YEAR 12 Trial Exam Paper

2016
MATHEMATICAL METHODS

Written examination 1

Worked solutions

This book presents:

 worked solutions, giving you a series of points
to show you how to work through the questions
 mark allocations
 tips on how to approach the exam

This trial examination produced by Insight Publications is NOT an official VCAA paper for the 2016 Mathematical Methods
written examination 1.
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Question 1a.
Worked solution
dy
 3 x 2 cos( x)  x 3 sin( x )
dx
Mark allocation: 2 marks
 1 method mark for recognising that the product rule is to be used
 1 answer mark for the correct answer

Tip
 Look out for the product rule. There is always either a product rule or
quotient rule question of this standard on Exam 1.

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Question 1b.
Worked solution
1
f ( x)   2  x 2  2
1
1 
f ( x )  (2  x 2 ) 2   2 x
2
x

2  x2
1
f (1)    1
1

Alternatively:
1
Let y  f ( x )   2  x 2  2
du
and let u  2  x 2   2 x
dx
1
dy 1  12 1
yu  2
 u 
du 2 2 u
dy dy du 1
 f ( x )      2 x
dx du dx 2 u
x

2  x2
1
f (1)   1
1
Mark allocation: 2 marks
x
 1 answer mark for finding the correct derivative
2  x2
 1 answer mark for the correct answer f (1) = –1

Tip
 Don’t forget to finish the question—the question asks for f (1). Many
students forget to evaluate.

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Question 2
Worked solution
7
3
 3x  2 dx
4
7
1
 3 dx
4
3 x  2
 log e (3 x  2) 4
7

 log e (19)  log e (10)

 19 
 log e  
 10 

19
So, k  .
10
Mark allocation: 2 marks
 1 method mark for getting loge (3x  2) as the integral
19
 1 answer mark for or its equivalent
10

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Question 3
Worked solution
 1
sin(2 x  ) 
4 2


Reference angle is
, so:
4
  3 9
2 x   , ,
4 4 4 4

2 x  0, , 2
2
1
x  0, ,1
4
Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 method mark for stating reference angle is
4
1
 1 answer mark for x  0, ,1
4

Tip
 You can check your answers by substituting the values back into the
original equation.

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 6

Question 4
Worked solution
9 x  9  8(3x )
32 x  8(3x )  9  0
Let k  3x , giving:
k 2  8k  9  0
( k  9)( k  1)  0
3x  9, 3x  1
x  2
Substituting this into either equation gives y  92  9  72.
So A  (2, 72) .
Mark allocation: 3 marks
 1 method mark for substituting k = 3x
 1 method mark for factorising the quadratic
 1 answer mark for A  (2, 72)

Tip
 Again, check your answer by substituting back into the equations.

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Question 5
Worked solution
log e ( x)  log e ( x  6)  4
 x 
log e    4
 x6
x
e 4 
x6
4
e ( x  6)  x
x(e4  1)  6e4
6e 4 6e 4
x 
e 4  1 1  e 4
Mark allocation: 2 marks
 1 method mark for using a logarithmic law correctly
6e 4
 1 answer mark for x  or equivalent
1  e 4

Question 6a.
Worked solution
1
f ( x)  ( x 4  4 x3 )
5
1
f ( x )  (4 x 3  12 x 2 )
5
Let f ( x)  0 :
 4 x 3  12 x 2  0
4 x 2 ( x  3)  0
x  0, x  3
27
y  0, y 
5
27 
Hence, the coordinates of the stationary points are (0, 0),  3, .
 5 
Mark allocation: 2 marks
 1 method mark for finding the derivative and setting it to zero
 1 answer mark for giving both coordinates

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Question 6b.
Worked solution

Mark allocation: 3 marks

 1 method mark for the correct shape (i.e. a positive quartic)
 1 answer mark for the correct end points
 1 answer mark for correctly labelled intercepts and stationary points

Question 6c.
Worked solution
1 8
At x  1, f (1)  (4  12)  
5 5
3
f (1)  
5
y  y1  m( x  x1 )
3 8
y   ( x  1)
5 5
3 8x 8
y  
5 5 5
8x
y   1
5
Mark allocation: 2 marks
 1 method mark for finding the derivative at x = 1
 1 answer mark for the correct equation of the tangent line

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Question 7
Worked solution
  x 
f ( x )    3sin( x )  cos    dx
  2 
 x 
  3cos( x )  2sin    c 
 2 
     
f    3cos    2sin    c  1
3  3 6
3
 1 c  1
2
7
c
2
x 7
f ( x )  3cos( x )  2sin   
2 2
Mark allocation: 3 marks
 1 method mark for attempting to antidifferentiate f ( x )
 1 method mark for attempting to find the value of c
1 answer mark for f ( x)  3cos( x )  2sin   
x 7

2 2

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Question 8a.
Worked solution
Let X be the number of red fish in the sample. Hence:
X  0, 1, 2, 3
1 2
pˆ  0, , , 1
3 3
Mark allocation: 1 mark
1 2
 1 answer mark for pˆ  0, , , 1
3 3

Tip
 Remember that the distribution of the sample proportions is linked directly
to the distribution of the number of red fish in the sample.

