ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Any work-study is never an individual own effort. It is contributed effort of many

hearts, hand and heads. I give my great sense of privilege in submitting this training work, for
which I am grateful and indebted to Er. Raminder Singh (Training Officer) of DOEACC
SOCIETY (Regional Computer Center) for allowing me to undergo my training. I sincerely
acknowledge his help, efforts and cooperation as well as timely guidance, which helped me to
complete my training.

I wish to acknowledge my sincere thanks to Prof. (Dr.) Shakti Kumar (Chairman B.O.G.) Dr.
Jai Prakash (Director) Dr. S.Qamar (Principal) Dr. B.S. Gill (Technical Advisor) and our
H.O.D. of E.C.E. Er. Parvinder Bhalla for their guidance, a valuable suggestion continues
encouragement during the course of this training work.

I liked to thanks all persons who helped me directly or indirectly in preparation of this
report.

(MANIK BAJAJ)

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Title of Figures Page No.

Figure 1.1 Unshielded Twisted Pair 2
Figure 1.2 RJ-45 Connector 3
Figure 1.3 Cable Tester and Multi Meter 5
Figure 2.1 Cisco’s Switches 9
Figure 2.2 Cisco’s Routers 13
Figure 3.1 ISP Services 25
Figure 5.1 Subnetting Scheme 35
Figure 5.2 Addressing Schemes 36
Figure 6.1 LONGOWAL’S Campus Network 37
Figure 7.1 CISCO ISR Model 1841 Front 39
Figure 7.2 CISCO ISR Model 1841 Rear 39
Figure 7.3 Configuration Terminal 42
Figure 7.4 Device Name and Setting Passwords 44
Figure 7.5 Setting Passwords and Encryption 44
Figure 7.6 Configuring an Interface 45
Figure 7.7 Catalyst 2960 Switch Front 46
Figure 7.8 Catalyst 2960 Switch Front 47
Figure 7.9 Connect to PC 48
Figure 7.10 Save RUNNING CONFIG 49

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 LIST OF TABLES

Title of Tables Page No.

Table 2.1 MAC Table 8
Table 2.2 Description of OSI Layers 14-15
Table 2.3 Comparision of UDP and TCP 17
Table 3.1 IP Address Classes 28

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Name Page No.

CERTIFICATE

Acknowledgement i
List of Figures ii
List of Tables iii
CHAPTER 1 - NETWORK 1
1.1 Basic Network Component 1
1.2 Common Network Cables 2
1.2.1 Unshielded Twisted Pair(UDP) Cables 2
1.2.2 Cable Tester 3
1.2.2.1 Straight Through Cables 5
1.2.2.2 Crossover Cables 6
CHAPTER 2 - NETWORKING DEVICES AND MODEL 7
2.1 Hubs 7
2.2 Switches 7
2.3 Routers 9
2.3.1 Acess 10
2.3.2 Distribution 11
2.3.3 Core 11
2.2.1 Default Gateway 11
2.2.2 Tables Maintained By Routers 12
2.4 OSI Model 13
2.4.1 History 14
2.4.2 Description Of OSI Layers 14
2.4.2.1 Layer 7: Application Layer 15
2.4.2.2 Layer 6: Presentation Layer 15
2.4.2.3 Layer 5: Session Layer 16
2.4.2.4 Layer 4: Transport Layer 16
2.4.2.5 Layer 3: Network Layer 18

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 2.4.2.6 Layer 2: Data Link Layer 18
2.4.2.7 Layer 1: Physical Layer 19
2.5 TCP/IP Versus OSI 20
2.5.1 Physical Layer 21
2.5.2 Data Link Layer 21
2.5.3 Network Layer 21
2.5.4 Transport Layer 22
CHAPTER 3 - INTERNET & IP ADDRESS 23
3.1 The Internet And How We Connect To It 23
3.1.1 The Internet 23
3.1.2 ISP Levels of Service 22
3.1.2.1 Asymmetric 24
3.1.2.2 Symmetric 24
3.2 IP Addresses And Subnet Masks 25
3.2.1 Purpose of The IP Address 25
3.2.2 Parts of An IP Address 26
3.2.3 How IP Addresses And Subnet Masks Interact 26
3.2.4 Types of IP Addresses 27
3.2.4.1 IP Address Classes And Default Subnet Masks 27
3.2.4.2 Public And Private IP Addresses 28
CHAPTER 4 - NETWORKING THREATS & SECURITY 30-
4.1 Risk of Network Intrusion 30
4.1.1 Source of Network Intrusion 30
4.1.1.1 External Threats 30
4.1.1.2 Internal Threats 31
4.1.1.3 Pretexting 31
4.1.1.4 Phishing 31
4.1.1.5 Vishing / Phone Phishing 31
4.2 COMMON SECURITY MESURES 32
4.3 VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS 33
CHAPTER 5 - ADDRESSING SCHEME 34
5.1 CUSTOM SUBNET MASKS 34
CHAPTER 6 - PROJECT 37
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CHAPTER 7 - CONFIGURING NETWORKING DEVICES 38
7.1 Initial Isr Router Configuration 38
7.1.1 ISR 38
7.1.2 PHYSICAL SETUP OF THE ISR 38
7.2 CONFIGURATION OF ROUTER 39
7.2.1 CONFIGURING A ROUTER USING IOS CLI 40
7.2.2 USING SHOW COMMANDS 42
7.2.3 BASIC CONFIGURATION 43
7.2.4 CONFIGURING AN INTERFACE 45
7.2.5 BACKING UP A CISCO ROUTER CONFIGURATION 45
7.3 INITIAL CISCO 2960 SWITCH CONFIGURATION 46
7.3.1 STANDALONE SWITCHES 46
7.3.2 POWER UP THE CISCO 2960 SWITCH 47
REFERENCES

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