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Ratio:
the parol evidence rule does not apply, and may not properly be
invoked by either party to the litigation against the other, where at
least one of the parties to the suit is not party or a privy of a party to
the written instrument in question and does not base a claim on the
instrument or assert a right originating in the instrument or the
relation established thereby.
“Strangers to a contract are, of course, not bound by it, and the rule
excluding extrinsic evidence in the construction of writings is