documents/saswnotesgeopsy (signal processing)

see techtrailsseismic for data

see saswtechtrails for notes

URL: e g: http://www.geopsy.org/forum/ucp.php?mode=register
ChuckYoung
pwd: 0987!tasha
04/19/18 can't log in "incorrect user name"
alternate registration (04/19/18):
ChuckYoung1
oops...
they have ChuckYoung!
pwd = 4321!tasha

can select wav file. when imported, no time trace appears.

__________________________________
got started on octave program sasw1.m

and documents/geophysics/saswnotes
also see my file HVSR Notes (email from Val Chandler etc.)

also see my file pythonforSASW.pdf MSNoise

see:
geopsy
notes in /test.model
and
geopsynotes

http://www.geopsy.org/download.php

dinverdc Inversion of dispersion curves (Rayleigh, Love, Phase and Group

velocities, higher modes), autocorrelation curves, ellipticity curves, ellipticity
peak and refraction travel times. Joint inversion are also possible.

dinverext Plugin to run the forward computation in an external command.

geopsy Graphical environment to view, organize and process signals. Most

of the geophysical file formats are automatically recognized. Geopsy features can
be extended through plugin tools. A selection is available here below.

geopsyhv Plugin tool to compute H/V spectral ratios from single station
ambient vibrations. A sub-product from SESAME European project (2001-2004) with
main contributions from J.-L. Chatelain (aka 'Gaillot'), B. Guillier and P.-Y. Bard
(LGIT).

gpdc

gpdc Computation of theoretical dispersion curves.

gpmt Computation of theoretical magneto-telluric curve.

downloaded geopsypack (2 items) 04/16/18

Your selection contains 2 item(s):
geopsypackinstall
gpdc

right click dmg, open with disk image mounter ?

etc: MANY programs.

_______________________
http://crack.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/papers/disper/refr.html
Faster, Better: Shear-Wave Velocity to 100 Meters Depth
From Refraction Microtremor Arrays
John N. Louie
describes modeling programs
The refraction microtremor method interactively forward-models the normal-mode
dispersion data picked from the p-f images with a code adapted from Saito (1979,
1988) in 1992 by Yuehua Zeng. This code produces results identical to those of the
forward-modeling codes used by Iwata et al. (1998), and by Xia et al. (1999) within
their inversion procedure.

http://l2a.ucsd.edu/local/Meetings/2000_SRR/8-DataAnalysis/08_09.pdf
a program called MATSEIS (from Sandia) (1996) 9 pp
https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc667411/m1/4/

https://www.iris.edu/hq/inclass/search#type=7______________

_____________________________

also from iris: SeisMac

______________________________
commercial equipment by Tromino user manual available on scribd (ambient
vibrations)

see RTC-4.5 Hz geophone

RTClark: $54 James Clark says ~$39
from Clark: Here we have worked more with the 4 channel audio interface (Behringer
404HD) for recording seismic signals. I haven't done more work with the minisense
100. I found a Chinese source for geophones that only cost $39 each including
shipping for 4.5 Hz phones so I thought I would try them out. The specs are the
same as others I have used. (http://www.egl-geo.com/product/geophone).
http://www.egl-geo.com/product/geophone-single/146.html

The Geological Society of America Special Paper 520 (2016)

Appropriate geophysics technology: Inexpensive instruments for water exploration at
a local level in developing nations, Clark et al,
Uses mini-sens 100 piezo transducers, compares favorably to 4.5 Hz geophones.
He triggers with a piezo transducer on the hammer, into the second channel of the
sound card.

