Name: ___________________________ Date: ____________ BIOS1500 Fall 2018

Name: ___________________________ Date: ____________

You can elect to work in groups of two students. Students in the same group will
receive the same score. You can use your textbook, notes, and homework.

Worksheet 3

1. Review times of all new drug approvals

by the Food and Drug Administration for
the years 1985–1992 have been
reported. In all, 175 drugs were
approved during the eight–year period.
The following is a graphical
representation of the review times for
the 175 drugs.

a) What is the name of this type of

graphics (2 points) and what does it
show? (2 points)

b) Briefly describe the distribution – shape (1 points), center (1 points), spread (1

points) and possible outliers. (1 points)

2. The interactions between theophylline and two other drugs (famotidine and
cimetidine) were studied in fourteen patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. Of particular interest were the pharmacokinetics of theophylline when it
was being taken simultaneously with each drug. The study was conducted in three
periods: one with theophylline and placebo, a second with theophylline and
famotidine, and the third with theophylline and cimetidine. One outcome of interest
is the clearance of theophylline (liters/hour).

Interacting Drug
Subject Cimetidine Famotidine Placebo
1 3.69 5.13 5.88
2 3.61 7.04 5.89
3 1.15 1.46 1.46

1
 4 4.02 4.44 4.05
5 1.00 1.15 1.09
6 1.75 2.11 2.59
7 1.45 2.12 1.69
8 2.59 3.25 3.16
9 1.57 2.11 2.06
10 2.34 5.2 4.59
11 1.31 1.98 2.08
12 2.43 2.38 2.61
13 2.33 3.53 3.42
14 2.34 2.33 2.54
𝑥̅ 2.26 3.16 3.08
s 0.97 1.70 1.53
min 1.00 1.15 1.09
Q1 1.42 2.08 1.97
median 2.34 2.36 2.60
Q3 2.85 4.61 4.19
max 4.02 7.04 5.89

a) Create side-by-side boxplots of the three 8

drugs and mark down the sample means on
the plots. (3 points) 7

6
b) Compare the three distributions in terms of
skewness, center, and spread. (3 points) 5

c) Is there any outlier for Cimetidine group per the 1.5 × IQR rule. (4 points)