Kinetic particle theory

Kinetic particle theory

The kinetic particle theory explains the properties of the
different states of matter. The particles in solids, liquids and
gases have different amounts of energy. They are arranged
differently and move in different ways.
So, what are solids, liquid and gases?
We will be now explaining you one by one
Solids:
Solids are simply hard substances, and they are hard
because of how their molecules are packed together.
Examples include rock, chalk, and sugar, a piece of wood,
plastic, steel or nail. They are all solids at room
temperature. They can come in all sizes, shapes and forms.
Liquid:
A liquid is one of the states of matter. The particles in a
liquid are free to flow, so while a liquid has a
definite volume, it does not have a definite shape. Liquids
consists of atoms or molecules that are connected by
intermolecular bonds
Gases:
A gas is a sample of matter that conforms to the shape of a
container in which it is held and acquires a uniform density
inside the container, even in the presence of gravity and
regardless of the amount of substance in the container The
atom s or molecule s of matter in the gaseous state move
freely among each other, and are, in most instances, packed
more loosely than the molecules of the same substance in
the solid or liquid state.

PROPERTIES
Below, we will show you what are the properties of matter
and why there are like that.
Solids

Properties Why they are like this

They have a fixed shape and

cannot flow The particles cannot move from place to place

They cannot be compressed or The particles are close together and have no
squashed space to move into

Liquids

Properties Why they are like this

They flow and take the shape The particles are free to move around
Properties Why they are like this

of their container each other

They cannot be compressed or The particles are close together and

squashed have no space to move into

Gases

Properties Why they are like this

They flow and completely fill their The particles can move quickly in all
container directions

They can be compressed or The particles are far apart and have space
squashed to move into

State changes
Changes of state are:
Solids melting into liquids
Liquids boiling into gases
Gases condensing into liquids
Liquids freezing or solidifying into solids
BELOW IS THE SOME MAIN STATE of CHANGING PROCESS;
MELTING
Melting, or fusion, is a physical process that results in the
phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid. This
occurs when the internal energy of the solid increases,
typically by the application of heat or pressure.
HEATING
Heat is a form of energy that can be transferred from one
object to another or even created at the expense of the loss
of other forms of energy.
FREEZING
Freezing is a phase transition in which a liquid turns into a
solid when its temperature is lowered below
its freezing point.
BOILING
Boiling is the process by which a liquid turns into a vapour
when it is heated to its boiling point. The change from a
liquid phase to a gaseous phase occurs when the vapour
pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure
exerted on the liquid.
Particle arrangement and movement
Below is the picture which is explaining the particle arrangement
and its movement.

Diffusion
Diffusion is the tendency of molecules to spread out in order
to occupy an available space. Gasses and molecules in a
liquid have a tendency to diffuse from a more concentrated
environment to a less concentrated environment.
Now we will be discussing three things under this category,
one is diffusion in solids and the other diffusion in liquid
and diffusion in gases.
DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS
Diffusion does not happen at all in solids because the
particles in a solid can only vibrate on the spot, rather than
being able to move from place to place.
DIFFUSION IN LIQUIDS
Diffusion can also happen in liquids. This is because the
particles in liquids can move around each other, which
means that eventually they are evenly mixed.
For example if you drop a little bit of paint into a jar of water
the colour will spread slowly through the water. This is by
diffusion.
Diffusion in liquids is slower than diffusion in gases because
the particles in a liquid move more slowly.

DIFFUSION IN GASES
When chemicals, like the smell of perfume or burning toast,
are let loose in a room, the particles mix with the air
particles. The particles of smelly gas are free to move
quickly in all directions, thus this is called diffusion in gases.