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Problems 33

Problems
Answers to problems marked with an asterisk are given at the end of the text.

Section 1.1
1. Make sure you know how to start and quit a MATLAB session. Use
MATLAB to make the following calculations, using the values: x  10,
y  3. Check the results using a calculator.
a. u  x  y b. v  xy c. w  x / y
d. z  sin x e. r  8 sin y f. s  5 sin (2y)
2.* Suppose that x  2 and y  5. Use MATLAB to compute the following.
yx3 3x 3 x5
a. b. c. xy d. 5
x - y 2y 2 x - 1
3. Suppose that x  3 and y  4. Use MATLAB to compute the following,
and check the results with a calculator.

a. a1 - 5 b
1 -1 3y 4(y - 5)
b. 3x2 c. d.
x 4x - 8 3x - 6
4. Evaluate the following expressions in MATLAB for the given value of x.
Check your answers by hand.
4 x
a. y = 6x3 + , x2 b. y = 3, x8
x 4
(4x)2 sin x
c. y = , x  10 d. y = 2 , x2
25 5
e. y  7(x1/3)  4x 0.58, x  20
5. Assuming that the variables a, b, c, d, and f are scalars, write MATLAB
statements to compute and display the following expressions. Test your
statements for the values a  1.12, b  2.34, c  0.72, d  0.81,
f  19.83.
a c b - a
x = 1 + + 2 s =
b f d - c
1 1 f2
r = 1 y = ab
+ 1 + 1 + 1 c 2
a b c d

6. Use MATLAB to calculate

3 45 48.2(55) - 93
a. (6) (72) + 3 b.
4 7 - 145 53 + 142
2 4>5
27 319
c. + + 60(14)-3
4 5
Check your answers with a calculator.
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34 CHAPTER 1 An Overview of MATLAB®

7. The volume of a sphere is given by V  4␲r3/3, where r is the radius. Use

MATLAB to compute the radius of a sphere having a volume 30 percent
greater than that of a sphere of radius 5 ft.
8.* Suppose that x   7  5i and y  4  3i. Use MATLAB to compute
a. x  y b. xy c. x/y
9. Use MATLAB to compute the following. Check your answers by hand.
5 + 4i
a. (3  6i)( 7  9i) b.
5 - 4i
3 3
c. i d.
2 2i
10. Evaluate the following expressions in MATLAB, for the values x  5 
8i, y  6  7i. Check your answers by hand.
a. u  x  y b. v  xy c. w  x/y
d. z  e x e. r = 1 y f. s  xy2
11. The ideal gas law provides one way to estimate the pressure exerted by a
gas in a container. The law is
nRT
P =
V
More accurate estimates can be made with the van der Waals equation:

nRT an2
P = - 2
V - nb V
where the term nb is a correction for the volume of the molecules, and the
term an2/V 2 is a correction for molecular attractions. The values of a and
b depend on the type of gas. The gas constant is R, the absolute tempera-
ture is T, the gas volume is V, and the number of gas molecules is indi-
cated by n. If n  1 mol of an ideal gas were confined to a volume of V 
22.41 L at 0°C (273.2 K), it would exert a pressure of 1 atmosphere. In
these units, R  0.08206.
For chlorine (Cl2 ), a  6.49 and b  0.0562. Compare the pressure es-
timates given by the ideal gas law and the van der Waals equation for 1 mol
of Cl2 in 22.41 L at 273.2 K. What is the main cause of the difference in the
two pressure estimates: the molecular volume or the molecular attractions?
12. The ideal gas law relates the pressure P, volume V, absolute temperature
T, and amount of gas n. The law is
nRT
P =
V
where R is the gas constant.