Physical science, the systematic study of the inorganic
world, as distinct from the study of the organic world, which is the province of biological science. Physical science is ordinarily thought of as consisting of four broad areas: astronomy, physics, chemistry, and the Earth sciences. Each of these is in turn divided into fields and subfield
BRANCHES OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE Anthology: this is the science that deals with the study of flowers.
Araneology: the branch of science that deals with the
study of spiders. Anatomy: The science of the shape and structure of organisms and their parts. PHYSICAL SCIENCE Physical science is a branch of natural science that studies non-living systems, in contrast to life science. It in turn has many branches, each referred to as a "physical science", together called the "physical sciences".
BRANCHES OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE .
Chemistry - Matter, what it is made of and how it
reacts. Astronomy - Study of universe or totality of matter, energy, space and time. Meteorology - Atmospheric study including everythinfrom the Earth's surface to the end of the Earth's atmosphere. Geology - Study of the Earth including its history and composition BIG BANG THEORY IS the prevailing cosmological model for the universe[1] from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution.[2][3][4] The model describes how the universe expanded from a very high-density and high-temperature state,[5][6]and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background (CMB), large scale structure and Hubble's law.[7] BIG BANG THEORY The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today THE ORIGIN OF ELEMENT Immediately after its formation, it began to expand and cool. The radiant energy produced quark-antiquarks and electron-positrons, and other particle-antiparticle pairs THE ORIGIN OF ELEMENT It spans an enormous range in distances and time scales. It joins astronomers at telescopes on mountains with physicists in accelerators underground THE FORMATION OF LIGHT AND HEAVY ELEMENT Through Nuclear Fusion, the light elements- Hydrogen (H), Helium (He), and small amounts of lithium (Li) and beryllium (Be) were formed. THE FORMATION OF LIGHT AND HEAVY ELEMENT The formation of heavy elements by fusion of lighter nuclei in the interior of stars is called “stellar nucleosynthesis”. NUCLEAR FUSHION REACTION Fusion is the process by which the sun and other stars generate light and heat. It is a nuclear process, where energy is produced by smashing together light atoms. It is the opposite reaction to fission, where heavy isotopes are split apart. NUCLEAR FUSHION REACTION In nuclear physics, nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei are combined to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons or protons). THE IDEA OF ANCIENT GREEKS ON THE ELEMENT AND ATOM The idea that these four elements – earth, water, air, and fire – made up all matter was the cornerstone of philosophy, science, and medicine for two thousand years. ATOM- Atom These thinkers held that, in addition to being too small to be seen, unchangeable, and indestructible, atoms were also completely solid, with no internal structure, and came in an infinite variety of shapes and sizes, THE IDEA OF ANCIENT GREEKS ON THE ELEMENT AND ATOM ELEMENTS- Although the Greeks believed that the four elements were unchanging in nature, everything was made up of different elements, ATOM-is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasmais composed of neutral or ionized atoms. Atoms are extremely small; typical sizes are around 100 picometers (a ten- billionth of a meter, in the short scale). THE CONTRIBUTION OF ALCHEMIST TO THE SCIENCE CHEMISRTY THE CONTRIBUTION OF ALCHEMIST TO THE SCIENCE CHEMISRTY THE DISCOVERY OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM AND ITS SUB-ATOMIC PARTICLES Subatomic particles are particles smaller than an atom: they may be elementary or composite. Both particle and nuclear physics have been experimenting, researching on these miniscule subjects. THE DISCOVERY OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM AND ITS SUB-ATOMIC PARTICLES The limitations of Dalton’s atomic model to explain certain observations formed the base for the discovery of electrons and protons. Further investigations revealed the existence of neutrons. The components of atoms are called subatomic particles. THE CONTRIBUTION AND THE WAVE MODEL TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE ATOM Erwin Schrödinger- an Austrian physicist, took the Bohr atom model one step further. Schrödinger used mathematical equations to describe the likelihood of finding an electron in a certain position Bohr -model, the quantum mechanical model does not define the exact path of an electron, but rather, predicts the odds of the location of the electron. This model can be portrayed as a nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud. Schrödinger -combined the equations for the behavior of waves with the de Broglie equation to generate a mathematical model for the distribution of electrons in an atom
Jj Thomson bohr model schrodinger
THE CONTRIBUTION AND THE WAVE MODEL TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE ATOM Bohr -model, the quantum mechanical model does not define the exact path of an electron, but rather, predicts the odds of the location of the electron. This model can be portrayed as a nucleus surrounded by an electron cloud. Schrödinger -combined the equations for the behavior of waves with the de Broglie equation to generate a mathematical model for the distribution of electrons in an atom Erwin Schrödinger- an Austrian physicist, took the Bohr atom model one step further. Schrödinger used mathematical equations to describe the likelihood of finding an electron in a certain position THE CONCEPT OF ATOMIC NUMBER TO THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW ELEMENTS Law of octaves, in chemistry, the generalization made by the English chemist J.A.R. Newlands in 1865 that, if the chemical elements are arranged according to increasing atomic weight, those with similar physical and chemical properties occur after each interval of seven elements. PERIODICITY- the quality or character of being periodic; the tendency to recur at intervals. THE CONCEPT OF ATOMIC NUMBER TO THE SYNTHESIS OF NEW ELEMENTS LAW OF OCTAVES Newlands was one of the first to detect a periodic pattern in the properties of the elements and anticipated later developments of the periodic law
PERIODICITY- Periodicity refers to the recurring trends that are
seen in the element properties POLARITY MOLECULES polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.
POLARITY RELATED TO PROPERTIES OF MOLECULES
Polarity is a physical property of compounds whichrelates other physical properties such as melting and boiling points, solubility, and intermolecular interactions between molecules. POLARITY MOLECULES Polar molecules must containpolar bonds due to a difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms.
POLARITY RELATED TO PROPERTIES OF MOLECULES
A molecule may be polar either as a result of an asymmetric arrangement of polarbonds or as a result