Audacity sound activated recording

https://www.safaribooksonline.com/library/view/the-book-
of/9781593272708/ch01s09.htmlTimer Record and Sound Activated Recording

Both Timer Record and Sound Activated Recording are in the Transport menu. To use
Sound Activated Recording, select Transport > Sound Activation Level and set the
decibel level you want to trigger recording. It may take a bit of trial and error
to figure out a level that balances capturing what you want without also capturing
lot of sounds you don’t want. Then turn on the recording monitor (Meter toolbar)
and click the Play button. When a loud enough sound is detected, Audacity will
automatically create a new track and then use that track for as long as you leave
Timer Record activated. Click the Stop button any time to stop Sound Activated
Recording.

Timer Record is just as easy—just set the start and ...

and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5U2CoI3JUw

Finding Trapped Miners by Using a Prototype Seismic

Recording System made from Music-Recording
Hardware https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1095/of2009-1095.pdf
( uses 16 channel system . two Digimax 8 channel systems, max sample rate
48000/sec, 24 bit A/D cost ~$2700 total.)Uses Audacity freeware recording software.
Converts RAW files to SEGY Seismic Unix format. Compares results to 24 channel
Geode system from Geometric.

_++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
https://archive.epa.gov/esd/archive-geophysics/web/html/surface_wave_methods.html
frequency range 1-300 Hz, coherency greater than 0.9
wavelengths from 0.5 to 3 times the geophone spacing
from Wightman, W. E., Jalinoos, F., Sirles, P., and Hanna, K. (2003). "Application
of Geophysical Methods to Highway Related Problems." Federal Highway
Administration, Central Federal Lands Highway Division, Lakewood, CO, Publication
No. FHWA-IF-04-021, September 2003. http://www.cflhd.gov/resources/agm/Exit EPA
Disclaimer

http://peer.berkeley.edu/lifelines/lifelines_pre_2006/final_reports/2A02a-FR.pdf
d2-d1 of 0.3 to 30 m, wavelengths of 0.2 to 80 m, or maybe 1.5 to 37 m.

modeling by WinSASW (Joh 1996) (free download? but for Windows)¸Anjmgt

looks like complicated download. ... need "cracker" software?
sign up for account?
can't tell about input file for WisSASW. Does it use time series or spectra?
Example is processed data from dynamic signal analyzer.,

\https://www.downloadkeeper.com/winsasw-software-crack-serial-download.html
can get temporary membership else $30/MONTH
pwd 4321percy 03/24/2018 site temporarily out of service
else: for windows... http://sdlab.cau.ac.kr/#Downloads
maybe works (downloads) on Windows XP (long time download! 45 mins)
manual is on iMac as WinSASW2_manual.pdf
on Windows .... "requires Windows Service Pack 7 or later) BUMMER
besides, may require hardware dongle "lock-key"

L U dynamic signal analyzer sound card:

AKA Real Time Spectrum Analyzer
freeware?
http://www.nch.com.au/wavepad/fft.html?kw=audio%20spectrum
%20analyser&gclid=EAIaIQobChMIquqB1MKF2gIVRmV-Ch2HZA0HEAMYASAAEgKki_D_BwE

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-11172015000400313

MATLAB implementation: Dynamic Performance of a Matlab and Soundcard-based FFT

Analyser
S.R. Sheikh Raihan
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of
Malaysia, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Email: siti_r@um.edu.my
no program listing/availability given, no bibliography

also see:
Dynamic Signal Analyzer
version 1.0 (10.5 KB) by Jim Royalty
https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/14611-dynamic-signal-analyzer
Frequency response signal analyzer for simulation control loops and dynamic systems

python: http://www.qsl.net/pa2ohh/11sa.htm (single channel)

A Simple Method to Develop Seismic Microzonation Maps for Cities in Northern Haiti
and Elsewhere.
Source: International Journal for Service Learning in Engineering . 2015, Vol. 10
Issue 2, p1-17. 17p. • Author(s): Kalinski, Michael E.; Kit Miyamoto; Gilani, Amir
S. J.
(text is in downloads folder, soon to be in documents/geophysics)
see cheap accelerometers at dx.com
uses Data Physics Quattro dynamic signal analyzer ( 40 or 94 kHz, 120 db dynamic
range, 32 bit, price ~$7000 !! not on website)

Louie, J. N., 2001, Faster, Better: Shear-Wave Velocity to 100 Meters Depth from
Refraction Microtremor Arrays: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,
Vol. 91 pp. 347-364.
http://crack.seismo.unr.edu/vs/refr.html can download pdf
(used Bison 48 channel seismograph system) (BIG PROJECT!!)