Question 8b.
Worked solution
Pr( pˆ  0.25)  Pr( X  1)
 1  Pr( X  0)
8 7 6
 1  
16 15 14
1 9
 1 
10 10
Mark allocation: 2 marks
 1 method mark for finding Pr( X  0)
9
 1 answer mark for
10

Tip
 It is always easier to find Pr( X  1) by finding 1  Pr( X  0).

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Question 8c.
Worked solution
1
Pr( pˆ  )
 1 1 3
Pr  pˆ  | pˆ   
 3 4 pˆ 
1
4
1
Pr( pˆ  )
 3
0.9
1
Pr( pˆ  )  Pr( X  1)
3
8  8  8 7
1  2  8 
     2 1
 16  16 15 14
 
3 3 2 1
 
2
  0.4
5
 1
Pr  pˆ  
 1
Pr  pˆ  | pˆ    
1 3
 3 4 0.9
0.4 4
 
0.9 9
Mark allocation: 3 marks
 1
Pr  pˆ  
 1
1 method mark for determining Pr  pˆ  | pˆ    
1 3

 3 4 pˆ 
1
4
 1 
 1 method mark for finding Pr  pˆ    Pr( X  1)  0.4
 3
4
 1 answer mark for
9

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 12

Question 9a.
Worked solution
a  2 as f ( x )  0 in order to be a probability density function.

a
  x 
 2 sin 
0
2 
 dx  1 since X represents a probability density function.
a
a
  x     x 

0
2
sin 
 2 
 dx    cos 


 2 0
a 
  cos     cos(0)
 2 
a 
 1  cos  
 2 
a 
So, 1  cos   1
 2 
a 
cos  0
 2 
a 1

Mark allocation: 2 marks

 1 method mark for setting integral equal to one
 1 answer mark for a = 1

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 13

Question 9b.
Worked solution
1
x x 
E( X )   sin   dx
0
2  2 

d    x    x x x 
 x cos    sin    cos  
dx   2  2  2   2 
d    x    x x    x 
 dx  x cos    dx   
2   2
sin    cos 
 2   2 
  dx

  x   x  x     x 
  2 sin  2   dx   cos  2  dx   x cos  2  
2  x     x 
 sin     x cos   
  2    2 
1
  x   x 
1
2  x     x  
So,   sin    dx   sin     x cos   
0
2  2    2    2  0
2  2  
 sin  sin(0)  cos    0
 2  2
2


Mark allocation: 3 marks
1
x x
 1 method mark for setting up E ( X )   sin   dx
0
2  2 
x x  x  x 
1 method mark for getting   sin    dx  sin     x cos   
2

 2  2    2    2 
2
 1 answer mark for


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Question 10a.
Worked solution
dy 1

dx a  2x

dy 1
At x  4, 
dx a 8

At x  4, y  a  8 and at x  0, y  0.

y2  y1 a 8
m 
x2  x1 4

a 8 1
So, 
4 a 8
 a 8  4
a  4
Mark allocation: 3 marks
dy 1
 1 method mark for finding 
dx a 8
 1 method mark for setting gradient equal to the derivative at x = a
 1 answer mark for a = –4

Tip
 The solution can be checked by substituting a = –4 into the equation
dy 1 dy 1
 . This gives  , for x  4 , so the equation of the tangent is
dx a 8 dx 2
x
y  . The point on the curve (4, 2) lies on this tangent.
2

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Question 10b.
Worked solution
A quick sketch produces the following.

So the shaded area can be calculated by finding the area of triangle  

2
2 x  4 dx.

Shaded area:
4
1 1 3

  4  2   (2 x  4) 2 
2 3 2
1 23 1
 4  (4)  (0)
3 3
8 4
 4     square units
 3 3
Mark allocation: 3 marks
 1 method mark for determining the correct region
3
(2 x  4) 2
 1 answer mark for finding  2 x  4 dx 
3
4
 1 answer mark for
3

Tip
 Always draw a sketch to determine the region required. Use areas of simple
shapes to help with calculating the area.

END OF WORKED SOLUTIONS

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