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Typhoon Mangkhut

Typhoon Mangkhut,[nb 1] known in the Philippines as Typhoon Ompong, is


Super Typhoon Mangkhut
known as the strongest typhoon to strike Luzon since Megi in 2010, and also
(Ompong)
the strongest typhoon to make landfall in the Philippines since Typhoon
Haiyan in November 2013.[2] The thirty-first tropical depression, twenty- Typhoon (JMA scale)
second tropical storm, and ninth typhoon of the 2018 Pacific typhoon season, Category 5 (Saffir–Simpson scale)
Mangkhut made landfall in the Philippine province of Cagayan on September
15, 2018 as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon, and subsequently
impacted Hong Kong and southern China.[3] As of September 2018,
Mangkhut was also the strongesttropical cyclone worldwide in 2018.

As of September 18, at least 79 fatalities have been attributed to Mangkhut,


including 74 in the Philippines,[4][5] 4 in mainland China,[6][7] and 1 in
Taiwan.[8]

Contents
Meteorological history
Preparations
Philippines
Hong Kong
Mainland China
Impact
Typhoon Mangkhut at peak intensity on
Guam
September 12
Philippines
Taiwan Formed September 7, 2018
Hong Kong Dissipated September 17, 2018
Macau
Highest winds 10-minute sustained:
Mainland China
Guangdong Province 205 km/h (125 mph)
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 1-minute sustained:

See also
285 km/h (180 mph)
Lowest pressure 905 hPa (mbar); 26.72
Notes
inHg
References
External links Fatalities 79 total
Damage Unknown
Areas affected Mariana Islands,
Meteorological history Philippines, Taiwan,
Hong Kong, Macau,
On September 5, 2018, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began
South China, Vietnam
monitoring a tropical disturbance near the International Dateline.[9] Steady
Part of the 2018 Pacific typhoon season
development ensued over the following days, and the Japan Meteorological
Agency (JMA) classified the system as a tropical depression on September
7.[10] The depression soon intensified into a tropical storm, upon which it received the name Mangkhut.[11] Throughout September 8
and 9, the system underwent rapid intensification. Tight banding features wrapped around a developing eye feature. Favorable
environmental conditions, including low wind shear, ample outflow aloft, high sea surface temperatures, and high ocean heat
[12] [13]
content.[12] Mangkhut achieved typhoon strength on September 9.[13] A well-
defined 18 km (11 mi) eye became evident on satellite imagery as the typhoon
approached the Northern Mariana Islands and Guam. The JTWC analyzed
Mangkhut as a Category 2-equivalent typhoon with one-minute sustained winds of
165 km/h (105 mph) as it tracked nearRota around 12:00 UTC on September 10.[14]
The JMA assessed ten-minute sustained winds to be 155 km/h (100 mph) at this
time.[15]
Map plotting the track and the
Substantial intensification ensued
intensity of the storm, according to
the Saffir–Simpson scale on September 11, as Mangkhut
traversed the Philippine Sea. A
second bout of rapid intensification
took place as the storm consolidated significantly; a well-defined 39 km (24 mi) eye
became established during this time.[16] The JTWC analyzed Mangkhut to have
reached Category 5-equivalent intensity by 12:00 UTC, an intensity it would
maintain for nearly four days.[17] The JMA assessed the typhoon's peak intensity to
have occurred at 18:00 UTC, with 10-minute sustained winds of 205 km/h
(125 mph) and a central minimum pressure of 905 hPa (mbar; 26.73 inHg).[18] The Typhoon Mangkhut approaching the
JTWC noted additional strengthening on September 12, and assessed Mangkhut to Philippines on September 14
have reached its peak intensity at 18:00 UTC, with one-minute sustained winds of
285 km/h (180 mph).[19] The typhoon made landfall on Cagayan Province along the
northern tip of Luzon on September 14, as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon, with 1-minute sustained winds of 270 km/h
(165 mph).[2] This made Mangkhut the strongest storm to strike Luzon since Typhoon Megi in 2010, and the strongest nationwide
since Typhoon Haiyan in 2013.[20]

Traversing the mountains of Luzon weakened Mangkhut before it emerged over the South China Sea on September 15. The typhoon
subsequently made landfall again on Taishan coast of Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, China at 5 p.m. China Standard Time on
September 16.[21][22][23][24]

Late on September 17, Mangkhut dissipated over Guangxi, China.

Preparations

Philippines
Tropical cyclone warning signals were hoisted by PAGASA as early as September
13. Preemptive and forced evacuations were implemented, especially in the Ilocos,
Cagayan Valley and Cordillera Administrative Regions, the three regions widely
expected to be severely affected by Mangkhut. Class suspensions were announced as
early as September 12 in preparation for the incoming typhoon.[25][26][27][28][29]
Medical and emergency response teams were placed on standby, and
[1]
₱1,700,000,000 of relief goods were prepared by September 13. A map of the highest Public Storm
Warning Signals raised throughout
the Philippines in relation to
Hong Kong Mangkhut's passage
On September 14, the Hong Kong Government held a rare cross-department press
conference over the preparation of the super typhoon Mangkhut, to remind Hong
Kong citizens to "prepare for the worst".
On September 16, the Hong Kong Observatory issued the Hurricane Signal No. 10, which is the highest level of tropical cyclone
warning signals in Hong Kong, for 10 hours. This marked only the third time that this warning has been issued for the region since
1999, with the others being with Typhoon Hato in 2017 and Typhoon Vicente in 2012.[30] The Hong Kong Government convened an
inter-departmental meeting on September 12 to discuss possible responses to the storm.[31]

Mainland China
On September 15, the meteorological bureaus of most cities in Guangdong issued red alerts for Typhoon Mangkhut, which is the
highest level of alerts in Guangdong.[32][33] The Guangxi Meteorological Bureau also issued a red alert for the typhoon at 17:00
Beijing time.[34] On the next day, the Meteorological Bureau of Shenzhen Municipality issued a red alert for rainstorm, which is the
highest level of alerts inShenzhen.[35][36]

[37]
The Fujian Meteorological Bureau issued an orange alert for the typhoon, the second highest alert level, on September 15.