Louie's papers: http://crack.seismo.unr.edu/~louie/

and free software

http://crack.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/sounds/

___________________________

& 4.5 Hz geophones, receivers spacings

of 3.0, 6.0 and 12 m., winSASW forward modeling software for Windows
(Joh, U of Texas, 1996)

http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/content/85/3/715
You have access

(for Windows, not Mac)

see: MSNoise, a Python Package for Monitoring Seismic Velocity Changes Using
Ambient Seismic Noise http://www.msnoise.org/
downloaded to iMac. unpacks into subdirectory msnoise-1.5.1
see README.md
The full documentation can be found on: http://www.msnoise.org.
http://msnoise.org/doc/
MSNoise is released under EUPL v1.1
also see my file pythonforSASW.pdf MSNoise

for MANY station data!

_____________________

setup is elaborate. uses

MySQL Server (or sqlite) and Workbench

Using the MySQL Server and Workbench is fairly easy and lots of tutorials are
available online as text or videos.

DX order: (analog output accelerometer)

from DX Deal Extreme in China:
DC 1.8~3.6V Wearable ADXL335 3-axis Acceleration Sensor Module for
LilyPad-451778

oops … $ 3.45 $ 0.00 0 4 $ 13.80

Also bought from (NewEgg/ 3/30/17) 4 pcs x ($3.99) GY-61 ADXL335 Module 3-Axis
Analog Output Accelerometer Angular Sensor Module Transducer For Arduino
$15.96

Subtotal: $15.96 Tax: $0.00

Shipping and Handling: $2.00
Total Amount: $17.96

sample arduino code:

http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=165501.0

see: https://www.sparkfun.com/tutorials/235 ADXL335 for earthquakes with Arduino

basic idea is OK but he didn’t keep at it.
________________________________

https://www.researchgate.net/post/could_I_use_MATLAB_simulink_to_calculate_the_disp
ersion_curve_of_the_SASW_test

Andi Muhamad Pramatadie · Tokyo Institute of Technology

Yes, it's possible..

In general, just follow the procedure step of SASW.

For example in MATLAB, you have 2 waveforms of a station pair, let say x(t)
and y(t)

1. Transform each waveform (Fourier transform) by using fft, each waveform you will
obtain real and imaginary component
2. Calculate the cross spectrum --> XY = X*conj(Y) ;
3. Calculate the phase difference --> phase = atan2(imag(XY),real(XY));
4. Calculate the phase velocity (disp.curve) --> vel=(2*pi()*freq*distance) / phase
*distance = distance of a station pair.

Some procedure we need before calculate the phase velocity, like unwrapping the
phase difference. It depend on your data.
see matlab or octave or python unwrap

______________________________
Elaborate procedure:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319702266_GSpecDisp_a_Matlab_GUI_package_f
or_phase-velocity_dispersion_measurements_from_ambient-noise_correlations
(multiple stations, Bessel functions, etc)

____________________________

Reference of SASW : Kramer 1996, on chapter of Dynamic Soil Properties

Also:
http://bwk.kuleuven.be/bwm/edt/applications.html
Home EDT EDT: ElastoDynamics Toolbox for MATLAB

EDT: ELASTODYNAMICS TOOLBOX FOR MATLAB

Euros 2200 for the software package
more or less

multichannel: (24 channel)

http://geo.cv.nctu.edu.tw/EngGeo/download/Hw6_SurfaceWaveTesting.pdf

http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/content/85/3/715

_____________________________

PYTHON STUFF:
e.g.
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0144610
very music related.

