4 Answer: A
= − ––
3
Answer: D

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 8

  Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18 

20. S 22. Q

26 cm

R m°
R
P T
n°

S
P 9 cm Q

QR
sin m° = ––––
PQ
PQ
cos ∠QPS = –––– QR 5
PS –––– = –––
26 13
9 3
–––– = –– 5
PS 5 QR = ––– × 26
13
5 ×9
PS = ––––– = 10 cm
3
= 15 cm PR2 = PQ2 − QR2
QS2 = PS2 − PQ2 PR = 262 − 102

= 24 cm
QS = 152 – 92
24
= 12 cm TR = –––
2
12 = 12 cm
Hence, QR = –––
2
= 6 cm TR
tan n° = ––––
RS
Answer: D 12
–––– = 2
RS
21. 12
H RS = –––
2
G m°
= 6 cm
Hence, QRS = 10 + 6
= 16 cm
Answer: C
F 8 cm E
23. y = −cos x
FG −cos 0° = −1
tan ∠FEG = ––––
FE −cos 90° = 0
FG 15 −cos 180° = 1
–––– = –––
8 8 –cos 270° = 0
FG = 15 cm −cos 360° = −1
EG2 = FG 2 + FE 2 y
EG = 152 + 82
= 17 cm 1
x
cos m° = − cos ∠EGF 0 180° 360°
FG –1
= − ––––
EG
15
= − ––– Answer: B
17
Answer: D

9 © Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

   Mathematics  SPM  Chapter 18

x 26. y = tan 2x
24. y = sin ––
2 tan 0° = 0
0° tan 2(45°) = tan 90° = ∞
21 2
sin ––– = 0 tan 2(90°) = tan 180° = 0
90°
1 2
sin –––– = 0.707
2
y

180°
1 2 2
sin –––– = 1
0 x
45° 90°
y

1
x Answer: A
0 90° 180°
–1
27. sin 45° = cos 45° = 0.7071
sin 225° = cos 225° = −0.7071
Answer: C
Answer: B

25. y = sin 3x
sin (0°) = 0 28. sin 0° = 0
sin 3(30°) = sin 90° = 1 sin 3(90°) = sin 270° = −1
sin 3(60°) = sin 180° = 0 sin 3(180°) = sin 540° = 0
sin 3(90°) = sin 270° = −1 Hence, y = sin 3x
sin 3(120°) = sin 360° = 0
Answer: D
y

1
29. y = cos 2θ
y = cos 2(135°)
x
0 60° 120° = cos 270°
–1 =0
Answer: A
Answer: D

© Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd. 10