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INTRODUCTION
There are several equipment that is been used in the Construction Industry. These are used for
both large and small scale purposes. Various types of Equipment are been used for Building &
structural Construction, Road construction, underwater and other marine construction work
Power projects etc. There are various operations that are involved in construction projects,
whether it’s a large scale or a small scale; Excavation and digging of large quantities of earth,
Placement of construction materials (e.g.: -Bricks, concrete) Compacting and leveling, Dozing,
Grading, Hauling etc.
1. Excavator
An excavator is a construction vehicle used to excavate or move large objects. An Excavator is
basically made up of 2 parts: a driving base associated a powerful boom arm with an attachment
designed for excavating. The operator sits within a small cab connected to the base and controls
the arm.
The excavator uses a Hydraulic system to generate a Hydraulic force to control the mechanical
arm of the machine. It also uses a chain wheel system for its movement.
2. Grader
A grader is a construction
machine with a long blade used
to create a flat surface. It is
commonly called in names such
as road grader, a blade, a
maintainer and motor grader,
In the construction of paved roads, they are used to prepare the base course to create a wide flat
surface for the asphalt to be placed on.
They are also used to set native soil foundation pads to finish grade prior to the construction of
large buildings. Many countries use grader for the flatting process that is done before the placing
of Asphalt. Graders too have various types; some consist a large fork front, and some consist of
a flat blade front, which vary from different sizes.
3. Loaders
A loader is a heavy equipment machine frequently used in construction industry, mainly used to
Load material (such as demolition waste, feed, gravel raw minerals, used material,
rock, and plywood) into or onto another type of machinery (such as a dump truckload). Loaders
have a very higher productivity and a lower maintenance cost unlike most of the other large scale
construction machines. The Loader has a large bucket with a shorter moving arm. Large
quantities of material such as soil, construction material, etc. can be moved from this. The loader
consists of four large wheels for its movement. Loaders are best suited for earth moving, road
construction, agricultural purposes, and also in large and small scale constructions
which include marine structures. Loaders too are available in various types based on its use and
brand.
Usage of Loaders in
construction
Laying pipe
Clearing rubble
Moving of Construction
waste and other materials
Small excavations
4. Tippers
A truck or lorry the rear platform of which can be raised at the front end to allow the load
to be discharged by gravity also called tip truck.
5. Crane
A crane is a type of machine commonly used in
construction, generally equipped with an elevator, ropes
or chains and sheaves that can be used both to move and
to lift and lower materials horizontally. It is mainly used
for heavy lifting and transport to other locations.
One or more simple machines are used to provide a
mechanical benefit and thus to move loads on the normal
ability of a person. Cranes are commonly employed in the
transport industry for the loading and unloading of goods
for the movement of materials and manufacturing
industries for mounting agricultural machinery, in the
construction industry.
6. Conveyor
A conveyor structure is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that moves
materials from one location to another location.
7. Concrete Mixer
A Concrete (Cement Mixer) is a machine that combines
cement evenly to form aggregates such as sand or gravel
and water to concrete. A typical concrete mixer using a
rotating drum for mixing the components. For smaller
volume works portable concrete mixers are regularly used
for concrete, can be produced at the site, so that workers
have enough time to use the concrete before it hardens
time.
9. Backhoe
A backhoe, also known a rear actor or back actor, is a section of excavating equipment or digger
consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm. They are typically
mounted on the back of a tractor or front loader.
Submitted By
Utkarsh Agarwal
(1479881025)