____________________________________
Finds "Green's Functions" between seismic monitoring stations..... maybe not what I
want.
MSNoise, a Python Package for Monitoring Seismic Velocity Changes Using Ambient
Seismic Noise
Thomas Lecocq, Corentin Caudron, Florent Brenguier
Seismological Research LettersDOI: 10.1785/0220130073 Published on May 2014, First
Published on May 03, 2014
http://srl.geoscienceworld.org/content/gssrl/85/3/715.full.pdf
( I saved this in Downloads)
downloaded to Downloads folder 03/24/18
installation notes: http://msnoise.org/doc/installation.html (use Anaconda)
uses MySQL and MySQL Workbench (optional?)

The whole pack-

age is written in Python, open source and freely available on
http://www.msnoise.org (download to mac 03/24/18)
(last accessed March 2014).HVResPy: an open-source Python tool for Geopsy HVSR
post-processing.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283085984_HVResPy_an_open-
source_Python_tool_for_Geopsy_HVSR_post-processing

HVSR:
http://www.geopsy.org/documentation/geopsy/hv.html

ftp://ftp.geo.uib.no/pub/seismo/SOFTWARE/SESAME/USER-GUIDELINES/SESAME-HV-User-
Guidelines.pdf (62 pp) Typical frequency range: 0.1 to 20
Hz.

Talks by Bill Sauck at SAGEEP 2017

OpenHVSR: imaging the subsurface 2D/3D elastic properties through multiple HVSR
modeling and inversion
(matlab program also see
ModelHVSR by Herak S. Bignardi, ,
A. Mantovani, Computers & Geosciences
Volume 93, August 2016, Pages 103–113
N. Abu Zeid
Computers & Geosciences
Volume 93, August 2016, Pages 103–1
download to Downloads OpenHVSR etc. 03/24/2018
Supplementary data associated with this article can be found in
the online version at
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2016.05.009.

Mapping Bedrock Surface Contours Using the Horizontal-

to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Method Near the Middle
Quarter Area, Woodbury, Connecticut
msgs OFR 2013-1028 (natural signals) download this.

SASW:
SWAN:
free demo version for windows
http://www.geostudiastier.it/area_en.asp?tag=&idCanale=50&sezione=2
good bibliography

USGS poster:
https://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/geotech/denlidarposter/sasw.html

sasw:

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f4b4/151abf6c33fb02b495f79910a107037e8193.pdfdoesn
’t tell inversion program

Geometrics: ?

commercial URL
http://www.masw.com

Kansas GS
description at: http://www.kgs.ku.edu/software/surfseis/masw.html
http://www.kgs.ku.edu/software/surfseis/masw.html
see paper saved at combined use...
2 day SurfSeis demo programl free, dongle $100
also see: http://en.freedownloadmanager.org/Windows-PC/SurfSeis.html

a freeware MASW 3.0 program: http://en.freedownloadmanager.org/Windows-PC/Masw.html

says: downloaded as MASW2007... in Downloads on Mac.
You may want to check out more software, such as SurfSeis
(from Kansas Geol Surv ... not free ... rents for $1250/mo!) , which might be
similar to Masw.

iris: https://ds.iris.edu/ds/products/aswms/ (continental scale?)

SESAME-HV user guide:

save in Documents
ftp://ftp.geo.uib.no/pub/seismo/SOFTWARE/SESAME/USER-GUIDELINES/SESAME-HV-User-
Guidelines.pdf

http://www.geopsy.org/download.php LOTS of free software!

e.g.:

http://www.geopsy.org/documentation/geopsy/hv.htmlgeopsy:
Geopsy and Dinver software products.
e.g.
geopsyhv 2.6.6 Plugin tool to compute H/V spectral ratios from single
station ambient vibrations. A sub-product from SESAME European project (2001-2004)
with main contributions from J.-L. Chatelain (aka 'Gaillot'), B. Guillier and P.-Y.
Bard (LGIT).

