AL-MAGWA ENGINEERING & CONTRACTING COMPANY

Rev : 0
PENETRANT TESTING Date : 21 June 2018
WRITTEN PROCEDURE Pages : 1 of 7

Sr. No. Description Page No.

1 Introduction 2
2 Personnel Qualification 2
3 References 2
4 Penetrant Materials 2
5 Surface Preparation 3
6 Temperature Limitation 3
7 Examination 4
8 Interpretation 4
9 Evaluation 4
10 Post Examination Cleaning 6
11 Documentation / Record 6
12 Safety 6

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Rev : 0
PENETRANT TESTING Date : 21 June 2018
WRITTEN PROCEDURE Pages : 2 of 7

1. Introduction :
This procedure shall be applicable for Penetrant Testing of
welds, made of carbon, low alloy, and high alloy steels,
Aluminium alloys, copper alloys and high temperature alloys,
by contrast (visible) solvent removable method.

2. Personnel Qualification :
2.1 Penetrant testing shall be performed by ASNT NDT Level I and
indications evaluated by ASNT NDT Level II or Level III
qualified as per Written Practice.
3. References
3.1 ASME Sec V & Sec VIII- Article -6
3.2 KNPC Inspection Policy

4. Penetrant Materials (Penetrants, Solvents, Cleaning Agents,

Developers, etc.)

4.1 The following penetrant materials are approved for use.

Manufacturer Penetrant Cleaner Developer

Magnaflux SKL-SP2 SKC-S SKD-S2
Cramolin - Contact -
Penetone - Inhibisol -

4.2 Penetrant shall be of red in color and developer in white to

provide color contrast due to bleed-out of penetrant from
discontinuities. Inter mixing of penetrant materials from
different families or manufacturer’s are not permitted.

4.3 When examining nickel base alloys, all penetrant materials shall
be verified for sulphur content, which shall be within 1% by
weight as specified in Article -6 of ASME Sec V.

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PENETRANT TESTING Date : 21 June 2018
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4.4 When examining austenitic steel or titanium all materials shall

be verified for chlorine and fluorine content and the total
content of chlorine plus fluorine shall not exceed 1% by weight
as specified in Article -6 of ASME Sec V.
4.5 Penetrant material manufacturer’s certification of contaminant
content for each batch, evaluated and limited as above shall be
considered acceptable.

5. Surface Preparation
5.1 As welded, as rolled, as cast or as forged condition is
acceptable. Grinding or machining may be done on irregular
surface, which could mask indications of unacceptable
discontinuities.
5.2 The surface to be examined and all adjacent area within at least
1 inch shall be dry and free of all dirt grease, lint, and scale,
welding flux, weld spatter, paint, oil and other extraneous
matter.
5.3 Drying time upon application of cleaner shall be as per Table- 1.

.6 Temperature Limitation
The temperature of the penetrant and the surface of the part
shall be between 50C and 520C throughout the examination
period.
Table – 1

Cleaner dry Penetrant Developer dwell

Type of
Material Form Time dwell time time
Discontinuity
Min Max (minutes) Min Max
Castings & Welds Cold shut, 15 30 10 10 60
Porosity, Lack of Sec Minutes Minimum Minutes Minutes
Fusion, cracks
Wrought materials Laps, Cracks 15 30 10 10 60
extrusions, Forgings, Sec Minutes Minimum Minutes Minutes
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Rev : 0
PENETRANT TESTING Date : 21 June 2018
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Plate

7. Examination
7.1 Penetrant shall be applied by aerosol spray. Minimum
penetration time shall be as specified in the Table -1.
7.2 After the specified penetration time has elapsed, any excess
penetrant shall be removed by wiping with cloth or absorbent
paper moistened with solvent with adequate care to minimize
removal of penetrant from discontinuities. Flushing the surface
with solvent following the application of the penetrant and
prior to developing shall be prohibited.
7.3 The solvent applied to clean the excess penetrant from the
surface shall dry by normal evaporation and cleaner dry time
shall be as per the Table – 1.
7.4 After the surface is cleaned and dry, wet developers shall be
applied within the time range specified below. Minimum
developing time as specified in Table – 1 begins as soon as a
wet developer coating dry.

8. Interpretation
8.1 Final interpretation shall be made within 10 to 60 min. after
developer dwell time.
8.2 Adequate lighting of minimum 1000 lux (e.g. 12V flash lamp
or 40 W lamp with 6" distance) shall be ensured during
examination and evaluation of indications.
9. Evaluation
9.1 All indications shall be evaluated in terms of the acceptance
standards of the referencing code section and specifications.
False indications need not be considered.

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PENETRANT TESTING Date : 21 June 2018
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9.2 Repairs shall be carried out by grinding or gouging to sound

metal and re-examination shall be carried out to ensure
complete removal of defect. Re welding shall be carried out
using KNPC approved procedures. Repaired portion shall be
re-examined by the reference code / specification.

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PENETRANT TESTING Date : 21 June 2018
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10. Post Examination Cleaning

Post cleaning shall be carried out upon completion of
inspection by wiping with cotton.

11. Documentation / Record

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Penetrant Test Report. (As attached).

12. Safety

12.1 Knpc safety requirements and project specific safety instruction

shall be met at all times.

12.2 While using aerosol cans of penetrant materials test shall not be
carried out near open flame such as welding, gas cutting etc.

12.3 Material using in penetrant testing can cause skin irritation. Wear
protective gloves, avoid unnecessary contact with penetrant materials.

12.4 The area shall be well ventilated while carrying out the test,
exhaust fans shall be installed in confined spaces area.

12.5 Check MSDS for liquid penetrant materials before use for safe
handling.

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