LUD DYNAMICS ‘This is a branch of hydraulics desling with the forces exerted by or upon tigu in motion. NEWTON'S LAWS OF MOTION 1. FIRSTLAW: ‘A body at rest or in motion with a uniform velocity along straight Tine will continue in the same state of rest or motion provided that the net force acting on the body is zero. 2 SECOND LAW: eon if change in the momentum of a moving body is proportional to the foroe producing that change which occurs during or long the straight line in wwitich the force acts. 3, ‘THIRD LAW: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction FLOW PROPERTIES 1 Pressure (P) in Sor Pa, ASN or KPa mm ry 2, Velocity (v) in = mm Discharge (Q) in DEFINITION OF TERMS 1, Streamlines are imaginary curves drawn through & fluid to indicate the direction ‘various section of flow of the fluid system. SS seem 2, Streamtube represents elementary portion of a flowing fluid bounded.by a group of streamlines which confines the flow. A.A | StreantubeDIFFERENT TYPES OF FLOWS |. Stexdy and unsteady flow a Forsendy flow “Gr 7 ! For unsteady flow. Ge * ° 2, Uniform and non - uniform flow y SST ONS Non - Uniform Flow Laminar and turbulent flows 3. ticles are parallel to each other. a a larsinardow, the paths of the individuel pe ao ad Patblines - . ~ aS Laminar Flow ally cross each other. are irregular curves which comin: tn turbulent flow, the pathlines Pathlines power snp uy apelin 7B Ww |BASIC EQUATIONS USED IN FLUID DYNAMICS 1. Continuity Equation Q=Av where: Q = discharge (m’/s) A = water area (sn! } V = mean or average velocity (m/s) 2. Energy Equation The total energy E, is the sum of three heads. That is, yt P Re tpt 66