SESAME notes: http://www.iitk.ac.in/nicee/wcee/article/13_2268.pdf

I have http://sesame.geopsy.org/
USER GUIDELINES.
and:
Also see: J-SESAME (JAVA(!) software package, distributed on CD ... 2004)
( is it available for download?)
and: ftp://ftp.geo.uib.no/pub/seismo/SOFTWARE/SESAME/USER-MANUAL/J-SESAME-User-
Manual-Ver1-08.pdf
(for Mac, need to compile the fortran code ... directions give)

File Format info:

In the present version two waveform file formats are supported, the GSE
and SAF (SESAME ASCII
Format). The latter (SAF) is designed to have a simple format where data recorded
by different acquisition
systems can easily be converted. It consists of header information, which contains
few compulsory and a
large number of optional parameters followed by a three column data corresponding
to the three channels of the recording.

from Kalinski 2015

uses Data Physics Ace Quattro dynamic signal analyzer
http://www.dataphysics.com/products-and-solutions/dynamic-signal-analyzers-
signalcalc.html
price not given on website. quote: $7280 with university discount 03/27/18

also look at Matlab download:

https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/14611-dynamic-signal-analyzer

Previous research on seismicity in northern Haiti includes the United States

Geological Survey (USGS) study to assess the probability of bedrock shaking across
the island. In this study, maps depicting Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE)
spectral acceleration levels corresponding to 0.2- and 1.0-second periods (Ss and
S1) corresponding to a 2% probability of occurrence within a 50-year exposure
period are presented (Figs. 3 and 4). These values represent expected levels of
bedrock shaking and are used to calculate ground surface design ground acceleration
in accordance with the International Building Code (IBC) as described in ASCE 7-
10.6 To calculate ground shaking, the bedrock MCE spectral values are multiplied by
acceleration and velocity coefficients Fa and Fv per ASCE 7-10 to account for the
stiffness of the soil profile, and then further reduced by a factor of 2/3 to
convert MCE ground surface values to design ground surface spectral values SDs and
SD1.

Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) spectral acceleration levels corresponding to

0.2- and 1.0-second periods (Ss and S1) corresponding to a 2% probability of
occurrence within a 50-year exposure period are presented (Figs. 3 and 4).

calculate ground surface design ground acceleration in accordance with the

International Building Code (IBC)
http://www2.iccsafe.org/states/newjersey/nj_building/pdfs/nj_bldg_chapter18.pdf
saved in Documents nj_bldg_chapter18.pdf
“ground acceleration” found on p 323 (can’t copy it!), refers to “soil
amplification effects specified in Chapter 21 of ASCE 7”
see:
http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nibs.org/resource/resmgr/BSSC2/2016_ASCEshortcourse_ki
rcher.pdf
http://www2.iccsafe.org/states/newjersey/nj_building/pdfs/nj_bldg_chapter18.pdf

ASCE 7-10.6
acceleration and velocity coefficients Fa and Fv per ASCE 7-10 …. explained in:
http://www.cosmos-eq.org/technicalsession/TS2013/8_Crouse.pdf
short course notes:
http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nibs.org/resource/resmgr/BSSC2/2016_ASCEshortcourse_ki
rcher.pdffrgfr`
_____________

Dear Dr Kalinsky:

I hope I am not repeating an earlier email; I think now.

I am a retired professor of geophysical engineering at Michigan Tech University in
Houghton, Michigan.
I am working with very low cost geophysics instrumentation; Raspberry Pis, Arduino
and all that.

