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All about Government of India Act 1858/1919/1935

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By Ashish Singh | August 19, 2017

What are Government of India Act

There are three Government of India Acts were passed by the British Parliament for the e cient administration of
India rst government of India Act was passed in 1858 and the second one came in 1919 and third came in 1935
Indian Independence Act was in 1947 .We will see in detail about all the Government of India Acts.

Government of India Act 1858

Indian administration was transferred to British crown from company.

Post of court of director and board of control abolished so the double government introduced by Pitt’s India
Act 1784 was ended.
Post of secretary of state for India was created.
Governor General was to be called the Viceroy he was direct representative of the crown in India.
Centralized administrative structure was created.

Government of India Act 1919

To increase the participation of Indians in to the Government of India British Parliament passed Government of
India Act 1919 . this act consisted Reforms suggested by Edwin Montague {Secretary of State for India} and Lord
Chelmsford {Viceroy and Governor General}. It is also called as Montague-Chelmsford Reforms.This act
introduces responsible government in India.

A detailed report on Constitutional Reforms in India (Montague-Chelmsford) Report was published on 8th July,
1918. This report became the basis of Government of India Act 1919. Key features of this report were as follows

India to remain as an integral part of British Empire.

Gradual decentralization of authority with loosening the supreme hold of the central government.
Subject of Administration were divided into two categories one is central and other is provincial important
subjects like Railways and Finance were under Central category.
Dyarchyi system introduced in the provinces
 The provincial subjects of Administration were divided into two categories one is transferred and other is
reserved subject
Transferred subjects were administered by the Governor why the age of ministers of the Legislative Council
Rserved subject (Rail, Finance, law and order, post) were administered by the governor and his executive
Council
Indian legislature became bicameral
Secretary of state for India now to be paid from that is revenue.

Government of India Act 1935

Government of India Act 1935 was passed by British Parliament in August 1935. With 321 sections and 10
schedules, It was the longest act passed by British Parliament and was later split into two parts  Government of
India Act 1935 and Government of Burma Act 1935.Important key features given below

This act  provided the concept of making of the Federation of India comprising British Indian provinces and
princely states although the Federation did not come into existence because joining of princely states was
Voluntary.
Dyrarchy in the provinces was replaced by provincial autonomy
This act made threefold divisions of power:  federal,Provincial and concurrent. residuary powers were to be
with the governor general.
Dyarchy  was introduced at the centre.
The Federal Bank(Reserve Bank of India)  and Supreme Court of India was established in 1935 and 1937
respectively by this act

Indian Independence Act  1947

This Act States partition of India and the establishment of two Dominions  India and Pakistan.
The boundaries between the two dominion states were to be determined by a Boundary Commission which
was headed by Sir Cyril Radcli .
Princely states were free to join Either India or Pakistan Or remain independent
It provided for partition of Punjab & Bengal and separate boundary commissions to demarcate the
boundaries between them.
Constituent assembly of each Dominion would have ultimate power adopt a frame constitution.
The o ce of the secretary of state for India was to be abolished  and his work to be taken over by the
secretary of state for Commonwealth a airs.

Category: History Modern History Tags: government of india act , indian independence act

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