Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

The use of social media among students has reached high levels and has affected their study
time, poor grammar and wrong spellings when socializing on social media as well as diverting
their attention from their studies (Ndaku, 2013) It says that there are negative and positive effect
of social media.Students spend much of their study time on social networks than in their
academic undertakings and it has affected their Grade Point Average (GPA). Investigation on
impact of social media was done here in Philippines which focused on student’s academic
performance(Khan, 2009) just a few research has been done so far in the tertiary institution
pertaining this topic and the researcher’s respondent were information technology students
(Helou & Rahim, 2014). Hence, the concentration of this research will be the students of Ccnhs
Annex (L.R Sebastian Site). The overall objective of the research is to investigate the social
media impact on academic performance of students in Ccnhs Annex (L.R Sebastian Site)

The advanced and improved usage of social media platforms such as Facebook has become a
worldwide phenomenon for quite some time. Though it all started has been a hobby for several
computer literates individual has changed to become a social norm and existence-style for
students around the world (Nicole, 2007) Facebook also attract me that make me paranoid when
I can’t open my Facebook account. According to Nicole, (2007), students and teenagers have
especially recognized these social media platforms to be able to contact their peers, share
information, reinvent their personas and showcase their social live. I also use social media to find
my father but then I surrender because of tire in searching.

Facebook users often experience poor academic performance. Also Karpinski (2009) stated that
social media has a negative association with students’ academic performance which is much
greater than the advantages derived through the use of social media platforms. People around the
globe have been addicted to the internet which has given rise to more students using social media
more often than before. Nalwa & Anand (2003) advised and recommended that those who are
addicted users love to use the internet to set back their personal and professional responsibilities
in which the final outcome is poor academic performance. It was highlighted in the finding of
Karpinski (2009) that social media platforms (Facebook, watzapp etc) users usually devote lesser
time to their studies has to compared to nonusers did and subsequently has lower GPAs. It was
also mentioned by Karpinski, & Duberstein (2009), that among the major distraction of current
generation that social media platform (such Facebook, Watzapp etc.) remains a major
distractions. According to Kubey, Lavin, and Barrows (2001), there is a correlation between
academic performance and the dependency on social media platforms. Researchers have
conducted different studies to find out the influence of social platforms users, for instance a
study on ‘’impact of Facebook on undergraduates academic performance’’, stated that social
platforms have negative impact on students. According to the outcome, students’ academic
performance is affected the more they use Facebook. Social platforms are mainly used by
students for socializing activities rather than academic purpose (Oye, 2012). In addition (Oye,
2012) said that majority of students feel that social platforms have positive impact on academic
growth. In a different research conducted by Shana (2012) it was ascertain that students use
platforms mainly for chatting and making friends. ‘’The consequences of internet and social
platforms on students’ academic growth’’ a study than by Young (2006) it was seen that internet
has spread its wings to reach teenager’s school life. It was also observed by Young that students
are more dependent on internet to access info that pertain their academic life as well as
entertainment. Additionally, Young said that internet, though take a lot of time, and have less
impact on studies. It was observed by Wang (2011) that impact of social platforms rest on the
degree of usage. Jeong (2005) observed that internet addiction is significantly and negatively
related to students’ academic growth, as well as emotional attributes. Seo (2004) confirms Jeong
statement when he opined that the negative influence of internet is only on excessive users and
not on all users. Rather (2013) avers that: the social platforms which are being used today with
great desire and enthusiasm have altered the way of using internets in this modern age by
defining online tools and utilities which allow users for communication, participation and
collaboration of information online. Today’s young generation, especially teens and youth are
using technology through innovative ways due to which they are referred to as millennial and
have changed the way they think, work and communicate even though they are in formative
years of their life. Today’s youth because of social platforms have become technology addicts
and are quite withdrawn.

Junco, Heibergert, and Lokenet al (2011) a study is conducted on 132 students in order to
examine the relationship of social media and engagement of students with it& social media and
grades of students. To examine this relationship the students were divided into two groups, one
group use twitter and the other group did not use twitter account.

It was used to make discussions about study material, organize the study groups in a Impact Of
Social Media Of Student’s Academic Performance manner, also post the announcements of
class, and remain in touch with class fellows. Junco and his coworkers (2011) surprised that the
students of Twitter group achieve greater GPAs and higher scores than the other group J,S et al
(2011)Examine by online mailing questionnaires to respondents that the Person having smart
phones are the most frequent users of social networking sites and have easy access to these sites,
more over it showed that junior and senior student are more interesting to use twitter, Linked In
and read blogs. twitter and LinkedIn having more rating by older students to communicate and
shared information and material with their friends and the younger are frequent user of Facebook
for their different activities while usage of such media have no negative effect on students grades
Shambare, R et al. (2012) Conduct a study on Social networking habits among students their
study indicates that such Medias most commonly used by Younger‟s and Facebook is most
widely using by a large number of communities and have multiple effects on student's life. The
high speed and quickly approach to internet and the development of smart phone technology are
most important drivers behind the adoption and connectivity with social networking websites and
conclude that SNS enhance their knowledge level. Ahmad,A(2011)their study showed that social
networking sites have number of advantages for their users, it enable the community to keep in
touch with their peers and re link with old ones and help to find new friends according to your
interest from all around the and a large number of persons are linking with these networks.

Hence the network of social media is growing globally. Heeter, (2006) a study at University of
Michigan State give information about technology use in higher education, particularly in
relation to faculty. This survey interprets teaching and learning habits for staff member online,
students that are graduate and undergraduate are also included. About 65 % of faculty and
students both read blogs but here faculty for personal information was more likely read them.
Students post for both educational and personal proposes.

Faculty used online photo sharing programs more than students such as Flicker, but about 50 %
of both groups used it. Students used Facebook 70 percent while faculty used less than 10
percent of either Facebook or MySpace. Students send text message more likely. Lenhart (2009),
for online users most popular is social networking a group age of 25 years old students and that
ratio decreased for each succeeding group 10 % or for adults isless over 55. in November 2011 A
paper is released which stated that 66 % of “adults” use different types of social media which is
MySpace, Facebook, and percent use Twitter Kim et al. (2009) roles of international students are
support through internet and social network sides. Specially ,for particular international students
which are using their internet forbuilding new relationships, also for study, and the other students
usingthe internet in their host country. To develop new relationships with students they also
utilized technologies from their entertainer country. Rather than focus on build and maintain
relationships, primary goal of students‟ was to meet academic needs this researchs major
focusonusingInternet as a whole Lin et al. (2011) focusing on a study conducted primarily on the
Facebook outcomes, which are usedby international students in the USA.

The researchers found thatFacebook usage contributed to students‟ ability to participate socially
and culturally in their new environment. It is founded in a survey that out of the international
students, 46 % of students point out a social media site De Andrea et al.(2002) it is founded that
the social support is expanded by social networking .New students are allowed to adjust in
successful academic study. Junco et al (2011) it is founded that when Facebook Groups allow the
students to do political or public engagement, rather than using social networking websites for
social contribution, students are using these sites for public involvement. This perception is carry
by Junco study, where it was originated that students use Facebook for cause other than to
socialize. Information collecting and Information sharing activities make up a time to spend on
Facebook as student.
 Students which use Facebook more for data sharing and collecting activities get high grades
than those who used it for socializing This evidence suggest that students use Facebook for study
activities however it is positive or not