I have been carefully reading your paper about your SASW work in Haiti. I heard
your paper at the 2017 SAGEEP meeting in Denver. Nice work!
The Data Physics Quattro Pro signal analyzer is WAY over my budget; I have been
experimenting with:
1. recording the time series on a pocket digital recorder as .wav files and
2. analyzing the signals with Matlab/Octave and Python on an iMac or a Raspberry
Pi.
My present detectors are a couple of new 10 Hz geophones.
The time series and spectra from my first trials look believable , but my
dispersion curves are unrealistic.
The one signal pair data set I have looked at gives phase velocity DECREASING with
wavelength!

I am looking for some advice on the specific settings you might use when recording
and analyzing the data.
For example, do you save the time series, then clip out the individual hammer blow
signals?
Maybe you use the entire time series for several hammer blows.
Maybe you wrote up a list of instructions for field personnel.

I have been clipping out and using a signal from an individual hammer blow.
BTW experimenting with computing the cross-correlation of the near and far geophone
signals.
It looks like a slick way to get the overall time delay. I will work some more with
that in the next few days.

I have been looking at the Geopys website, and downloaded programs but I find it
difficult/impossible to work with for now.

For the moment, I am not able to use WinSASW because it is for Windows computers. I
could probably run it on
university computers, but not on the Macs and Linux computers I have at home.

I would appreciate any tips you could give me.

Charles Young
______________
Charles,
I typically record the time-domain signals on a dynamic signal analyzer so that I
can look at the frequency-domain transfer function in real time in the field as a
quality control measure. If the time-domain signals look reasonable, then the
transfer function should also be believable. There is typically some editing of
the phase spectrum that is required in WinSASW to get a decent-looking dispersion
curve. The editing is somewhat interpretive and requires experience to do so, which
is the main reason why so many have switched over to the MASW method, because with
MASW there is no need to edit the spectrum.

Regarding time series, I usually record for say several seconds and during that
time hit the ground as many times as I can. The resulting time series just look
like a bunch of hammer blows, but this is fine and there is no need to edit. I
also average several records together, so I might record for 5 seconds but do that
10 times and take the average. Whether you average in the time domain or frequency
domain shouldn't matter because the Fourier transform is a linear process.

Hope this helps.

Michael E. Kalinski, Ph.D., P.E.

Professor
University of Kentucky
Department of Civil Engineering
161 Raymond Bldg.
Lexington, KY 40506-0281
USA
Tel: (+1) 859-257-6117
Mobile: (+1) 859-321-3057
Email: michael.kalinski@uky.eduKalinski's reply:
_______________________________________________________

runway and roadway testing:

https://www.gdsinstruments.com/__assets__/Products/00033/SASW_datasheet.pdf
http://test.sols-mesures.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/fiche-gds-sasw.pdf

Mark R. Baker (BS EE MTU 1975, MS geophysics Purdue, D.S UTEP 1988)
Also Diane Doser UTEP

Baker, MR
Research Faculty, Center for Geotechnical and Highway Materials Research, The
University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX

Nazarian, S
Assoc. Prof., Center for Geotechnical and Highway Materials Research, The
University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX

https://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/STP/PAGES/STP13208S.htm

Source: STP19837S ($109 book from ASTM)

https://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/STP/PAGES/STP19837S.htm
pay-for paper $25
SASWOPR: A Program to Operate on Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave Data
STP1026 (inverts the dispersion curve.

ASM D6951, D6951M-9

ASTM STP 1198
several seismic papers in list for 2003-2007

http://ctis.utep.edu/publications/list.php

http://www.masw.com/History-SASW.html "operated by ParkSEIS"

sample data set
(click on "get a quote")

Short note

DigiSeis—A software component for digitizing seismic signals using the PC sound
card
Computers & Geosciences
Volume 43, June 2012, Pages 217-220

PC sound card-based simple instrument for the potentiometric sensors

Author links open overlay panelSukhenChandraaAbu Bakar Md.Ismailb
Sensors and Actuators A: Physical
Volume 154, Issue 1, 31 August 2009, Pages 65-68
(? an Elsevier journal)
(very odd .... long way around
sound card output (rectified, is signal, microphone port is input, etc )