On September 16, National Meteorological Center of CMA renewed a red alert for Typhoon Mangkhut, which is the highest level of
alerts in China.[38] On the same day, the Hainan Meteorological Bureau issued an orange alert for the typhoon.
[39]

Impact

Guam
About 80% of the island lost electricity.[40]

Philippines
A tornado was reported in Marikina, eastern Metro Manila on the night of
September 14 (Friday), injuring two people.[41] Over 105,000 families evacuated
from their homes.[42] Several airports in northern Luzon have closed and the airlines
Sailors remove debris in Guam
had cancelled their flights until September 16.[43]
following Typhoon Mangkhut

By September 18, it was confirmed by the National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Council (NRRMC) that at least 74 people had been killed during the
typhoon.[4][5][44] Dozens of landslides buried homes throughout Itogon. At least 70 people died in a small mine that was destroyed in
the town.[45]

Francis Tolentino estimated that 5.7 million people have been affected by the storm nationwide.[46]

Taiwan
A 30-year old female teacher visitingFenniaolin Beach in Yilan County was swept out to sea by a wave. Her body was recovered two
days later.[47] [48]

Hong Kong
Mangkhut caused flooding, especially in low-lying and coastal areas, and many trees were knocked over. Sustained winds of up to
175 kilometres per hour (109 mph) and gusts of up to 232 kilometres per hour (144 mph)[49][50][8] caused the territory's many high-
rises to sway and some roofs to be torn off. Glass windows of many buildings were shattered, and the curtain walls of the Harbour
Grand Kowloon were blown out. A structure on a high-rise under construction in Tai Kok Tsui collapsed onto an adjacent building,
which had to be evacuated by police.[51] Many roads were blocked, and service on the Mass Transit Railway (MTR) was halted on
all above-ground sections of track.[52]
Some buildings around the Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and New Territories area
suffered broken windows and water damage. Blinking lights were reported in a lot of
residential buildings as well. About 1,219 people sought refuge in emergency
shelters opened by the Home Affairs Department.[53] The Hong Kong International
Airport cancelled and delayed a total of 889 international flights. More than 200
people were injured, but no fatalities have been reported.[54][55] Due to the
substantial damage caused, the Education Bureau announced that all schools would
be closed on September 17 and September 18.[52]

Macau
Storm surges reached a height of 1.9 metres (6 ft 3 in). About 20,000 homes lost
power and 7,000 homes lost internet access,[56] and 40 people were injured. For the
first time in history, all casinos in Macau were closed.[57] 191 flights on Saturday
and Sunday (September 15 and 16) were cancelled to and from Macau International
Airport.[56] Shattered windows at the Grand
Harbour Kowloon Hotel in Hong
Kong.
Mainland China

Guangdong Province
Typhoon Mangkhut caused over 2.45 million people to be evacuated.[23][24] In
Shenzhen, it caused power failures in 13 locations, flood in the Seafood Street, and
248 tree falls.[58] Transport was shut down in Southern China,[59][60] and at least
four people in Guangdong were killed in this typhoon.[6][7] In Zhuhai, markets,
schools and public transport were closed or limited in the wake of the storm on
Monday, September 17, and residents were requested to minimize non-essential
travel. Ferry services from Zhuhai's Jiuzhougang Port to Shenzhen and Hong Kong The ceiling of the Oriental Pearl
were suspended indefinitely. Terminal Station waiting area was
blown away by strong winds.

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region


Schools in Beihai, Qinzhou, Fangchenggang, and Nanning were closed on September 17.[61][62] The trains to Guangxi were also
closed on September 17.[63]

See also
Typhoons in the Philippines
Typhoon Wanda (1962) – was the strongest typhoon in Hong Kong prior to Mangkhut
Typhoon Ellen (1983) – one of the strongest typhoons ever recorded in Hong Kong; took a track similar to Mangkhut
Typhoon Gordon (1989)– a powerful typhoon that took a similar track through the Philippines
Typhoon Zeb (1998) – an extremely powerful typhoon that made landfall in the same province of the Philippines
Typhoon Megi (2010) – another powerful typhoon that made landfall in nearbyIsabela province and affected South
China and Taiwan
Typhoon Kalmaegi (2014)— a weaker typhoon which made landfall in the same province with Mangkhut in the same
time in 2014
Typhoon Haima (2016) – similarly powerful typhoon which also made landfall in Cagayan
Typhoon Hato (2017) – most recent typhoon to affect Hong Kong and Macau prior to Mangkhut
Notes
1. "Mangkhut" (Thai pronunciation: [māŋ.kʰút]) is the Thai name for themangosteen.[1]

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External links
"Typhoon Mangkhut". Digital Typhoon. NII. Typhoon 201823.
"Typhoon Mangkhut". Imagery. NRL. 26W Mangkhut.
"Typhoon Mangkhut". HKO. TC1826.
"Typhoon Mangkhut". TC Warning graphic. JTWC. 26W Mangkhut.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T
yphoon_Mangkhut&oldid=860099832"

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